EP0633955B1 - Process for automatic manufacture of a textile backing with decorative effects and device for carrying out said process - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR93/00232 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 7, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 7, 1994 PCT Filed Mar. 10, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/18216 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 16, 1993A textile backing with a decorative weft is manufactured by raising at least one bonding needle across the warp yarn lap of the textile backing, the bonding needle being used to form a locking mesh having a number of loops; retracting the needles under the textile backing; inserting a decorative weft at right angles to the warp yarns; simultaneously raising and shifting the needles and shifting the locking mesh yam in a circular arc movement using binding guides in order to twill the path of the bonding needle, thereby forming a locking mesh for retaining the decorative weft; displacing the binding guides in translation at a top dead center position for flattening the decorative weft yam against the needle; lowering the bonding needles, drawing the mesh-forming yarn, and creating a loop of locking mesh yarn which encloses the decorative weft; and re-shifting the guides in translation at bottom dead center position in preparation for a new cycle.

Description

The problem which the invention proposes to solve is to produce a textile support having one or more decorative effects.

Generally, according to known techniques, a support woven generally on a Jacquard loom or a mesh support produced on a loom with hooks is used. Such techniques require the use of heavy organs and complex kinematics.

In the case of a Jacquard loom, we use shuttles whose capacities are limited. Furthermore, in a Jacquard technique, the speed is limited, taking into account the very significant mechanical stresses which appear, in particular at the leaf, of the "paperback" type.

In the mesh technique, the loom generally implements a barrel and a bar guide, which constitute a mechanical assembly, requiring a significant processing time, and a reduced production rate.

In either case, the wire reserve capacity is very limited, so that it is difficult to use large section wires. Last but not least, these techniques are ill-suited economically and in terms of speed.

Patent FR 2 339 011 discloses a process combining the techniques of the loom and those of the hook loom. Essentially, this document teaches the execution on a trade, of a basic textile support, and simultaneously, the realization of any decorative effect. The decorative effect is blocked on the textile support by means of meshes which are executed simultaneously with said support. However, the solution for achieving these objectives is not satisfactory, the means of implementation being complicated, so that the results obtained are not satisfactory.

The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks in a simple, safe, efficient and rational manner.

The problem which the invention proposes to solve is to obtain a textile support with decorative effects, using rapid looms, including without shuttles, - to obtain very high production rates, by combining weaving techniques and of mesh.

• on réalise sur un métier automatique, un support textile comprenant des fils de trame et des fls de chaîne,
• simultanément à la formation du support, on réalise au moins un effet décoratif bloqué sur le support textile, au moyen de mailles exécutées simultanément avec le support de base,
• on remonte des aiguilles de liage de formation de la maille de blocage à travers la nappe des fils de chaîne du support de base,
• on escamote les aiguilles de liage de formation de la maille de blocage sous le support textile de base,
• on inserre la trame fantaisie, perpendiculairement au fils de chaîne du support textile de base,
• on déplace et on remonte les aiguilles de liage de formation de la maille de blocage et simultanément on déplace, au moyen de passettes selon un mouvement en arc de cercle qui croise la trajectoire desdites aiguilles, le fil de maille du blocage, ce qui a pour effet de former la maille de blocage de la trame fantaisie et la plaquer contre les aiguilles,
• au point mort on déplace en translation, perpendiculairement à la chaîne, les pincettes de liage de formation de la maille de blocage,
• on rabaisse simultanément les aiguilles et les passettes de liage de formation de blocage, qui entraine les fils de formation des mailles en créant une boucle de maille enserrant la trame fantaisie,
• on retient la ou les trames fantaisie, par les mailles de la chaîne, pour former des parties de trame fantaisie flottante, parallèles à la chaine, constituant ainsi des boucles de trame fantaisie variable en amplitude et en longueur, en fonction d'une programmation déterminée.

