EP0679046B1 - Circuit pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse-pression - Google Patents

Circuit pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse-pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0679046B1
EP0679046B1 EP95103597A EP95103597A EP0679046B1 EP 0679046 B1 EP0679046 B1 EP 0679046B1 EP 95103597 A EP95103597 A EP 95103597A EP 95103597 A EP95103597 A EP 95103597A EP 0679046 B1 EP0679046 B1 EP 0679046B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
circuit
diodes
circuit arrangement
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95103597A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0679046A1 (fr
Inventor
Eugen Statnic
Gunther Dr. Löhmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0679046A1 publication Critical patent/EP0679046A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0679046B1 publication Critical patent/EP0679046B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/355—Power factor correction [PFC]; Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating low-pressure discharge lamps according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • high-frequency operation enables of low-pressure discharge lamps compared to lamp operation at mains frequency a significant reduction in the size of the control gear and improved Operating conditions for the lamps, e.g. B. better ignition behavior, no flickering and higher luminous efficacy, but on the other hand requires more circuitry, for sufficient radio interference suppression and as sinusoidal as possible Ensure grid current draw with a power factor close to one.
  • a circuit arrangement corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 is for example disclosed in European patent EP 0 372 303. It contains a half-bridge inverter with two alternating switching transistors whose center tap is a series resonance circuit consisting of resonance inductance, Coupling capacitor and resonance capacitance is connected. In the series resonance circuit a low-pressure discharge lamp is also integrated. Also points this circuit has an active harmonic filter that complies with the IEC regulations guaranteed sinusoidal mains current draw. This harmonic filter will formed by four diodes, which are interconnected like a bridge rectifier and in the forward DC direction between the DC voltage output of the mains voltage rectifier and the positive pole of the one feeding the inverter Smoothing capacitor are integrated in the circuit.
  • the four diodes of the Harmonic filters interrupt the charge transport to the smoothing capacitor in the Switching cycle of the inverter.
  • the diodes are controlled in each case via the center tap between the diodes connected in series.
  • the Center tap of a first pair of diodes is here on the one hand via a pump capacitor directly to the center tap of the half-bridge inverter and on the other hand another pump capacitor between the resonance inductor and the coupling capacitor led to a tap in the series resonance circuit, during the Center tap of the second pair of diodes via a DC isolating capacitor and an inductor is connected to a tap in the series resonance circuit.
  • this circuit arrangement allows an almost sinusoidal mains current draw and achieve a network power factor greater than 0.9.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention contains an inverter with a downstream LC output circuit, in which a low-pressure discharge lamp is integrated is.
  • the inverter is connected to a high-frequency filter, a mains voltage rectifier and one, parallel to the DC voltage output of the mains voltage rectifier horizontal smoothing capacitor supplied with DC voltage.
  • a high-frequency bridge rectifier in the forward DC direction, consisting of two arranged parallel to each other Series connections of two diodes integrated into the circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention has a storage inductor which between the positive pole of the DC voltage output of the mains voltage rectifier and the input of the high frequency bridge rectifier inserted into the circuit is.
  • the center tap between the first two diodes connected in series is connected to a first lamp electrode via a negative feedback capacitance, during the center tap between the two second diodes connected in series to the second lamp electrode and to the negative pole via a backup capacitor of the smoothing capacitor connected.
  • the Storage choke at the input of the high-frequency bridge rectifier also exercises a step-up effect, so that the circuit arrangement according to the invention especially for the operation of low pressure discharge lamps with comparatively high operating voltage, e.g. B., for the operation of miniature fluorescent lamps and Fluorescent lamps with a sharp rise in operating voltage during the aging process, is suitable.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention has also one parallel to the DC voltage output of the mains voltage rectifier switched capacitor, which together with the storage inductor Low pass forms.
  • This low-pass filter allows the high-frequency to be further weakened Voltage components on the mains connection side of the circuit arrangement.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is also for Operation of miniature fluorescent lamps suitable, their electrodes during operation are exposed to a particularly high thermal load because these lamps compared to T8 or T10 fluorescent lamps, a much higher power density exhibit.
  • the highly schematic Figure 1 illustrates the principle of the invention Circuit arrangement.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention contains a Mains connection connected radio interference suppression filter FI with a downstream mains voltage rectifier GL, to whose DC voltage output a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel.
