EP0636393A1 - Verfahren zum Markieren von Rasenfläche und Vorrichtung zur Anwendung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Markieren von Rasenfläche und Vorrichtung zur Anwendung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0636393A1
EP0636393A1 EP94810427A EP94810427A EP0636393A1 EP 0636393 A1 EP0636393 A1 EP 0636393A1 EP 94810427 A EP94810427 A EP 94810427A EP 94810427 A EP94810427 A EP 94810427A EP 0636393 A1 EP0636393 A1 EP 0636393A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
brushes
lawn
strands
turf
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94810427A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0636393B1 (de
Inventor
Carlo Nicodemo
Ewald Möhring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Athar International Services SA
Original Assignee
Athar International Services SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Athar International Services SA filed Critical Athar International Services SA
Publication of EP0636393A1 publication Critical patent/EP0636393A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0636393B1 publication Critical patent/EP0636393B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • A63C19/065—Line markings, e.g. tapes; Methods therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E01C13/083—Construction of grass-grown sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/06—Apparatus for setting-out or dividing courts
    • A63C19/065—Line markings, e.g. tapes; Methods therefor
    • A63C2019/067—Machines for marking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates essentially to mass communication techniques, and more particularly to advertising display techniques.
  • the invention particularly relates to the exploitation of spaces not yet used to date for advertising, namely sports fields.
  • the present invention aims to allow the recording of messages, in particular advertising, on the turf surface itself, without these messages creating confusion with the markings with sporting significance.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for marking the turf with signs, such as for example letters forming words or names, or numbers, or images, and to provide an apparatus capable of carrying out such marking.
  • the marking method for turf fields is characterized in that a part of the strands of a lawn surface is oriented in one direction, and that or that at least one other part of the strands of said turf surface is oriented in at least one other direction, so that at least one of the parts constitutes an image or a sign.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands of at least part of the lawn surface are oriented by means of one or more brushes.
  • the method according to the second embodiment is characterized in that rotary brushes are used.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands of at least part of the lawn surface are oriented by means of one or more rollers.
  • the method according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the strands of the turf surface are oriented by means of one or more brushes and by means of one or more rollers.
  • the method according to one of the last three embodiments described above is characterized in that the model of the image or sign to be marked on the lawn surface is divided into several points, in that the lawn area is divided into several sectors, and in that the action is controlled, and in particular the lowering, raising and / or rotation of the brushes and / or rollers according to their position on determined sectors which correspond to determined points of the model, sign or image to be marked on the lawn surface.
  • the method according to the last embodiment described above is characterized in that the control of the action, and in particular of the lowering, raising and / or rotation brushes and / or rollers is slaved to a computer into which are introduced the model or models of signs or images to be marked on the turf surface divided into points, the position of the brushes and / or rollers relative to that of the various sectors of the turf surface and instructions controlling said action as a function of said position.
  • the method is characterized in that an apparatus is used on which the brushes or rollers are fixed and in that the position of said apparatus on the lawn surface is observed by sensors which detect the presence of magnetizable bodies which are deposited or buried at determined locations on or under said surface.
  • the method is characterized in that an apparatus is used on which the brushes or rollers are fixed and in that the position of said apparatus on the lawn surface is observed by a device emitting and receiving electromagnetic or sonic waves.
  • the method is characterized in that the device receives signals from geostationary satellites.
  • the apparatus for marking turf fields in a first embodiment, is characterized in that it comprises wheels allowing its movement, brushes and / or rollers, and means making it possible to lower to lawn and raise so that they no longer touch the lawn at least some of said brushes and / or rollers.
  • the apparatus is characterized in that it comprises rotary brushes, such as the rollers, and means for rotating the brushes in both directions.
  • the apparatus comprises means making it possible to lower at least some of the rotary brushes to the lawn and to raise them so that they no longer touch the lawn .
  • the apparatus according to one of the above embodiments is characterized in that the brushes and / or the rollers are joined together in groups.
