Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
  • C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G73/22—Polybenzoxazoles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
  • C08G77/38—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08G77/382—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon
  • C08G77/385—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon containing halogens
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G77/48—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
  • C08G77/50—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms by carbon linkages
  • C08G77/52—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms by carbon linkages containing aromatic rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel organopolysiloxane. More specifically, the invention relates to a novel phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxane and to a process for preparing same. The invention further relates to the use of the above organopolysiloxane in the preparation of novel organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles.
• Macromonomers have been the subject of active investigation over the last several years, a macromonomer being a polymer or oligomer that contains a polymerizable functional group. Graft copolymer with a well-defined branch length and number of branches can be synthesized through the use of a macromonomer as the branching element in the graft copolymer.
• General reviews in this area are available, for example, Makurom onomaa no Kagaku to Kogyo [The Chemistry and Technology of Macromonomers], edited by Y. Yamashita, IPC (1989); Y. Kawakami, Kobunshi, volume 37, p. 264 (1988); and Y. Chujo, Kobunshi, volume 39, p. 452 (1990).
• macromonomers known to date have the vinylphenyl group, acryloyl group, or methacryloyl group as their terminal polymerizable group, and these are used mainly for chain-growth polymerization.
• macromonomers for step-growth polymerization have been reported: these contain a terminal diol, dicarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid ester, diamine, phenol, and so forth. See, for example, Tezuka et al., Polymer, volume 30, p. 553 (1989); Tezuka et al., Macromolecules, volume 24, p. 122 (1991); Kawakami et al., Polym. Bull., volume 25, p.
• organopolysiloxane carrying phthaloyl halide as its polymerizable group nor a process for the preparation of such an organopolysiloxane have been reported up to now.
• Such a polysiloxane would be useful for the synthesis of novel polymers having organopolysiloxane side chains and a main chain of polyester, polyarylate, polyamide, polybenzobisoxazole, and so forth.
• aromatic polymers such as aromatic polyesters, aromatic polyamides (aramides), and aromatic polyimides
• aromatic polymers have begun to occupy an important position as high-performance polymers due to their high mechanical strength, heat resistance and solvent resistance, (see, for example, High-Performance Aromatic Polymers (Koseino Hokozoku-kei Kobunshi Zairyo), edited by the Society of Polymer Science of Japan, Maruzen (1990)).
• these rigid linear polymers have lower solvent solubilities and higher melting points than conventional flexible polymers and thus present greater problems from the standpoint of processing.
• the industrial development and utilization of such polymers has only just begun in recent years.
• organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles and their copolymers generally remain unknown. Additionally, novel characteristics which combine the properties of polybenzobisoxazoles and polysiloxanes are obtained from such organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles.
• This invention introduces a phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxane which can be used as a macromonomer for the synthesis of side chain-bearing copolymers.
• the invention also provides a process for preparing said phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxane.
• Another aspect of the present invention is the introduction of novel organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles.
• a further aspect is the introduction of a method for preparing organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles using phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxanes.
• the side chains in the polysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles according to the invention can be freely tailored in terms of length, number and as a result, the melting point of these polybenzobisoxazoles can be lowered and their solubility can be improved.
• other novel characteristics can be generated through a combination of the properties of polybenzobisoxazoles and polysiloxanes.
• the polybenzobisoxazoles of this invention can be used in blends with other polybenzobisoxazoles or polysiloxanes and can be deployed as compatibilizers.
• the phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxane of the present invention has the general formula in which X denotes halogen, R1 denotes a divalent organic group that contains at least 2 carbon atoms, R2 through R6 independently denote monovalent organic groups, n is an integer with a value of at least 1, R4 and R5 may vary among different types of repeat units, and m is 1 or 2.
• the group X in formula (I) denotes halogen, and the chlorine atom is preferred.
• the divalent organic group denoted by R1 preferably contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and it is selected form alkylene, oxyalkylene, phenylenealkylene, and phenyleneoxyalkylene.
• the oxyalkylene group is preferred due to the corresponding ease of precursor synthesis.
• R2 through R6 are monovalent organic groups and preferably contain 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
• R6 is preferably methyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, or phenyl from the standpoint of ease of acquisition of starting materials for the hydroorganopolysiloxane precursor.
• n is a positive integer and is preferably 1 to 5,000 and particularly preferably is 3 to 1,000.
• Each of the various substituent groups in formula (I) may be bonded at any position on the benzene ring.