  • the circuit arrangement has an inverter WR with an LC output circuit, consisting of a resonance inductor LR, a resonance capacitance CR, a coupling capacitor CK and a low pressure discharge lamp L by a smoothing capacitor C2, which is parallel to Input of the inverter WR and parallel to the DC voltage output of the Mains voltage rectifier GL is switched.
  • the positive output of the mains voltage rectifier GL is also via a storage choke L1 and a high-frequency rectifier bridge, that formed by the four diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 is, with the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 and with an input of the Inverter WR and via the resonance capacitance CR with a tap in the LC output circuit of the inverter WR connected.
  • the high-frequency rectifier bridge interrupts the charging of the smoothing capacitor C2 in the switching rhythm of the inverter WR.
  • the high-frequency rectifier bridge is controlled via the center taps between the diodes D1, D2 and between the diodes D3, D4.
  • the potential at the center tap of the diodes D1, D2 is due to the voltage drop determined on the negative feedback capacitor CG, which with the center tap between the diodes D1, D2 and with a tap in the electrode heating circuit, consisting of the Electrode filaments E1, E2 and a heating capacitor CL, is connected.
  • the center tap of the diode pair D3, D4 is on the one hand directly with the lamp electrode E2 and on the other hand via a support capacitor CS with the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 connected.
  • the voltage drop across the support capacitor CS is proportional to the lamp current and determines the potential at the center tap between the diodes D3, D4 and thus the blocking behavior of this diode pair.
  • the parallel diode D5 connected to the support capacitor CS clamps the negative components of the Support capacitor voltage to the zero line, d. that is, to the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2.
  • the diodes D1 and D3 remain in the blocked and the diodes D2 and D4 in the conductive State, so that the charging of the smoothing capacitor C2 from the line rectifier GL is interrupted.
  • the instantaneous value of the mains voltage lies above the voltages at the negative feedback CG or support capacitor CS, see above the diode branches D1, D2 or D3, D4 are transparent and the smoothing capacitor C2 is supplied via the mains voltage rectifier GL.
  • the coupling capacitor CK is recharged and accordingly the state of charge of the capacitors CG and CS also changes, so that with suitable dimensioning of the components of the LC output circuit and the Capacitors CG, CS and the storage choke L1, the high-frequency rectifier bridge the charging of the smoothing capacitor C2 in the switching rhythm of the inverter WR interrupts.
  • the storage choke L1 has a step-up effect, by during the pass phase of the high frequency rectifier bridge releases the energy stored in its magnetic field to the smoothing capacitor C2.
  • the storage choke L1 forms together with the parallel to the output of the Mains voltage rectifier GL switched capacitor C1 a low pass, the high-frequency voltage components further weakened.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed circuit diagram of a particularly preferred embodiment the circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • Main component of this circuit is a self-oscillating, current-feedback half-bridge inverter with two alternating switching transistors T1, T2, its supply voltage from the smoothing capacitor C2 connected in parallel with its input.
  • the smoothing capacitor C2 is connected via a radio interference filter FI and a rectifier GL with an output capacitor connected in parallel to its DC voltage output Cl and the high-frequency rectifier bridge D1, D2, D3, D4 from Mains fed.
  • a radio interference filter FI and a rectifier GL with an output capacitor connected in parallel to its DC voltage output Cl and the high-frequency rectifier bridge D1, D2, D3, D4 from Mains fed.
  • LC output circuit in particular a series resonance circuit consisting of a resonance inductor LR, a coupling capacitor CK and a resonance capacitance CR connected.
  • the primary winding RKA is one in the series resonance circuit Toroidal transformer integrated.
  • a T2 miniature fluorescent lamp is parallel to the resonance capacity CR L switched with a power consumption of 13 watts.
  • the Synonym "T2" means that the fluorescent lamp L has a diameter (vertical to the discharge path) of approx. 2/8 inch (approx. 7 mm).
  • the trained as spirals Lamp electrodes E1, E2 are each with their second connection via a Sidac SI and a PTC thermistor R connected together. They form together with these components a heating circuit lying parallel to the resonance capacitance CR, the one Preheating of the electrode filaments E1, E2 before lamp ignition enables.
  • the Sidac SI interrupts the heating circuit, so that the PTC thermistor R is switched out of the LC output circuit of the inverter.