According to a characteristic on the basis of the invention, a process has been designed and developed for the automatic production of a textile support with decorative effects, according to which:

• a textile support is produced on an automatic loom comprising weft threads and warp threads,
• simultaneously with the formation of the support, at least one decorative effect is blocked on the textile support, by means of meshes executed simultaneously with the base support,
• the binding needles are raised to form the blocking mesh through the ply of the warp threads of the base support,
• the binding needles for forming the blocking mesh are retracted under the basic textile support,
• we insert the fancy weft, perpendicular to the warp thread of the basic textile support,
• the binding needles are moved and reassembled to form the blocking mesh and simultaneously, by means of passettes, they are displaced in a movement in an arc of circle which crosses the trajectory of said needles, the blocking mesh wire, which has the effect of forming the blocking mesh of the fancy weft and pressing it against the needles,
• in neutral, the tweezers for forming the blocking mesh are moved in translation, perpendicular to the chain,
• simultaneously lowering the needles and the passettes for binding blocking binding, which drives the mesh forming threads by creating a loop of mesh enclosing the fancy weft,
• the fancy weft (s) is retained, by the chain stitches, to form floating fancy weft parts, parallel to the warp, thus constituting fancy weft loops variable in amplitude and in length, according to a determined programming .

• des moyens pour la distribution de la ou des trames fantaisie,
• des moyens pour animer les aiguilles de liage de formation de la maille de blocage, d'un mouvement de va et vient pour les soumettre à un déplacement vertical et en translation, respectivement sur et sous la chaîne et parallèle à cette dernière, en constituant un cycle "carré",
• des moyens pour soumettre un ou des supports recevant le fil de maille de blocage à un mouvement d'arc de cercle, qui croise la trajectoire des aiguilles,
• des moyens pour déplacer selon un mouvement rectangulaire, des organes aptes à retenir temporairement, la ou les trames de l'effet décoratif ou par une commande électronique programmée,
• des moyens de commande programmables aptes à agir sur les moyens de distribution de la trame de fantaisie pour modifier à volonté ses déplacements.

For the implementation of the method and the execution of each of these characteristic steps on any type of fast loom, the device comprises:

• means for the distribution of the fancy frame (s),
• means for animating the binding needles for forming the blocking mesh, with a back and forth movement to subject them to a vertical displacement and in translation, respectively on and under the chain and parallel to the latter, constituting a "square" cycle,
• means for subjecting one or more supports receiving the blocking mesh wire to a circular arc movement, which crosses the path of the needles,
• means for moving, in a rectangular movement, members capable of temporarily retaining the frame (s) of the decorative effect or by a programmed electronic control,
• programmable control means capable of acting on the distribution means of the fancy frame to modify its movements at will.

To solve the problem of obtaining decorative effects, the distribution means of the fancy frame (s) comprise at least one wire guide, supporting said frame, said wire guide being coupled to a transfer carriage movable in translation and whose command is controlled by a programming unit.

To solve the problem of modifying the decorative effect, the thread guide (s) are integral with guide bars for translational movement of the carriage, perpendicular to the warp threads of the basic textile support, the carriage cooperating with a system drive coupled to a programmable motor.

To solve the problem posed of ensuring the blocking of the decorative effect (s) by means of the stitches, the means for controlling the binding needles for forming the blocking mesh are constituted by an oscillating support receiving the said needles mounted in a needle bar , said support cooperating with drive and movement transformation members, to subject all of said needles to vertical and translational movement, back and forth through and under the basic textile support.

In view of the problem posed of having the decorative effect (s) on the basic support, the means for subjecting the blocking thread (s) to a circular arc movement, are constituted by a system of connecting rods and cranks when controlling the support receiving the binding needles for forming the blocking mesh, said system acting by means of a link on an axis on which the supports receiving the wires of blocking meshes are mounted.

The means for moving in a rectangular movement, the members capable of temporarily retaining the weft (s) of the decorative effect, are constituted by a deformable parallelogram system.

To solve the problem posed of distributing the fancy weft above the textile support, by modifying at will the decorative effects obtained, the programmable control means able to act on the means of distribution of the fancy weft to modify at will its movement, are constituted by a stepping motor, electronically controlled integrating two parameters, namely an amplitude of the fancy weft of direction perpendicular to the warp thread and according to a movement to the right or to the left and a frequency of movements or not with each revolution of the job.

The invention is set out below in more detail using the appended drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a large-scale view showing the principle of the manufacturing method according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2.2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment, especially at the textile support.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the manufacture of the article according to the programming chosen.

Figure 5 is a front view of a machine equipped with the device according to the invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view corresponding to FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 5.

FIG. 8 shows the means for moving the binding needles for forming the blocking mesh.

