EP0682651A1 - Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and use of the esters so prepared as adhesives - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and use of the esters so prepared as adhesives

Info

Publication number
EP0682651A1
EP0682651A1 EP94902999A EP94902999A EP0682651A1 EP 0682651 A1 EP0682651 A1 EP 0682651A1 EP 94902999 A EP94902999 A EP 94902999A EP 94902999 A EP94902999 A EP 94902999A EP 0682651 A1 EP0682651 A1 EP 0682651A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acid
esters
process according
cyanoacrylate
cyanoacrylates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94902999A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Valery Alexandrovich Dyatlov
Georgy Arkadievich Katz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EUROTAX Ltd
Original Assignee
EUROTAX Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IE930599A external-priority patent/IE930599A1/en
Application filed by EUROTAX Ltd filed Critical EUROTAX Ltd
Publication of EP0682651A1 publication Critical patent/EP0682651A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C255/23—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and carboxyl groups, other than cyano groups, bound to the same unsaturated acyclic carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0834—Compounds having one or more O-Si linkage
    • C07F7/0838—Compounds with one or more Si-O-Si sequences

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid, including long chain esters, and the use of the esters so prepared. Many of these esters are novel compounds.
  • Cyanoacrylate esters are the main constituent of instant or rapid 10 bonding adhesives, commonly known as 'superglues'. Bonding in the case of such adhesives results from the conversion of a low viscosity liquid to a solid polymer by anionic polymerisation. Cyanoacrylate esters are also used for the manufacture of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles and nanocapsules used as drug and other active agent 15 carrier systems.
  • free radical stabiliser such as methylhydroquinone
  • Free radical polymerisation can be initiated, for example, by exposure to light.
  • the Knoevenagel method is limited to the preparation of alkyl cyanoacrylates which have an alkyl moiety with no more than ten carbon atoms. Above ten carbon atoms, the monomers cease to be distillable at temperatures below their respective thermal destruction temperatures.
  • n-octyl cyanoacrylate is the monomer with the greatest number of carbon atoms that has been reported in the literature to have been prepared by the Knoevenagel method and has been used in the preparation of a medical adhesive (Kublin, K.S. and Miguel, F.M., (1970) J. Amer. Vet. Med. Ass. Vol. 156, No. 3, p.313- 8 and Alco, J.J. and DeRenzis, F.A., (1971) J. Pharmacol. Ther. Dent. Vol. 1, No. 3, p.129-32).
  • multifunctional cyanoacrylates such as bis cyanoacrylates, cannot be synthesised because they are non-distillable below their thermal destruction temperatures.
  • a method for the preparation of bis cyanoacrylates which are indicated to be useful as thermally and moisture resistant acrylate additives are the subject of U.S. Patent No. 3,903,055.
  • the method can involve essentially three or five steps.
  • ethyl or isobutyl cyanoacrylate is reacted with anthracene to form its stable Diels-Alder anthracene adduct.
  • Basic hydrolysis of the adduct gives the corresponding acid salt from which the corresponding acid is obtained upon acidification.
  • the carboxylic acid is then converted to its acid chloride with thionyl chloride and then reacted with diol to give the bis anthracene diester.
  • Displacement of the adduct by the stronger dienophile maleic anhydride gives bis cyanoacrylates in good yield.
  • this multi-step method is purely a laboratory method and scaling up to a commercially viable level has not proved practicable.
  • Patent Publication DE 34 15 181 Al describes the preparation for the first time of ⁇ -cyanoacrylic acid which can be considered as the obvious precursor for alkylcyanoacrylates.
  • the cyanoacrylic acid is prepared from a cyanoacrylic acid alkyl ester, in which the alkyl group contains from 2-18 carbon atoms, or the Diels-Alder adduct thereof by pyrolysis.
  • the pyrolysis is preferably carried out on silicate-type surfaces such as quartz surfaces.
  • the cyanoacrylic acid so prepared is indicated to be useful for stabilising or regulating the curing time of adhesives based on monomeric cyanoacrylic acid esters. It is also indicated that the cyanoacrylic acid so prepared can be used to prepare the diol esters of the acid. However, there is no indication in the specification as to how this can be accomplished.
