EP0667447B1 - Self propelled harvester - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a self-propelled harvesting machine with a drive motor, a cooler with cooler fan and a rotating sieve device arranged upstream of the latter for retaining dirt particles present in the sucked-in cooling air, the sieve device being associated with an outer housing having a small effective suction surface as the air inlet surface of the sieve device, which is at least partially open on the side facing the screening device and which is connected via an outer pipe to the suction side of a suction fan, a shielding element opposite the open side of the open housing being arranged within the screening device.

Such a harvesting machine is known from DE 40 33 204 A1. In practice, this harvesting machine has been designed so that a shielding element associated with the housing is arranged in the form of a flat plate within the rotating drivable sieve device. In front of the rotating sieve device in the area of this plate, a suction device is provided which sucks the dirt particles off the surface of the rotating sieve. However, it has been shown in practice that such a cleaning device does not always work optimally.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of designing a self-propelled harvesting machine of the type specified at the outset in such a way that it satisfactorily fulfills the requirements to be met with regard to the cleaning action of the rotating screening device. This is achieved in that the shielding element is designed as an inner housing, the surface of which faces the screening device is open, the opening of the shielding housing being larger than the opening of the outer housing, which is connected to the suction side of a blower. Due to the different widths of the opposing openings of the inner and outer housing, an annular gap is formed through which the air mostly first enters the shielding housing through openings of the rotating sieve device, is diverted there and then from the inside again through the openings of the rotating sieve device the outer housing is sucked. This ensures that the dirt particles are additionally blown out, so to speak. In this way, an optimal cleaning of the rotating sieve device is achieved. This cleaning effect is further favored by the shielding housing having an arcuate cross section. Due to the design of the shielding housing according to the invention, the air flowing out through the housing is correspondingly positively guided. In order not to influence the suction effect on the rotating sieve device by other air inflows and to achieve a high degree of efficiency, the shielding housing is provided with sealing strips at its edges. The guidance of the air within the shielding housing is further favored by the fact that the cross section of the shielding housing increases continuously towards the radial casing of the screening device. This enlargement of the cross section takes into account the increasing diameter of the screening device towards the outside. Further refinements of the invention are defined in more detail in the subclaims.

Figur 1

eine selbstfahrende Erntemaschine in Form eines Feldhäckslers in der Seitenansicht.

Figur 1a

eine Prinzipsskizze der Luftführung gemäß dem Stand der Technik,

Figur 1b

eine Prinzipsskizze der Luftführung gemäß der Erfindung,

Figur 2

die rotierend antreibbare Siebeinrichtung in einer Stirnansicht und Schnitt nach der Linie II-II der Figur 1,

Figur 3

die rotierend antreibbare Siebeinrichtung mit Seitenblick auf die radiale Ummantelung der Siebeinrichtung,

Figur 4

die Abschirmhaube in Schnittdarstellung gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Figur 5,

Figur 5

das Abschirmgehäuse in einer Stirnansicht von der Seite der rotierenden Siebeinrichtung aus gesehen,

Figur 6

den Querschnitt des Abschirmgehäuses entlang der Schnittlinie VI-VI in Figur 5 und

Figur 7

das Abschirmgehäuse in einer Ansicht in Richtung der Pfeiles VII in den Figuren 4 und 5 gesehen.

In the following, the invention will be explained on the basis of an exemplary embodiment and several figures which schematically illustrate it. It shows:

Figure 1

a self-propelled harvesting machine in the form of a forage harvester in side view.

Figure 1a

a basic sketch of the air duct according to the prior art,

Figure 1b

a schematic diagram of the air duct according to the invention,

Figure 2

the rotating drivable screening device in a front view and section along the line II-II of Figure 1,

Figure 3

the rotating drivable sieve device with a side view of the radial casing of the sieve device,

Figure 4

the shielding hood in a sectional view along the line IV-IV in Figure 5,

Figure 5

the shielding housing seen in an end view from the side of the rotating screening device,

Figure 6

the cross section of the shielding housing along the section line VI-VI in Figure 5 and

Figure 7

seen the shielding housing in a view in the direction of arrow VII in Figures 4 and 5.

