EP0642849A1 - Emploi de sédiments fortement asséchés en cas échéant contaminés et/ou de sédiments fins séparés de ceux-ci en cas échéant contaminés sous forme d'éléments de construction pour le remplissage subaquatique des eaux à tarir, notamment des bassins d'un port - Google Patents

Emploi de sédiments fortement asséchés en cas échéant contaminés et/ou de sédiments fins séparés de ceux-ci en cas échéant contaminés sous forme d'éléments de construction pour le remplissage subaquatique des eaux à tarir, notamment des bassins d'un port Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0642849A1
EP0642849A1 EP94113112A EP94113112A EP0642849A1 EP 0642849 A1 EP0642849 A1 EP 0642849A1 EP 94113112 A EP94113112 A EP 94113112A EP 94113112 A EP94113112 A EP 94113112A EP 0642849 A1 EP0642849 A1 EP 0642849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sediments
sediment
water
separated
silt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94113112A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0642849B1 (fr
EP0642849B2 (fr
Inventor
Karsten Dipl. Ing. Johannssen
Volkard Müller
Ernst-Heinrich Böge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Naue Fasertechnik GmbH and Co KG
Heinrich Hirdes GmbH
Original Assignee
Naue Fasertechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Naue Fasertechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Naue Fasertechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0642849A1 publication Critical patent/EP0642849A1/fr
Publication of EP0642849B1 publication Critical patent/EP0642849B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0642849B2 publication Critical patent/EP0642849B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
    • B09B1/002—Sea dumping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of heavily dewatered, optionally contaminated sediments and / or fine sediments separated therefrom, optionally contaminated, in the form of components for subaquatic filling of waters to be drained, in particular harbor basins.
  • the dredged harbor sediment (dredged material) is delivered with the help of barges and initially freed from coarse foreign matter.
  • the fine-grained sediment obtained after the coarse-grain separation is then fed to a two-stage separation system, in which hydro-classification and up-flow sorting are carried out.
  • the fine sediments (smaller than 63 m ⁇ ) together with the pollutants attached to them are largely separated from the sand.
  • the sand with residual fine sediments is then the second separation stage, i.e. the upstream sorting. There, the remaining fine sediments are flushed out by adding upflow water and passed on together with the fine sediments from the hydroclassification for thickening.
  • the clean sand discharged from the sorting process is dewatered to approx. 85% dry matter using a dewatering sieve and discharged from the system for further use as building material on conveyor belts.
  • the fine sludge suspension which contains a very high proportion of water for efficient separation, is first thickened to a higher solids content with the addition of flocculants and finally dewatered using a screen belt press and a high-pressure post-dewatering press to form a silt cake, which is then deposited on a landfill site in the form of a silt hill is deposited.
  • the landfill currently stands for this Frankopp is available, which is sealed like a normal landfill.
  • the stability of the deposited silt cake which has inherently poor soil mechanical properties and therefore only low stability, causes special problems, even with the drainage level achieved in METHA III.
  • landfill areas are only available to a very limited extent and landfill operation is very cost-intensive, since the landfills have to be monitored and maintained practically for all upcoming times.
  • Another means of disposal of the dredged material itself or the contaminated port silt separated from it would be desirable. The same applies, for example, to dredged material from rivers and to sedimented industrial and sewage sludge.
  • the present invention is based on the task of finding a way which allows dredged material or harbor silt, in particular in contaminated form, and sedated industrial and use sewage sludge to fill small harbor basins or other bodies of water.
  • This object is achieved according to the present invention in that heavily dewatered, optionally contaminated sediments, for example the harbor sediments accumulated as dredged material and / or the separated, optionally contaminated harbor silt, are compressed to a shaped body under pressure, preferably with further dewatering , surrounds it on all sides with a deformable, water-permeable packaging envelope and uses the component thus obtained for the subaquatic filling of harbor basins or other bodies of water.
  • the present invention thus relates to the use of largely drained, optionally contaminated sediments and / or fine sediments separated therefrom in the form of components for subaquatic filling of waters to be drained, in particular harbor basins.
  • the sediments that can be used according to the invention preferably include deposits in natural or artificial waters, e.g. Dredged material from ports and rivers as well as the fine sediments (silt) separated from them and sedimented industrial and sewage sludge.
  • the industrial sludge also includes fly ash in slurried form.
  • the components to be used for the subaquatic filling of dry water, in particular harbor basins consist of a highly compressed, highly dewatered, homogeneous shaped body made of sediment, in particular of dredged material and / or port silt separated therefrom, which is surrounded on all sides with a deformable, water-permeable packaging envelope.
  • the packaging sleeve is preferably made of textiles, for example a nonwoven.
  • the packaging sleeve made of nonwoven is constructed as a composite and at the same time serves as a pollutant filter.
  • the packaging sleeve consists of a needled, sewn and / or sewn nonwoven-nonwoven composite or a woven-nonwoven composite, in which one or more pollutant-absorbing and / or adsorbing materials are embedded between the two textile layers.
  • the cavities or the spaces between the fibers of the textile layers are completely or partially filled with dredged material, harbor silt or another clay mineral.
  • the outer casing is either kept moist or sealed over the entire surface with a water-soluble adhesive.
  • the packaging envelope preferably encloses the shaped body in a tight fit.