  • Patent Publication JP 91 065340 describes a versatile route to pyruvic acid cyanohydrin and its esters as intermediates for the preparation of - cyanoacrylate esters.
  • Patent Publication JP 91 075538 describes ⁇ -acetoxy- ⁇ - cyanopropionic acid esters which can be thermally converted to cyanoacrylate esters by elimination of a molecule of acetic acid.
  • Kandror LI. et al. ((1990) Zh. Obsch. Khemii., Vol. 60, No. 9, p.2160-8) successfully converted ⁇ -cyanoacrylic acid (prepared according to Patent Publication DE 34 15 181 Al) to its acid chloride by the use of phosphorus pentachloride.
  • Other chlorinating agents such as thionyl chloride, were found not to be suitable.
  • the product was obtained as a solution in ⁇ -xylene/toluene. Any attempts to isolate the pure product resulted in its decomposition.
  • Kandror et al. successfully converted the acid chloride in solution to its thioester which spontaneously polymerised upon isolation.
  • Kandror et al. have also successfully converted ⁇ -cyanoacrylic acid to its very unstable trialkylsilyl esters.
  • Cyanoacrylate adhesive monomers such as the most commonly used ethyl ester, can have their physical properties improved by the addition of linear organic polymers. Thus, non-reactive rubbers can be dissolved in such monomers to give adhesive compositions with much improved toughness/impact resistance when cured in the final adhesive bond.
  • improvement in thermal/moisture resistance of rapid bonding cyanoacrylates has only been modest.
  • J.P. Kennedy et al. ((1990) Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. 31(2) p.255-6) prepared a cyanoacrylate-capped polyisobutylene by esterification of a hydroxy-terminated polyisobutylene.
  • the method of U.S. Patent No. 3,903,055 supra was used to generate a multifunctional cyanoacrylate ester monomer which can be used as a glue which . resulted in a copolymer being formed.
  • Such copolymers have desirable properties for the reasons stated in the preceding paragraph.
  • such multifunctional cyanoacrylate monomers cannot be used as improving additives because of their insolubility in cyanoacrylates.
  • Linear polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) are used as thickeners for cyanoacrylate monomers, so that the viscosity of the adhesive can be increased to a desirable level for a particular application.
  • cyanoacrylate-capped poly(alkyl methacrylates) as reactive thickeners would be expected to provide improved thermal/moisture resistance to the final joint and also improve the gap- filling ability of the adhesive.
  • the invention provides a process for the preparation of esters of 2- cyanoacrylic acid, which process comprises reacting 2-cyanoacrylic acid or an acid halide thereof with an alcohol or a phenol in the presence of an inert organic solvent under polymerisation inhibiting conditions and, additionally, in the presence of an acid catalyst when 2- cyanoacrylic acid is a reactant, continually removing the water or hydrohalic acid produced and recovering the ester.
  • the process according to the invention can be used to prepare a wide range of cyanoacrylate esters, including substituted or unsubstituted long chain alkyl cyanoacrylates and multifunctional cyanoacrylates, including bis cyanoacrylates.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out in a simple, rapid and facile, effectively one step process with the attendant advantages.
  • the process according to the invention is a 'one pot' process in contrast with the prior art methods described above with their inherent limitations.
  • alcohol as used herein includes diols and polyols.
  • the preferred acid halide is the acid chloride.
  • the following reaction scheme depicts the reactions involving a) the acid and b) the acid chloride.
  • the acid catalyst is a non- volatile acid stabiliser.
  • the acid catalyst is an anionic non-volatile acid stabiliser such as, for example, an aliphatic sulphomc acid, an aromatic sulphonic acid or a sultone.
  • An essential characteristic of the acid catalyst is that it does not react with the alcohol or phenol.
  • suitable acid catalysts are meth.ane sulphonic acid and -toluene sulphonic acid.
  • the process is carried out under anionic polymerisation inhibiting conditions.