  • the apparatus according to one of the embodiments described above is characterized in that at least a portion of the rollers are assembled on one or more rotary barrels on which they are mounted so as to rotate freely.
  • the apparatus in a sixth embodiment, is characterized in that the brushes and / or the rollers and / or the groups of rollers and / or brushes are mounted in a staggered arrangement.
  • the apparatus in a seventh embodiment, is characterized in that it comprises means making it possible to raise the wheels, and rollers making it possible to support and move the when the wheels are raised.
  • the apparatus according to the seventh embodiment described above is characterized in that it comprises at least one motor actuating the rollers which support the apparatus and a steering device making it possible to direct when the wheels are raised.
  • the apparatus according to one of the last two embodiments described above is characterized in that each roller or group of rollers and each brush or group of brushes is controlled by a different motor .
  • the apparatus comprises a counter actuated by the carrying rollers of the apparatus or by a wheel which rolls on the lawn surface and which determines the position of said device on the lawn surface.
  • the apparatus according to one of the last four embodiments described above is characterized in that the axes of rotation of the wheels are perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the rollers and / or brushes .
  • the apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a computer into which are introduced one or more models of the image or images or of the sign or signs to be marked on the lawn and the position of the apparatus on the lawn surface and means allowing the computer to actuate the brushes and / or the rollers according to these data so as to orient at least part of the strands of the turf surface in a direction different from that of the other strands, so that at least one part of the turf surface constitutes an image or a sign corresponding to that which is introduced into the computer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a simple embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in another embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a variant of the embodiment of Figure 3, in which the brushes are staggered.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 5.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in a variant of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, in which the brushes are replaced by rollers.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 7.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant shown in Figures 7 and 8, wherein the rollers are arranged in staggered rows.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 9.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8, wherein the rollers are arranged in rotating barrels.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 11.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant shown in Figures 11 and 12, wherein the rotary barrels carrying the rollers are staggered.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 13.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in another embodiment, in which the rollers which do not support the apparatus are arranged in rotating barrels.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of FIG. 15.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment shown in Figures 15 and 16, in which the rotary barrels carrying the rollers are staggered.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 17.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figures 15 and 16, in which the rotating barrels are arranged on either side of the carrier rollers.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 19.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 15, the non-carrying rollers arranged in rotating barrels being replaced by rotating brushes.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 21.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 17, the rotary barrels carrying rollers being replaced by rotary brushes.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 23.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 19, the non-carrying rollers arranged in rotary barrels being replaced by rotary brushes.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 25.
  • Figure 27 is a plan view of an apparatus according to the invention in the embodiment of Figure 25, in which the rotary brushes are staggered and in which the transmission of the movement of the motor is by belts.
  • FIG. 28 is a view in longitudinal section along A-A of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view along B-B of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view along C-C of an apparatus according to the invention in the variant of FIG. 27.
  • Figure 31 is a diagram of an electronic and electrical control device of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 32 represents a surface of grass divided into several sectors with a mark inscribed by points in selected sectors, the set of points forming the mark.
  • Figure 33 shows a network of cables or metallic wires buried in the lawn surface and allowing the positioning of the device on the ground.
  • FIG. 34 represents a sports field with four surfaces to be marked and two transceivers allowing the positioning of the device on the ground.
  • the device according to the invention is equipped with four wheels 1 and a row of brushes 2 whose filaments are directed vertically towards the lawn.
  • the wheels are used to transport the device to the turf surface to be treated, and to move it on this surface.
  • the wheels are driven by one or more motors, preferably electric, not shown here. They are equipped with a steering device.
  • Each brush is equipped with a device allowing it to be lowered to the lawn and raised above the lawn. When the device passes over the turf surface to be treated, the brushes are lowered at the right moment.
  • each brush has a width which corresponds to that of a determined sector on the surface to be treated.
  • This embodiment of the device is the first which is described above, and the simplest.