  • the molded body itself preferably consists of contaminated dredged material or of contaminated port silt separated therefrom, as occurs in the separation according to the METHA III process.
  • the components according to the invention are preferably large-volume components with a correspondingly small surface area. They preferably have the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of 1.25 m and a length of 5 m.
  • a pre-dewatered sediment cake preferably a cake made of dredged material and / or port silt separated therefrom, is pressed under the action of pressure, preferably with simultaneous further drainage, to give a shaped body and the shaped body obtained is deformed with a deformable, water-permeable material
  • Packaging envelope surrounds on all sides.
  • the shape of the cake, in which further dewatering may be carried out, is preferably carried out using a piston press or another hydraulic press.
  • the procedure according to the present invention is preferably such that the molded body is pressed directly into the packaging sleeve.
  • the packaging envelope can also be produced by spiral wrapping with an endless nonwoven packaging strip and then capping the ends of the molded body or by sewing etc.
  • the packaging envelope surrounding the molded body is subjected to a thermal shrinking process.
  • the shrinkable packaging sleeve can loosely surround the molded body or can already enclose it tightly.
  • a piston press the press cylinder of which is provided, on the one hand, with a filling funnel for the pre-dewatered cake and, on the other hand, with a reducing piece, ie a narrowing channel, the reducing piece being connected to a shaping tube (shaped tube), from which the compressed molded body, pressed into the desired shape, emerges endlessly.
  • the reducer of the piston press is preferably conical.
  • the reducer is provided with means for escaping the squeezed water.
  • Such devices can be special seals between the connecting flanges or porous filter units, which are located in the walls of the reducer.
  • the pollutants are attached to the clay and silt particles of the silt and can only be released again with corresponding external erosion and / or via ion exchange
  • the largely dewatered dredged material or preferably the port silt separated from it becomes the METHA- III system pressed large-volume molded body.
  • These specially packaged moldings are then used as components for the filling of old harbor basins. As a result, the dredged material or the port silt is returned to where it comes from, namely to the waters of the port areas.
  • the port sediment pre-consolidated by the drainage and the packaging casing, or the port silt separated from it, can thus be used to backfill old port basins in order to create the large storage space required today in general cargo handling ports with container operation.
  • Such a solution is particularly economical because the filling of the harbor basin must be done to create the open spaces anyway. It also saves expensive landfilling.
  • the correspondingly drained dredged material or the port silt separated from it is thus formed into components that are packaged and handled in a manner that is safe from transport, erosion and immissions, in order to then be stored specifically under water.
  • the large number of introduced, controlled, deposited components then forms a monolithic body which, owing to the low permeability of the silt and the special properties of the packaging, cannot be flowed through, so that the pollutants are immobilized in the long-term in the forming monolithic silt body and not in the the soil layers surrounding the groundwater or in free water can be discharged.
  • corresponding shaped bodies are thus first to be formed from the sediment, preferably from the dredged material (port sediment) or the port silt separated therefrom.
  • the shaped body is preferably a cylinder with vertical ends, wherein the cylinder can be packed like a shrink sausage, in which, for example, the ends are first combined like sausage skin and then pressed into the ends of the shaped body, so that a cylinder is formed without protruding ends of the packaging.
  • the packaging in turn, preferably tightly encloses this cylindrically shaped shaped body.
  • Other shapes of the shaped body are e.g. Cuboid or spheres.
  • compaction work is carried out which, if appropriate, leads to further dewatering of the sediment or silt cake, for example by annular drainage elements on the cone, which together with the packaging envelope further increases the load-bearing capacity of the shaped body.
  • the packaging envelope itself must be deformable and permeable to water in order to allow subsequent consolidation processes of the molded body.
  • the components are deposited under water for filling the harbor basins and stacked on top of one another and later provided with other loads, such as sand. These loads lead to a further consolidation of the entire building structure by squeezing out pore water until the applied loads can be removed by the grain structure of the sediment or silt structure.
  • the squeezed pore water must be able to escape through the packaging sleeve, the packaging sleeve, as already stated, preferably being equipped with pollutant-absorbing or adsorbing materials, so that the pore water flows out like a pollutant filter and only contaminated pore water gets into the environment.
  • the materials absorbing or adsorbing the pollutants can correspond to the pollutants present in the sediment or in the silt can be selected (e.g. bentonites, zeolites, activated carbon, organophillized bentonites, etc.).
  • the molded body is preferably formed by means of a discontinuously operating press, for example a press with a movable piston (piston press), but the exit from the mouthpiece is endless. Placing the molded body on a subsequent half-shell is one possibility, with the packaging being able to take place before the placement.
  • the moldings can also be conveyed and deposited on conveyor belts or roller ladders.
  • the main process steps are the introduction of the pre-dewatered sediment and / or the silt cake separated therefrom into the funnel, compaction under shaping, removal of the shaped bodies behind the press and finally packing the shaped bodies into a tight-fitting envelope that allows drainage under load and that which retains pollutants.
  • packing it should also be noted that endless wrapping, wrapping, wrapping and pushing into a tube are possible alternative packaging options.
  • the components according to the invention are intended to give the thickest possible packing in the form of a monolithic overall body under water, which is achieved with corresponding, for example laser-controlled, laying units.