• the above organopolysiloxane can be synthesized by the following process.
• a catalyzed hydrosilylation reaction is first run between the derivative of a terminal olefinic compound with formula (III), in which the carboxyl groups are protected wherein R2 denotes an organic group having a terminal ethylenically unsaturated bond and m is 1 or 2, and hydrogen-terminated organopolysiloxane with formula (IV) wherein R2 through R6 and n are defined as above.
• the carboxyl groups are silylated to yield the silylated phthalic acid-containing organopolysiloxane with formula (II) wherein R7 denotes an alkyl group preferably C1 to C10, and R1 through R6, m, and n are defined as above.
• R7 denotes an alkyl group preferably C1 to C10, and R1 through R6, m, and n are defined as above.
• the synthesis concludes by reacting (II) with an inorganic halide.
• Each of the various substituent groups in the terminal olefinic compound (III) may be bonded at any position on the benzene ring.
• the carboxyl protection step that sets up our hydrosilylation reaction is exemplified by esterification with methyl, ethyl, methoxymethyl, tert-butyl, benzyl, beta-p-toluenesulfonylethyl, and trialkylsilyl.
• Trialkylsilyl esterification is preferred for the corresponding ease of removal of the protective groups from the product.
• the silylating agent is exemplified by trialkylhalosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane, triethylchlorosilane, triphenylchlorosilane, and methyldiethylbromosilane, and by nitrogenous silylating agents such as hexamethyldisilazane, N,N-diethylaminotrimethylsilane, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) carbamate, and N-trimethylsilylimidazole.
• trialkylhalosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane, triethylchlorosilane, triphenylchlorosilane, and methyldiethylbromosilane
• nitrogenous silylating agents such as hexamethyldisilazane, N,N-diethylaminotrimethylsilane, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) carbamate, and N-trimethylsilylimi
• a catalyst such as trimethylchlorosilane, ammonium sulfate, may be added when a nitrogenous silylating agent is used.
• the silylation reaction can be conducted with or without solvent, and the potential solvent is exemplified by aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, and heptane, ether solvents such as diethyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran; ketone solvents such as acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate; halohydrocarbon solvents such as chloroform, trichloroethylene, and carbon tetrachloride; and dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide.
• the reaction temperature is 0°C to 200°C and preferably 20°C to 140°C.
• the hydrosilylation reaction between hydrogen-terminated organopolysiloxane (IV) and the carboxyl-protected derivative of terminal olefinic compound (III) is run in the presence of catalyst and is preferably run in solvent.
• Suitable catalyst additions generally correspond to approximately 1/104 to 1/102 moles per 1 mole carbon-carbon double bond.
• Usable solvents encompass the various solvents listed above and also alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol.
• the reaction is run at temperatures of 0°C to 200°C, and preferably 40°C to 110°C, in a dry inert atmosphere. However, the introduction of small quantities of oxygen may be advantageous depending on the particular catalyst used.
• the phthalic acid-containing organopolysiloxane (V) is then produced by removal of the protective groups from the phthalate ester-containing polysiloxane afforded by the hydrosilylation reaction.
• Carboxylic acid halides are ordinarily produced by reacting carboxylic acid with an inorganic halide. Said inorganic halides are exemplified by phosphoryl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, and so forth. Thionyl chloride is preferred because it has a low boiling point and because the corresponding by-products are gases or low-boiling compounds, which facilitate product recovery.
• reaction of these inorganic halides with carboxylic acid produces acid, which induces main chain scission reactions in polysiloxanes, and these inorganic halides therefore cannot be used on polysiloxane (V).
• reaction of the aforesaid inorganic halides with the silylated phthalic acid-containing organopolysiloxane (II) - which is produced by silylation of polysiloxane (V) - gives trialkylhalosilane as by-product. This permits synthesis of the acid halide without inducing main chain scission reactions in the polysiloxane.
• This silylation can be run by the same method as described above.
• the reaction between the silylated polysiloxane and inorganic halide preferably thionyl chloride
• inorganic halide preferably thionyl chloride
• Zinc chloride, pyridine, iodine, triethylamine, etc. can be used as catalyst, but the use of catalyst may be omitted.
• the reaction temperature is -50°C to 140°C and preferably -30°C to 120°C.
