EP0629817B1 - Foyer - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0629817B1
EP0629817B1 EP94108586A EP94108586A EP0629817B1 EP 0629817 B1 EP0629817 B1 EP 0629817B1 EP 94108586 A EP94108586 A EP 94108586A EP 94108586 A EP94108586 A EP 94108586A EP 0629817 B1 EP0629817 B1 EP 0629817B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
fuel
firing installation
installation according
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94108586A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0629817A3 (fr
EP0629817A2 (fr
Inventor
Hans Peter Knöpfel
Hans Peter
Claude Pelet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0629817A2 publication Critical patent/EP0629817A2/fr
Publication of EP0629817A3 publication Critical patent/EP0629817A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0629817B1 publication Critical patent/EP0629817B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/30—Premixing fluegas with combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/09002—Specific devices inducing or forcing flue gas recirculation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace according to the preamble of claim 1. It also concerns a Process for operating such a system.
  • this mixture flows through a heat exchanger placed there. Before this mixture is fed to a burner as combustion air, it is subjected to a further admixture of smoke gases via a main jet injector.
  • This flue gas admixing technique requires a relatively long mixture-forming section upstream of the entry into the interior of the burner, whereby a central suction of flue gases can always lead to shape instability.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the Task based on a furnace of the beginning type referred to the flue gas recirculation rate minimizing pollutant emissions throughout To operate the furnace in such a way that maximizing the homogeneity of the Fresh air / flue gas mixture with simultaneous minimization the length of the mixture-forming route can be.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that that despite maximizing the flue gas recirculation rate in every phase of the operation of the furnace, which is for minimizing pollutant emissions below that is responsible, no negative Influences on the flame arise.
  • the Firing system is designed so that the flue gases automatically directly into the area of influence of the suction effect of the incoming fresh air and come with it to combine this into a combustion air mixture.
  • the Means are that the introduction of fresh air happens via the largest possible number of jet injectors.
  • the individual injectors are initially outside the actual burner, they each suck a certain amount of smoke gas, that the formation of fresh air and flue gases Combustion air by dividing it into as possible many partial flows have an optimal degree of mixing.
  • Another important advantage of the invention is that to see that the division described above into one immediate and better mixture formation with minimized Mixing section leads, which has a positive effect on the dimensioning of the burner.
  • Another important advantage of the invention is that to see the injectors by size and location can be targeted, for example around the to meet the final purpose, relatively more at part load to recirculate, or at full load the aerodynamics of the Do not negatively influence Brenners.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a furnace 100, which essentially consists of one in itself closed combustion chamber 11, which in turn with is equipped with at least one burner 200.
  • Burner 200 is a premix burner, the Operation with flue gas recirculation is supplemented.
  • This backflow the flue gas 20 is a passive flue gas recirculation, which is triggered by two crucial precautions becomes.
  • the premix burner 200 is basically surrounded by smoke gases 20.
  • the premix burner 200 is as large as possible Number of individual fresh air feeds 19, which regularly and integrally all intended openings cover to interior 14 of premix burner 200.
  • the openings to the interior 14 are both schematic symbolized radially and axially by the arrows 19,
  • the radial combustion air supply at the visible premix burner 200 is a tangential flow, where more about this is said under Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the single ones Fresh air supplies 19 are consistently through Jet injectors 300 added, which develop that suction power, which trigger passive flue gas recirculation capable, i.e. the required flue gas recirculation rate due to the suction effect of the incoming fresh air 19, set without further outside help.
  • Jet injectors 300 which develop that suction power, which trigger passive flue gas recirculation capable, i.e. the required flue gas recirculation rate due to the suction effect of the incoming fresh air 19, set without further outside help.
  • the premix burner 200 according to FIG. 2 consists of two halves hollow conical partial bodies 1, 2, which are offset from one another lie on one another. It goes without saying that Forming the premix burner 200 required number of tapered Partial bodies are not limited to two.
  • the partial body 1, 2 in the flow direction another Have opening configuration, for example regularly or irregularly increasing taper, which figuratively leads to a trumpet shape, or a regularly or irregularly decreasing taper, which figuratively leads to a tulip shape.