  • the Discharge path of the fluorescent lamp L is parallel to the resonance capacitance CR and connected in parallel to the series connection of Sidac SI and PTC thermistor R. Closed becomes the series resonance circuit consisting of the components RKA, LR, CK and CR of the half-bridge inverter T1, T2 via a backup capacitor CS, the a connection with the resonance capacitance CR and the first connection of the Lamp electrode E2 is connected, and its other connection to the negative pole of the Smoothing capacitor C2 and to the negative output of the mains voltage rectifier GL is led.
  • the electrode filaments El, E2 of the lamp L are therefore not in the Series resonance circuit integrated and are therefore only after lamp ignition flowed through by the discharge current.
  • the primary winding RKA of the toroidal transformer controls the switching behavior of the Transistors T1, T2 via the integrated in the respective base circuit of the transistors T1, T2 Secondary winding RKB or RKC and the basic series resistors R1, R4.
  • the transistor half bridge also includes the emitter resistors R3, R6 Resistors R2, R5 and the only connected in parallel to the base-emitter path schematically illustrated starting circuit ST, which starts the inverter triggers.
  • a detailed description of how the half-bridge inverter works, including the start circuit ST, can be found for example in the Book "Schaltnetzmaschine" by W. Hirschmann / A. Hauenstein, ed. Siemens AG, edition 1990 on page 63.
  • Resistors R2 and R5 only improve that Switching behavior of the transistors T1, T2, by removing the charge carriers faster from the space charge zone of the base-emitter interface.
  • High-frequency rectifier bridge consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, which in DC forward direction between the positive output of the line rectifier GL and the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 integrated into the circuit is.
  • the diodes D1 and D2, like the diodes D3 and D4, are in series switched to each other.
  • the diode pair D1, D2 is parallel to the diode pair D3, D4 arranged.
  • the anode connections of the diodes D1, D3 are via a storage inductor L1 connected to the positive output of the mains voltage rectifier GL.
  • the Cathode connections of the diodes D2, D4 are with the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 and connected to the collector of transistor T1.
  • the center tap between the diodes D1, D2 is in each case connected via a negative feedback capacitor CG a connection of the coupling capacitor CK and the resonance capacitance CR and connected to the first connection of the electrode coil El.
  • the center tap between the diodes D3, D4 is on the one hand directly to the connection point of resonance capacitance CR and electrode coil E2 connected and the other via the support capacitor CS with the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 and with connected to the negative output of the mains voltage rectifier GL.
  • Parallel to Support capacitor CS is connected to a diode D5, the negative components of the Support capacitor voltage clamps to the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2.
  • the high-frequency rectifier bridge interrupts the Charging of the smoothing capacitor C2 in the switching rhythm of the half-bridge inverter.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention has a safety shutdown, the inverter if the lamp is defective or in the event of an abnormal one Operating state switches off.
  • An essential part of this safety shutdown is a thyristor TH, whose control electrode is controlled by a diac DI.
  • Thyristor TH is on the one hand via an ohmic holding resistor R10 with the collector of the transistor T1 and on the other hand with the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 connected.
  • the control electrode of the thyristor TH is via the diac DI and an electrolytic capacitor C3 with the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2 connected.
  • the base connection of transistor T1 is via a diode D6 and a ohmic resistor R7 connected to the anode of thyristor TH.
  • Parallel voltage dividing resistors R15, R16, R17 are connected to the smoothing capacitor C2.
  • the center tap between the resistors R15 and R16 is via a diode D8 connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3.
  • the center tap between the negative feedback capacitor CG, the electrode coil El, the Coupling capacitor CK and the resonance capacitance CR is across the resistors R8, R9 and R11 connected to the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2.
  • Of the Center tap between the resistors R9 and R11 is connected via a diode D7 connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3.
  • an ohmic resistor R13 is also connected.
  • the center tap between the control electrode of the thyristor TH and the diac DI is via an ohmic Resistor R14 connected to the negative pole of smoothing capacitor C2.
  • the voltage divider R15, R16, R17 detects the voltage drop across the smoothing capacitor C2. If this exceeds a predetermined critical value, the Electrolytic capacitor C3 is charged via diode D8 to the breakover voltage of Diacs DI and the thyristor TH turns on, so that the base of the transistor T1 with is connected to the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C2. This will Transistor T1 withdraws the control signal and the half-bridge inverter is switched off.
  • the voltage divider R8, R9, R11 detects the ignition or Operating voltage of the miniature fluorescent lamp L.