1 denotes, for example, a self-propelled forage harvester which, in a manner known per se, has front material intake elements 2 which are followed by the actual chopping unit 3. The material comminuted by this chopping unit 3 arrives at a pair of conditioning rollers 4, through which the chopped material is crushed. In order to be able to discharge this crushed chopped product properly through the curved discharge channel 5, for example onto a transport vehicle traveling parallel next to the forage harvester, a post-accelerator 6 is provided behind the pair of conditioning rollers 4, viewed in the conveying direction. It essentially consists of a drivable axis 7 and its associated conveyor strips 8, the conveyor strips 8 being at a distance from the axis 7. The conveyor strips act mechanically on the crops fed to them by the conditioning roller pair and fling the latter out through the ejection channel 5 with sufficient energy. The post-accelerator 6 is part of the Ejection channel 5 is formed. It has the property of a conveying fan, which sucks in a strong air flow axially through openings in its housing side walls. A line 9 is connected to one or both suction sides of this post-accelerator and is connected at its other end to a housing 10. The latter is assigned to a rotating sieve device 11 and covers both part of its end face 12 and part of its jacket 13, the housing on its side facing the rotating sieve device 11 being completely open or at least having openings so that it adheres to the outer surface of the sieve device Dust and impurities can be sucked off via line 9. In this way, it is ensured that, on the one hand, the rotating screening device cannot become clogged and, on the other hand, overheating and contamination of the motor 14 is avoided, since the extracted particles with the chopped material leave the machine room via the ejection channel.

The shielding housing arranged in the interior of the screening device 11 is identified by the reference symbol 15. Figure 1a shows that in the previously known embodiment, the shielding element is a flat plate large P, which is angled against the vertical, as well as against the radial inner surface of the screening device 11. As indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1 a, the air flowing through the housing 10 is sucked in through the gaps between the screening device 11 and the housing 10 and the plate P. It follows that the cleaning effect is correspondingly unsatisfactory, because contamination is essentially only sucked off from the outer surface of the rotating sieve device. In the embodiment according to the harvesting machine according to the invention it can be seen that the air first flows laterally next to the housing 10 through the end face 12 of the rotating screening device into the interior of the shielding housing 15, is deflected there and then from the inside through the perforated end face 12 into the outer housing 10 is pulled. The air flow thus increased not only reliably cleans the outer surfaces of the screening device 11, but also the suction openings thereof. Figures 2 and 3 show the drive of the rotating screening device 11. For this purpose, the basket of the screening device 11 is rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft 16. For the drive, it is provided with a ring gear 17 which has an internal toothing which is in engagement with a drive pinion 18. The drive pinion 18 is not fixed in a rotationally fixed manner on the drive journal of a motor.
According to FIG. 3, the basket of the screening device 11 is attached to rod-like basket holders 19. The basket holder and the opposite wall of the basket of the screening device 11 are fixedly connected to two hubs 20 which are rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft 16. Reference numbers 21 still identify frame-fixed struts for stabilization which are on the side facing away from the outer housing 10. On the side facing the housing 10, a further fixed strut 22 is attached to the shaft 16 and is attached to the housing 10 at the other end. The shielding housing 15 is fastened to a rod-shaped holder 23, which is likewise placed on the shaft 16 by means of a sleeve.
The shielding housing 15 is shown as a detail in FIGS. 4 to 7. It can be seen from FIGS. 4, 5, 7 in connection with FIG. 3 that it widens conically towards the casing of the screening device. Figure 6 shows that it is semicircular in cross section. According to FIG. 5, the edge assigned to the radial jacket 13 of the screening device 11 is formed in an arc. Sealing strips 24, which form a labyrinth, are attached to the two longitudinal sides facing the housing 10. Also on the side facing the radial jacket 13 of the screening device 11, the shielding housing 15 is provided with curved sealing strips 25 which describe a semicircle. However, these strips 25 are on the side facing away from the housing 10. The distances between the strips are about twice as large their heights. The head of the shielding housing 15 assigned to the fixed shaft 16 is identified by the reference numeral 26. The shield housing 15 can be designed in many ways, in particular with regard to its cross section. The air guide strips 24, 25 that form the labyrinths are essential. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the basket of the screening device 11 can be driven in rotation. In deviation from this, it is of course possible to firmly arrange the basket of the sieve device or a circular sieve wall and to drive the housing 10 and the shielding hood 15 in rotation. It is also contemplated to have the housing 10 in combination with the shielding hood 15 act in multiple designs on the screen surfaces.

