EP0674951B1 - Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, et produit métallique ainsi obtenu - Google Patents
Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, et produit métallique ainsi obtenu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0674951B1 EP0674951B1 EP94400639A EP94400639A EP0674951B1 EP 0674951 B1 EP0674951 B1 EP 0674951B1 EP 94400639 A EP94400639 A EP 94400639A EP 94400639 A EP94400639 A EP 94400639A EP 0674951 B1 EP0674951 B1 EP 0674951B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- metal
- layer
- varnish
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/546—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
- B05D2350/60—Adding a layer before coating
- B05D2350/65—Adding a layer before coating metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2502/00—Acrylic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12375—All metal or with adjacent metals having member which crosses the plane of another member [e.g., T or X cross section, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
- Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
- Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods of recovery of metal parts or structures at by means of a powder coating thermosetting, based on polyester or epoxy resin or a mixture of the two, as well as metal products thus coated.
- Such a coating has in particular for aim of improving the aesthetic appearance of the pieces and ensure their protection against risk of corrosion.
- the application of the coating as well provided is produced by spraying the powder thermosetting, by means of an electrostatic gun, on the parts to be covered, then passage of the latter in an oven heated to a temperature of about 220 ° C to cure the coating.
- the coating thus applied has the disadvantage of having insufficient resistance to against shocks as well as abrasion. It is therefore particularly inconvenient when such a coating is provided on objects essentially made up of assembled wires, liable to undergo shock or friction as is the case, for example, for supermarket trolleys, baskets transport, etc ... In addition, this type of coating has insufficient resistance against risk of corrosion from chemicals or even simply atmospheric agents.
- FR-A-2341374 a method for cover metallic articles, mainly zippers, zinc alloy or aluminum, polymer resin powder (epoxy, polyester or polymethacrylate) which is then heated to form a coherent film.
- the article metallic can be previously covered with one or several coats of phenol aldehyde primer or polyester.
- the outer polymer film is intended for facilitate the adhesion of dyes (dye baths).
- the subject of the present invention is a process for coating metal parts or metallic structures essentially made up of wires assembled, which is designed to significantly improve the adhesion conditions of the coating of the type in question and therefore its impact resistance and resistance to abrasion.
- this underbend has the advantage, not only to ensure a very strong bond of the coating external with the corresponding metal part, but also to improve considerably the resistance of the external coating to impacts and risk of abrasion.
- the coating can more easily withstand the risks of cracking, breaking or peeling existing in the case direct application of such a coating to a part metallic.
- the intermediate layer thus constituted can effectively play its role, it its thickness should be between 5 and 25 microns, if the thickness of the external coating is itself of the order of 50 to 200 microns.
- the layer should intermediate has a lower hardness than metal zinc plated so that it is a good sufficient bonding agent to avoid the risk of cracking, breaking or peeling of the coating, when the corresponding parts are subject to impact or abrasion.
- the external coating can be achieved by means of thermosetting powders such as powder marketed under the brand "POLYDROX” by the Company Industrielle de Voisins (69). But this is only a indicative example because it is possible to use many other types of powder composition thermosetting coating, resin-based polyester or epoxy resin, or a mixture of both.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
Description
- l'épaisseur du revêtement est comprise entre 2 et 30 micromètres et de préférence entre 5 et 25 micromètres,
- l'application de la couche d'un vernis acrylique est effectuée au trempé, par trempage des pièces dans un bain dudit vernis,
- l'application de la couche d'un vernis acrylique est effectuée par pulvérisation,
- la polymérisation du vernis acrylique est faite dans un four.
- BUTANOL
- 13,4%
- XYLENE
- 35%
Claims (6)
- Procédé de revêtement de pièces métalliques, ou de structures métalliques essentiellement constituées de fils assemblés, où l'on applique à l'aide d'un pistolet électrostatique, une poudre thermodurcissable, à base d'une résine polyester, d'une résine époxy ou d'un mélange des deux, que l'on polymérise ensuite dans un four, et où l'on avant la projection de cette poudre, effectue successivement les deux opérations suivantes :a.- traitement initial de zingage de la pièce ou structure métallique par un procédé électrolytique,b.- application d'une couche d'un vernis acrylique, puis après séchage ou cuisson ou polymérisation de ce revêtement de vernis, ce revêtement intermédiaire étant apte à servir de sous-couche de liaison entre le métal et le revêtement externe à base de résine polyester, de résine époxy, ou d'un mélange des deux.