  • the components according to the invention Under the dead weight of the components according to the invention stacked one on top of the other and through additional loads with non-contaminated material, the components should be deform and adjust so that there are no gaps in which water can stray and in which pollutants can be eroded. In this way, a monolithic overall body is built up in which the pollutants are safely stored, ie immobilized and therefore cannot escape. In other words, the pollutants are immobilized.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 represent preferred embodiments, but without being restricted thereto. All of the details shown in the figures belong to the disclosure essential to the invention.
  • the press cylinder 3 is preferably dimensioned such that the volume of material to be compressed, which is accommodated therein, corresponds in volume to the volume of the molded body 7 emerging during a total piston stroke.
  • the filling of the press cylinder 3 takes place gradually under a pressure which is only large enough to push the material together in the press cylinder until the corresponding volume has been reached without a part of the molded body 7 emerging from the molded tube 4a. Only after the press cylinder 3 has been completely filled, ie until the desired volume is reached, is the entire molded body 7 pressed out "in one fell swoop".
  • the inner volumes of the reducer 4 and the molded tube 4a in this preferred embodiment are equal to the volume of the emerging preform 7.
  • the emerging molded body 7 should be as homogeneous and dense as possible and should not have any cracks, air pockets or other water pathways.
  • the degree of compaction can be selected as desired using built-in reducers 4 (cross-sectional reduction).
  • both the reducer 4 and the molded tube 4a must have a very smooth inner surface. This is the only way that the pore water escaping through the pressure, which forms a water film between the inner surface of the molded tube 4a and the surface of the molded body 7 to be pressed, can close the surface of the molded body and bind the individual particles.
  • the shaped body 7 emerging from the molded tube 4a is then cut to length by means of the strand separating device 6 in the region of the press joint.
  • the nonwoven fabric used for wrapping simultaneously forms the slideway between the molded body 7 and the half-shell 8, which allows the molded body 7 to slide together with the nonwoven fabric on the half-shell 8.
  • the nonwoven supply roll is arranged below the molded tube 4a.
  • the width of the nonwoven web corresponds to the circumference of the molded body 7 plus material addition for an overlap of the longitudinal edges in order to be able to weld or sew the overlap.
  • the overlap is preferably welded using a hot air welding device.
  • the end faces of the shaped body are flat by cutting with a steel wire of the strand separating device 6 and are provided with nonwoven caps. To this end round pieces of fleece, which can be folded 20 cm at the edges, are placed on the end faces. This allows welding to the side nonwoven layer.
  • the packaging sleeve can initially make the molded body relatively limp, i.e. not close-fitting, because during the subsequent thermal shrinking process the tight, i.e. tight wrapping is achieved.
  • the "limp" packaged molded body is then passed through the heating ring 9, which is equipped with a gas burner or infrared radiation devices or the like.
  • shrinkage dimensions of approx. 50% occur, which stabilize after cooling.
  • the shrink nonwoven preferably consists of a mixture of melt fibers and stretched, high-strength fibers.
  • the melt fibers can e.g. undrawn polyester fibers that begin to melt at a temperature of approximately 100 ° C.
  • the stretched fiber material has a higher melting point (e.g. polyamide 210 ° C, polyester 250 ° C).
  • the use of only melt fibers and the use of bicomponent fibers (core sheath fibers) is also possible.
  • the sheath of the fibers are made of polyamide and the core of the fibers are made of polyester.
  • the shrink nonwovens can also consist of mixtures of the above-mentioned fiber materials or similar raw materials.
  • the area dimensions of normal nonwovens such as shrink nonwovens can be between 100 g / m2 up to 4000 g / m2.
  • Preferably nonwovens with a basis weight of 250 g / m2 to 1000 g / m2 are used.
  • the finished components 10 are pushed from the half-shell 8 into a special transport container which has a kind of magazine for a corresponding number of components 10.
  • These are swap bodies that can be transported on a truck as well as on the railroad or ship. Due to the packaging envelope surrounding the molded body on all sides, no pollutants can escape during transport.
  • the degree of packing, pressing and the residual water content in the molded body are decisive for the deformation of the components 10 according to the invention in order to form a compact, monolithic overall body. From an ecological point of view, there should be no seepage paths for external water, and from an engineering point of view, no empty gussets and the like.
  • Vertical drains vertical drains
  • these drains can be pierced through the layers with conventional technology as geotextile drains.
  • the filter layers of the vertical drain are preferably designed as pollutant filters. After subsidence has subsided, these drains must then be pressed with bentonite mixtures in order to prevent pollutants from escaping through these drainage paths in the long term.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
EP94113112A 1993-09-15 1994-08-23 Emploi de sédiments fortement asséchés en cas échéant contaminés et/ou de sédiments fins séparés de ceux-ci en cas échéant contaminés sous forme d'éléments de construction pour le remplissage subaquatique des eaux à tarir, notamment des bassins d'un port Expired - Lifetime EP0642849B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4331364A DE4331364A1 (de) 1993-09-15 1993-09-15 Verwendung von stark entwässerten, gegebenenfalls kontaminierten Sedimenten und/oder davon abgetrennten, gegebenenfalls kontaminierten Feinsedimenten in Form von Bauelementen zur subaquatischen Auffüllung von trockenzulegenden Gewässern, insbesondere Hafenbecken
DE4331364 1993-09-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0642849A1 true EP0642849A1 (fr) 1995-03-15
EP0642849B1 EP0642849B1 (fr) 1998-03-04
EP0642849B2 EP0642849B2 (fr) 2000-12-06