FIG. 9 shows in particular the means for controlling the members capable of temporarily retaining the frame (s) of the decorative effect.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of an article obtained according to the method of the invention.

FIG. 11 shows an example of programming of the motor for controlling the thread guide of the fancy weft, according to the decorative effect obtained.

Figures 12, 13 and 14 show the clamping of the fancy weft between the back of the needles and the locking thread on the textile support.

Figure 15 shows an example for producing loops of different amplitudes, depending on the program chosen.

As shown in FIG. 1, a textile support is produced on an automatic loom, of any known and appropriate type, comprising weft threads (1) and warp threads (2). Simultaneously, at the formation of the support, at least one decorative effect (3) is produced, blocked on the textile support by means of meshes (4) executed simultaneously with the base support.

As will be indicated in the following description, the stitches (4) are executed by needles (5), driven by a determined movement. The decorative effect (3) is carried out by means of a fancy weft (6). The realization of the basic support, by means of the warp and weft system is carried out in a completely conventional manner in combination with a comb (P), but is not described in detail, because on the one hand, this technique is perfectly known to a person skilled in the art and, on the other hand, is not part of the specific object of the invention.

The needles (5) for binding the formation of the blocking mesh (4) are arranged very substantially perpendicular to the chain ply (2) and are integral with a needle bed (15) or bed of needles animated by a reciprocating vertical movement.

According to the method of the invention, when the comb (P) withdraws from the strike, the needles (5) advance parallel to the chain and rise perpendicularly through the ply of warp threads (2) of the base support. When the needles (5) descend and disappear under the web of warp threads (2) of the base support, they are retracted under the latter at the insertion of the last pick. This deletion of the needles (5) is necessary to avoid coming into contact with the comb (P), which takes their place when arriving at the strike.

For this purpose, the needle bar (7) slides in two bearings of an oscillating support (8) articulated on an axis (O1). The needle bar (7) is connected by a crank pin (9) to a connecting rod - crank assembly (10) (11). This assembly (10) (11) is balanced and receives its movement from an axis (O2), to secure the needle bar (7) with a vertical reciprocating movement.

Given the oscillating mounting of the support (8), the needles (5) can be retracted under the base fabric, as shown.

As regards the oscillating mounting of the support (8), the latter is obtained by a cam system (12) mounted on an axis (13) and capable of acting on a roller (14) integral with said support and angularly offset relative to to the articulation axis (O1). An elastic member of the spring type ensures the return of the support (8).

The needles (5), when withdrawing, tend to block the base weft (1), by means of the mesh. When the needles (5) are under the basic textile support (1) (2), the leaf of the loom being struck, the fancy weft (6) is transferred and deposited perpendicular to the warp threads (2). The fancy frame (6) is supported by son guides (15) integral with a carriage (16). For example, depending on the decorative effect to be obtained, the device may have four son guides (15) each secured to a carriage (16).

Each of the carriages is mounted to slide freely, on a bar (17) and on a parallel bar acting as a guide (18), the set of bars (17) and (18) allows the carriage to translate perpendicular to the chain ( 2). Each carriage (16) is driven by means of a toothed belt (19) mounted on a receiving pinion (20) and a motor pinion (21), wedged on the shaft of a motor (22). This arrangement is found for each of the transfer carriages (16).

According to an important characteristic of the invention, each of the motors (22) is electronically controlled by being slaved to a programming central. For example, each motor is constituted by a stepping motor, employed in auto-switching of the ESCAP PP 520 type or by a direct current motor. Two cells with HALL effect incorporated in the motor allow this type of control.

• une amplitude de trame de sens perpendiculaire aux fils de chaîne suivant un déplacement à droite ou à gauche
• une fréquence de mouvement ou non à chaque révolution du métier.

The program includes two parameters:

• a weft amplitude of direction perpendicular to the warp threads following a movement to the right or to the left
• a frequency of movement or not with each revolution of the trade.

Illustrated in Figure 4, an example of a decorative effect obtained by the frame (6) according to a determined programming of the motors (22).