- Procédé de revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le vernis acrylique est polymérisé dans un four.
- Procédé de revêtement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur du revêtement intermédiaire en vernis acrylique est comprise entre 2 et 30 micromètres, et de préférence entre 5 et 25 micromètres.
- Procédé de revêtement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'application de la couche de vernis acrylique est effectuée au trempé, par trempage des pièces dans un bain dudit vernis.
- Procédé de revêtement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé on ce que l'application de la couche de vernis acrylique est effectuée par pulvérisation.
- Produit métallique, notament assemblé par soudage de fils métalliques, revêtu par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5.
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9211868A FR2696371B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1992-10-07 | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, à base de résine polyester ou époxy ou d'un mélange des deux et produit métallique ainsi revêtu. |
US08/200,951 US6242105B1 (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-02-23 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coated |
DE69412233T DE69412233T2 (de) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Verfahren zum Beschichten auf metallischen Werkstoffen oder Strukturen, ein wärmehärtendes Pulver und Gegenständen so hergestellt |
ES94400639T ES2122183T3 (es) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Procedimiento de revestimiento de piezas o estructuras metalicas con un polvo termoendurecible, y producto metalico asi obtenido. |
AT94400639T ATE169249T1 (de) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Verfahren zum beschichten auf metallischen werkstoffen oder strukturen, ein wärmehärtendes pulver und gegenständen so hergestellt |
EP94400639A EP0674951B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, et produit métallique ainsi obtenu |
DK94400639T DK0674951T3 (da) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Fremgangsmåde til overtrækning af metalliske emner eller strukturer med et termohærdende pulver, samt herved opnåede metall |
ZA942181A ZA942181B (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-28 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coasted |
IL109176A IL109176A (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-30 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coated |
AU59311/94A AU679718B2 (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thuscoated |
HU9400978A HU213992B (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coated |
JP6092964A JPH07275797A (ja) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | 金属部品を被覆するための方法および該方法で被覆された金属物品 |
CZ94801A CZ285173B6 (cs) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | Způsob potahování kovových součástí a kovový výrobek takto potažený |
CN94104602A CN1087664C (zh) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-07 | 涂布金属制件的方法及这样涂布的金属制品 |
HK98114811A HK1013406A1 (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1998-12-22 | Process for coating metallic workpieces or structure with a thermosetting powder and metallic product thus obtained |
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9211868A FR2696371B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1992-10-07 | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, à base de résine polyester ou époxy ou d'un mélange des deux et produit métallique ainsi revêtu. |
US08/200,951 US6242105B1 (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-02-23 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coated |
EP94400639A EP0674951B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, et produit métallique ainsi obtenu |
ZA942181A ZA942181B (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-28 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coasted |
IL109176A IL109176A (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-30 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thus coated |
JP6092964A JPH07275797A (ja) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | 金属部品を被覆するための方法および該方法で被覆された金属物品 |
CZ94801A CZ285173B6 (cs) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | Způsob potahování kovových součástí a kovový výrobek takto potažený |
AU59311/94A AU679718B2 (en) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-06 | Process for coating metallic parts and metallic product thuscoated |
CN94104602A CN1087664C (zh) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-07 | 涂布金属制件的方法及这样涂布的金属制品 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0674951A1 EP0674951A1 (fr) | 1995-10-04 |
EP0674951B1 true EP0674951B1 (fr) | 1998-08-05 |
Family
ID=27575638