  • the latter two forms are not drawn recorded because they are easy to understand. Which The final form chosen depends on the different Parameters of the respective combustion.
  • the dislocation the respective central axis 1b, 2b of the conical Partial body 1, 2 creates each other on both sides in Axially symmetrical arrangement each a tangential Air inlet slot 21, 22 (Fig.
  • the two conical partial bodies 1, 2 each have a cylindrical starting part 1a, 2a, which is also analog to the partial bodies 1, 2 run offset to one another, so that the tangential air inlet slots 21, 22 over the entire length of the premix burner 200 is present.
  • the premix burner 200 can be purely conical, thus formed without cylindrical starting parts 1a, 2a be.
  • the is particularly good as a seat for anchoring of the whole premix burner 200 is at least a fuel nozzle 3 housed.
  • jet injectors which the axially brought up and also from fresh air and Provide flue gas composed of combustion air 16.
  • jet injectors 300 referred to Fig. 3.
  • Both partial bodies 1, 2 have if necessary, one extending in the axial direction
  • Fuel line 8, 9, which with a number of nozzles 17 are provided. Through these lines is preferred a gaseous fuel 13 passed through the above Nozzles 17 in the area of the tangential air inlet slots 21, 22 (see FIG. 3) of those flowing through there Combustion air 15 is added.
  • the premix burner 200 alone with the fuel supply over the Nozzle 3, or operated via the nozzles 17.
  • the premix burner 200 has a collar-shaped plate 10, which has a number of bores 10a what dilution or cooling air the front part of the Premix burner 200 is supplied. Is via the nozzle 3 A liquid fuel 12 is supplied, so this is in an acute angle into the interior 14 of the premix burner 200 injected, such that it extends to the burner outlet level the most homogeneous conical spray pattern possible 5 sets.
  • the fuel injection 4 can be an air-assisted nozzle or a nozzle which works on a pressure atomization principle.
  • the conical Spray pattern 5 is, according to the number of air inlet slots 21, 22, of combustion air flows flowing in tangentially 15 and from the axially brought up further combustion air 16 enclosed.
  • the mixture formation begins with the combustion air 15 already in the area the air inlet slots 21, 22.
  • the optimal, homogeneous fuel concentration reached across the cross section.
  • the ignition of the fuel / combustion air mixture begins at Tip of the backflow zone 6.
  • the axial speed of the mixture can be further by the aforementioned axial feeding of Influence combustion air 16.
  • the construction of the Premix burner 200 is not suitable for a given one length of the premix burner 200 to be exceeded, excellent, the gap width of the tangential air inlet slots 21, 22 to change by the partial cone body 1, 2 can be moved to or from each other, whereby the distance between the two central axes 1b, 2b, as a result, reduced or magnified like this can be easily derived from FIG. 3. It is straightforward too possible, the tapered body 1, 2 by a rotating Shift movement into each other. So it is possible with appropriate precautions, the shape and size of the tangential air inlet slots 21, 22 during operation to vary with what, without changing the overall length, the same premix burner 200 a wide functionality can cover.
  • Fig. 3 is a section approximately in the middle of the premix burner 200, according to section plane III-III from Fig. 2.
  • Die Inlet channels 25 arranged in mirror image in tangential fashion, 26 perform the function of a mixing section, in which the final mixture formation between fresh air 19 and recirculated flue gas 20 is perfected.
  • the combustion air 15 is processed in a jet injector system 300; the axially brought in air is also in processed in a jet system.
  • this channel is to the tangential entry slots 21, 22 27, 28 closed by a perforated plate 23, 24.
  • the perforations perform the function of individual injector nozzles 29a, 29b, which have a suction effect the surrounding flue gas 20 so that each Injector nozzle 29a, 29b each only a certain proportion sucked in flue gas 20, whereupon over the entire axial length the perforated plate 27, 28 a uniform flue gas admixture takes place.
  • This configuration causes that already at the point of contact of the two media, i.e. the Fresh air 19 and the flue gas 20, an intimate mixture takes place, so the flow length of the inlet channels 25, 26 can be minimized for the mixture formation can.
