EP0636854A1 - Nebelwurfkörper - Google Patents

Nebelwurfkörper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0636854A1
EP0636854A1 EP93402427A EP93402427A EP0636854A1 EP 0636854 A1 EP0636854 A1 EP 0636854A1 EP 93402427 A EP93402427 A EP 93402427A EP 93402427 A EP93402427 A EP 93402427A EP 0636854 A1 EP0636854 A1 EP 0636854A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
smoke
pots
ammunition
ring
ejection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402427A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0636854B1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Larmignat
Jean-Pierre Lepezennec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0636854A1 publication Critical patent/EP0636854A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0636854B1 publication Critical patent/EP0636854B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B5/15—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances for creating a screening or decoy effect, e.g. using radar chaff or infrared material
    • F42B5/155—Smoke-pot projectors, e.g. arranged on vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of smoke ammunition.
  • Smoke ammunition which comprises several pots of smoke-generating pyrotechnic composition which are placed in the envelope of an artillery shell.
  • the shell ejects the trajectories out of the envelope.
  • a pyrotechnic charge ensures both the ejection of the pots and their ignition.
  • the pots fall to the ground and generate a smoke screen opaque to radiation in the visible or visible and infrared range depending on the nature of the pyrotechnic composition contained in the pots.
  • Smoke ammunition which comprises pots of pyrotechnic composition which are ejected from an envelope secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure.
  • Patent FR8703415 describes such ammunition which makes it possible to disperse, on the one hand a powder ensuring rapid masking of the infrared and on the other hand smoke pots making it possible to generate an opaque infra-red screen, screen intended for stay put in a sustainable way.
  • a smoke screen will be all the more effective as the pots will not be too far from each other (relative distance of the order of a few meters to a few tens of meters depending on the volume of the smoke pots) so that there is overlap between the screens created by each of the pots.
  • the smoke pots ejected from the body of a shell will follow trajectories which are difficult to control and which will depend on the altitude at which the ejection is controlled.
  • the pots will therefore arrive on the ground with very variable relative distances from one shot to the next, which gives a random quality to the masking screen obtained.
  • the ammunition described by FR8703416 provides for holding the two smoke pots and the case containing the masking powder together by means of a rod. A separation charge causes the rupture of this rod after ejection of the pots from the envelope.
  • the invention aims to overcome such drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is an ammunition of the smoke type comprising at least two smoke pots placed in an envelope and ejected from the latter by means of an ejection composition, each pot having an axial channel and the axial channels being aligned so as to constitute an ignition channel for the smoke pots, the ignition being ensured by the ejection composition
  • this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises means ensuring a temporary axial connection of the two smoke pots during their ejection and on their trajectory.
  • connection means consist of a substantially cylindrical ring which penetrates into the axial channel of each of the smoke pots through holes provided in the cases of each of the pots, this ring having an external diameter smaller than that of the axial channel and having a tight fit with the holes provided in the cases.
  • Such a ring provides the axial connection during ejection but does not prohibit the separation of the pots during their impact on the ground. It also makes it possible to ensure a seal against the ejection gases at the interface between two adjacent pots.
  • the ring may have a collar which is pinched between the faces of the smoke pots which are in mutual contact.
  • the diameter of the bore of the ring increases regularly from a central zone to each end.
  • the ring can be made of a natural or synthetic polymer material.
  • the ammunition also comprises, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing containing a charge dispersible powder intended to provide instant masking of infrared, this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises a spring disposed between the housing containing the powder charge and the smoke pots, spring ensuring braking of the smoke pots by the housing when ejected from the envelope.