Reference symbol overview

1 -

Forage harvester

2 -

Good collection organs

3 -

Chopping aggregate

4 -

Conditioning roller pair

5 -

Chute

6 -

Post accelerator

7 -

axis

8th -

Conveyor bars

9 -

management

10 -

casing

11 -

Screening device

12 -

Face

12a-

Inner surface

13 -

coat

14 -

engine

15 -

Shielding housing

16 -

wave

17 -

Sprocket

18 -

pinion

19 -

Basket holder

20 -

Hubs

21 -

Strive

22 -

strut

23 -

holder

24 -

Sealing strips

25 -

Sealing strips

26 -

head

P -

plate

Claims (16)

1. Self-propelled harvester (1) with a drive motor (14), a radiator with a radiator fan and a filter means (11) arranged in front of the latter for inhibiting particles of dirt present in the cooling air drawn in, wherein an outer housing (10) is allocated to the filter means, which has a smaller effective suction surface than the air intake surface of the filter means, which is at least partially open on the side facing the filter means, and which is connected by means of an outer tube (9) to the suction side of a blower (6), wherein a screen element (15) is arranged within the filter means opposite the open side of the housing, characterised in that the screen element is configured as an inner housing (15), the surface of which facing the end face of the filter means (11) is open, wherein the opening of the housing of the screen means (15) is larger than the opening of the outer housing (10) which is connected to a blower (6).
2. Self-propelled harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that the two housings (10 + 15) are arranged at the same height and laterally offset with respect to one another.
3. Self-propelled harvester according to claims 1 and/or 2, characterised in that the screen housing (15) is curved in cross-section.
4. Self-propelled harvester according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the screen housing (15) is semi-circular in cross-section.
5. Self-propelled harvester according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterised in that in cross section, the screen housing (15) continually increases in size towards the radial casing (13) of the filter means (11).
6. Self-propelled harvester according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the screening housing (15) is in the form of a longitudinally bisected frustum of a cone.
7. Self-propelled harvester according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least the two long sides extending in the radial direction are provided with sealing strips on the side of the internal housing facing the end face of the filter means.
8. Self-propelled harvester according to claim 7, characterised in that the sealing strips are configured in the manner of a labyrinth.
9. Self-propelled harvester according to one of more of claims 7 to 8, characterised in that sealing strips (25) facing the radial casing (13) of the filter means (11) are fitted in addition on the screening housing (15).
10. Self-propelled harvester according to claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the filter means (11) is a component of a planar wall stroked past on its inside surface (12a) by the screening element (15) and on its end face (12) by the suction housing (10) about a common rotary axle.
11. Self-propelled harvester according to one or more claims 1 to 10, characterised in that more than a combination unit of a screening element (15) and a suction housing (10) act on the filter surfaces of the filter element (11).
12. Self-propelled harvester according to claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the filter means (11) is equipped with a gear ring (17) provided with teeth, in the teeth of which a driving gear (18), driveable by means of a motor, engages.
13. Self-propelled harvester according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the filter means (11) is mounted by means of hubs (20) which are rotatable about a fixed shaft (16).
14. Self-propelled harvester according to one of more of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the screen housing (15) is mounted on a fixed holder (23) which is fitted in a rotation resistant manner on the fixed shaft (16).
15. Self-propelled harvester according to one of more of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the outer housing (10) is retained by means of a brace (22) mounted in a fixed manner on the shaft (16).
16. Self-propelled harvester according to one of more of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the basket of the filter means (11) is retained by means of several basket holders (19) which are rotatably mounted on the shaft (16).

Images