  • the local jet injector configuration also stands out 300 characterized in that the geometry of the premix burner 200, especially what the shape and size of the tangential air inlet slots 21, 22, remains dimensionally stable, i.e. through the evenly dosed Distribution of the hot smoke gases 20 along the Entire axial length of the premix burner 200 arise no thermal distortions.
  • the same jet injector configuration like the one just described here applies also for axial fresh air / flue gas mixture formation.
  • the inflow cross section 18 is here also with a Number of injector nozzles 29c covered, which after the same Principle of how the injector nozzles 29a, 29b work, which also symbolizes from Fig. 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Installation de chauffe, se composant d'une chambre de combustion (11), d'un brûleur à prémélange (200) et de moyens pour la formation d'un air de combustion (15, 16) composé d'air frais (19) et de gaz de fumées (20), dans laquelle le brûleur à prémélange se compose, dans le sens de l'écoulement, d'au moins deux corps partiels creux (1, 2) placés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, dont les axes centraux (1b, 2b) sont orientés dans le sens longitudinal des corps partiels avec un décalage l'un par rapport à l'autre tel qu'il apparaisse ainsi une section transversale d'entrée axiale et des fentes d'entrée tangentielles (21, 22) pour l'introduction de l'air de combustion dans l'espace intérieur (14) du brûleur à prémélange, et dans laquelle le brûleur à prémélange peut fonctionner avec au moins un injecteur de combustible (3, 17), caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour la formation de l'air de combustion se composent de gicleurs d'injection individuels (29a, 29b, 29c), en ce que les gicleurs d'injection (29a, 29b, 29c) sont placés dans la section transversale d'entrée axiale (18) et, dans le sens de l'écoulement de l'air de combustion (15), en amont des fentes d'entrée tangentielles, de telle façon que toutes les ouvertures d'entrée de l'air frais (19) soient, avant la formation du mélange de celui-ci avec les gaz de fumées (20) dans le sens de l'écoulement vers l'espace intérieur du brûleur à prémélange, pourvues d'un réseau serré d'injecteurs (29a, 29b, 29c).
  2. Installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le brûleur à prémélange (200) est pourvu d'au moins un injecteur de combustible (3) placé du côté de la tête et/ou d'un certain nombre d'injecteurs de combustible (17) disposés dans la région des fentes d'entrée tangentielles (21, 22).
  3. Installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'on peut introduire un combustible liquide (12) par l'injecteur de combustible (3) et un combustible gazeux (13) par les injecteurs de combustible (17).
  4. Installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les corps partiels (1, 2) présentent dans le sens de l'écoulement une section transversale d'écoulement croissant de façon régulière.
  5. Installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les corps partiels (1, 2) présentent dans le sens de l'écoulement une section transversale d'écoulement croissant de façon irrégulière.
  6. Installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les corps partiels (1, 2) présentent dans le sens de l'écoulement une section transversale d'écoulement décroissante.
  7. Procédé pour la conduite d'une installation de chauffe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les gaz de fumées (20) sont aspirés directement hors de la chambre de combustion (11) de l'installation de chauffe par l'action d'aspiration des gicleurs d'injection (29a, 29b, 29c) parcourus par l'air frais, pour la formation de l'air de combustion (15, 16).
