DE102013010357A1 - Projectile with effect or signal effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed projectile (100) is based primarily on a secondary unit (2) integrated in a carrier shell (1) for generating a lightning, blast, smoke or fog effect or combinations thereof, which by means of head detonator (2) via an ejection system or ignition system is ejected selectively or presettable in the target area and subsequently triggered by delay system (6) or brought without delay for the purpose of intentional influence of the effect still in the carrier shell (1) located to trigger.

Description

The invention is concerned with an artillery ammunition, in particular with an artillery effect projectile with specific, adjustable signal effect. It is the generation of tactical effects such as frightening or paralyzing in more distant goals. In addition, it is acted upon that the signal effect itself far beyond that of established bullets, such. B. light or smoke projectiles, goes out. A lethal effect should also be largely avoided. However, parts of the invention are also applicable to other large-caliber carrier units z. As mortar munitions and missiles transferable.

In artillery ammunition fuse and warhead form the bullet. The drive is executed in large-caliber ammunition usually separated from the projectile and allows in conjunction with preselected propellant charge levels and increases the gun barrel largely any trajectories (indirect fire). There are different forms of propellant charge, but the charge weight is always adjustable to the required trajectory adjustable. The projectiles can in turn be designed differently and accordingly fulfill various tasks. With reference to these tasks, they can be divided, for. B. in explosive, explosive over, light, and fog projectiles. A classification is also based on their basic functioning, in floors "with" and "without output".

Bullet "without ejection" are z. As conventional explosive projectiles, in which a head igniter, the decomposition of the projectile casing in the target area and the shell in the course of the detonation of an introduced explosive charge produces end ballistic splitter. For example, a burster bullet with a tag load reveals the DE 39 19 314 A1 ,

In contrast, projectiles "with emissions", often referred to as cargo projectiles, have a carrier shell and an introduced ejection system, by means of which one or more secondary units are ejected in the target area (airspark point). The effect of the secondary unit is often set via a delay element only after the ejection. Well-known representatives are here z. B. light and smoke projectiles, such as in the DE 10 2007 057 184 A1 ,

As explosive ammunition solutions exist that aim for the purpose of exercise operation of appropriate military forces to re-sign the signature with respect to smoke-blast and lightning effect of a regular explosive projectile. In the DE 10 2011 010 183 A1 For example, a known internal structure of a blasting practice projectile with a one-piece shell is transferred into a multi-part cargo projectile shell. The interior structure includes the signature bang, lightning, smoke, etc. of an original explosive projectile. To generate a specific signal effect or certain effects, in particular lightning / bang / smoke or fog, a number of pyrotechnic sentences are known.

The invention has for its object to produce a means of artillery spent in the target area specific signal effect, which has elevated level compared to established artillery ammunition and by means of bang, flash, smoke, whistle, howl or fog effect (s) or Combinations of it are able to frighten the opponent and paralyze him in terms of his planned or already in progress activities.

The problem is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are listed in the subclaims.

Previous solutions are based only on the given by the pyrotechnic charges lightning / blast and smoke function. A use of artilleriespezifischen boundary conditions (ejection function, presence of spin at the moment of triggering) is unknown for the representation of a effect projectile so far. Although the known explosive over projectiles provide a signature that comes close to the signatures of corresponding explosive projectiles in terms of lightning / blast and smoke development. However, the effect of the effect or the combination of effects remains behind with regard to the temporal and spatial extent, as well as the intensity behind the tactically necessary effect level.

The invention is therefore based on the idea to use the artilleriespezifischen boundary conditions (ejection function and / or presence of spin at the moment of triggering) and / or bullet speed for the representation / generation of an effect accordingly. Furthermore, a preselection or presetting of the effect expression should be possible in at least or at least 2 stages. There are bang, lightning, smoke or fog effects or combinations thereof generated, which are significantly above the level of corresponding known explosive projectile, with respect to a risk to life and limb in the area by fragments or splinters but significantly below the level of appropriate training munitions stay. For this purpose, the different types of ignition, starting from the functionality of the igniter, are used in such a way that the effect can be specifically influenced or presettable. In a preferred embodiment, the actual effect (main effect) can be achieved by activating one or more pyrotechnically or aeromechanically operated ones Sound generators are announced so that the attention of an enemy located in the target area is directed to the temporal later located main effect.

