EP0636393B1 - Procédé et appareils de marquage de terrains en gazon - Google Patents

Procédé et appareils de marquage de terrains en gazon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0636393B1
EP0636393B1 EP94810427A EP94810427A EP0636393B1 EP 0636393 B1 EP0636393 B1 EP 0636393B1 EP 94810427 A EP94810427 A EP 94810427A EP 94810427 A EP94810427 A EP 94810427A EP 0636393 B1 EP0636393 B1 EP 0636393B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grass
rollers
brushes
blades
grass surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94810427A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0636393A1 (fr
Inventor
Carlo Nicodemo
Ewald Möhring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Athar International Services SA
Original Assignee
Athar International Services SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0636393A1 publication Critical patent/EP0636393A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • A63C19/065—Line markings, e.g. tapes; Methods therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E01C13/083—Construction of grass-grown sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating arrangements therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • A63C19/065—Line markings, e.g. tapes; Methods therefor
    • A63C2019/067—Machines for marking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates essentially to the techniques of mass communication, and more specifically to techniques advertising display.
  • the subject of the invention is particularly the exploitation of spaces not yet used to date for the advertising, namely sports fields.
  • the present invention aims to allow the recording of messages, including advertising, on the grass surface itself, without that these messages create confusion with the markings to sporty significance and without the use of a stencil.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for mark the grass with signs, such as letters forming words or names, or numbers, or images, and at provide a device capable of carrying out such marking.
  • a part of the strands of a grass surface in one direction we orient or let it orient in at least one other direction at least one other part of the strands of said turf surface, so that at least one of the parts constitutes an image or a sign.
  • This is the same process already known and used by means mowers, the method according to the invention however not necessarily related to mowing.
  • the method according to the invention is further distinguishes from the known state of the art by various characteristics.
  • the method marking for turf fields is characterized in that a model is introduced into a computer of the sign or image to mark on the lawn, in that we divide said model in several points, in that we divide the area of lawn in several sectors, in that we also introduce the computer the instant position of means (2, 3) to orient the strands of the lawn, and in that we control the action of said resources, depending on their position in specific sectors which correspond to determined points of the model, sign or the image to be marked on the grass surface.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands are oriented at least part of the lawn surface using one or more several brushes.
  • the method according to the second embodiment is characterized in that brushes are used rotary.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands are oriented at least part of the lawn surface using one or more multiple rolls.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands of the grass surface using one or more brushes and at by means of one or more rollers.
  • the method according to one of the five first embodiments described above is characterized by what the control of the action of the strand orientation means turf, and in particular the lowering, raising and / or rotation of brushes and / or rollers is controlled by the computer in which are introduced the model or models of signs or images to mark on the grass surface divided into points, the position of brushes and / or rollers compared to that of the various sectors of the turf surface and instructions commanding said action by depending on said position.
  • the process is characterized in that a device on which the brushes or rollers are fixed and that the position of said device on the lawn surface is detected by sensors that detect the presence of bodies magnetizable which are deposited or buried in places determined on or under said surface.
  • the method is characterized in that one uses a device on which the brushes or rollers are fixed and in this that the position of said device on the lawn surface is observed by a wave transmitter and receiver device electromagnetic or sonic.
  • the method is characterized in that the device receives signals from geostationary satellites.
  • the device for marking turf fields in a first embodiment, includes wheels allowing its displacement, brushes and / or rollers, and means for selectively lowering to the grass and raising so that they no longer touch the grass some of said brushes and / or rollers.
  • the device in a second embodiment, includes rotating brushes, such as rollers, and ways to rotate the brushes back and forth.
  • the apparatus includes means for lowering the minus some of the rotary brushes down to the lawn and raise so that they no longer touch the lawn.
  • the apparatus according to one of above embodiments is characterized in that the brushes and / or the rollers are grouped together.
  • the apparatus according to one of embodiments described above is characterized in that at at least part of the rollers are joined on one or more rotary barrels on which they are mounted so as to rotate freely.
  • the apparatus in a sixth embodiment, is characterized in that the brushes and / or rollers and / or groups of rollers and / or brushes are mounted in staggered rows.
  • the device according to one of embodiments described above is characterized in that it includes means for lifting the wheels, and rollers to support and move the device when the wheels are raised.