  • the surface of turf to be treated is treated as a network of small sectors 13, preferably quadrangular, as shown in FIG. 32. If the width of the surface to be treated is greater than the length of the row of brushes, it is useful to treat the surface in several parallel tracks 14 whose width corresponds to the length of the row of brushes of the apparatus.
  • the surface shown in FIG. 32 is thus divided into four tracks, the width of which corresponds to eight sectors, the latter number itself corresponding to the number of brushes with which the apparatus is provided.
  • Figure 32 shows that, on the fourth track, the third brush of the row lowers on the twelfth and thirteenth sectors from the left, and then rises, thus marking the lawn of the two sectors in question by orienting their strands of lawn . Part of the letter A is thus marked on the lawn. The rest of the grass surface can of course remain as it was, without any treatment. It is however clearly preferable to pass the apparatus a first time, all brushes lowered, in one direction, to orient all the strands of the lawn on an entire track. Then, the device is passed in the other direction, lowering the brushes only on the sectors representing the sign or the image to be represented. In this way, the strands are oriented, roughly, in two directions only, which gives a sharper image.
  • the apparatus is placed again on the starting line, at the beginning of the second track, which is parallel to the first and which is adjacent to it, and the process begins again, until that the entire lawn area is treated.
  • the brushes 2 are always in a row, but they are rotatable and can rotate independently of one another in one direction or the other. Likewise, they can be braked or blocked, or even rotate freely, independently of each other.
  • a brush is blocked or turns back, the strands of the lawn tilt in the direction of travel of the device. When it turns forward, at a speed that exceeds that of the device, the strands of the lawn tilt in an opposite direction.
  • the device can thus process an entire track in a single pass. Arrived at the end of a track, it turns around and immediately begins the next track, in the opposite direction.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the brushes are staggered, which facilitates the installation of transmissions and control members, and allows to treat the entire surface of lawn, without gaps.
  • An automatic device, of the conventional type makes it possible to operate the brushes at the right time, despite the shift in their position.
  • the row of brushes is replaced by a row of rollers 3 mounted so as to rotate freely.
  • the rollers are staggered.
  • An automatic device, of the conventional type makes it possible to lower the rollers at the right time, despite the offset of their position.
  • the rollers of Figures 7 and 8 have a central division which makes it possible to press them on bearings, bearings or central bearings, while the rollers of FIGS. 9 and 8 are carried by bearings, bearings or bearings placed on each side.
  • the rollers are mounted on a device which makes it possible to lower and raise them independently of each other.
  • the apparatus operates like that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In other words, the apparatus must pass twice on the same track if the entire surface is to be treated.
  • the row of brushes of Figures 3 and 4 is replaced by a row of rotating barrels 15 on the periphery of which rollers 3 are mounted so as to rotate freely around parallel axes to that of the barrel.
  • the barrels 15 can rotate in both directions, or be braked, independently of each other, by means of motors which are not shown.
  • a barrel is blocked or turns back, the strands of the lawn tilt in the direction of travel of the device.
  • it turns forward, at a speed that exceeds that of the device the strands of the lawn tilt in an opposite direction.
  • the device can thus process an entire track in a single pass. Arrived at the end of a track, it turns around and immediately begins the next track, in the opposite direction.
  • the apparatus is preferably provided with a device making it possible to raise the barrels so as not to damage them during the journey to the lawn surface and during the return journey.
  • Figures 13 and 14 show a variant of this latter embodiment, in which the rotary barrels 15 are mounted in staggered rows, with the advantages mentioned in relation to Figures 5 and 6.
  • a device makes it possible to adapt the operation to offset between the barrels.
  • the apparatus is provided with eight barrels 15 carrying rollers 3 and four rollers 3 placed in pairs.
  • the axes of wheels 1 are perpendicular to those of the rollers.
  • the device is provided with means making it possible to raise the wheels so that the device rests on the two pairs of rollers.
  • the device is brought onto the lawn surface to be treated by means of the lowered wheels.
  • the wheels are raised and the device moves, perpendicular to its direction of arrival, on the surface thanks to the two pairs of rollers, which are driven by one or more motors.