• the organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles of the present invention comprise repeat units with formulas (VI) and (VII) wherein the repeat unit (VI)/repeat unit (VII) molar ratio is in the range of 100/0 to 1/99
• A1 denotes a tetravalent aromatic group
• A2 denotes a divalent organopolysiloxane with formula (VIII) Wherein R1 through R6, n and m are as previously defined
• A3 comprises at least one selection from reactive side chain-free divalent aromatic groups and reactive side chain-substituted divalent aromatic groups, wherein the molar ratio of reactive side chain-free divalent aromatic groups to reactive side chain-substituted divalent aromatic groups is in the range of 100/0 to 0/100, with the proviso that A1, A3, R1 through R6, m, and n may vary among different types of repeat units.
• the tetravalent aromatic groups indicated by A1 in formulas (VI) and (VII) preferably contain 6 to 30 carbon atoms. The following groups may be cited as examples; however, the present invention is not limited to these groups.
• the reactive side chain-free divalent aromatic groups encompassed by A3 in formula (VII) preferably have 6 to 60 carbon atoms. The following groups may be cited as examples; however, the present invention is not limited to these groups.
• the reactive side chain-containing divalent aromatic groups encompassed by A3 in formula (VII) contain one or more groups -R9Q bonded as substituents on aromatic groups as described above for reactive side chain-free A3. R9 denotes a divalent organic group, preferably with 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
• Examples of such groups include alkylene, oxyalkylene, phenylenealkylene, phenyleneoxyalkylene, etc.; however, oxyalkylene is preferred from the standpoint of ease of acquisition.
• Q denotes a reactive group, preferably with a molecular weight of 16 to 150.
• Examples of such groups include vinyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl, hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, epoxy, SiH, SiOH, alkoxysilyl, etc. Vinyl, acryloyl, and methacryloyl, etc., are preferred from the standpoint of ease of synthesis.
• the organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles according to the present invention can be prepared by the method described below. Specifically, a reaction is first run among phthaloyl halide-functional organopolysiloxane with formula (I), above, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid halide with formula (IX) XCO-A3-COX ( IX ) wherein X indicates halogen, preferably the chlorine atom, and A3 has the same meaning as above, and a silylated aromatic compound with formula (X) in which R7 denotes alkyl, preferably a C1 to C10 alkyl group, and A1 has the same meaning as above, to yield an organopolysiloxane-grafted silylated polyhydroxyamide comprising repeat unite with formulas (XI) and (XII) where R7 and A1 through A3 in the preceding formulas are defined as above and wherein the repeat unit (XI)/repeat unit XI
• the subject organopolysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazoles can also be prepared by hydrolyzing the aforementioned silylated polyhydroxyamide to produce organopolysiloxane-grafted polyhydroxyamide consisting of repeat units with formulas (XIII) and (XIV) where A1 through A3 have the same meanings as above and wherein the repeat unit (XIII)/repeat unit (XIV) molar ratio is in the range of 100/0 to 1/99 and the reactive side chain-free divalent aromatic group/reactive side chain-substituted divalent aromatic group molar ratio for A3 is in the range of 100/0 to 0/100.
• the synthesis again concludes with thermal cyclization of the organopolysiloxane-grafted polyhydroxyamide.
• the reactive side chain-free aromatic dicarboxylic acid halides are exemplified by isophthaloyl dichloride, terephthaloyl dichloride, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid dichloride, 2,2'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid dichloride, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, 2,6-anthracenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, biphenyl ether 4,4'-dicarboxylic acid dichloride, diphenylmethane-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid dichloride, benzophenone-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid dichloride, diphenyl sulfone 4,4'-dicarboxylic acid dichloride, isopropylidenediphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid dichloride, isopropylidenediphenyl-4,
• the reactive side chain-substituted aromatic dicarboxylic acid halides contain one or more of the above-mentioned -R9Q bonded as substituents to the aromatic dicarboxylic acid halides provided above as examples of reactive side chain-free aromatic dicarboxylic acid halides.
• These compounds are not generally commercially available. However, as is shown in the reference examples below, said compounds can be obtained, for example, by reacting a terminal olefinic phthalic acid (III) with an inorganic halide as described above and preferably with thionyl chloride. In this case, of course, silylation of the carboxyl groups is unnecessary.