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94400639A Expired - Lifetime EP0674951B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-03-25 | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, et produit métallique ainsi obtenu |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6242105B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0674951B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH07275797A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1087664C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE169249T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU679718B2 (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ285173B6 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69412233T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0674951T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2122183T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2696371B1 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1013406A1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HU213992B (fr) |
IL (1) | IL109176A (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA942181B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2696371B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-10-28 | Caddie Atel Reunis | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, à base de résine polyester ou époxy ou d'un mélange des deux et produit métallique ainsi revêtu. |
US6174426B1 (en) | 1999-08-12 | 2001-01-16 | Usx Corporation | Tin-plated steel with adhesion promoter |
JP2001300407A (ja) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-10-30 | Dainippon Toryo Co Ltd | 線材組立体の塗装方法 |
AU2001266054A1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2002-01-08 | N V. Bekaert S.A. | Reinforced wiper element |
CN1321747C (zh) * | 2005-09-06 | 2007-06-20 | 贵州科盛彩色喷涂有限公司 | 在户外金属表面喷涂防腐彩色双涂层的方法 |
CN101108942B (zh) * | 2007-08-14 | 2011-02-09 | 上海造漆厂 | 一种耐溶剂静电喷涂丙烯酸烘漆的制备方法 |
UA117592C2 (uk) | 2013-08-01 | 2018-08-27 | Арселорміттал | Пофарбований оцинкований сталевий лист та спосіб його виготовлення |
CN105080808A (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-11-25 | 柳州市亿瑞物资有限责任公司 | 一种聚氨酯漆的涂覆方法 |
CN110624787A (zh) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-31 | 中山市天青色厨卫科技有限公司 | 一种环保无水电镀基材的制作工艺 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3891471A (en) | 1972-05-01 | 1975-06-24 | Robertson Bauelemente Gmbh | Method of making protected galvanized steel sheeting |
AU476311B2 (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1976-09-16 | Robertson Bauelemente G.M.B.H. | Method of making protected galvanized steel sheeting |
US4251582A (en) | 1974-08-28 | 1981-02-17 | Textron Inc. | Dyeable and dyed polymer-coated articles |
US3953644A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-04-27 | Ford Motor Company | Powa--method for coating and product |
FR2341374A1 (fr) * | 1976-02-19 | 1977-09-16 | Textron Inc | Articles revetus de polymere teint et a teindre et leur procede de fabrication |
US4401523A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1983-08-30 | Republic Steel Corporation | Apparatus and method for plating metallic strip |
JPS602186B2 (ja) * | 1980-12-24 | 1985-01-19 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | 塗装下地用表面処理鋼板 |
JPS60121293A (ja) * | 1983-12-03 | 1985-06-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Ζn−Fe合金を主体とするΖn−Fe系合金電気めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
FR2696371B1 (fr) | 1992-10-07 | 1994-10-28 | Caddie Atel Reunis | Procédé de revêtement de pièces ou de structures métalliques au moyen d'une poudre thermodurcissable, à base de résine polyester ou époxy ou d'un mélange des deux et produit métallique ainsi revêtu. |
-
1992
- 1992-10-07 FR FR9211868A patent/FR2696371B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-02-23 US US08/200,951 patent/US6242105B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-25 DE DE69412233T patent/DE69412233T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-25 ES ES94400639T patent/ES2122183T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-25 EP EP94400639A patent/EP0674951B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-25 DK DK94400639T patent/DK0674951T3/da active
- 1994-03-25 AT AT94400639T patent/ATE169249T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-28 ZA ZA942181A patent/ZA942181B/xx unknown
- 1994-03-30 IL IL109176A patent/IL109176A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-06 JP JP6092964A patent/JPH07275797A/ja active Pending
- 1994-04-06 AU AU59311/94A patent/AU679718B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-04-06 CZ CZ94801A patent/CZ285173B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-06 HU HU9400978A patent/HU213992B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-07 CN CN94104602A patent/CN1087664C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-22 HK HK98114811A patent/HK1013406A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU213992B (en) | 1997-11-28 |
IL109176A0 (en) | 1994-06-24 |
HK1013406A1 (en) | 1999-08-27 |
CZ285173B6 (cs) | 1999-06-16 |
CN1087664C (zh) | 2002-07-17 |
AU5931194A (en) | 1995-10-26 |
ATE169249T1 (de) | 1998-08-15 |
HU9400978D0 (en) | 1994-06-28 |
IL109176A (en) | 1998-06-15 |
CZ80194A3 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
US6242105B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 |
HUT70995A (en) | 1995-11-28 |
FR2696371A1 (fr) | 1994-04-08 |
ZA942181B (en) | 1995-01-16 |
ES2122183T3 (es) | 1998-12-16 |
FR2696371B1 (fr) | 1994-10-28 |
CN1110195A (zh) | 1995-10-18 |
JPH07275797A (ja) | 1995-10-24 |
EP0674951A1 (fr) | 1995-10-04 |
DE69412233D1 (de) | 1998-09-10 |
DE69412233T2 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
AU679718B2 (en) | 1997-07-10 |
DK0674951T3 (da) | 1999-05-03 |
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