One arbitrarily chooses a possibility of movement or rest, for example on 50 revolutions or cycles of loom, which constitutes the "program step". For each cycle, an amplitude of movement, called "motor stroke", is fixed. In the example of the article to be obtained, as illustrated in FIG. 4, according to the program chosen, the fancy weft (6) is distributed, forming a small loop in steps 0 to 2 13 and 15, 15 and 18 This fancy frame (6) forms a large loop between the 2nd and the 13th step of the program, therefore on 18 lathes. When reset to 0, the transfer carriage (16), which ensures the movement of the fancy frame (6) goes under an electronic position sensor (C), mechanically adjusted, according to the convenience of the work. The value of the carriage stroke is fixed to bring it to the left of the textile support at the start of work, in position 0, after a number of pulses communicated to the motor. Different stations are programmed according to the decorative motif to be obtained.

In step N ° 0 of the program, which corresponds to the first cycle of the trade, the carriage is brought back to the left, to the value O. In step N ° 1 of the program, this value is maintained so that the carriage remains stationary. In step N ° 2 of the program, departure towards the value 200 pulses, corresponding to the formation of the large loop of the decorative effect and maintains this value until step of program N ° 13 where the value returns to 0, then start again at program step N ° 15 on the value 130 and return of the carriage to step 18 at the value 0, this step being confused with step 0 of the program with the first cycle.

We refer to FIG. 11, which shows an example of programming of the control motor of the thread guide of the fancy weft, according to the decorative effect obtained.

After transfer and deposit of the fancy weft (6) on the base support, it is necessary to ensure the blocking of this fancy weft on said support, by means of the mesh wire (4).

For this purpose, the needles (5) advance and rise vertically, the comb (P) moves back and simultaneously, passettes (23) receiving the thread of the needles (5) intended to form the blocking mesh are reassembled in an arc movement of circle, which crosses the path of said needles (5). These arrangements, as shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14, have the effect of enclosing the fancy frame (6). The clamping is done between the back of the needles (5) and the mesh blocking threads (4) which pass through the thread guides (40) As shown in particular in FIG. 5, the passettes (23) are integral with an axis (O3) coupled to a link (24) to be subjected to the oscillation movement, via a connecting rod (25) - crank (26) system. This rod-crank assembly is controlled by a pinion system slaved to the movements of the pin hands (O2).

Note that the axis (03) is always pressed in particular by means of a spring (27) on the crapodine of a return lever (28). This lever (28) is coupled to a connecting rod (29) which receives its movement by a cam (30), under the action of a roller (31) integral with the connecting rod. These various movements are given by the engine of the trade, in particular by means of a toothed belt (32) and a pinion (33). mounted on the shaft (O2) (Figure 7).

The needles (5) being in top dead center, the passettes (23) move with a needle gauge pitch (5) in translation, which has the effect of causing the mesh (4) to be pressed in the making penetrate into an arrangement of needles (5), for example under the beak of this needle (Figure 2). At this time, the needles (5) begin their descent as well as the passettes by entraining in their movement, the thread (4) forming a loop which passes through the previously formed stitch, to create a new stitch.

When the needles come to bottom dead center, they move, as indicated above, to avoid the leaf and to finish blocking the fancy weft (6).

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises pins (34) arranged at the end of the needles (5) and thread guides (15) receiving the fancy weft. These pins (34) are controlled by any known and appropriate system, to subject them to a rectangular movement. These pins have the effect of temporarily retaining the threads (6) of the decorative effect during the path of the thread guides (15), for example at the time of the formation of the loop. Note that the device has two pins (34) working alternately (Figure 5). The movement of the pins is combined with that of the wire guides (15) and conditions the width of the loop.

In the example illustrated, the pins (34) are mounted in a support (35) subject to a system of deformable parallelograms consisting of links (36) (37) (38) (39) (Figure 9).

Note that this mechanical system can be substituted for an electronic control which acts either on a motor with angular movements, or on an electromagnet, acting on the backward advance travel of the pin. Such a system is subject to the previously defined program. A similar electronic control moves the spike or not perpendicularly to the warp thread, moving it away or bringing it closer to them, to make loops of different amplitudes, in accordance with the chosen program, as shown in the example of FIG. 5. Obviously, this drawing should not be considered as limiting.

• La possibilité d'utiliser un métier sans navette assurant ainsi une très grande rapidité de fabrication.
• La souplesse de fabrication.
• La possibilité de modifier à volonté le ou les effets décoratifs en fonction de la programmation.
• La qualité du produit obtenu.
• La possibilité d'adapter le dispositif sur tout type de métier.