  • the two rollers of each pair are separated by a small space which avoids friction. It is easy to turn the device by braking the rollers located on the same side, which is possible thanks to a differential with which the transmission is fitted. A differential is not necessary if each roller is driven by a different motor.
  • the device which raises and lowers the wheels is not shown here. It is a classic device, as it has existed for example for decades on certain models of trucks or airplanes.
  • each pair of rollers and of the set of rotating barrels 15 corresponds to the width of a track 14 of the lawn surface.
  • the strands of the entire turf of the track are first oriented in the direction of movement of the device by the carrying rollers. Then the rotary barrels pass and give a different or identical orientation, depending on the direction and the speed of their rotation, as has been explained concerning FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • a track can therefore be treated in a single pass. However, if you want to mark the next track on the way back, you must turn the device over to prevent the carrying rollers, following the passage of the rotating barrels, erasing the marks made by them.
  • Figures 17 and 18 show a variant of this latter embodiment, in which the rotary barrels are staggered, with the advantages mentioned in relation to Figures 5 and 6 and 13 and 14.
  • a device makes it possible to adapt the offset operation between the barrels.
  • Figures 19 and 20 show a variant of the embodiment of Figures 15 and 16, in which the two pairs of carrying rollers are surrounded by two rows of rotating barrels carrying rollers.
  • the presence of a row of barrels on each side of the carrying rollers makes it possible to mark the next track in the opposite direction, without turning the device. It should however be noted that it is preferable in principle to treat each track in the same direction in order to obtain as uniform an orientation as possible of the strands of the lawn.
  • the device in the embodiment of Figures 19 and 20 carries rotary barrels mounted in staggered rows, with the advantages described above.
  • FIGS 21 to 26 show variants of the embodiments shown in Figures 15 to 20, in which the barrels are replaced by rotary brushes. Like the barrels in the previous embodiments, each rotating brush can rotate in one direction or the other independently of the others.
  • FIGs 27 to 30 show the preferred embodiment of the device. This is the embodiment shown schematically in Figures 25 and 26, with the difference that the brushes are staggered, with the advantages that such an arrangement has.
  • Each rotary brush 2 can rotate freely around the axis 7 and is controlled by a belt 4 which drives the brush by a pulley 10 secured to the brush.
  • Each belt 4 is driven by a motor 11, preferably electric, independent of the others.
  • the brushes are placed at a height such that they penetrate the grass, but do not touch the ground.
  • the pins 7 carrying the brushes are fixed at their ends to the main chassis 5.
  • Each pair of carrier rollers is carried by an axis 6.
  • the carrier rollers rotate freely around the axis.
  • At the two ends of each axis are pulleys 10, each of which is integral with the carrying roller 3.
  • Each motor transmits its movement via a gear train 12.
  • the carrying axes of the rollers, as well as the motor-gear assemblies, are fixed to a secondary chassis 8.
  • This secondary chassis 8 is itself fixed to a main chassis 5 by means of a ball bearing 9 which allows the chassis to rotate at a small angle to steer the device.
  • the fact that each roller is controlled by an independent motor makes a differential unnecessary.
  • the motors are electric and are powered by an accumulator. It goes without saying that other types of motors could be used, but they would be less practical. Likewise, it would be possible to use a different means of transmission than belts and pulleys, for example chains or gears.
  • the motors and transmissions which drive the rollers assure the apparatus, thanks to the significant reduction given by the gears, and even with variations in load, a substantially constant speed, which is roughly that of a man at not.
  • roller motors are started manually, by switches or switches controlled by the driver.
  • the latter can manually steer the steering device, which allows the two secondary chassis to pivot relative to the main chassis.
  • the computer directs the device automatically.
  • FIG. 31 gives the diagram of the relations between the various electric and electronic organs which control the apparatus. It should be noted that the torque required to rotate a brush, either in the direction of operation of the device or in the direction of on the contrary, is substantially constant. The flexibility of the brush filaments plays an important role here.
