EP0636854A1 - Smoke projectile - Google Patents

Smoke projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0636854A1
EP0636854A1 EP93402427A EP93402427A EP0636854A1 EP 0636854 A1 EP0636854 A1 EP 0636854A1 EP 93402427 A EP93402427 A EP 93402427A EP 93402427 A EP93402427 A EP 93402427A EP 0636854 A1 EP0636854 A1 EP 0636854A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
smoke
pots
ammunition
ring
ejection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402427A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0636854B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Larmignat
Jean-Pierre Lepezennec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0636854A1 publication Critical patent/EP0636854A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0636854B1 publication Critical patent/EP0636854B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B5/15—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances for creating a screening or decoy effect, e.g. using radar chaff or infrared material
    • F42B5/155—Smoke-pot projectors, e.g. arranged on vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of smoke ammunition.
  • Smoke ammunition which comprises several pots of smoke-generating pyrotechnic composition which are placed in the envelope of an artillery shell.
  • the shell ejects the trajectories out of the envelope.
  • a pyrotechnic charge ensures both the ejection of the pots and their ignition.
  • the pots fall to the ground and generate a smoke screen opaque to radiation in the visible or visible and infrared range depending on the nature of the pyrotechnic composition contained in the pots.
  • Smoke ammunition which comprises pots of pyrotechnic composition which are ejected from an envelope secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure.
  • Patent FR8703415 describes such ammunition which makes it possible to disperse, on the one hand a powder ensuring rapid masking of the infrared and on the other hand smoke pots making it possible to generate an opaque infra-red screen, screen intended for stay put in a sustainable way.
  • a smoke screen will be all the more effective as the pots will not be too far from each other (relative distance of the order of a few meters to a few tens of meters depending on the volume of the smoke pots) so that there is overlap between the screens created by each of the pots.
  • the smoke pots ejected from the body of a shell will follow trajectories which are difficult to control and which will depend on the altitude at which the ejection is controlled.
  • the pots will therefore arrive on the ground with very variable relative distances from one shot to the next, which gives a random quality to the masking screen obtained.
  • the ammunition described by FR8703416 provides for holding the two smoke pots and the case containing the masking powder together by means of a rod. A separation charge causes the rupture of this rod after ejection of the pots from the envelope.
  • the invention aims to overcome such drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is an ammunition of the smoke type comprising at least two smoke pots placed in an envelope and ejected from the latter by means of an ejection composition, each pot having an axial channel and the axial channels being aligned so as to constitute an ignition channel for the smoke pots, the ignition being ensured by the ejection composition
  • this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises means ensuring a temporary axial connection of the two smoke pots during their ejection and on their trajectory.
  • connection means consist of a substantially cylindrical ring which penetrates into the axial channel of each of the smoke pots through holes provided in the cases of each of the pots, this ring having an external diameter smaller than that of the axial channel and having a tight fit with the holes provided in the cases.
  • Such a ring provides the axial connection during ejection but does not prohibit the separation of the pots during their impact on the ground. It also makes it possible to ensure a seal against the ejection gases at the interface between two adjacent pots.
  • the ring may have a collar which is pinched between the faces of the smoke pots which are in mutual contact.
  • the diameter of the bore of the ring increases regularly from a central zone to each end.
  • the ring can be made of a natural or synthetic polymer material.
  • the ammunition also comprises, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing containing a charge dispersible powder intended to provide instant masking of infrared, this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises a spring disposed between the housing containing the powder charge and the smoke pots, spring ensuring braking of the smoke pots by the housing when ejected from the envelope.
  • the spring may have a conical profile and be made integral with a smoke pot by means of a connecting piece.
  • a munition 1 is a smoke-producing cargo shell comprising a cylindrical casing 2 closed at one of its ends by a threaded base 3 and at the other end by a warhead 4, also threaded and carrying a chronometric rocket 5.
  • the envelope also carries at its rear part a belt 6 to ensure in a known manner the seal upon firing into the barrel of a weapon (not shown).
  • the envelope 2 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition.
  • the pots constitute a stack which is held axially on one side by the base 3 and on the other by a piston 8.
  • a threaded adjustment ring 9 is screwed onto a thread of the warhead 4 and makes it possible to apply the piston 8 against the stacking of the pots 7, thereby making up for the axial play.
  • composition which is placed in the pots 7a and 7b may for example be an opaque smoke composition with visible and infrared radiation of the type of that described by patent FR8213054.
  • This composition is put into the form of blocks 10 and 11 by compression or by casting (the blocks are designated in the figure by: 10a and 11a for the pot 7a, 10b and 11b for the pot 7b).
  • the blocks 10 and 11 of the same pot are placed in a metal case 12 (12a and 12b for the pots 7a and 7b respectively).
  • An annular tablet 13a, 13b of an ignition composition of known type is housed between the two blocks 10 and 11 of the same smoke pot 7.
  • Each pot 7 has an axial channel 14a, 14b which allows the ignition of the tablets 13 by the gases generated by an ejection composition 15 itself initiated by the rocket 5.
  • the channels 14a and 14b are axially aligned and have the same axis as the munition 1.
  • the gases reach the axial channels 14a and 14b through an opening 16 provided in the piston 8.
  • Each pot (7a, 7b) is closed by a cover (17a, 17b) pierced with an axial hole, each cover is held in place by an annular crimping of the corresponding case 12.
  • the smoke pots 7a and 7b are held axially by means of a ring 18. This ring is shown in detail in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the ring 18 also carries a collar 20 located at its median part. This collar is pinched between the covers 17a and 17b of the smoke pots 7a and 7b. It has a thickness substantially equal to twice that of each case 12.
  • this flange is to allow good positioning of the ring 18 relative to the axial channels 14a and 14b and thus to ensure good coaxiality of the ring 18 and the channels 14a and 14b.
  • the diameter (D) of the collar 20 will preferably be chosen to be greater than twice the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface 19.
  • the ring 18 penetrates inside each axial channel 14 of a length L which will preferably be equal to the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface of the ring 18.
  • the penetration of the ring also increases the seal by promoting the axial flow of gases.
  • the bore of the ring 18 comprises a cylindrical part 22, which is disposed at the middle zone and whose length is substantially equal to the thickness of the flange 20, as well as two conical portions 21a and 21b which extend on either side of the cylindrical part 22 towards the ends of the ring.
  • the internal diameter of the bore is minimal at the level of the cylindrical part 22.
  • Such a shape of the bore facilitates the industrial manufacture of the ring by molding.
  • the ring will preferably be made of a natural polymer material (such as coutchouc) or synthetic polymer such as a silicone or polyvinyl chloride or a polyamide.
  • a natural polymer material such as coutchouc
  • synthetic polymer such as a silicone or polyvinyl chloride or a polyamide.
  • the chronometric rocket causes the ignition composition 15 to ignite.
  • the pressure of the gases generated by the latter pushes on the piston 8, which has the effect of causing the shearing of the envelope / base link then ejection of the base 3 followed by the assembly constituted by the smoke pots 7a and 7b.
  • the gases pass through the piston 8 through the opening 16 and extend into the ignition channel formed by the two axial channels 14a and 14b. They initiate the ignition tablets 13a and 13b. Due to the presence of the ring 18, the gases cannot interfere between the two pots 7a and 7b, the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 2 and remain integral during their fall.
  • FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of the invention in which the ammunition is a smoke ammunition intended to be fixed on a close defense system secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure (not shown).
  • Such ammunition 101 is constituted by a cylindrical envelope 102 closed at one of its ends by a base 104 and at the other end by a cover 103.
  • the base 104 is intended to fix the ammunition on a close defense launcher of known type and not shown. It carries a lug 23 which allows locking on the launcher and an axial electrical contact 24 intended to allow the initiation of a primer 25.
  • the other electrical contact of the primer 25 is connected to the electrical ground of the launcher by the 'Intermediate of the base 104.
  • the electrical contact 24 is electrically isolated from the base 104 by an insulating sheath.
  • the primer 25 is intended to ignite an ejection composition 115, for example based on black powder or a charge of the type of that described in patent FR8716763.
  • This composition will generate gases which will exert pressure on a piston 108.
  • the piston also has an opening 116 which allows the passage of part of the gases to the smoke pots.
  • the envelope 102 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition, these pots are identical to those described in the previous embodiment.
  • the envelope 102 also contains, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing 26 which is filled with a charge of dispersible powder intended to ensure instant masking of the infrared.
  • This dispersible powder is for example a brass powder, it is dispersed by a pyrotechnic composition not shown (such as a powder or an explosive) and which is initiated by a pyrotechnic delay 27, itself ignited by the ejection gases from the pots smoke bombs.
  • a pyrotechnic composition not shown such as a powder or an explosive
  • a pyrotechnic delay 27 itself ignited by the ejection gases from the pots smoke bombs.
  • a spring 28 is disposed between the housing 26 containing the powder charge and the smoke pot 7b. This spring is intended to ensure separation of the housing and the smoke pots when they are ejected from the envelope 102.
  • the spring 28 is of conical winding which allows it to have a very small axial size when it is compressed. It is fixed by one of its ends 28a to the smoke pot 7b by means of a connecting piece 29. The spring is shown in the relaxed position in FIG. 3a, the latter representing the munition of FIG. 2 in which the housing 26 has been removed.
  • the connecting piece 29 is shown in more detail and in axial section in FIG. 3b. It is a stamped sheet metal plate which has a flat face 29a intended to come to bear on the smoke pot 7b and a tubular portion 29b whose end is crimped (reference 29c in FIG. 3a) on the end 28a of the spring .
  • the connecting piece 29 is pierced with three holes 30 regularly angularly distributed and which allow its fixing to the case 12b of the pot 7b by means of rivets 31.
  • the stack formed by the two smoke pots 7a and 7b and the housing 26 is held axially in the envelope by a closing cover 103.
  • This cover is made integral with the envelope by radial pins 32.
  • a wedging washer is disposed between the cover 103 and the housing 26.
  • Another washer made of compressible material 34 (such as rubber) is interposed between the piston 108 and the smoke pot 7a and allows play to be taken up during assembly of the ammunition. .
  • the fire signal is given by the close defense system.
  • the primer 25 ignites the ejection composition 115.
  • the gases also ignite the pyrotechnic delay 27 intended to cause the initiation of the explosive charge ensuring the dispersion of the powder contained in the housing 26.
  • the ring 18 prevents the gases from interfering between the two pots 7a and 7b and the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 102 and remain integral during their trajectory.
  • the spring 28 is released by the ejection of the cover 103. It relaxes at the same time giving an impulse to the housing 26 and braking to the set of pots 7a and 7b.
  • the range obtained depends on the masses and inertias of the different elements as well as the mass of ejection composition.
  • the spacing obtained between the housing 26 and the pots 7a, 7b also depends on the stiffness of the spring.
  • these elements will be sized to obtain an impact on the ground of the two smoke pots 7a and 7b at a distance from the close defense system (therefore from the vehicle or the fixed platform on which it is adapted) of the order of 20 m.
  • the pyrotechnic delay initiating the deployment of the powder charge will be determined so that this deployment occurs at a close distance from the defense system of the order of 20m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