  • the apparatus according to the seventh embodiment described above is characterized in that it comprises at least one motor actuating the rollers which support the apparatus and a steering device for directing when the wheels are raised.
  • the apparatus according to one of last two embodiments described above is characterized in that each roller or group of rollers and each brush or group of brushes is controlled by a motor different.
  • the apparatus in a tenth embodiment, includes an activated counter by the carrying rollers of the device or by a rolling wheel on the grass surface and which determines the position of said device on the grass surface.
  • the apparatus according to one of last four embodiments described above is characterized in that the axes of rotation of the wheels are perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the rollers and / or brushes.
  • the device is characterized in that it comprises a computer in which one or more models of the image are introduced or pictures or sign (s) to mark on the grass and the position of the device on the turf surface and means allowing the computer to operate the brushes and / or rolls based on this data so as to orient at least part of the strands of the turf surface in one direction different from that of the other strands, so that at least one of the parts of the turf surface constitutes an image or sign corresponding to the one that is entered into the computer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a simple embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in another embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a variant of the embodiment of the figure 3, in which the brushes are staggered.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 5.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a variant of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, in which the brushes are replaced by rollers.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 7.
  • FIG 9 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant shown in Figures 7 and 8, in which the rollers are staggered.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 9.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8, in which the rollers are arranged in rotating barrels.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 11.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in which the rotating barrels carrying the rollers are staggered.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 13.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in another embodiment, in which the rollers which do not support the device are arranged in rotating barrels.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 15.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment shown in Figures 15 and 16, in which the rotating barrels carrying the rollers are staggered.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 17.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figures 15 and 16, in which the rotating barrels are arranged on either side carrier rollers.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 19.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 15, the rollers non-carriers arranged in rotating barrels being replaced by rotating brushes.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 21.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 17, the rotating barrels carrying rollers being replaced by rotating brushes.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 23.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 19, the rollers non-carriers arranged in rotating barrels being replaced by rotating brushes.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 25.
  • Figure 27 is a plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 25, in which the rotary brushes are staggered and in which the transmission of motor movement is by belts.
  • Figure 28 is a longitudinal sectional view along A-A of apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view along B-B of a apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view along C-C of a apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • Figure 31 is a diagram of an electronic control device and electric of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • Figure 32 shows a lawn area divided into several sectors with a mark inscribed by points in sectors chosen, all the points forming the mark.
  • Figure 33 shows a network of metallic cables or wires buried in the grass surface and allowing the positioning of the device in the field.
  • Figure 34 shows a sports field with four surfaces to mark and two transceivers allowing the positioning of the device in the field.
  • the device according to the invention is equipped with four wheels 1 and a row of brushes 2 whose filaments are directed vertically towards the lawn.
  • the wheels are used to transport the appliance to the grass surface to be treated, and to move it over this surface.
  • the wheels are moved by one or more motors, preferably electric, not shown here. They are equipped with a steering device.
  • Each brush is equipped a device allowing it to be lowered to the lawn and lift above the lawn. When the device passes over the surface of grass to be treated, the brushes are lowered at the right time.
  • each brush has a width which corresponds to that of a determined area on the surface to be treated.
  • This embodiment of the device is the first which is described above, and the simplest.
  • the turf surface to be treated is treated as a network of small sectors 13, of preferably quadrangular, as shown in Figure 32. If the width of the surface to be treated is greater than the length of the row of brushes, it is useful to treat the surface with several parallel tracks 14 whose width corresponds to the length of the appliance's brush row.
  • the surface shown in Figure 32 is thus divided into four tracks including the width corresponds to eight sectors, the latter number corresponding to the number of brushes provided the device.
  • the figure 32 shows that, on the fourth track, the third brush of the row lowers on the twelfth and thirteenth sectors from the left, and then gets up, marking the lawn of two sectors in question by orienting their strands of grass. A part of the letter A is thus marked on the lawn. The rest of the grass surface can of course remain as it was, without any treatment. It is however clearly preferable to run the device for the first time, all brushes lowered in one direction to orient all the strands of the turf on an entire track. Then we pass the device in the other direction, lowering the brushes only on the sectors representing the sign or image to be represented. Of the so the strands are oriented, basically, in two directions only, which gives a sharper image.
  • the device is placed again on the starting line, at the start of the second track, which runs parallel to the first one and which is adjacent to it, and the process starts again, until the entire lawn area is treated.