  • the electrolytic capacitor C3 via the diode D7 also to the breakover voltage of Diacs DI charged so that the thyristor TH turns on and the transistor T1 the control signal is withdrawn.
  • the resistor R13 and the electrolytic capacitor C3 define a time constant so that the thyristor TH during the ignition phase the lamp L is not activated.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Montage pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse pression comportant
    un raccordement au réseau,
    un filtre antiparasite (FI),
    un redresseur de tension de réseau (GL),
    un onduleur (WR) qui est raccordé à la sortie de tension continue du redresseur de tension de réseau (GL) et qui a un circuit de sortie LC,
    un condensateur de lissage (C2) parallèle à l'entrée de l'onduleur (WR),
    au moins une lampe à décharge basse pression (L) intégrée dans le circuit de sortie LC de l'onduleur (WR),
    un redresseur à pont haute fréquence, constitué de deux circuits série agencés en parallèle et composés chacun de deux diodes (D1, D2 ; D3, D4) qui sont intégrées au montage dans le sens direct de courant continu entre la sortie de tension continue du redresseur de tension de réseau (GL) et le condensateur de lissage (C2),
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le montage comporte une bobine de stockage (L1) qui est reliée au pôle positif de la sortie de tension continue du redresseur de tension de réseau (GL) et aux bornes d'anodes des diodes (D1, D3) du redresseur à pont haute fréquence (D1, D2 ; D3, D4),
    la prise médiane entre les deux premières diodes (D1, D2) branchées en série est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur de contre-réaction (CG) à une première électrode de lampe (E1),
    la prise médiane entre les deux secondes diodes (D3, D4) branchées en série est raccordée à la deuxième électrode de lampe (E2) et, par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur de soutien (CS), au pôle négatif du condensateur de lissage (C2).
  2. Montage pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse pression selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comporte un condensateur (C1) qui est branché en parallèle avec la sortie de tension continue du redresseur de tension de réseau (GL).
  3. Montage pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse pression selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comporte un tube fluorescent (L) avec des filaments formant électrode (E1, E2) pouvant être préchauffés.
  4. Montage pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse pression selon les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé par le fait que
    l'onduleur (WR) est un onduleur à demi-pont avec deux transistors de commutation (T1, T2) commutant en alternance et le circuit de sortie LC contient au moins une inductance à résonance (LR), un condensateur à résonance (CR) et un condensateur de liaison (CK),
    une première borne du premier filament formant électrode (E1) est reliée par l'intermédiaire du condensateur de contre-réaction (CG) à la prise médiane entre les diodes (D1, D2),
    la première borne du premier filament formant électrode (E1) est raccordée par l'intermédiaire du condensateur à résonance (CR) à la prise médiane entre les diodes (D3, D4),
    la première borne du premier filament formant électrode (E1) est reliée par l'intermédiaire du condensateur de liaison (CK) et de l'inductance à résonance (LR) à la prise médiane entre les transistors de commutation (T1, T2) de l'onduleur (WR),
    une première borne du deuxième filament formant électrode (E2) est raccordée au condensateur à résonance (CR) et à la prise médiane entre les diodes (D3, D4),
    la deuxième borne du premier filament formant électrode (E1) est reliée par l'intermédiaire de composants (SI, R) d'un circuit de chauffage d'électrode à la deuxième borne du deuxième filament formant électrode (E2).
  5. Montage pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse pression selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comporte un coupe-circuit de sécurité qui met hors circuit le montage dans le cas d'un état de fonctionnement anormal.
EP95103597A 1994-03-25 1995-03-13 Circuit pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse-pression Expired - Lifetime EP0679046B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4410492 1994-03-25
DE4410492A DE4410492A1 (de) 1994-03-25 1994-03-25 Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb von Niederdruckentladungslampen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0679046A1 EP0679046A1 (fr) 1995-10-25
EP0679046B1 true EP0679046B1 (fr) 1999-06-02

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EP95103597A Expired - Lifetime EP0679046B1 (fr) 1994-03-25 1995-03-13 Circuit pour alimenter des lampes à décharge basse-pression

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US (1) US5521467A (fr)
EP (1) EP0679046B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3599823B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4410492A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4410492A1 (de) 1995-09-28
DE59506071D1 (de) 1999-07-08
US5521467A (en) 1996-05-28
EP0679046A1 (fr) 1995-10-25
JP3599823B2 (ja) 2004-12-08
JPH07272885A (ja) 1995-10-20

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