Le secteur technique de l'invention est celui des munitions fumigènes. La munition (1) selon l'invention comprend au moins deux pots fumigènes (7a,7b) disposés dans une enveloppe (2) et éjectés hors de cette dernière au moyen d'une composition d'éjection (15), chaque pot présente un canal axial (14a,14b) et les canaux axiaux sont alignés de façon à constituer un canal d'allumage des pots fumigènes, l'allumage étant assuré par la composition d'éjection, cette munition est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens (18) assurant une liaison axiale temporaire des deux pots fumigènes (7a,7b) lors de leur éjection et sur leur trajectoire. Application aux munitions engendrant un nuage de fumée opaque aux infra-rouge. <IMAGE>The technical sector of the invention is that of smoke ammunition. The ammunition (1) according to the invention comprises at least two smoke pots (7a, 7b) arranged in an envelope (2) and ejected from the latter by means of an ejection composition (15), each pot has a axial channel (14a, 14b) and the axial channels are aligned so as to constitute an ignition channel for the smoke pots, the ignition being ensured by the ejection composition, this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises means (18) ensuring a temporary axial connection of the two smoke pots (7a, 7b) during their ejection and on their trajectory. Application to ammunition generating an opaque infrared smoke cloud. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine de la présente invention est celui des munitions fumigènes.The field of the present invention is that of smoke ammunition.

On connaît des munitions fumigènes qui comportent plusieurs pots de composition pyrotechnique génératrice de fumée qui sont disposés dans l'enveloppe d'un obus d'artillerie.Smoke ammunition is known which comprises several pots of smoke-generating pyrotechnic composition which are placed in the envelope of an artillery shell.