  • the brushes 2 are always in a row, but they are rotatable and can turn independently of one another in one direction or in the other. Likewise, they can be braked or blocked, or still rotate freely, independently of each other.
  • a brush is blocked or turns back, the bristles of the grass tilt in the direction of travel of the device. When it turns forward, at a speed that exceeds that of the device, the strands of the lawn tilt in one direction opposite.
  • the device can thus process an entire track by one pass. At the end of a track, it turns around and immediately begins the next track, in the opposite direction.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the brushes are staggered, which facilitates installation transmissions and control elements, and allows processing the entire lawn area, without gaps.
  • An automatic device, classic type allows to operate at the right time brushes, despite the shift in their position.
  • the row of brushes is replaced by a row of rollers 3 mounted so to rotate freely.
  • the rollers are staggered.
  • An automatic device, classic type allows the rollers to be lowered at the right time, despite the shift in their position.
  • the rollers of Figures 7 and 8 have a central division which allows them to be pressed bearings, central bearings or bearings, while the rollers of Figures 9 and 8 are carried by bearings, bearings or bearings placed on each side.
  • the rollers are mounted on a device which allows to lower and raise them independently of each other.
  • the apparatus functions like that which is shown in Figures 1 and 2. In other words, the device must pass twice on the same track if the entire surface must be treated.
  • the row of brushes in figures 3 and 4 is replaced by a row of rotating barrels 15 on the periphery of which rollers 3 are mounted so as to rotate freely around axes parallel to that of the barrel.
  • Barrels 15 can rotate in both sense, or be held back, independently of each other, thanks to motors which are not shown.
  • a barrel is blocked or turns back, the strands of the lawn tilt into the direction of travel of the device.
  • the strands of the lawn tilt in an opposite direction.
  • the device can thus process an entire track in one pass. Arrived at the end of a track, he turns around and immediately starts the track next, in the opposite direction.
  • the device is preferably provided a device for raising the barrels so as not to not damage them during the journey to the lawn surface and during the return journey.
  • Figures 13 and 14 show a variant of this latter form of execution, in which the rotary barrels 15 are mounted in staggered, with the advantages mentioned regarding Figures 5 and 6.
  • a device makes it possible to adapt the operation the offset between the barrels.
  • the device is provided with eight barrels 15 carrying rolls 3 and four rolls 3 placed in pairs.
  • the axes of wheels 1 are perpendicular to those of the rollers.
  • the device is provided with means enabling the wheels to be raised so that the device rests on the two pairs of rollers.
  • the device is brought to the grass surface to be treated by means of the wheels lowered.
  • the wheels are raised and the device moves, perpendicular to its direction of arrival, on the surface thanks to the two pairs of rollers, which are driven by one or more motors.
  • the two rolls of each pair are separated by a small space which avoids friction. It is easy to turn the device by braking the rollers located on the same side, which is possible thanks to a differential whose transmission is equipped. A differential is not necessary if each roller is driven by a different motor.
  • the device for raising and lowering the wheels is not not shown here. This is a classic device, as it for example, for decades on some models of trucks or planes.
  • each pair of rollers and the set of rotary barrels 15 corresponds to the width of a track 14 of the turf surface.
  • the strands of the entire runway turf are first oriented in the direction of movement of the device by the carrying rollers. Then the rotating barrels pass and give a different or identical orientation, depending on the direction and the speed of their rotation, as explained regarding Figures 11 and 12.
  • a track can therefore be treated as a single passage. However, if you want to mark the next track on the way back, you must return the device to prevent carrying rollers, following the passage of the rotating barrels, erase the marks made by them.
  • Figures 17 and 18 show a variant of this latter form in which the rotating barrels are mounted in staggered, with the advantages mentioned regarding Figures 5 and 6 and 13 and 14.
  • a device makes it possible to adapt the offset operation between the barrels.
  • Figures 19 and 20 show a variant of the embodiment Figures 15 and 16, in which the two pairs of rollers carriers are surrounded by two rows of rotating barrels roller carriers.
  • the presence of a row of barrels of each side of the carrying rollers allows to mark the track next in reverse, without turning the unit over. It is however note that it is preferable in principle to treat each track in the same direction to get orientation too uniform as possible of the strands of the lawn.