  • anionic polymerisation inhibiting conditions can involve the use of an excess of 2-cyanoacrylic acid, where cyanoacrylic acid is a reactant.
  • the anionic polymerisation inhibiting conditions can involve the use of a weak acid.
  • An especially suitable weak acid is sulphur dioxide, more especially gaseous sulphur dioxide which is bubbled into the reaction mixture, as further demonstrated below.
  • anionic polymerisation inhibitor gaseous sulphur dioxide is bubbled into the reaction mixture as a continuous stream of sulphur dioxide.
  • anionic polymerisation inhibitors include aliphatic sulphonic acids, aromatic sulphonic acids, sultones, carbon dioxide and boron trifluoride.
  • the process is carried out in the presence of a free radical polymerisation inhibitor.
  • a suitable free radical polymerisation inhibitor is benzoquinone, hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone or naphthoquinone.
  • the inert organic solvent can be any inert solvent which does not cause anionic polymerisation of cyanoacrylic acid or its esters.
  • Suitable inert solvents include benzene, hexane, toluene, xylene and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
  • nitroalkanes In the case of acid - catalysed esterification nitroalkanes can be used.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out at a temperature in the range 20-200°C, more especially 80-100°C.
  • esterification reaction is carried out under the conditions hereinabove specified with continual removal of water by azeotropic distillation.
  • the total volume of the reaction solvent is kept constant.
  • the reaction should preferably be carried out in the presence of sulphur dioxide to optimize conditions, because of the tendency of the cyanoacrylate monomers produced to polymerise under the reaction conditions.
  • a cyanoacryolyl halide is a starting compound, an acid catalyst is not required as indicated above.
  • the method of Kandror, LI. (1990) supra can be used so that the cyanoacryolyl halide is reacted with the alcohol or phenol in sulphur dioxide saturated solvent under a dry inert gas such as argon.
  • Suitable inert gases include xenon, helium and nitrogen.
  • the alcohol or phenol is added to the acid halide solution in sulphur dioxide - saturated solvent and the hydrohalic acid is removed as solvent is distilled off preferably under a stream of sulphur dioxide and argon.
  • boron trifluoride As an alternative to sulphur dioxide in the above embodiment, there can be used boron trifluoride.
  • the invention also provides a novel method for the preparation of 2-cyanoacryloyl chloride, which comprises reacting 2-cyanoacrylic acid with phosphorus trichloride.
  • esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid of the general formula I are novel compounds.
  • R is i) Cn or C13 or higher saturated, optionally mono- or polysubstituted, linear-, branched- or cyclo-alkyl; ii) C7-C10 saturated, optionally mono- or polysubstituted, branched alkyl; iii) C7-C10, optionally mono- or polysubstituted, cycloalkyl; iv) C12 saturated, optionally mono- or polysubstituted, branched- or cyclo-alkyl; v) C5 or higher unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, linear-, branched- or cyclo-alkenyl or - alkynyl; vi) C2-C12 substituted alkyl where the or each substituent is a functional group which is not a free hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group esterified by 2- cyanoacrylic acid, or an ether group; vii) C2-C12 substituted alkyl where the alky
  • Substituents can include heteroelements.
  • Functional groups which are representative of those which would normally be used to substitute an R group as hereinabove defined include, for example, halogen, carboxyl, nitrile, acyl-amino, unsaturated and heteroelement-containing groups.
  • the process according to the invention can be used to prepare previously unobtainable, non-distillable cyanoacrylate monomers for a wide variety of uses.
  • Cyanoacrylates prepared in accordance with the invention can be grafted onto polymer backbones to improve properties of said polymers such as thermal resistance.
  • aryl cyanoacrylates prepared in accordance with the invention would inherently be expected to give more thermally resistant bonds on account of their aromaticity and would also be expected to be low viscosity monomers similar to the methyl - and ethyl esters.
  • improvement in thermal resistance of rapid bonding cyanoacrylates has been only modest.
  • the monomers can be prepared with a high number of ether linkages or multifunctional hydroxyl groups for the preparation of biodegradable drug or other active agent-containing nanocapsules or nanoparticles, more especially nanocapsules.