A un instant qui est déterminé par une fusée chronométrique, l'obus éjecte sur trajectoire les pots hors de l'enveloppe.At an instant which is determined by a chronometric rocket, the shell ejects the trajectories out of the envelope.

Une charge pyrotechnique assure à la fois l'éjection des pots et leur allumage. Les pots tombent sur le sol et générent un écran fumigène opaque aux rayonnements dans le domaine visible ou visible et infra-rouge suivant la nature de la composition pyrotechnique contenue dans les pots.A pyrotechnic charge ensures both the ejection of the pots and their ignition. The pots fall to the ground and generate a smoke screen opaque to radiation in the visible or visible and infrared range depending on the nature of the pyrotechnic composition contained in the pots.

On connaît également des munitions fumigènes qui comportent des pots de composition pyrotechnique qui sont éjectés hors d'une enveloppe solidaire d'un véhicule ou d'une structure fixe.Smoke ammunition is also known which comprises pots of pyrotechnic composition which are ejected from an envelope secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure.

Le brevet FR8703415 décrit une telle munition qui permet de disperser, d'une part une poudre assurant un masquage rapide de l'infra-rouge et d'autre part des pots fumigènes permettant de générer un écran opaque aux infra-rouge, écran destiné à rester en place d'une façon durable.Patent FR8703415 describes such ammunition which makes it possible to disperse, on the one hand a powder ensuring rapid masking of the infrared and on the other hand smoke pots making it possible to generate an opaque infra-red screen, screen intended for stay put in a sustainable way.

Toutes les munitions décrites ci-dessus présentent comme inconvénient de ne pas permettre une bonne mise en place sur le sol des pots fumigènes.All the ammunition described above has the disadvantage of not allowing good placement on the ground of smoke pots.

En effet, un écran fumigène sera d'autant plus efficace que les pots ne se trouveront pas trop éloignés les uns des autres (distance relative de l'ordre de quelques mètres à quelques dizaines de mètres suivant le volume des pots fumigènes) afin qu'il y ait recouvrement entre les écrans créés par chacun des pots.Indeed, a smoke screen will be all the more effective as the pots will not be too far from each other (relative distance of the order of a few meters to a few tens of meters depending on the volume of the smoke pots) so that there is overlap between the screens created by each of the pots.

Les pots fumigènes éjectés hors du corps d'un obus vont suivre des trajectoires difficilement maîtrisables et qui vont dépendre de l'altitude à laquelle est commandée l'éjection. Les pots vont donc arriver sur le sol avec des distances relatives très variables d'un tir à l'autre ce qui donne une qualité aléatoire à l'écran de masquage obtenu.The smoke pots ejected from the body of a shell will follow trajectories which are difficult to control and which will depend on the altitude at which the ejection is controlled. The pots will therefore arrive on the ground with very variable relative distances from one shot to the next, which gives a random quality to the masking screen obtained.

On notera également qu'une fuite des gaz d'éjection peut se produire au niveau de l'interface entre deux pots adjacents. Cette fuite a pour eftet de provoquer lors de l'éjection un écartement des pots dans des proportions non maîtrisables.It should also be noted that a leakage of the ejection gases can occur at the interface between two adjacent pots. This leak has the effect of causing the jars to spread apart in uncontrollable proportions.

De même, la munition décrite par FR8703416 prévoit de maintenir solidaires les deux pots fumigènes et l'étui contenant la poudre de masquage au moyen d'une tige. Une charge de séparation provoque la rupture de cette tige après éjection des pots hors de l'enveloppe.Similarly, the ammunition described by FR8703416 provides for holding the two smoke pots and the case containing the masking powder together by means of a rod. A separation charge causes the rupture of this rod after ejection of the pots from the envelope.

Cependant après rupture de la tige les deux pots fumigènes ne sont plus solidaires l'un de l'autre et ils vont tomber sur le sol à des distances trop importantes l'un de l'autre pour que le masquage soit efficace.However after rupture of the rod the two smoke pots are no longer integral with one another and they will fall to the ground at distances too great from each other for masking to be effective.

On a constaté également qu'il était très délicat de maîtriser l'impulsion de freinage donnée par la charge de séparation sur les pots fumigènes. Cette impulsion entraîne des écarts relativement importants d'une munition à une autre sur les distances entre le véhicule ou la structure à masquer et l'écran fumigène obtenu.It was also found that it was very difficult to control the braking impulse given by the separation charge on the smoke pots. This pulse leads to relatively large deviations from one munition to another over the distances between the vehicle or the structure to be masked and the smoke screen obtained.

L'invention a pour but de pallier de tels inconvénients.The invention aims to overcome such drawbacks.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une munition du type fumigène comprenant au moins deux pots fumigènes disposés dans une enveloppe et éjectés hors de cette dernière au moyen d'une composition d'éjection, chaque pot présentant un canal axial et les canaux axiaux étant alignés de façon à constituer un canal d'allumage des pots fumigènes, l'allumage étant assuré par la composition d'éjection, cette munition est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens assurant une liaison axiale temporaire des deux pots fumigènes lors de leur éjection et sur leur trajectoire.Thus the subject of the invention is an ammunition of the smoke type comprising at least two smoke pots placed in an envelope and ejected from the latter by means of an ejection composition, each pot having an axial channel and the axial channels being aligned so as to constitute an ignition channel for the smoke pots, the ignition being ensured by the ejection composition, this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises means ensuring a temporary axial connection of the two smoke pots during their ejection and on their trajectory.

Une telle disposition permet de maîtriser la distance relative entre les pots après leur arrivée au sol.Such an arrangement makes it possible to control the relative distance between the pots after their arrival on the ground.

D'une façon préférentielle, les moyens de liaison sont constitués par une bague sensiblement cylindrique qui pénètre dans le canal axial de chacun des pots fumigènes au travers de trous aménagés dans les étuis de chacun des pots, cette bague ayant un diamètre externe inférieur à celui du canal axial et présentant un ajustement serré avec les trous aménagés dans les étuis.Preferably, the connection means consist of a substantially cylindrical ring which penetrates into the axial channel of each of the smoke pots through holes provided in the cases of each of the pots, this ring having an external diameter smaller than that of the axial channel and having a tight fit with the holes provided in the cases.