  • the device in the form for the execution of FIGS. 19 and 20 carries rotating barrels staggered, with the advantages described above.
  • FIGS 21 to 26 show alternative embodiments shown in Figures 15 to 20, in which the barrels are replaced by rotating brushes. Like the barrels in previous embodiments, each rotary brush can turn in one direction or the other independently of the others.
  • Figures 27 to 30 show the preferred embodiment of the device. This is the embodiment shown schematically in Figures 25 and 26, with the difference that the brushes are staggered, with the advantages that a such provision includes.
  • Each rotary brush 2 can rotate freely around the axis 7 and is controlled by a belt 4 which drives the brush by a pulley 10 secured to the brush.
  • Each belt 4 is driven by a motor 11, preferably electric, independent of the others.
  • the brushes are placed at a height such that they penetrate in the grass, but do not touch the ground.
  • the main axes 7 brushes are fixed by their ends to the main frame 5.
  • Each pair of carrying rollers is carried by an axis 6.
  • the carrier rollers rotate freely around the axis.
  • Both ends of each axis are pulleys 10 each of which is integral with the carrying roller 3.
  • Each motor transmits its movement via a gear train 12.
  • the axes roller carriers, as well as motor-gear assemblies, are fixed on a secondary chassis 8.
  • This secondary chassis 8 is itself fixed to a main frame 5 by means of a ball bearing 9 which allows the chassis to turn a small angle to steer the device. The fact that each roll is controlled by an independent motor makes a differential unnecessary.
  • the motors are electric and are powered by an accumulator. It goes without saying that other types of motors could be used, but they would be less practical. Likewise, it would possible to use a different means of transmission than belts and pulleys, for example chains or gears.
  • the motors and transmissions that drive the rollers ensure the device, thanks to the significant reduction given by the gears, and even with variations in load, a substantially constant speed, which is roughly that of a man in step.
  • roller motors are started manually, using switches or switches controlled by the driver.
  • the latter can manually direct the device steering, which allows the two chassis to be pivoted secondary to the main chassis.
  • the computer directs the device automatically.
  • FIG. 31 gives a diagram of the relationships between the various electrical and electronic components that control the device. he note that the torque required to rotate a brush, whether in the direction of travel of the device or in the direction on the contrary, is substantially constant. The flexibility of the filaments of the brush plays an important role here.
  • the advantage of the shape preferred execution lies in the best weight distribution.
  • the preferred embodiment avoids marking of train paths by wheels in the field.
  • the advantage also lies in the large mass and also in the large dimensions of the barrels.
  • the number of organs can vary according to the needs, whether rollers, barrels, brushes, motors, pulleys or wheels.
  • the method of marking grass land is automatic.
  • a device enslavement to a computer is essential.
  • the image or images, or the or the signs, for example a name or a word constituting a mark, which must be reproduced on the grass, are introduced in the computer.
  • the image (s) and / or the sign (s) are cut out at several points which correspond to a division into several sectors 13 of the turf surface.
  • Driver places first the apparatus on the starting line 15. It directs it first along of the first track, manually.
  • the device is equipped with a device that places on the edge of the runway, to the left of the apparatus in the embodiment shown in Figure 33, at regular intervals, for example at the edge of each sector 13, small ferromagnetic metal balls.
  • the device is in additionally equipped with magnetic sensors connected to the computer, and a magnetic device which allows the beads to be recovered passage.
  • the balls are deposited when the device passes over the first track.
  • the computer causes the balls to drop and operates the brushes and / or rollers when where the device is in a determined position.
  • the preferred method consists in providing the device with a distance counter, which is operated by one or more of the rollers which support the device, or by a wheel attached to the device and which rolls freely on the lawn.
  • Such counters are instruments common, for example on automobiles.
  • the meter transmits its indications to the computer, which transmits its instructions to engines according to the program introduced by the driver.
  • the sensors transmit to the computer the data they collect as to the position of the device compared to that of the balls. It is no longer the counter which is decisive.
  • the position of the balls does not determine not only the direction given to the device, but also the when the brush or roller must come into action to give on the lawn the desired direction in a given sector, as well as the position of the new series of balls to be deposited along the second track: while the aircraft retrieves the balls placed at the edge of the first track, he deposits it at the edge of the second track. Of course, it can be the same balls that are transferred by the device from the edge of the first to the edge of the second track.