• • Pyrotechnisch (pyrotechnische Sätze = Blitz-Knall- etc.)
• • Aerodynamisch (Pfeifen, Sirenen etc.)
• • eine Kombination beider (z. B. durch pyrotechnische Sätze betriebene Pfeifen, Sirenen etc.).

Combinations for effect generation (main or side effect) can be:

• • Pyrotechnic (pyrotechnic sentences = lightning-bang etc.)
• • Aerodynamic (whistles, sirens etc.)
• • a combination of both (for example, pipes operated by pyrotechnic charges, sirens, etc.).

The invention is based primarily on a (artillery) carrier shell integrated secondary unit for generating a lightning, blast, smoke or fog effect or combinations thereof, the (artillery) head detonator via an ejection system or ignition system optional or presettable in Target area is ejected and subsequently triggered by delay system or brought without delay for the purpose of intentional influence of the effect still in the carrier shell located to trigger.

A carrier sleeve accommodates the secondary unit in the interior, which can be mounted above the floor of the storey. The carrier shell and / or the floor of the floor is / are equipped with a device, eg. B. Pfeifbohrungen equipped aeromechanically by means of the movement on the trajectory to produce a sound signal for the purpose of announcing the effect projectile.

As a projectile fuse the use of different types or functions is provided. In accordance with the known trajectory, a runtime igniter will preferably effect a release at higher altitudes (100 to 1000 m); a ground clearance igniter a few meters above the ground and an impact fuze at ground level, which allows a first possibility for targeted preselection of the effect. The igniter output first triggers the intermediate device, which acts triggering on the secondary unit.

The secondary unit has one or more redundant delay elements for the purpose of redundancy. Depending on the selection or presetting of the delay time, a triggering of the secondary unit is still carried out in the carrier projectile or partially expelled or completely expelled, so that this results in a second simple way of influencing / setting the desired effect.

An adjustment of the delay time or complete bridging of the delay, z. B. mechanically from the outside of the manufactured projectile appears as a useful option. Depending on the delay, the o. G. Intermediate as ejection or only as retouching.

For the construction and selection of plant or explosives of the secondary device different configurations come into consideration.

• – Schwarzpulverladungen
• – Blitz-Knall-Sätze z. B. auf Basis von Aluminiumpulver und Kaliumperchlorat
• – Metallpulver, bzw. Metallpartikel aus unedlen Metallen (Magnesium, Zirkonium, Aluminium) zur Erzeugung länger anhaltender somit bewusst wahrnehmbarer Leuchteffekte
• – Sprengladungen in Verbindung mit o. g. Metallpulvern
• – Nebelwirkmassen z. B. auf rotem Phosphor basierend in kompakter (gepresster) Form und/oder an dünne Trägerschichten gebundener Form (Flares)
• – Kombinationen des vorgenannten
• – Pfeifen durch Luftstrom angetrieben oder pyrotechnisch
• – Sirenen durch Luftstrom angetrieben oder pyrotechnisch

Possible are:

• - Black powder charges
• - Flash-phrases eg. B. based on aluminum powder and potassium perchlorate
• - Metal powder or metal particles of base metals (magnesium, zirconium, aluminum) to produce longer-lasting thus consciously noticeable lighting effects
• - explosive charges in connection with the above-mentioned metal powders
• - Nebelwirkmassen z. B. based on red phosphorus in compact (pressed) form and / or bonded to thin carrier layers (flares)
• - Combinations of the above
• - Pipes powered by airflow or pyrotechnic
• - Sirens powered by airflow or pyrotechnic

A special solution consists in the use of the artillery typical spin, which is imparted to the projectile for flight stabilization and which is reduced only moderately when reaching the target area. This should be used to a filling located in the secondary unit, consisting of the o. G. In the context of an ejection process, active compositions are distributed in such a way that a particle cloud becomes available which, if necessary, burns again by means of a retardation element and which, due to the large expansion and the cloud in combination with the particle masses reacting at the atmospheric oxygen, will produce an intense effect.