Une telle bague assure la liaison axiale lors de l'éjection mais n'interdit pas la séparation des pots lors de leur impact au sol. Elle permet également d'assurer une étanchéité aux gaz d'éjection au niveau de l'interface entre deux pots adjacents.Such a ring provides the axial connection during ejection but does not prohibit the separation of the pots during their impact on the ground. It also makes it possible to ensure a seal against the ejection gases at the interface between two adjacent pots.

La bague pourra présenter une collerette qui est pincée entre les faces des pots fumigènes qui sont en contact mutuel.The ring may have a collar which is pinched between the faces of the smoke pots which are in mutual contact.

Elle pourra pénétrer dans chaque canal axial d'une longueur sensiblement égale au diamètre externe de la bague.It can enter each axial channel of a length substantially equal to the external diameter of the ring.

De telles dispositions contribuent à une bonne étanchéite.Such provisions contribute to good sealing.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le diamètre de l'alésage de la bague croît régulièrement à partir d'une zone médiane jusqu'à chaque extrémité.According to another characteristic, the diameter of the bore of the ring increases regularly from a central zone to each end.

La bague pourra être réalisée en un matériau polymère naturel ou synthétique.The ring can be made of a natural or synthetic polymer material.

Selon une autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel les pots fumigènes engendrent un nuage de fumée opaque aux infra-rouge, la munition comporte également, en avant de l'enveloppe dans le sens d'éjection, un boîtier contenant une charge de poudre dispersable destinée à assurer un masquage instantané des infra-rouge, cette munition est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un ressort disposé entre le boîtier contenant la charge de poudre et les pots fumigènes, ressort assurant un freinage des pots fumigènes par le boîtier lors de leur éjection hors de l'enveloppe.According to another embodiment of the invention, in which the smoke pots generate a cloud of infrared opaque smoke, the ammunition also comprises, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing containing a charge dispersible powder intended to provide instant masking of infrared, this ammunition is characterized in that it comprises a spring disposed between the housing containing the powder charge and the smoke pots, spring ensuring braking of the smoke pots by the housing when ejected from the envelope.

Une telle disposition permet de maîtriser l'efforts de freinage communiqué aux pots fumigènes par le boîtier contenant la charge de poudre dispersable.Such an arrangement makes it possible to control the braking forces communicated to the smoke pots by the box containing the load of dispersible powder.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le ressort pourra avoir un profil conique et être rendu solidaire d'un pot fumigène au moyen d'une pièce de liaison.According to other characteristics, the spring may have a conical profile and be made integral with a smoke pot by means of a connecting piece.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement en coupe axiale un obus fumigène selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente en coupe axiale une munition fumigène selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, munition destinée à assurer le masquage d'un véhicule vis a vis du rayonnement infra rouge,
  • la figure 3a représente une munition du type de celle représenté sur la figure 2 mais dans laquelle le boîtier contenant la charge de poudre dispersable a été retiré,
  • la figure 3b représente la pièce de fixation du ressort d'éjection,
  • les figures 4a et 4b représentent la bague assurant une liaison axiale des pots fumigènes, la figure 4b étant une coupe de la figure 4a suivant le plan AA.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents in axial section a smoke shell according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 represents in axial section a smoke ammunition according to a second embodiment of the invention, ammunition intended to ensure the masking of a vehicle with respect to infrared radiation,
  • FIG. 3a represents a munition of the type of that represented in FIG. 2 but in which the housing containing the charge of dispersible powder has been removed,
  • FIG. 3b represents the attachment part of the ejection spring,
  • Figures 4a and 4b show the ring ensuring an axial connection of the smoke pots, Figure 4b being a section of Figure 4a along the plane AA.

En se reportant à la figure 1, une munition 1 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention est un obus cargo fumigène comprenant une enveloppe cylindrique 2 fermée à une de ses extrémités par un culot fileté 3 et à l'autre extrémité par une ogive 4, également filetée et portant une fusée chronométrique 5.Referring to FIG. 1, a munition 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is a smoke-producing cargo shell comprising a cylindrical casing 2 closed at one of its ends by a threaded base 3 and at the other end by a warhead 4, also threaded and carrying a chronometric rocket 5.

L'enveloppe porte également à sa partie arrière une ceinture 6 pour assurer d'une manière connue l'étanchéité lors du tir dans le tube d'une arme (non représentée).The envelope also carries at its rear part a belt 6 to ensure in a known manner the seal upon firing into the barrel of a weapon (not shown).

L'enveloppe 2 contient deux pots 7a,7b d'une composition pyrotechnique fumigène. Les pots constituent un empilement qui est maintenu axialement d'un côté par le culot 3 et de l'autre par un piston 8. Une bague de réglage 9 filetée se visse sur un taraudage de l'ogive 4 et permet d'appliquer le piston 8 contre l'empilement des pots 7 en rattrapant ainsi le jeu axial.The envelope 2 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition. The pots constitute a stack which is held axially on one side by the base 3 and on the other by a piston 8. A threaded adjustment ring 9 is screwed onto a thread of the warhead 4 and makes it possible to apply the piston 8 against the stacking of the pots 7, thereby making up for the axial play.

La composition qui est mise en place dans les pots 7a et 7b pourra par exemple être une composition fumigène opaque aux rayonnements visibles et Infra-rouge du type de celle décrite par le brevet FR8213054.The composition which is placed in the pots 7a and 7b may for example be an opaque smoke composition with visible and infrared radiation of the type of that described by patent FR8213054.

Cette composition est mise à la forme des blocs 10 et 11 par compression ou par coulée (les blocs sont désignés sur la figure par: 10a et 11a pour le pot 7a, 10b et 11b pour le pot 7b).This composition is put into the form of blocks 10 and 11 by compression or by casting (the blocks are designated in the figure by: 10a and 11a for the pot 7a, 10b and 11b for the pot 7b).

Les blocs 10 et 11 d'un même pot sont mis en place dans un étui métallique 12 (12a et 12b pour les pots 7a et 7b respectivement). Un comprimé annulaire 13a, 13b d'une composition d'allumage de type connu (un mélange oxydant/réducteur/liant) est logé entre les deux blocs 10 et 11 d'un même pot fumigène 7.The blocks 10 and 11 of the same pot are placed in a metal case 12 (12a and 12b for the pots 7a and 7b respectively). An annular tablet 13a, 13b of an ignition composition of known type (an oxidizing / reducing / binder mixture) is housed between the two blocks 10 and 11 of the same smoke pot 7.