  • the driver places the aircraft again on the starting line, at the start of the next track, and the process starts again. Arrived at the last track, the computer orders the device that deposits the balls of no longer work, only the one who ensures the collection of logs at the edge of the penultimate runway.
  • the computer causes a line to be marked in the grass, at the edge of the track.
  • the driver thus guides the aircraft to the next runway along the line thus drawn.
  • the line will be plotted so that the passage of the device for the treatment of the next track will erase it. In other words, it will take the device goes over.
  • the device erase this first line he draws a second one, at the edge of the second track. This second line will be deleted by passing of the aircraft on the third track. The process starts again until the entire surface has been treated.
  • Another form of method execution is to bury in the ground, a few centimeters from the surface, a grid metallic which corresponds to the edges of the tracks and the lines of departure and arrival, as shown in figure 33.
  • the device is equipped with sensors which transmit the position of the device.
  • a measuring device signals to the computer and driver any deviation between the actual position of the device and the predicted position and stored in the computer.
  • the piloting can be automatic or manual.
  • transceivers in the field and on the aircraft.
  • Such devices to measure distance and / or angle, which allows the computer to calculate the position of the device by compared to the transceivers placed on the ground.
  • Figure 34 shows schematically that such transceivers could be placed in A and B. Microwaves, ultrasound or infrared can be used in such a system.
  • piloting can be automatic or manual.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
EP94810427A 1993-07-28 1994-07-20 Procédé et appareils de marquage de terrains en gazon Expired - Lifetime EP0636393B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2273/93 1993-07-28
CH227393 1993-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0636393A1 EP0636393A1 (fr) 1995-02-01
EP0636393B1 true EP0636393B1 (fr) 1998-06-03

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EP94810427A Expired - Lifetime EP0636393B1 (fr) 1993-07-28 1994-07-20 Procédé et appareils de marquage de terrains en gazon

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US (2) US5540516A (ko)
EP (1) EP0636393B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPH07152336A (ko)
KR (1) KR950004080A (ko)
CN (1) CN1102353A (ko)
AT (1) ATE166793T1 (ko)
AU (1) AU6864194A (ko)
BR (1) BR9402941A (ko)
CA (1) CA2128948A1 (ko)
CZ (1) CZ180594A3 (ko)
DE (1) DE69410709T2 (ko)
PL (1) PL304453A1 (ko)
TW (1) TW279961B (ko)

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US8280631B2 (en) 2008-10-02 2012-10-02 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for generating an electronic record of a marking operation based on marking device actuations
US8311765B2 (en) 2009-08-11 2012-11-13 Certusview Technologies, Llc Locating equipment communicatively coupled to or equipped with a mobile/portable device
US8401791B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-03-19 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods for evaluating operation of marking apparatus
US8442766B2 (en) 2008-10-02 2013-05-14 Certusview Technologies, Llc Marking apparatus having enhanced features for underground facility marking operations, and associated methods and systems
US8473209B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-06-25 Certusview Technologies, Llc Marking apparatus and marking methods using marking dispenser with machine-readable ID mechanism
US8478523B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-07-02 Certusview Technologies, Llc Marking apparatus and methods for creating an electronic record of marking apparatus operations
US8620572B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2013-12-31 Certusview Technologies, Llc Marking device with transmitter for triangulating location during locate operations
US8620616B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2013-12-31 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for assessing marking operations based on acceleration information
US8965700B2 (en) 2008-10-02 2015-02-24 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for generating an electronic record of environmental landmarks based on marking device actuations

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0636393B1 (fr) * 1993-07-28 1998-06-03 Athar International Services Sa Procédé et appareils de marquage de terrains en gazon
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PL304453A1 (en) 1995-02-06
CN1102353A (zh) 1995-05-10
DE69410709D1 (de) 1998-07-09
JPH07152336A (ja) 1995-06-16
US5681129A (en) 1997-10-28
BR9402941A (pt) 1995-04-11
EP0636393A1 (fr) 1995-02-01
US5540516A (en) 1996-07-30
AU6864194A (en) 1995-02-09
KR950004080A (ko) 1995-02-17
CA2128948A1 (fr) 1995-01-29
DE69410709T2 (de) 1999-05-20
CZ180594A3 (en) 1995-02-15
TW279961B (ko) 1996-07-01
ATE166793T1 (de) 1998-06-15

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