  • the spring may have a conical profile and be made integral with a smoke pot by means of a connecting piece.
  • a munition 1 is a smoke-producing cargo shell comprising a cylindrical casing 2 closed at one of its ends by a threaded base 3 and at the other end by a warhead 4, also threaded and carrying a chronometric rocket 5.
  • the envelope also carries at its rear part a belt 6 to ensure in a known manner the seal upon firing into the barrel of a weapon (not shown).
  • the envelope 2 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition.
  • the pots constitute a stack which is held axially on one side by the base 3 and on the other by a piston 8.
  • a threaded adjustment ring 9 is screwed onto a thread of the warhead 4 and makes it possible to apply the piston 8 against the stacking of the pots 7, thereby making up for the axial play.
  • composition which is placed in the pots 7a and 7b may for example be an opaque smoke composition with visible and infrared radiation of the type of that described by patent FR8213054.
  • This composition is put into the form of blocks 10 and 11 by compression or by casting (the blocks are designated in the figure by: 10a and 11a for the pot 7a, 10b and 11b for the pot 7b).
  • the blocks 10 and 11 of the same pot are placed in a metal case 12 (12a and 12b for the pots 7a and 7b respectively).
  • An annular tablet 13a, 13b of an ignition composition of known type is housed between the two blocks 10 and 11 of the same smoke pot 7.
  • Each pot 7 has an axial channel 14a, 14b which allows the ignition of the tablets 13 by the gases generated by an ejection composition 15 itself initiated by the rocket 5.
  • the channels 14a and 14b are axially aligned and have the same axis as the munition 1.
  • the gases reach the axial channels 14a and 14b through an opening 16 provided in the piston 8.
  • Each pot (7a, 7b) is closed by a cover (17a, 17b) pierced with an axial hole, each cover is held in place by an annular crimping of the corresponding case 12.
  • the smoke pots 7a and 7b are held axially by means of a ring 18. This ring is shown in detail in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the ring 18 also carries a collar 20 located at its median part. This collar is pinched between the covers 17a and 17b of the smoke pots 7a and 7b. It has a thickness substantially equal to twice that of each case 12.
  • this flange is to allow good positioning of the ring 18 relative to the axial channels 14a and 14b and thus to ensure good coaxiality of the ring 18 and the channels 14a and 14b.
  • the diameter (D) of the collar 20 will preferably be chosen to be greater than twice the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface 19.
  • the ring 18 penetrates inside each axial channel 14 of a length L which will preferably be equal to the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface of the ring 18.
  • the penetration of the ring also increases the seal by promoting the axial flow of gases.
  • the bore of the ring 18 comprises a cylindrical part 22, which is disposed at the middle zone and whose length is substantially equal to the thickness of the flange 20, as well as two conical portions 21a and 21b which extend on either side of the cylindrical part 22 towards the ends of the ring.
  • the internal diameter of the bore is minimal at the level of the cylindrical part 22.
  • Such a shape of the bore facilitates the industrial manufacture of the ring by molding.
  • the ring will preferably be made of a natural polymer material (such as coutchouc) or synthetic polymer such as a silicone or polyvinyl chloride or a polyamide.
  • a natural polymer material such as coutchouc
  • synthetic polymer such as a silicone or polyvinyl chloride or a polyamide.
  • the chronometric rocket causes the ignition composition 15 to ignite.
  • the pressure of the gases generated by the latter pushes on the piston 8, which has the effect of causing the shearing of the envelope / base link then ejection of the base 3 followed by the assembly constituted by the smoke pots 7a and 7b.
  • the gases pass through the piston 8 through the opening 16 and extend into the ignition channel formed by the two axial channels 14a and 14b. They initiate the ignition tablets 13a and 13b. Due to the presence of the ring 18, the gases cannot interfere between the two pots 7a and 7b, the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 2 and remain integral during their fall.
  • FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of the invention in which the ammunition is a smoke ammunition intended to be fixed on a close defense system secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure (not shown).
  • Such ammunition 101 is constituted by a cylindrical envelope 102 closed at one of its ends by a base 104 and at the other end by a cover 103.