In order to generate an announcing sound signal, a device is provided on the support floor or on the floor of the building, which generates a corresponding sound by utilizing the naturally existing flow during flight.

More complex, but also possible is the installation of a separate z. B. pyrotechnically functioning sound generator, which is controlled in the context of projectile firing.

The advantages lie in an extended possibility for the realization of an artillery over large ranges for the transfer or in scene to be set effect. In addition, the effects in terms of appearance, duration, extent and intensity in the context of production targeted be set. The generation of a sustainable optical / acoustic effect with minimal hazard potential by fragments or splinters is possible as well as the targeted influence on the effect by possibilities of presetting by selecting the detonator and possibly by variable delay times. Another advantage is the use of the artillerietypisches spin for the purpose of generating a particle cloud with subsequent ignition and effect generation

Reference to an embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail.

It shows the only figure an artillery projectile 100 , consisting of a projectile or carrier shell 1 , a secondary unit 2 , with a central unit 2a , a coat of arms 2 B and a liner 2c , With 3 is a storey floor, with 4 a detonator marked. The detonator 4 includes an igniter exit 4a , An intermediate device 5 is between the detonator 4 and the secondary unit 2 in the Ogiven volume 7 involved, taking in front of the secondary unit 2 at least one delay element 6 is integrated. The setting of the delay element 6 done by the device 6a , The secondary unit 2 is through a discharge plate 8th from the Ogiven volume 7 separated, the intermediate device 5 from the detonator 4 up to the ejection plate 8th enough. To stabilize the projectile 100 is a support unit or a support element 9 intended. On the floor of the storey 3 is a sound generator 10 integrated.

The secondary unit 2 is in a carrier sleeve 1 , The secondary unit 2 consists of the aforementioned various components and can be accessed via a storey floor 3 in the carrier sleeve 1 to be assembled. The projectile fuze 4 , which is optionally available as a life time igniter, as a ground clearance igniter or as an impact fuze, acts by means of its detonator output 4a on the intermediate device 5 , The intermediate device 5 Acts depending on the setting of the delay element 6 by means of its inside black powder charge or a comparable propellant charge powder, either according to the manner established in cargo projectiles as a discharge charge or in the case of bridging the delay element 6 merely as a further ignition device. In any case, the burnup of the inside of the intermediate device ensures 5 explosive for a pressure build-up in Ogivenvolumen 7 , About the resulting gas pressure via the ejection plate 8th and the optionally divided into partial circle segments support element 9 the (opening of the projectile casing 6a of the delay element 6 is a preselection of the delay time to complete bridging provided. When dispensing with the adjustment 6a is the setting of the delay time in the context of the design or manufacture of the delay element 6 intended.

The secondary unit 2 is in turn filled with explosives or combustible material. Preferably forms a centrally positioned with explosive (black powder, flash-bang set or explosive charge) filled central unit 2a the starting point for the ignition or inclusion of the surrounding active mantle in the reaction process, which is accompanied by the rapid chemical reaction, which corresponds to the choice of materials with the desired light, bang, smoke or fog effect.

To the sensitivity of the projectile 100 to external threat, z. B. against small-caliber bullet, shrapnel o. Ä. To reduce the proportion of comparatively sensitive reacting explosives to minimize. According to this interest is the central unit 2a small compared to the knitted sheath, which preferably from insensitive to corresponding threats material z. B. metal powder, whose effect-generating reaction takes place only with large surfaces (metal particle division) and atmospheric oxygen.

