EP0691028A1 - Appareil de commutation, en particulier disjoncteur de protection ou de coupure en charge - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation, en particulier disjoncteur de protection ou de coupure en charge

Info

Publication number
EP0691028A1
EP0691028A1 EP94908954A EP94908954A EP0691028A1 EP 0691028 A1 EP0691028 A1 EP 0691028A1 EP 94908954 A EP94908954 A EP 94908954A EP 94908954 A EP94908954 A EP 94908954A EP 0691028 A1 EP0691028 A1 EP 0691028A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switching device
contact carrier
carrier
contact pieces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94908954A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0691028B1 (fr
Inventor
Dietrich Amft
David-Walter Branston
Joerg Kieser
Reinhard Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0691028A1 publication Critical patent/EP0691028A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0691028B1 publication Critical patent/EP0691028B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator

Definitions

  • Switchgear especially contactor or circuit breaker
  • the invention relates to a switching device, in particular a contactor or circuit breaker, with contact pieces which are fastened on a contact carrier, and with means for detecting contact erosion.
  • the contact pieces burn up each time they switch. Depending on the stress caused by the current or the voltage, this erosion ultimately leads to the failure of the switching device. In particular, this applies to the switching of short-circuit currents in circuit breakers, since the arcs that occur in this case remove the contact surfaces particularly strongly.
  • DE-AS 24 05 149 discloses a switching device in which the change in length of the switching stroke caused by the contact erosion is detected. In order to display a safe way To achieve the contact erosion, however, a relatively complex mechanical construction is required.
  • an electrical switch in which at least one of the contact pieces is assigned a light guide whose transmission properties can be measured from the outside by means of suitable optical auxiliary devices.
  • a light guide whose transmission properties can be measured from the outside by means of suitable optical auxiliary devices.
  • an inadmissibly advanced contact erosion leads to the destruction of the light guide and thus to a change in the optical transmission properties.
  • the introduction of the optical fibers into the contact pieces to be applied to the contact carrier is associated with an additional processing operation.
  • Such contact pieces completed with light guides are therefore also complex and, moreover, difficult to handle in the context of an integrated production of switching devices.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device with other means for monitoring the contact erosion.
  • the new switchgear it should be possible to predict the end of the service life of the contact pieces without having to interrupt the operation of the switchgear or open the switchgear housing.
  • the contact carrier is divided and in that the contact pieces are slotted on the back on the divided contact carrier.
  • the contact carrier is preferably divided asymmetrically and the contact pieces are slit asymmetrically on the back. Both the movable and the fixed contact carrier with the relevant contact pieces come into question.
  • the contact carriers which are connected when the contact pieces are new are separated when the contact erosion is sufficiently large.
  • the associated changed physical conditions can be detected in a simple manner. On the one hand, the detection can take place on the basis of the vibration behavior of the contact bridge if a vibration sensor is attached to the contact bridge or a microphone in the housing.
  • the voltage between the two contact carriers can be measured, which is a signal for the contact erosion at least during the switching operation.
  • the prerequisites for the detection of the contact erosion are created solely by a slight structural change in the contact carrier and the associated contact pieces.
  • the relevant sensors are housed inside the housing or on the housing of the switching device.
  • FIG. 1 a conventionally designed contact carrier
  • FIG. 2 a new type of contact carrier, each with associated contact pieces
  • FIG. 3 and 4 two different evaluation options with a contact carrier according to FIG. Second
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are as perspective,
  • FIG. 4 shown as a side view. Some of the figures are described together.
  • FIG. 1 shows a contact carrier 1, at the ends of which a contact piece 2 is fastened.
  • the contact pieces 2 together with the contact carrier 1 can form a movable contact bridge, which is attached within the housing of a switching device such that a contact closure is achieved by moving the contact bridge.
  • the contact surface 3 of the contact pieces 2, that is to say the surface opposite the contact carrier 1 is shown in FIG. 1 brought into contact, not shown, which includes a switching process.
  • a contact carrier 10 is formed from two parallel carrier parts 11 and 12.
  • the associated contact pieces 20 are each provided with a Provide slot 21 and attached to the carrier parts 11 and 12 in the slotted state.
  • the button 23 of the contact pieces is designed like the button 3 of the contact pieces 2.
  • the vibration behavior of the contact carrier 10 with the two carrier parts 11 and 12 without erosion of the contact pieces 20 is different from the vibration behavior of the contact carrier 10 due to the Burning of the contact pieces 20 separated carrier parts 11 and 12.
  • the vibration behavior can be detected, for example, by a vibration sensor on the contact bridge.
  • a vibration sensor on the contact bridge.
  • a vibration sensor on the contact bridge.
  • Microphone be installed in the housing of the switchgear.
  • the gap in the contact carrier 10 can also be fitted asymmetrically. This makes the statement of the detection clearer, since with different widths of the carrier parts 11 and 12 there are two different frequencies in the vibration behavior.
  • the division of the contact carrier 10 into the carrier parts 11 and 12 and the slitting of the relevant contact pieces on the movable contact have been carried out. It is possible to apply the principle of division or slitting in a corresponding manner to the fixed contacts, which are likewise fastened on suitably designed contact carriers, and also to design all the contact pieces as slits. The detection sensitivity can be improved if necessary.
  • the voltage between the two parts 11 and 12 of the contact carrier 10 of FIG. Measure 2, whereby if there is sufficient contact erosion, a measurable voltage signal is present at least during the switching process, which can be evaluated.
  • FIG. 3 is the contact carrier 10 with the divided carrier parts 11 and 12 and the contact pieces 20 according to FIG. 2 in the contact closure with fixed contact pieces 30 on indicated contact carriers 31, via which, for example, a phase of a line system is switched, shown in a corresponding perspective.
  • the back of the carrier parts 11 and 12 is short-circuited via a resistor 13 and a photodiode 16.
  • a phototransistor 17 in the device housing is assigned to the photodiode 16.
  • FIG. 4 is a corresponding to FIG. 2 trained contact carrier 10 with carrier parts 11 and 12 and related contact pieces 20 with the associated fixed contact pieces 30 shown on contact carriers 31 in side view.
  • the switching bridge thus formed is usually actuated for the switching process by means of an electromagnet 40 with armature 42 and yoke 43.
  • an actuating rod 41 is connected to the armature 42, which connects the yoke 43 of the elec- tro agneten 40 is opposite.
  • the yoke 43 of the electromagnet 40 has a coil 44 for electrical actuation. It has been shown that the vibration of the contact carrier 10 is noticeable as harmonics in the coil current of the actuating magnet 40. If through the
  • the frequencies of the harmonics in the coil current also change.
  • the relevant frequencies can be detected by suitable filters.