Chaque pot 7 comporte un canal axial 14a, 14b qui permet l'allumage des comprimés 13 par les gaz générés par une composition d'éjection 15 elle même initiée par la fusée 5.Each pot 7 has an axial channel 14a, 14b which allows the ignition of the tablets 13 by the gases generated by an ejection composition 15 itself initiated by the rocket 5.

Les canaux 14a et 14b sont alignés axialement et ont même axe que la munition 1.The channels 14a and 14b are axially aligned and have the same axis as the munition 1.

Les gaz parviennent aux canaux axiaux 14a et 14b au travers d'une ouverture 16 amenagée dans le piston 8.The gases reach the axial channels 14a and 14b through an opening 16 provided in the piston 8.

Chaque pot (7a,7b) est fermé par un couvercle (17a, 17b) percé d'un trou axial, chaque couvercle est maintenu en place par un sertissage annulaire de l'étui 12 correspondant.Each pot (7a, 7b) is closed by a cover (17a, 17b) pierced with an axial hole, each cover is held in place by an annular crimping of the corresponding case 12.

Les pots fumigènes 7a et 7b sont maintenus axialement par l'intermédiaire d'une bague 18. Cette bague est représentée en détail sur les figures 4a et 4b.The smoke pots 7a and 7b are held axially by means of a ring 18. This ring is shown in detail in FIGS. 4a and 4b.

Elle comporte une surface cylindrique externe 19 dont le diamètre (d) est inférieur à celui du canal axial 14 mais supérieur à celui des trous des couvercles 17a et 17b.It has an external cylindrical surface 19 whose diameter (d) is less than that of the axial channel 14 but greater than that of the holes of the covers 17a and 17b.

Ainsi cette surface cylindrique 19 se trouve ajustée serrée dans les trous des couvercles 17a et 17b.Thus this cylindrical surface 19 is fitted tight in the holes of the covers 17a and 17b.

La bague 18 porte également une collerette 20 située au niveau de sa partie médiane. Cette collerette se trouve pincée entre les couvercles 17a et 17b des pots fumigènes 7a et 7b. Elle a un épaisseur sensiblement égale au double de celle de chaque étui 12.The ring 18 also carries a collar 20 located at its median part. This collar is pinched between the covers 17a and 17b of the smoke pots 7a and 7b. It has a thickness substantially equal to twice that of each case 12.

Cette collerette a pour fonction de permettre un bon positionnement de la bague 18 par rapport aux canaux axiaux 14a et 14b et d'assurer ainsi une bonne coaxialité de la bague 18 et des canaux 14a et 14b.The function of this flange is to allow good positioning of the ring 18 relative to the axial channels 14a and 14b and thus to ensure good coaxiality of the ring 18 and the channels 14a and 14b.

Le diamètre (D) de la collerette 20 sera de préférence choisi supérieur à deux fois le diamètre (d) de la surface cylindrique 19.The diameter (D) of the collar 20 will preferably be chosen to be greater than twice the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface 19.

La bague 18 pénètre à l'intérieur de chaque canal axial 14 d'une longueur L qui sera de préférence égale au diamètre (d) de la surface cylindrique de la bague 18.The ring 18 penetrates inside each axial channel 14 of a length L which will preferably be equal to the diameter (d) of the cylindrical surface of the ring 18.

Une longueur de pénétration (L) suffisante à l'intérieur de chaque canal, un ajustement serré entre l'étui et la bague, ainsi que la présence d'une collerette 20 contribuent à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz de la composition d'éjection 15 au niveau de la liaison entre les deux pots 7a et 7b.A sufficient penetration length (L) inside each channel, a tight fit between the case and the ring, as well as the presence of a flange 20 contribute to ensuring gas-tightness of the ejection composition 15 at the connection between the two pots 7a and 7b.

La pénétration de la bague augmente également l'étanchéité en favorisant l'écoulement axial des gaz.The penetration of the ring also increases the seal by promoting the axial flow of gases.

L'alésage de la bague 18 comprend une partie cylindrique 22, qui est disposée au niveau de la zone médiane et dont la longueur est sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur de la collerette 20, ainsi que deux portions coniques 21a et 21b qui s'étendent de part et d'autre de la partie cylindrique 22 vers les extrémités de la bague. Le diamètre interne de l'alésage est minimal au niveau de la partie cylindrique 22.The bore of the ring 18 comprises a cylindrical part 22, which is disposed at the middle zone and whose length is substantially equal to the thickness of the flange 20, as well as two conical portions 21a and 21b which extend on either side of the cylindrical part 22 towards the ends of the ring. The internal diameter of the bore is minimal at the level of the cylindrical part 22.

Une telle forme de l'alésage facilite la fabrication industrielle de la bague par moulage.Such a shape of the bore facilitates the industrial manufacture of the ring by molding.

La bague sera réalisée de préférence en un matériau polymère naturel (tel le coutchouc) ou polymère synthétique tel un silicone ou du chlorure de polyvinyle ou encore un polyamide.The ring will preferably be made of a natural polymer material (such as coutchouc) or synthetic polymer such as a silicone or polyvinyl chloride or a polyamide.

Le fonctionnement de cette munition est le suivant:The operation of this munition is as follows:

A un instant programmé avant le tir, la fusée chronométrique provoque l'allumage de la composition d'éjection 15. La pression des gaz engendrés par cette dernière pousse sur le piston 8 ce qui a pour effet de provoquer le cisaillement de la liaison enveloppe/culot puis l'éjection du culot 3 suivi de l'ensemble constitué par les pots fumigènes 7a et 7b.At a programmed instant before firing, the chronometric rocket causes the ignition composition 15 to ignite. The pressure of the gases generated by the latter pushes on the piston 8, which has the effect of causing the shearing of the envelope / base link then ejection of the base 3 followed by the assembly constituted by the smoke pots 7a and 7b.

Dans le même temps les gaz traversent le piston 8 par l'ouverture 16 et s'étendent dans le canal d'allumage constitué par les deux canaux axiaux 14a et 14b. Ils initient les comprimés d'allumage 13a et 13b. Du fait de la présence de la bague 18, les gaz ne peuvent pas s'immiscer entre les deux pots 7a et 7b, ces derniers sont donc éjectés ensemble hors de l'enveloppe 2 et restent solidaires au cours de leur chute.At the same time the gases pass through the piston 8 through the opening 16 and extend into the ignition channel formed by the two axial channels 14a and 14b. They initiate the ignition tablets 13a and 13b. Due to the presence of the ring 18, the gases cannot interfere between the two pots 7a and 7b, the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 2 and remain integral during their fall.