  • drugs and other active agents can be chemically bound to such cyanoacrylates so as to achieve controlled release/absorption of the active agents with time.
  • cyanoacrylate monomers prepared in accordance with the invention include use in the preparation of a wide range of adhesives, including rapidly biodegradable medical adhesives or adhesives for temporary bonding.
  • cyanoacrylate multifunctionality can be affixed on thermally resistant cyclic phenol formaldehyde resins called calixarenes of the following formula:
  • Anhydride-containing cyanoacrylates may be useful compounds provided functionality is added after removal of acid in the process according to the invention.
  • the relatively low resistance of cyanoacrylate bonds is due in part to shrinkage as monomer is converted to polymer. It is postulated that shrinkage on cure by cyanoacrylates (to polymer on bonding two surfaces together) and resultant stress cracking on heating can be minimised by incorporation of cyanoacrylate functionality into Bailey's spiroorthocarbonate monomers which expand upon cure (polymerisation). Acrylic rubbers have been incorporated into cyanoacrylate compositions to improve thermal resistance and impact strength and thus make them tougher, because cyanoacrylates are brittle in bonds. Further improvement in these properties may result from grafting cyanoacrylate functionality onto the acrylic rubber or nitrile rubber.
  • Compatibility with regular ethyl/methyl cyanoacrylate monomer would be improved by increasing the phenyl content of the silicone backbone with additionally an expected improvement in thermal resistance and oxygen permeability.
  • the latter property is of particular interest as regards the oxygen permeability of wound dressings. More rubbery and flexible bonds may result, which property is particularly important in bonding highly dissimilar surfaces.
  • cyanoacrylate functionality onto a silicone backbone also has application in instant dental adhesives which could be formed in this manner and which would be stable in an aqueous environment.
  • liquid silicon containing cyanoacrylate monomers would be expected to possess an improved capacity for bonding RTV (Room Temperature Vulcanizing) silicone surfaces together depicted as follows:
  • Long alkyl chain cyanoacrylates prepared in accordance with the invention as additives may also provide improved moisture resistance of existing cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions and improved bonding to polyethylene as indicated by the following structural formula:
  • Another aspect of the present invention is the bonding of difficult plastics. While polyethylene can be bonded with cyanoacrylate by prior application of amine primer, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and cyanoacrylate can only be bonded together with the greatest of difficulty employing plasma etching or by the use of highly toxic metal carbonyl primers. Employment of fluorine-containing alkyl cyanoacrylates as depicted by the following structural formula:
  • adhesion to polyvinyl acetate could be improved by an additive prepared by grafting cyanoacrylate units onto a. partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate backbone on free hydroxy groups as follows:
  • Bonding of perspex poly(methyl methacrylate) to itself may be improved by employment of a poly(methyl methacrylate) containing grafted cyanoacrylate units as follows:
  • Poly(methyl methacrylate) is, in fact, used as a thickener for cyanoacrylates and strength reduction of bonds utilising this inert non- reactive filler may be overcome by use of the above active compound. More importantly the gap filling ability of normal cyanoacrylate monomers is very poor, even thickened versions containing poly(methyl methacrylate) and thioxotropic cyanoacrylate compositions containing silanised silica. This gap filling property could be substantially improved by use of the additive having the above indicated structural formula. Multifunctional methacrylates have already been shown to confer some (again modest) improvement in thermal resistance as additives with cyanoacrylate monomers, provided that a free radical curing agent is incorporated into the composition. Having the cyanoacrylate functionality attached directly to the multifunctional methacrylate in one molecule as depicted in the following formula is expected to provide some benefits over the two separate ingredients and is an example of the versatility of the process according to the invention:
  • Such a molecule would be anionically and free-radically curing and would be expected to provide an instant cyanoacrylate with improved gap filling capability. Polymerisation of methacrylates is also accelerated in the absence of air.