Landscapes

  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)

Abstract

Des appareils de commutation avec pièces de contact fixés dans un boîtier d'appareil de commutation sur un porte-contacts peuvent comporter des moyens servant à surveiller l'usure des contacts. Selon cette invention, le porte-contacts (10, 11, 12) est divisé, les pièces de contact (20) étant fendues à l'arrière et fixées sur le porte-contacts (11, 12). Il est ainsi possible de détecter en particulier le comportement oscillatoire du porte-contacts et d'utiliser ces données pour mesurer l'usure des pièces de contact (20).
EP94908954A 1993-03-22 1994-03-10 Appareil de commutation, en particulier disjoncteur de protection ou de coupure en charge Expired - Lifetime EP0691028B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4309177 1993-03-22
DE4309177A DE4309177A1 (de) 1993-03-22 1993-03-22 Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schütz- oder Leistungsschalter
PCT/DE1994/000244 WO1994022153A1 (fr) 1993-03-22 1994-03-10 Appareil de commutation, en particulier disjoncteur de protection ou de coupure en charge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0691028A1 true EP0691028A1 (fr) 1996-01-10
EP0691028B1 EP0691028B1 (fr) 1997-05-21

Family

ID=6483478

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94908954A Expired - Lifetime EP0691028B1 (fr) 1993-03-22 1994-03-10 Appareil de commutation, en particulier disjoncteur de protection ou de coupure en charge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5747984A (fr)
EP (1) EP0691028B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08508132A (fr)
DE (2) DE4309177A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994022153A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5590697A (en) * 1994-08-24 1997-01-07 G. T. Products, Inc. Onboard vapor recovery system with two-stage shutoff valve
EP0787305B1 (fr) * 1994-10-27 1998-05-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commutation avec controle de l'usure d'au moins une piece de contact de commutation
DE19603319A1 (de) * 1996-01-31 1997-08-07 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung
US6538347B1 (en) * 1995-05-15 2003-03-25 Mcgraw-Edison Company Electrical switchgear with synchronous control system and actuator
DE19544926C1 (de) * 1995-12-01 1997-04-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Abbrandes der Kontaktstücke bei einem Schaltgerät
WO1998043333A1 (fr) * 1997-03-26 1998-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif de surveillance selective de reseau dans des installations de commutation
DE29720912U1 (de) * 1997-11-25 1998-01-22 Siemens AG, 80333 München Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kontaktabbrands eines Kontaktstücks
DE10345183B4 (de) * 2003-09-29 2005-10-13 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum Erfassen von Kontaktabbrand in Schaltgeräten
DE102004062266A1 (de) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Betrieb eines Schaltgerätes
DE102005045095A1 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Abbrandes von Kontakten eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgerätes und elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät mit einer nach diesem Verfahren arbeitenden Einrichtung
US8952826B2 (en) * 2012-10-03 2015-02-10 Eaton Corporation Circuit interrupter employing a linear transducer to monitor contact erosion

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1764678U (de) * 1955-08-29 1958-04-10 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur ueberwachung des schaltstueckabbrandes.
US3272949A (en) * 1964-08-14 1966-09-13 Allen Bradley Co Bifurcated parallel contacts for relay
US4225819A (en) * 1978-10-12 1980-09-30 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Circuit board contact contamination probe
DE8126801U1 (de) * 1981-09-14 1982-03-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München "Kontaktanordnung für elektrische Schaltgeräte
US4479117A (en) * 1982-09-24 1984-10-23 Eaton Corporation Add-on state indicator for an enclosed D.C. power relay
US4700082A (en) * 1985-05-08 1987-10-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit breaker
DE3714802A1 (de) * 1987-05-04 1988-11-17 Siemens Ag Elektrischer schalter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9422153A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0691028B1 (fr) 1997-05-21
DE4309177A1 (de) 1994-09-29
JPH08508132A (ja) 1996-08-27
US5747984A (en) 1998-05-05
DE59402836D1 (de) 1997-06-26
WO1994022153A1 (fr) 1994-09-29

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