• silylated aromatic diaminodihydroxy compounds of formula (X) include 1,5-bis(trimethylsilylamino)-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzene, 3,3'-bis(trimethylsilylamino)-4,4'-bis(trimethylsiloxy)biphenyl, 2,3'-bis(trimethylsilylamino)-3,4'-bis(trimethylsiloxy)biphenyl, bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)methane, bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl) ether, bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl) ketone, 2,2-bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(3-trimethylsilylamino-4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)hexaflu
• the present invention is not limited to these compounds, and mixtures of these compounds may also be used. These compounds are not generally commercially available; however, said compounds can be synthesized from the corresponding diaminodihydroxy compounds, as will be described later in the reference examples.
• the silylated polyhydroxyamide is obtained by reacting equimolar amounts of dicarboxylic acid halide and compound (X) in a dry inert atmosphere. This reaction may be run without a solvent, but is preferably run in a solvent. Usable solvents are exemplified by the various solvents mentioned above (excluding alcohols) and their mixtures.
• the reaction temperature is preferably -70°C to 100°C, and is even more preferably -40°C to 40°C.
• Thermal cyclization of the silylated polyhydroxyamide into polybenzobisoxazole is accomplished by first removing the solvent and then heating at 100°C to 400°C and preferably at 200°C to 350°C. This step may be run in the atmosphere or in an inert gas and/or at reduced pressure.
• the above-mentioned silylated polyhydroxyamide can be hydrolyzed to give the polyhydroxyamide by pouring the reaction solution into an alcohol such as methanol, etc., or by stirring the solvent-free silylated polyhydroxyamide for several hours in an alcohol such as methanol, etc.
• the polyhydroxyamide thus produced can be converted into the polybenzobisoxazole by thermal cyclization as described above.
• the polybenzobisoxazole main chain desirably has a degree of polymerization (DP) of at least 5, and the optimal repeat unit (VI)/repeat (VII) molar ratio is 100/0 to 30/70.
• the silylated polyhydroxyamide film from Example 1 was cyclized by heating for 19 hours at 300°C in an argon atmosphere to yield the corresponding polysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazole.
• Example 1 The reaction solution obtained in Example 1 was poured into a large amount of methanol, and the precipitated polysiloxane-grafted polyhydroxyamide was recovered by filtration and drying.
• Example 3 The polysiloxane-grafted polyhydroxyamide obtained in Example 3 was thermally cyclized using the procedure of Example 2 to yield the polysiloxane-grafted polybenzobisoxazole. Its IR spectrum was the same as that obtained for the polybenzobisoxazole prepared in Example 2.
• diethyl 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate was synthesized from 4.10 g 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid; 4.00 g of this diethyl ester was used to produce 2.26 g diethyl 2,5-bis(3-butenyloxy)terephthalate; and 1.50 g 2,5-bis(3-butenyloxy)terephthalic acid was obtained from 2.11 g of the diethyl 2,5-bis(3-butenyloxy)terephthalate.
• Example 5 The silylated polyhydroxyamide having 2 polysiloxane side chains per monomer unit obtained in Example 5 was thermally cyclized by the procedure of Example 2 to give polybenzobisoxazole having 2 polysiloxane side chains per monomer unit.
• the intrinsic viscosity was 0.20 dL/g (at 30°C in tetrahydrofuran).
• Silylated polyhydroxyamides were synthesized by the method of Example 7. These had different degrees of polymerization in the polysiloxane side chain and a value of 9 : 1 for the polysiloxane-grafted monomer unit/3-butenyloxy-substituted monomer unit molar ratio. The results are reported in Table 2. The IR spectra were the same as in Example 7, with the exception of different relative intensities for the O-Si(CH3)2-O moiety.
• the silylated polyhydroxyamides obtained in Examples 8 and 9 were thermally cyclized by the procedure of Example 10 to give polybenzobisoxazoles having different degrees of polymerization in their polysiloxane side chains and a value of 9 : 1 for the molar ratio of monomer units having polysiloxane side chains to 3-butenyloxy-substituted monomer units.
• the results are reported in Table 3.
• the IR spectra were the same as in Example 10, with the exception of different relative intensities for the O-Si(CH3)2-O moiety.
• Table 3 example number average value of n characteristic absorptions (cm ⁇ 1) in the IR spectra of the polybenzobisoxazoles 11 6.9 1597, 1524, 1481, 1412 12 46.2 1599, 1528, 1460, 1419
• IR spectrum (cm ⁇ 1): 2963 (s), 1600 (m), 1555 (m), 1462 (m), 1425 (m), 1261 (vs), 1091 (vs), 1023 (vs), 800 (vs)

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