The advantages clearly emerge from the description, in particular it is emphasized and recalled:

• The possibility of using a loom without shuttle thus ensuring a very high manufacturing speed.
• Manufacturing flexibility.
• The possibility of modifying at will the decorative effect (s) according to the programming.
• The quality of the product obtained.
• The possibility of adapting the device to any type of profession.

Claims (8)

1. A process for the automatic manufacture of a textile backing with decorative effects, in which:

   - a textile backing comprising weft yarns (1) and warp yarns (2) is made on an automatic loom,

   - simultaneously with the formation of the backing, at least one decorative effect is formed and anchored on the textile backing by means of meshes (4) made simultaneously with the basic backing,

   - the bonding needles (5) used in forming the locking mesh are raised across the warp yarn lap of the basic backing,

   - the bonding needles (5) for forming the locking mesh are retracted under the basic textile backing (1) (2),

   - the decorative weft (6) is inserted at right angles to the warp yarns (2) of the basic textile backing,

   - the bonding needles (5) for forming the locking mesh are shifted and raised again, and simultaneously, the locking mesh yarn (4) is shifted according to a circle arc movement and using binding guides (23), so as to twill the path of said needles (5), thereby forming the decorative weft's locking mesh and flattening it against the needles (5),

   - at the dead centre (O), the binding guides (23) for forming the locking mesh are displaced in translation at right angles to the warp,

   - the needles (5) and the binding guides (23) for forming the locking mesh are simultaneously lowered, drawing the mesh-forming yarns (4) by creation of a loop of meshes enclosing the decorative weft (6),

   characterized in that

   - the decorative weft or wefts (6) are held by the meshes (4) of the warp so as to define portions of the floating decorative weft parallel to the warp, thereby constituting loops of decorative weft which are variable in amplitude and length, in accordance with a predetermined programme.
2. Device for carrying out the process as claimed in Claim 1, comprising

   - means (16) (22) for distributing the decorative weft or wefts (6),

   - means (24) (25) (26) for applying motion in an arc of a circle which crosses the path of the needles (5), to a support or supports (23) that receive the locking mesh yarn (4),

   characterized in that it includes:

   - means (8) (10) (11) for moving the bonding needles (5) for forming the locking mesh in back-and-forth motion so as to subject them to vertical motion in a straight line, respectively on and under the warp and parallel to this latter, constituting a "square" cycle,

   - means (35) (36) (37) (38) (39), or a programmed electronic control unit, for displacing in rectangular motion members (34) adapted to detain temporarily the weft or wefts of the decorative effect (6),

   - programmable control means (22) adapted to act on the distribution means for the decorative weft (6) so that its displacements can be modified at will.
3. Device as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the distribution means for the decorative weft or wefts (6) comprise at least one yarn guide (15) supporting said weft (6), said yarn guide (15) being coupled to a transfer carriage (16) displaceable in straight line motion, control of which is provided by a programmable central unit.
4. Device as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the yarn guide or guides (15) secured to the transfer carriage are displaceable, on guide bars, at right angles to the warp yarns of the basic textile backing, with the carriage (16) cooperating with a drive system (20) (21) coupled to an electronically controlled stepping motor (22).
5. Device as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the control means for the bonding needles (5) for forming the locking mesh comprise an oscillating support (8) receiving said needles (5) which are mounted in a needle rod, said support (8) cooperating with members (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) for driving and for transforming motion, so as to submit all of said needles to vertical straight line to-and-fro movement through, on and under the basic textile backing.
6. Device as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the means for applying motion in an arc of a circle to the support or supports (23) receiving the locking mesh yarn (4) consist of a crank arm (25) and crank (26) system under the control of the support that receives the bonding needles for forming the locking mesh, with said system working through a crank on a shaft (03), on which the binding guides that receive the locking mesh are mounted.
7. Device as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the means for displacing, in rectangular motion, the members (34) that are adapted for the temporary retention of the weft or wefts of the decorative effect consist of a deformable parallelogram system (36) (37) (38) (39), or an electronic programmable control system.
8. Device as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the programmable control means adapted to act on the means for distributing the decorative weft so as to modify its displacement at will, consist of a stepping motor (22) controlled electronically by integrating two parameters, namely an amplitude of the decorative weft in a direction at right angles to the warp yarns and in displacement to right or left, and a frequency of movements, or not, at each revolution of the loom.

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