L'impact au sol est suffisamment violent pour provoquer la séparation des deux pots, mais après séparation et rebonds éventuels, la distance maximale qui sépare les pots ne dépassera pas 50 mètres pour un calibre de munition de 155mm. On est ainsi assuré d'avoir un recouvrement des écrans fumigènes engendrés par chaque pot.The impact on the ground is violent enough to cause the separation of the two pots, but after separation and possible rebounds, the maximum distance between the pots will not exceed 50 meters for a caliber of 155mm ammunition. We are thus guaranteed to have an overlap of the smoke screens generated by each pot.

La figure 2 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel la munition est une munition fumigène destinée à être fixée sur un système de défense rapprochée solidaire d'un véhicule ou d'une structure fixe (non représenté).FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of the invention in which the ammunition is a smoke ammunition intended to be fixed on a close defense system secured to a vehicle or to a fixed structure (not shown).

Les éléments constitutifs de cette munition qui sont identiques à ceux décrits précédemment sont affectés sur les figures 2 et 3 des mêmes numéros que ceux utilisés sur les figures 1 et 4.The constituent elements of this munition which are identical to those described above are assigned in FIGS. 2 and 3 with the same numbers as those used in FIGS. 1 and 4.

Une telle munition 101 est constituée par une enveloppe cylindrique 102 fermée à une de ses extrémités par une embase 104 et à l'autre extrémité par un couvercle 103.Such ammunition 101 is constituted by a cylindrical envelope 102 closed at one of its ends by a base 104 and at the other end by a cover 103.

L'embase 104 est destinée à fixer la munition sur un lanceur de défense rapproché de type connu et non représenté. Elle porte un ergot 23 qui permet le verrouillage sur le lanceur et un contact électrique axial 24 destiné à permettre l'initiation d'une amorce 25. L'autre contact électrique de l'amorce 25 est relié à la masse électrique du lanceur par l'intermédiaire de l'embase 104. Le contact électrique 24 est isolé électriquement de l'embase 104 par une gaine isolante.The base 104 is intended to fix the ammunition on a close defense launcher of known type and not shown. It carries a lug 23 which allows locking on the launcher and an axial electrical contact 24 intended to allow the initiation of a primer 25. The other electrical contact of the primer 25 is connected to the electrical ground of the launcher by the 'Intermediate of the base 104. The electrical contact 24 is electrically isolated from the base 104 by an insulating sheath.

L'amorce 25 est destinée à allumer une composition d'éjection 115 par exemple à base de poudre noire ou d'une charge du type de celle décrite dans le brevet FR8716763.The primer 25 is intended to ignite an ejection composition 115, for example based on black powder or a charge of the type of that described in patent FR8716763.

Cette composition générera des gaz qui vont exercer une pression sur un piston 108. Le piston présente également une ouverture 116 qui autorise le passage d'une partie des gaz vers les pots fumigènes.This composition will generate gases which will exert pressure on a piston 108. The piston also has an opening 116 which allows the passage of part of the gases to the smoke pots.

L'enveloppe 102 contient deux pots 7a,7b d'une composition pyrotechnique fumigène, ces pots sont identiques à ceux décrits dans le mode de réalisation précédent.The envelope 102 contains two pots 7a, 7b of a smoke pyrotechnic composition, these pots are identical to those described in the previous embodiment.

L'enveloppe 102 contient également, en avant de l'enveloppe dans le sens d'éjection, un boîtier 26 qui est rempli d'une charge de poudre dispersable destinée à assurer un masquage instantané des infra-rouge.The envelope 102 also contains, in front of the envelope in the direction of ejection, a housing 26 which is filled with a charge of dispersible powder intended to ensure instant masking of the infrared.

Cette poudre dispersable est par exemple une poudre de laiton, elle est dispersée par une composition pyrotechnique non représentée (telle une poudre ou un explosif) et qui se trouve initiée par un retard pyrotechnique 27, lui même allumé par les gaz d'éjection des pots fumigènes. La structure d'un tel boîtier est décrite en détail dans le brevet FR8703415.This dispersible powder is for example a brass powder, it is dispersed by a pyrotechnic composition not shown (such as a powder or an explosive) and which is initiated by a pyrotechnic delay 27, itself ignited by the ejection gases from the pots smoke bombs. The structure of such a housing is described in detail in patent FR8703415.

Un ressort 28 est disposé entre le boîtier 26 contenant la charge de poudre et le pot fumigène 7b. Ce ressort est destiné à assurer une séparation du boîtier et des pots fumigènes lors de leur éjection hors de l'enveloppe 102.A spring 28 is disposed between the housing 26 containing the powder charge and the smoke pot 7b. This spring is intended to ensure separation of the housing and the smoke pots when they are ejected from the envelope 102.

Le ressort 28 est à enroulement conique ce qui lui permet d'avoir un très faible encombrement axial lorsqu'il est comprimé. Il est fixé par une de ses extrémités 28a sur le pot fumigène 7b par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de liaison 29. Le ressort est représenté en position détendue sur la figure 3a, cette dernière représentant la munition de la figure 2 dans laquelle le boîtier 26 a été retiré.The spring 28 is of conical winding which allows it to have a very small axial size when it is compressed. It is fixed by one of its ends 28a to the smoke pot 7b by means of a connecting piece 29. The spring is shown in the relaxed position in FIG. 3a, the latter representing the munition of FIG. 2 in which the housing 26 has been removed.

La pièce de liaison 29 est représentée plus en détail et en coupe axiale sur la figure 3b. C'est une plaque de tôle emboutie qui présente une face plane 29a destinée à venir en appui sur le pot fumigène 7b et une portion tubulaire 29b dont l'extrémité est sertie (repère 29c sur la figure 3a) sur l'extrémité 28a du ressort.The connecting piece 29 is shown in more detail and in axial section in FIG. 3b. It is a stamped sheet metal plate which has a flat face 29a intended to come to bear on the smoke pot 7b and a tubular portion 29b whose end is crimped (reference 29c in FIG. 3a) on the end 28a of the spring .

La pièce de liaison 29 est percée de trois trous 30 régulièrement répartis angulairement et qui permettent sa fixation sur l'étui 12b du pot 7b au moyen de rivets 31.The connecting piece 29 is pierced with three holes 30 regularly angularly distributed and which allow its fixing to the case 12b of the pot 7b by means of rivets 31.