  • the advantage of the preferred embodiment lies in the better distribution of the weight.
  • the preferred embodiment avoids the marking of furrows by the wheels in the ground.
  • the advantage also lies in the large mass and also in the large dimensions of the barrels.
  • the number of members can vary according to requirements, whether they are rollers, barrels, brushes, motors, pulleys or even wheels.
  • the method of marking turf fields is automatic.
  • Controlling the device to a computer is essential.
  • the image or images, or the sign or signs, for example a name or a word constituting a mark, which must be reproduced on the lawn, are introduced into the computer.
  • the image (s) and / or the sign (s) are cut at several points which correspond to a cutting into several sectors 13 of the lawn surface.
  • the driver first places the device on the starting line 15. He first directs it along the first track, manually.
  • the apparatus is equipped with a device which places on the edge of the runway, to the left of the apparatus in the embodiment shown in FIG. 33, at regular intervals, for example at the limit of each sector 13, small ferromagnetic metal balls.
  • the device is also equipped with magnetic sensors connected to the computer, and with a magnetic device which makes it possible to recover the balls on the way.
  • the balls are deposited during the passage of the device on the first track.
  • the computer causes the balls to be released and activates the use of brushes and / or rollers when the device is in a determined position.
  • the preferred method consists in providing the device with a distance counter, which is activated by one or more of the rollers which support the device, or by a wheel attached to the device and which rolls freely on the lawn.
  • Such meters are common instruments, for example on automobiles.
  • the meter transmits its indications to the computer, which transmits its instructions to the engines according to the program introduced by the driver.
  • the sensors transmit to the computer the data which they collect as to the position of the device relative to that of the balls. It is no longer the counter that is decisive.
  • the position of the balls not only determines the direction given to the device, but also the moment when the brush or the roller must come into action to give the lawn the desired direction in a given sector, as well as the position of the new series. balls to be deposited along the second track: while the device collects the balls placed on the edge of the first track, it deposits them at the edge of the second track. Of course, it can be the same balls which are transferred by the device from the edge of the first to the edge of the second track.
  • the driver After processing the second track, the driver places the aircraft on the start line again, at the start of the next track, and the process begins again. Arrived at the last track, the computer orders the device which deposits the balls not to function any more, only functioning the one which ensures the collection of the balls at the edge of the penultimate track.
  • the computer causes the marking of a line in the lawn, at the edge of the track.
  • the driver thus guides the apparatus for the next track along the line thus drawn.
  • the line will be drawn so that the passage of the device for processing the next track causes its erasure.
  • the device will have to pass over it.
  • the device erases this first line, it draws a second one, on the edge of the second track. This second line will be deleted by the passage of the device on the third track. The process begins again until the entire surface has been treated.
  • Another embodiment of the method consists in burying in the ground, a few centimeters from the surface, a metal grid which corresponds to the edges of the tracks and the start and finish lines, as shown in Figure 33.
  • the device is equipped with sensors which transmit the position of the device to the computer.
  • a measuring device signals to the computer and to the driver any deviation between the actual position of the device and the position predicted and stored in the computer.
  • the control can be automatic or manual.
  • transceivers on the ground and on the device.
  • Such devices make it possible to measure the distance and / or the angle, which allows the computer to calculate the position of the device relative to the transceivers placed on the ground.
  • Figure 34 schematically shows that such transceivers could be placed at A and B. Microwaves, ultrasound or infrared can be used in such a system.