  • the base 104 is intended to fix the ammunition on a close defense launcher of known type and not shown. It carries a lug 23 which allows locking on the launcher and an axial electrical contact 24 intended to allow the initiation of a primer 25.
  • the other electrical contact of the primer 25 is connected to the electrical ground of the launcher by the 'Intermediate of the base 104.
  • the electrical contact 24 is electrically isolated from the base 104 by an insulating sheath.
  • the primer 25 is intended to ignite an ejection composition 115, for example based on black powder or a charge of the type of that described in patent FR8716763.
  • This composition will generate gases which will exert pressure on a piston 108.
  • the piston also has an opening 116 which allows the passage of part of the gases to the smoke pots.
  • the envelope 102 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition, these pots are identical to those described in the previous embodiment.
  • the envelope 102 also contains, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing 26 which is filled with a charge of dispersible powder intended to ensure instant masking of the infrared.
  • This dispersible powder is for example a brass powder, it is dispersed by a pyrotechnic composition not shown (such as a powder or an explosive) and which is initiated by a pyrotechnic delay 27, itself ignited by the ejection gases from the pots smoke bombs.
  • a pyrotechnic composition not shown such as a powder or an explosive
  • a pyrotechnic delay 27 itself ignited by the ejection gases from the pots smoke bombs.
  • a spring 28 is disposed between the housing 26 containing the powder charge and the smoke pot 7b. This spring is intended to ensure separation of the housing and the smoke pots when they are ejected from the envelope 102.
  • the spring 28 is of conical winding which allows it to have a very small axial size when it is compressed. It is fixed by one of its ends 28a to the smoke pot 7b by means of a connecting piece 29. The spring is shown in the relaxed position in FIG. 3a, the latter representing the munition of FIG. 2 in which the housing 26 has been removed.
  • the connecting piece 29 is shown in more detail and in axial section in FIG. 3b. It is a stamped sheet metal plate which has a flat face 29a intended to come to bear on the smoke pot 7b and a tubular portion 29b whose end is crimped (reference 29c in FIG. 3a) on the end 28a of the spring .
  • the connecting piece 29 is pierced with three holes 30 regularly angularly distributed and which allow its fixing to the case 12b of the pot 7b by means of rivets 31.
  • the stack formed by the two smoke pots 7a and 7b and the housing 26 is held axially in the envelope by a closing cover 103.
  • This cover is made integral with the envelope by radial pins 32.
  • a wedging washer is disposed between the cover 103 and the housing 26.
  • Another washer made of compressible material 34 (such as rubber) is interposed between the piston 108 and the smoke pot 7a and allows play to be taken up during assembly of the ammunition. .
  • the fire signal is given by the close defense system.
  • the primer 25 ignites the ejection composition 115.
  • the gases also ignite the pyrotechnic delay 27 intended to cause the initiation of the explosive charge ensuring the dispersion of the powder contained in the housing 26.
  • the ring 18 prevents the gases from interfering between the two pots 7a and 7b and the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 102 and remain integral during their trajectory.
  • the spring 28 is released by the ejection of the cover 103. It relaxes at the same time giving an impulse to the housing 26 and braking to the set of pots 7a and 7b.
  • the range obtained depends on the masses and inertias of the different elements as well as the mass of ejection composition.
  • the spacing obtained between the housing 26 and the pots 7a, 7b also depends on the stiffness of the spring.
  • these elements will be sized to obtain an impact on the ground of the two smoke pots 7a and 7b at a distance from the close defense system (therefore from the vehicle or the fixed platform on which it is adapted) of the order of 20 m.
  • the pyrotechnic delay initiating the deployment of the powder charge will be determined so that this deployment occurs at a close distance from the defense system of the order of 20m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP93402427A 1992-10-23 1993-10-04 Nebelwurfkörper Expired - Lifetime EP0636854B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9212697A FR2697328A1 (fr) 1992-10-23 1992-10-23 Munition fumigène.
FR9212697 1992-10-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0636854A1 true EP0636854A1 (de) 1995-02-01
EP0636854B1 EP0636854B1 (de) 1997-06-25