L'empilement constitué par les deux pots fumigènes 7a et 7b et le boîtier 26 est maintenu axialement dans l'enveloppe par un couvercle de fermeture 103. Ce couvercle est rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe par des goupilles radiales 32.The stack formed by the two smoke pots 7a and 7b and the housing 26 is held axially in the envelope by a closing cover 103. This cover is made integral with the envelope by radial pins 32.

Une rondelle de calage est disposée entre le couvercle 103 et le boîtier 26. Une autre rondelle en matériau compressible 34 (tel le caoutchouc) est intercalée entre le piston 108 et le pot fumigène 7a et permet un rattrapage des jeux lors du montage de la munition.A wedging washer is disposed between the cover 103 and the housing 26. Another washer made of compressible material 34 (such as rubber) is interposed between the piston 108 and the smoke pot 7a and allows play to be taken up during assembly of the ammunition. .

Le fonctionnement de cette munition est le suivant:The operation of this munition is as follows:

Le signal de tir est donné par le système de défense rapproché. L'amorce 25 allume la composition d'éjection 115.The fire signal is given by the close defense system. The primer 25 ignites the ejection composition 115.

Les gaz engendrés par cette dernière poussent le piston 108 et provoquent le cisaillement des goupilles 32 ainsi que l'éjection de l'empilement des pots 7a, 7b et du boîtier 26 hors de l'enveloppe 102.The gases generated by the latter push the piston 108 and cause the pins 32 to shear as well as the ejection of the stack of pots 7a, 7b and of the housing 26 from the envelope 102.

Dans le même temps les gaz traversent l'ouverture 116 et s'étendent dans le canal d'allumage constitué par les deux canaux axiaux 14a et 14b des pots 7a et 7b.At the same time the gases pass through the opening 116 and extend into the ignition channel formed by the two axial channels 14a and 14b of the pots 7a and 7b.

Ils initient les comprimés d'allumage 13a et 13b. Les gaz allument également le retard pyrotechnique 27 destiné à provoquer l'initiation de la charge explosive assurant la dispersion de la poudre contenue dans le boîtier 26.They initiate the ignition tablets 13a and 13b. The gases also ignite the pyrotechnic delay 27 intended to cause the initiation of the explosive charge ensuring the dispersion of the powder contained in the housing 26.

Comme dans le premier mode de réalisation décrit, la bague 18 empêche les gaz de s'immiscer entre les deux pots 7a et 7b et ces derniers se trouvent donc éjectés ensemble hors de l'enveloppe 102 et restent solidaires au cours de leur trajectoire.As in the first embodiment described, the ring 18 prevents the gases from interfering between the two pots 7a and 7b and the latter are therefore ejected together out of the envelope 102 and remain integral during their trajectory.

Le ressort 28 se trouve libéré par l'éjection du couvercle 103. Il se détend en donnant dans le même temps une impulsion au boîtier 26 et un freinage à l'ensemble des pots 7a et 7b. La portée obtenue dépend des masses et inerties des différents éléments ainsi que de la masse de composition d'éjection. L'écartement obtenu entre le boîtier 26 et les pots 7a, 7b dépend également de la raideur du ressort.The spring 28 is released by the ejection of the cover 103. It relaxes at the same time giving an impulse to the housing 26 and braking to the set of pots 7a and 7b. The range obtained depends on the masses and inertias of the different elements as well as the mass of ejection composition. The spacing obtained between the housing 26 and the pots 7a, 7b also depends on the stiffness of the spring.

L'utilisation d'un ressort pour freiner les pots fumigènes permet de maîtriser facilement la balistique de ces derniers.The use of a spring to brake the smoke pots makes it easy to control their ballistics.

Pratiquement pour un calibre de munition de 80mm, on dimensionnera ces éléments pour obtenir un impact sur le sol des deux pots fumigènes 7a et 7b à une distance du système de défense rapprochée (donc du véhicule ou de la plate-forme fixe sur lequel il est adapté) de l'ordre de 20 m.Practically for an ammunition caliber of 80mm, these elements will be sized to obtain an impact on the ground of the two smoke pots 7a and 7b at a distance from the close defense system (therefore from the vehicle or the fixed platform on which it is adapted) of the order of 20 m.

Le retard pyrotechnique initiant le déploiement de la charge de poudre sera déterminé de telle sorte que ce déploiement intervienne à une distance du système de défense rapprochée de l'ordre de 20m.The pyrotechnic delay initiating the deployment of the powder charge will be determined so that this deployment occurs at a close distance from the defense system of the order of 20m.

Du fait de la présence de la bague 18, les pots fumigènes 7a et 7b restent solidaires jusqu'à leur impact sur le sol.Due to the presence of the ring 18, the smoke pots 7a and 7b remain integral until their impact on the ground.

L'impact au sol est suffisamment violent pour provoquer la séparation des deux pots, mais après séparation et rebonds éventuels la distance maximale qui sépare les pots ne dépassera pas 15m. On est ainsi assuré d'avoir un recouvrement des écrans fumigènes engendrés par chaque pot.The impact on the ground is violent enough to cause the separation of the two pots, but after separation and possible rebounds the maximum distance between the pots will not exceed 15m. We are thus guaranteed to have an overlap of the smoke screens generated by each pot.

Claims (9)