  • Adhesion to Valox (a condensation product of 1,4-butanediol and dimethyl terephthalate) used for electronic trimmers in the microelectronics industry, may be improved by additives prepared by grafting cyanoacrylate functionality onto polyvinyl formal resins, which is a technique which has been successfully employed for methacrylates, illustrated as follows:
  • adhesion to glass would be the result of incorporation of alkoxysilyl functionality into the cyanoacrylate monomer provided acid is removed following the esterification reaction, depicted as follows:
  • fine tuning could be made of the refractive index thereof when polymerised for bonding glass lenses together.
  • New low or "pleasant" odour cyanoacrylates may result from chemically binding cyanoacrylate to "fragrance” compounds such as vanillin as follows:
  • Variation of the substituent R in the cyanoacrylate esters prepared in accordance with the invention means that one can vary the hydrophilicity of the polymer and hence control the rate of breakdown by hydrolysis which is rapid when R is for example
  • Blooming or turning white on surfaces can be a problem with cyanoacrylates but with the infinite variety of monomers resulting from the process in accordance with the invention, this problem is more likely to be overcome. Bonding of liquid crystal materials might be accomplished by the use of sterol-containing cyanoacrylates.
  • drugs and other active agents may be chemically bound into the cyanoacrylate molecule. Following its polymerisation, release of the active agent occurs by the hydrolytic breakdown in the body of the polycyanoacrylate. It is postulated that great control over such release could be achieved by chemical incorporation of the active agent, for example cortisone, into the polycyanoacrylate, for example, as follows:
  • hydroxy-functional antibiotics/antifungal agents could be chemically bound into cyanoacrylates to provide additives for cyanoacrylate products for wounds, preventing infection while healing takes place.
  • Antibiotic would not leach out as it would as a simple additive, but would remain only as long as the polycyanoacrylate bond lasts and the wound has healed naturally with accumulation of connective tissue.
  • prepared in accordance with the invention may be useful as additives to control the setting times of cyanoacry late-based adhesive compositions.
  • Example 3 In a similar manner to that followed in Example 3 into a flask with stirrer, a sulphur dioxide inlet system, a dry dosing funnel and a Liebig condenser with a receiver flask for collection of azeotrope was added 9.8 g (0.1 mole) of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and 0.2 g p-toluene- sulphonic acid, 0.1 g methylhydroquinone and 250 ml dry benzene.
  • the mixture was heated to reflux with stirring and continuous sparging with sulphur dioxide and gradually 0.372 g ethyleneglycol (0.06 mole) in 200 ml benzene was added at the same rate at which an azeotropic mixture of benzene and water was distilled off.
  • the dosing funnel was charged with 200 ml sulphur dioxide inhibited anhydrous toluene containing 1.24 g (0.02 mole) of ethylene glycol.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 20°C with a fast stream of sulphur dioxide and dry argon. Then the ethylene glycol solution was added with stirring.
  • the mixture was stirred under vacuum with the stream of sulphur dioxide and argon while toluene was distilled off with the hydrochloric acid. Additional toluene was added dropwise from the dosing funnel. After addition of the toluene excess solvent was distilled off under vacuum.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with a stirrer, a thermometer, argon and sulphur dioxide inlet adaptors, a dosing funnel protected with a drying tube and a Liebig condenser arranged for distillation, and was charged with 150 ml of anhydrous toluene and 0.05 g of hydroquinone.
  • the mixture was refluxed, stirred and sparged with argon, while 1 g of 2-cyanoacrylic acid was added.
  • 20 ml of water-toluene azeotrope was distilled off, and then 2.2 g of phosphorus pentachloride in 50 ml of dry toluene was added dropwise with constant distillation of toluene.
  • the hydroxypropylmethacrylate used in this preparation was an approximately 2 : 1 mixture of 2-hy droxypropy 1-1 -methacrylate and 1- hydroxypropyl-2-methacrylate.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with a stirrer, a thermometer, argon inlet adaptor, dosing funnel protected with a drying tube, and Liebig condenser arranged for distillation.
  • the flask was charged with 150 ml of anhydrous toluene and 0.05 g of hydroquinone.