  • the piloting can be automatic or manual.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
EP94810427A 1993-07-28 1994-07-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Markieren von Rasenfläche Expired - Lifetime EP0636393B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH227393 1993-07-28
CH2273/93 1993-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0636393A1 true EP0636393A1 (de) 1995-02-01
EP0636393B1 EP0636393B1 (de) 1998-06-03

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EP94810427A Expired - Lifetime EP0636393B1 (de) 1993-07-28 1994-07-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Markieren von Rasenfläche

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US (2) US5540516A (de)
EP (1) EP0636393B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07152336A (de)
KR (1) KR950004080A (de)
CN (1) CN1102353A (de)
AT (1) ATE166793T1 (de)
AU (1) AU6864194A (de)
BR (1) BR9402941A (de)
CA (1) CA2128948A1 (de)
CZ (1) CZ180594A3 (de)
DE (1) DE69410709T2 (de)
PL (1) PL304453A1 (de)
TW (1) TW279961B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999049945A1 (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-07 Turf Image Limited Method of marking indicia onto a grass surface
EP1417991A1 (de) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-12 Klaus Ortmanns Vorrichtung zur Nutzung von Rasenflächen als Werbeflächen
WO2010039203A1 (en) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for generating an electronic record of environmental landmarks based on marking device actuations
US8374789B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2013-02-12 Certusview Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for using marking information to electronically display dispensing of markers by a marking system or marking tool
US8407001B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-03-26 Certusview Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for using location data to electronically display dispensing of markers by a marking system or marking tool
US8626571B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2014-01-07 Certusview Technologies, Llc Management system, and associated methods and apparatus, for dispatching tickets, receiving field information, and performing a quality assessment for underground facility locate and/or marking operations
WO2014084332A1 (ja) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-05 ヤンマー株式会社 自律走行作業システム
US9097522B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2015-08-04 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and marking devices with mechanisms for indicating and/or detecting marking material color
FR3081889A1 (fr) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-06 Natural Grass Vehicule pour reproduire une image sur au moins un rectangle de marquage d'une zone engazonnee

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CN107208386B (zh) * 2015-02-03 2020-05-08 瓦格纳喷涂技术有限公司 具有可部署扫除机的道路划线机
WO2016160931A1 (en) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Shinyfield A chlorophyll-based agent for marking living greenery
US9924634B2 (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-03-27 Juan Miguel Mayordomo Vicente Device for marking natural and artificial grass areas
CN109423970A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2019-03-05 长沙福田汽车科技有限公司 扫刷组件、护栏清理装置和护栏清洗车
FR3078194B1 (fr) * 2018-02-21 2020-02-07 Natural Grass Procede pour reproduire un motif a marquer sur une zone engazonnee
JP6908949B2 (ja) * 2019-03-28 2021-07-28 有限会社渥美不動産アンドコーポレーション 筒型回転体を備える飛行装置
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US8626571B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2014-01-07 Certusview Technologies, Llc Management system, and associated methods and apparatus, for dispatching tickets, receiving field information, and performing a quality assessment for underground facility locate and/or marking operations
US8731999B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2014-05-20 Certusview Technologies, Llc Management system, and associated methods and apparatus, for providing improved visibility, quality control and audit capability for underground facility locate and/or marking operations
US9185176B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2015-11-10 Certusview Technologies, Llc Methods and apparatus for managing locate and/or marking operations
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WO2014084332A1 (ja) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-05 ヤンマー株式会社 自律走行作業システム
FR3081889A1 (fr) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-06 Natural Grass Vehicule pour reproduire une image sur au moins un rectangle de marquage d'une zone engazonnee
WO2019229375A3 (fr) * 2018-05-30 2020-02-20 Natural Grass Vehicule pour reproduire une image sur au moins un rectangle de marquage d'une zone engazonnee

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DE69410709T2 (de) 1999-05-20
CZ180594A3 (en) 1995-02-15
TW279961B (de) 1996-07-01
JPH07152336A (ja) 1995-06-16
DE69410709D1 (de) 1998-07-09
PL304453A1 (en) 1995-02-06
KR950004080A (ko) 1995-02-17
BR9402941A (pt) 1995-04-11
CN1102353A (zh) 1995-05-10
US5681129A (en) 1997-10-28
EP0636393B1 (de) 1998-06-03
ATE166793T1 (de) 1998-06-15
AU6864194A (en) 1995-02-09
CA2128948A1 (fr) 1995-01-29
US5540516A (en) 1996-07-30

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