1-Munition (1,101) du type fumigène comprenant au moins deux pots fumigènes (7a,7b) disposés dans une enveloppe (2,102) et éjectés hors de cette dernière au moyen d'une composition d'éjection (15,115), chaque pot présentant un canal axial (14a,14b) et les canaux axiaux étant alignés de façon à constituer un canal d'allumage des pots fumigènes, l'allumage étant assuré par la composition d'éjection, munition caractérisée en ce qu 'elle comporte des moyens (18) assurant une liaison axiale temporaire des deux pots fumigènes (7a,7b) lors de leur éjection et sur leur trajectoire. 1- Ammunition (1,101) of the smoke type comprising at least two smoke pots (7a, 7b) disposed in an envelope (2,102) and ejected from the latter by means of an ejection composition (15,115), each pot having a axial channel (14a, 14b) and the axial channels are aligned so as to constitute an ignition channel of the smoke pots, ignition being ensured by the ejection composition, munition characterized in that it comprises means (18 ) ensuring a temporary axial connection of the two smoke pots (7a, 7b) during their ejection and on their trajectory. 2-Munition selon la revendication 1, caracterisée en ce que les moyens de liaison sont constitués par une bague (18) sensiblement cylindrique qui pénètre dans le canal axial (14a,14b) de chacun des pots fumigènes (7a,7b) au travers de trous aménagés dans les étuis (12a,12b) de chacun des pots, cette bague ayant un diamètre externe (d) inférieur à celui du canal axial et présentant un ajustement serré avec les trous aménagés dans les étuis. 2- Ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting means consist of a ring (18) substantially cylindrical which penetrates into the axial channel (14a, 14b) of each of the smoke pots (7a, 7b) through holes arranged in the cases (12a, 12b) of each of the pots, this ring having an external diameter (d) smaller than that of the axial channel and having a tight fit with the holes provided in the cases. 3-Munition selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la bague (18) présente une collerette (20) qui est pincée entre les faces des pots fumigènes (7a,7b) qui sont en contact mutuel. 3- Ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that the ring (18) has a flange (20) which is pinched between the faces of the smoke pots (7a, 7b) which are in mutual contact. 4-Munition selon une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la bague (18) pénètre dans chaque canal axial (14a,14b) d'une longueur (L) sensiblement égale au diamètre externe (d) de la bague. 4- Ammunition according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the ring (18) penetrates into each axial channel (14a, 14b) of a length (L) substantially equal to the external diameter (d) of the ring. 5-Munition selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre de l'alésage de la bague (18) croît régulièrement à partir d'une zone médiane jusqu'à chaque extrémité. 5- Ammunition according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the bore of the ring (18) increases regularly from a middle zone to each end. 6-Munition selon une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la bague (18) est réalisée en un matériau polymère naturel ou synthétique. 6- Ammunition according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the ring (18) is made of a natural or synthetic polymer material. 7-Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 6 et dans laquelle les pots fumigènes (7a,7b) engendrent un nuage de fumée opaque aux infra-rouge, munition (101) comportant également, en avant de l'enveloppe (102) dans le sens d'éjection, un boîtier (26) contenant une charge de poudre dispersable destinée à assurer un masquage instantané des infra-rouge, munition caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un ressort (28) disposé entre le boîtier (26) contenant la charge de poudre et les pots fumigènes (7a,7b), ressort assurant un freinage des pots fumigènes par le boîtier lors de leur éjection hors de l'enveloppe. 7- Ammunition according to one of claims 1 to 6 and wherein the smoke pots (7a, 7b) generate an opaque infrared smoke cloud, ammunition (101) also comprising, in front of the envelope (102) in the direction of ejection, a housing (26) containing a charge of dispersible powder intended to ensure instant masking of infrared, ammunition characterized in that it comprises a spring (28) disposed between the housing (26) containing the charge of powder and the smoke pots (7a, 7b), a spring ensuring braking of the smoke pots by the housing when they are ejected from the envelope. 8-Munition selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le ressort (28) a un profil conique. 8- Ammunition according to claim 7, characterized in that the spring (28) has a conical profile. 9-Munition selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le ressort (28) est rendu solidaire d'un pot fumigène au moyen d'une pièce de liaison (29). 9- Ammunition according to claim 8, characterized in that the spring (28) is made integral with a smoke pot by means of a connecting piece (29).
EP93402427A 1992-10-23 1993-10-04 Smoke projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0636854B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9212697 1992-10-23
FR9212697A FR2697328A1 (en) 1992-10-23 1992-10-23 Smoke shell with generating pots and ejector - has pots linked by temporary plastic connector to hold them together until ejected

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0636854A1 true EP0636854A1 (en) 1995-02-01
EP0636854B1 EP0636854B1 (en) 1997-06-25

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EP93402427A Expired - Lifetime EP0636854B1 (en) 1992-10-23 1993-10-04 Smoke projectile

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US (1) US5454324A (en)
EP (1) EP0636854B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2108991C (en)
DE (1) DE69311805T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2697328A1 (en)

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DE19910074B4 (en) * 1999-03-08 2005-02-10 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Launcher for shooting a plurality of active bodies as well as litter plant using them
DE10249920A1 (en) * 2002-10-26 2004-05-13 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Smoke grenade comprises sleeve, ogive fixed to it, base and timed detonator connected to charge
DE10308307B4 (en) * 2003-02-26 2007-01-04 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Projectile and submunition with preload body
US7720254B2 (en) 2006-03-13 2010-05-18 Smi Holdings, Inc. Automatic microparticle mark reader
KR101210582B1 (en) * 2010-05-26 2012-12-11 한국씨앤오테크 주식회사 40mm training shot
DE102010024848A1 (en) 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh projectile
DE102013010357A1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Projectile with effect or signal effect
AU2014310468A1 (en) 2013-08-20 2016-03-10 Bae Systems Plc Smoke payload apparatus
EP3036497B1 (en) 2013-08-20 2018-04-25 BAE Systems PLC Illumination munition
EP3036499A1 (en) 2013-08-20 2016-06-29 BAE Systems PLC Common carrier munition
EP2840349A1 (en) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-25 BAE Systems PLC Smoke payload apparatus
NO3036500T3 (en) 2013-08-20 2018-03-03
GB2517447A (en) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-25 Bae Systems Plc Smoke payload apparatus
FR3020059B1 (en) * 2014-04-16 2017-09-01 Nexter Munitions POT OF FUMIGENE COMPOSITION
JP6585461B2 (en) * 2015-10-20 2019-10-02 株式会社ダイセル Smoke screen generator
DE102017106333A1 (en) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Adaptive projectile
CN111829395B (en) * 2020-07-02 2021-07-23 安徽神剑科技股份有限公司 Explosive biomaterial homodisperse device

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EP0086708A1 (en) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-24 Etienne Lacroix - Tous Artifices Sa Chaff dispersing cartridge containing a plurality of individual charges
FR2560186A1 (en) * 1982-07-27 1985-08-30 France Etat Armement INFRARED OPAQUE FUME GENERATION OF PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION AND FUMIGENE MUNITION OBTAINED
FR2612287A1 (en) * 1987-03-12 1988-09-16 France Etat Armement SMOKE PROJECTILE AND AMMUNITION THUS EQUIPPED

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69311805D1 (en) 1997-07-31
FR2697328A1 (en) 1994-04-29
CA2108991A1 (en) 1994-04-24
EP0636854B1 (en) 1997-06-25
CA2108991C (en) 1998-07-14
US5454324A (en) 1995-10-03
DE69311805T2 (en) 1997-10-23

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