Family

ID=6497797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94113112A Expired - Lifetime EP0642849B2 (fr) 1993-09-15 1994-08-23 Emploi de sédiments fortement asséchés en cas échéant contaminés et/ou de sédiments fins séparés de ceux-ci en cas échéant contaminés sous forme d'éléments de construction pour le remplissage subaquatique des eaux à tarir, notamment des bassins d'un port

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0642849B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4331364A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007147540A1 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Winter Von Adlersfluegel Johan Organe de remplissage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202010008093U1 (de) * 2010-07-16 2011-08-09 Roland Draier Vorrichtung zum Befüllen von körnigen, pulverförmigen, schüttfähigen Materialien in ein aus Geotextilmaterial gefertigtes Behältnis

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3150993A1 (de) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-30 Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur entsorgung fliessender und stehender gewaesser von feinkoernigen sedimenten
WO1992006801A1 (fr) * 1990-10-22 1992-04-30 Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland Procede servant a enfermer de maniere etanche une masse de dechets

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3150993A1 (de) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-30 Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur entsorgung fliessender und stehender gewaesser von feinkoernigen sedimenten
WO1992006801A1 (fr) * 1990-10-22 1992-04-30 Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland Procede servant a enfermer de maniere etanche une masse de dechets

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007147540A1 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Winter Von Adlersfluegel Johan Organe de remplissage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59405356D1 (de) 1998-04-09
EP0642849B1 (fr) 1998-03-04
DE4331364A1 (de) 1995-03-16
EP0642849B2 (fr) 2000-12-06

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