  • the mixture was refluxed while 1 g of 2-cyanoacrylic acid was added with stirring and sparging with argon. About 20 ml of toluene-water azeotrope was distilled off.
  • the poly(butadiene)diol used in this preparation was a hydroxy terminated resin of MW 2800 containing 60% trans- ⁇ ,4-, 20% cw-1,4- and 20% 1,2- vinyl units.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, argon and sulphur dioxide inlet adaptors, a dosing funnel protected with a drying tube and a Liebig condenser arranged for distillation, and was charged with 150 ml of anhydrous benzene and 0.05 g of hydroquinone. The mixture was brought to reflux, stirred and sparged with argon, and 1 g of 2-cyanoacrylic acid was added. About 20 ml of benzene-water azeotrope was distilled off and then 2.2 g of phosphorus pentachloride dissolved in 50 ml of dry benzene was added dropwise with stirring and constant removal of benzene by distillation.
  • This polymer was soluble in benzene, toluene, chloroform, hexane and heptane, but practically insoluble in alcohol, diethyl ether or ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate. Its solubility characteristics were retained when it was stored in a freezer, but cross-linking with accompanying loss of solubility took place on heating.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with mechanical stirrer, thermometer, argon and sulphur dioxide inlet adaptors, dosing funnel protected with a drying tube, and Liebig condenser arranged for distillation.
  • the flask was charged with 250 ml of anhydrous toluene, and 1 g of 2- cyanoacrylic acid was added to the boiling solvent with stirring and sparging with argon.
  • 20 ml of toluene/water azeotrope was removed by distillation and 2.2 g of phosphorus pentachloride dissolved in 50 ml of dry benzene was then added dropwise with stirring and constant removal of benzene by distillation.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, argon and sulphur dioxide inlet adaptors, a dosing funnel protected with a drying tube and a Liebig condenser arranged for distillation.
  • the flask was charged with 150 ml of anhydrous benzene and 0.05 g of hydroquinone, and then 1.0 g of 2-cyanoacrylic acid was added to the refluxing mixture with stirring and sparging using argon.
  • a 500 ml flask was fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, argon and sulphur dioxide inlet adaptors, a dosing funnel protected with a drying tube, and a Liebig condenser arranged for distillation.
  • the flask was charged with 150 ml of anhydrous benzene and 0.05 g of hydroquinone, and then 1.0 g of 2-cyanoacryUc acid was added to the refluxing mixture with stirring and sparging using argon.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
EP94902999A 1993-01-11 1994-01-10 Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and use of the esters so prepared as adhesives Withdrawn EP0682651A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU93001196 1993-01-11
RU93001196 1993-01-11
IE930599 1993-08-10
IE930599A IE930599A1 (en) 1993-08-10 1993-08-10 Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid¹and use of the esters so prepared
PCT/IE1994/000002 WO1994015907A1 (en) 1993-01-11 1994-01-10 Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and use of the esters so prepared as adhesives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0682651A1 true EP0682651A1 (en) 1995-11-22

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EP94902999A Withdrawn EP0682651A1 (en) 1993-01-11 1994-01-10 Process for the preparation of esters of 2-cyanoacrylic acid and use of the esters so prepared as adhesives

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EP (1) EP0682651A1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH08505383A (ja)
KR (1) KR960700221A (ja)
AU (1) AU5714294A (ja)
CA (1) CA2153342A1 (ja)
PL (1) PL310073A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1994015907A1 (ja)

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IE940864A1 (en) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-15 Saldane Ltd Process for the purification of non-enolisable esters
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WO1996039469A1 (de) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Cyanacrylat-klebstoff
DE19640202A1 (de) 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 Henkel Kgaa Cyanacrylat-Klebstoff
EP1137389A1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-10-04 Dentsply International, Inc. Dental composition
US7341716B2 (en) 2002-04-12 2008-03-11 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Occlusive composition
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AU5714294A (en) 1994-08-15
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WO1994015907A1 (en) 1994-07-21
KR960700221A (ko) 1996-01-19
JPH08505383A (ja) 1996-06-11

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