Family

ID=9434822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402427A Expired - Lifetime EP0636854B1 (de) 1992-10-23 1993-10-04 Nebelwurfkörper

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5454324A (de)
EP (1) EP0636854B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2108991C (de)
DE (1) DE69311805T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2697328A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5682010A (en) * 1996-12-04 1997-10-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method for creating a one way visible screening smoke
DE19910074B4 (de) * 1999-03-08 2005-02-10 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Abschußvorrichtung für das Verschießen einer Mehrzahl von Wirkkörpern sowie diese verwendende Wurfanlage
DE10249920A1 (de) * 2002-10-26 2004-05-13 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelgeschoss
DE10308307B4 (de) * 2003-02-26 2007-01-04 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Geschoß sowie Submunition mit Vorspannkörper
WO2007106514A2 (en) 2006-03-13 2007-09-20 Smi Holding, Inc. Automatic microparticle mark reader
KR101210582B1 (ko) * 2010-05-26 2012-12-11 한국씨앤오테크 주식회사 40ｍｍ 연습탄
DE102010024848A1 (de) 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Wurfkörper
DE102013010357A1 (de) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss mit Effekt- bzw. Signalwirkung
ES2646272T3 (es) 2013-08-20 2017-12-13 Bae Systems Plc Munición frangible
WO2015025145A1 (en) 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Bae Systems Plc Illumination munition
EP3036499A1 (de) 2013-08-20 2016-06-29 BAE Systems PLC Munition mit gemeinsamem träger
GB2517447A (en) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-25 Bae Systems Plc Smoke payload apparatus
EP3036498B1 (de) * 2013-08-20 2017-06-07 BAE Systems PLC Rauchnutzlastvorrichtung
EP2840349A1 (de) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-25 BAE Systems PLC Rauchnutzlastvorrichtung
FR3020059B1 (fr) * 2014-04-16 2017-09-01 Nexter Munitions Pot de composition fumigene
JP6585461B2 (ja) * 2015-10-20 2019-10-02 株式会社ダイセル 煙幕発生器
DE102017106333A1 (de) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Adaptiver Wurfkörper
CN111829395B (zh) * 2020-07-02 2021-07-23 安徽神剑科技股份有限公司 爆炸型生物材料均匀分散装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3575111A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-04-13 Us Navy Signaling device having manual firing means
FR2280876A1 (fr) * 1974-08-03 1976-02-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Charge fumigene ejectable pour projectiles fortement sollicites
EP0086708A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-24 Etienne Lacroix - Tous Artifices Sa Patrone zum Verschiessen elektromagnetischer Düppel, ausgerüstet mit mehreren Einzelladungen
FR2560186A1 (fr) * 1982-07-27 1985-08-30 France Etat Armement Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de fumee opaque au rayonnement infrarouge et munition fumigene obtenue
FR2612287A1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1988-09-16 France Etat Armement Projectile fumigene et munition ainsi equipee

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US4053433A (en) * 1975-02-19 1977-10-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of tagging with color-coded microparticles
US3993838A (en) * 1975-03-03 1976-11-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Wax or plastic coated phosphor grains
US3983817A (en) * 1975-05-19 1976-10-05 Remington Arms Company, Inc. Spotting projectile
DE2922500A1 (de) * 1979-05-31 1980-12-04 Schering Ag 6 beta .7 beta
US4791870A (en) * 1983-04-05 1988-12-20 Haley & Weller Limited Pyrotechnic assembly
SE8402109L (sv) * 1983-05-03 1984-11-04 Philips Svenska Ab Patron for utskjutning av stormedel, vilken patron innehaller flera stormedelsladdningar
DE3421708A1 (de) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke GmbH & Co, 7347 Bad Überkingen Einrichtung zur erzeugung einer scheinzielwolke, insbesondere einer infrarot-scheinzielwolke
US4651648A (en) * 1986-04-01 1987-03-24 The State Of Israel, Ministry Of Defence, Israel Military Industries Pyrotechnic aircraft carried bomb
FR2624113B1 (fr) * 1987-12-03 1990-04-20 France Etat Charge d'ejection pour munitions de defense rapprochee
US4969398A (en) * 1989-12-04 1990-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Lane marker
NO171750C (no) * 1991-01-21 1993-04-28 Raufoss As Anordning ved roeykgranat

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3575111A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-04-13 Us Navy Signaling device having manual firing means
FR2280876A1 (fr) * 1974-08-03 1976-02-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Charge fumigene ejectable pour projectiles fortement sollicites
EP0086708A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-24 Etienne Lacroix - Tous Artifices Sa Patrone zum Verschiessen elektromagnetischer Düppel, ausgerüstet mit mehreren Einzelladungen
FR2560186A1 (fr) * 1982-07-27 1985-08-30 France Etat Armement Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de fumee opaque au rayonnement infrarouge et munition fumigene obtenue
FR2612287A1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1988-09-16 France Etat Armement Projectile fumigene et munition ainsi equipee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69311805T2 (de) 1997-10-23
CA2108991A1 (fr) 1994-04-24
US5454324A (en) 1995-10-03
CA2108991C (fr) 1998-07-14
FR2697328A1 (fr) 1994-04-29
DE69311805D1 (de) 1997-07-31
EP0636854B1 (de) 1997-06-25

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