To support this reaction, the timing of an ejection and ignition operation is preferably as follows:
An ejection is over the detonator 4 by triggering the intermediate unit 5 , which acts in the figure as a discharge charge, imparted to the interior structure. About the ejection plate 8th and the example segmented support element 9 becomes the bullet 100 on the floor of the storey 3 open. Pushing out the secondary unit 2 starts. The existing spin, which is subject to all bullet components, causes a division of the active mantle 2 B or the active material as a particle cloud directly behind the forward flying carrier shell 1 namely when passing the rear-side end side of the carrier shell 1 due to the centrifugal force.

To protect against unwanted damage or activation in connection with the launch load and / or previous environmental impact (vibration / case, etc.) are the active coat 2 B and the central unit 2a in the liner 2c brought in. This also causes a cohesion of the active mass, as far as they are not affected by separate measures z. B. has sufficient cohesion by means of a binder system.

Components of the internal structure are preferably constructed of lightweight materials (eg aluminum, magnesium) which burn themselves in the course of the effect generation and / or due to their low specific weight and large Surfaces should not be expected to be endangered by people falling down.

For the complete avoidance of hazards from falling parts, the use of carrier sheaths is provided for the future, which are equipped with systems to reduce the energy of the fall (parachute, decomposition, etc. - not shown).

Regardless of the internal structure of the projectile, a discontinuity is attached to the outer contour of the projectile in such a way that a sound is generated by the air flow during flight, which directs the attention of surrounding and last but not least enemy forces in the target area in the direction of the approaching effect projectile. Such a sound generator 10 is preferably attached to the ground to influence the ballistics and / or integrity of the carrier shell 1 to avoid.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

carrier case

2

Secondary unit;

2a

Central Unit;

2 B

Knitting and garments;

2c

liner

3

basement floor

4

detonators;

4a

detonator output

5

intermediate means

6

Delay element;

6a

Adjustment to the delay element

7

Geschossogive, Ogiven volume

8th

ejector plate

9

support element

10

sound generator

100

bullet

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3919314 A1 [0003]
• DE 102007057184 A1 [0004]
• DE 102011010183 A1 [0005]

Claims (12)

Bullet ( 100 ) with a carrier shell ( 1 ), a floor ( 3 ), an igniter ( 4 ) in a projectile ( 7 ), an intermediate unit filled with a discharge charge ( 5 ) and an ejection plate ( 8th ), the intermediate unit ( 5 ) between the detonator ( 4 ) and the ejection plate ( 8th ), characterized by a secondary unit ( 2 ) for recording effect and / or signal triggering materials. Bullet ( 100 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the materials - black powder charges, - flash-phrases, z. B. based on aluminum powder and potassium perchlorate - metal powder or metal particles of base metals (magnesium, zirconium, aluminum) to produce longer-lasting deliberately perceptible lighting effects, - explosive charges in conjunction with the above metal powders, - Nebelwirkmassen, z. B. based on red phosphorus in compacted (pressed) form and / or bound to thin carrier layers form (flares) and / or - whistles, sirens and the like are driven by air flow or pyrotechnic. Bullet ( 100 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary unit ( 2 ) a central processing unit ( 2a ), an active coat ( 2 B ) and a liner ( 2c ), wherein in the central unit ( 2a ) the materials are included. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fuze ( 4 ) can be designed as a runtime igniter, ground clearance igniter or as an impact fuze. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one delay element ( 9 ) is involved. Bullet ( 100 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the delay time of the delay element ( 6 ) via an adjustment device ( 6a ) is adjustable. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one device ( 10 ) is integrated for generating an announcing sound signal. Bullet ( 100 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the device ( 10 ) generates a corresponding sound using an air flow. Bullet ( 100 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the device ( 10 ) a z. B. pyrotechnically functioning sound generator. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the at least one device ( 10 ) on the floor ( 100 ) or on the floor ( 3 ) is involved. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the swirl a division of the active mantle ( 2 B ) or the active material effected in the form of a particle cloud directly behind the forward flying carrier shell ( 1 ) due to centrifugal force. Bullet ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a use for generating a lightning, blast, smoke or fog effect or combinations thereof.

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