EP94108586A 1993-06-18 1994-06-04 Foyer Expired - Lifetime EP0629817B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4320212A DE4320212A1 (de) 1993-06-18 1993-06-18 Feuerungsanlage
DE4320212 1993-06-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0629817A2 EP0629817A2 (fr) 1994-12-21
EP0629817A3 EP0629817A3 (fr) 1995-05-31
EP0629817B1 true EP0629817B1 (fr) 1998-08-19

Family

ID=6490622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94108586A Expired - Lifetime EP0629817B1 (fr) 1993-06-18 1994-06-04 Foyer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5423674A (fr)
EP (1) EP0629817B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4320212A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4422535A1 (de) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-04 Abb Research Ltd Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Feuerungsanlage
DE4424639A1 (de) * 1994-07-13 1996-01-18 Abb Research Ltd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brennstoffverteilung in einem sowohl für flüssige als auch für gasförmige Brennstoffe geeigneten Brenner
US5516282A (en) * 1995-01-03 1996-05-14 Unique Marketing 2000 Inc. Burner tube and space heater employing the tube
DE19523094A1 (de) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-02 Abb Management Ag Brennkammer
DE19545036A1 (de) * 1995-12-02 1997-06-05 Abb Research Ltd Vormischbrenner
DE19545026A1 (de) * 1995-12-02 1997-06-05 Abb Research Ltd Vormischbrenner
DE19654741A1 (de) * 1996-12-30 1998-07-02 Abb Research Ltd Kesselanlage für eine Wärmeerzeugung
ATE228628T1 (de) * 1997-03-18 2002-12-15 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Kesselanlage für eine wärmeerzeugung
EP0866268B1 (fr) * 1997-03-18 2001-01-17 ALSTOM Power (Schweiz) AG Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur stabilisé par vortex et brûleur mettant en oeuvre le procédé
ATE232588T1 (de) * 1997-03-18 2003-02-15 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Verfahren zum betrieb einer kesselanlage und die kesselanlage
DE19721936A1 (de) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-03 Abb Research Ltd Brenner zum Betrieb eines Aggregates zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases
DE10050248A1 (de) * 2000-10-11 2002-04-18 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner
DE10064259B4 (de) * 2000-12-22 2012-02-02 Alstom Technology Ltd. Brenner mit hoher Flammenstabilität
EP1262714A1 (fr) 2001-06-01 2002-12-04 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz de combustion
US9243803B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2016-01-26 General Electric Company System for cooling a multi-tube fuel nozzle
US9441543B2 (en) * 2012-11-20 2016-09-13 Niigata Power Systems Co., Ltd. Gas turbine combustor including a premixing chamber having an inner diameter enlarging portion
DE102014205198A1 (de) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Kba-Metalprint Gmbh Brenner und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Nachverbrennung von Abluft
DE102014205200B3 (de) * 2014-03-20 2015-06-11 Kba-Metalprint Gmbh Vorrichtung zur thermischen Nachverbrennung von Abluft
DE102014205201A1 (de) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Kba-Metalprint Gmbh Vorrichtung zur thermischen Nachverbrennung von Abluft
JP6602004B2 (ja) * 2014-09-29 2019-11-06 川崎重工業株式会社 燃料噴射器及びガスタービン
DE102016001893A1 (de) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-17 Eisenmann Se Brennereinheit und Vorrichtung zum Temperieren von Gegenständen
DE102016117408B4 (de) * 2016-09-15 2020-11-26 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Brennkammerbaugruppe für ein brennstoffbetriebenes Fahrzeugheizgerät
CN106765061B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2023-07-11 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 燃烧器区域变截面适应灵活性调峰的煤粉锅炉炉膛
DE102018127168B3 (de) * 2018-08-14 2019-10-17 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Fahrzeugheizgerät

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US1486684A (en) * 1922-05-22 1924-03-11 Frantisek A Pozar Means for scutching and breaking fibrous plant stalks
JPS5129726A (fr) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
US4277942A (en) * 1979-02-28 1981-07-14 Kommanditbolaget United Stirling Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus
DE3821526A1 (de) * 1988-06-25 1989-12-28 May Michael G Verfahren und einrichtung zur verbrennung von brennstoff
CH679692A5 (fr) * 1989-04-24 1992-03-31 Asea Brown Boveri
DE8909288U1 (de) * 1989-07-14 1989-11-30 Electro-Oil GmbH, 2057 Reinbek Feuerung mit einer Einrichtung zum Rückführen von Verbrennungsprodukten
CH680157A5 (fr) * 1989-12-01 1992-06-30 Asea Brown Boveri
EP0483520A3 (en) * 1990-10-02 1992-10-14 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the combustion of gaseous and liquid fuels generating a low emission of noxious products
DE4237187A1 (de) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-05 Raimund Prof Dr Ruderich Wirbelerzeuger für einen Brenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0629817A3 (fr) 1995-05-31
US5423674A (en) 1995-06-13
DE59406713D1 (de) 1998-09-24
DE4320212A1 (de) 1994-12-22
EP0629817A2 (fr) 1994-12-21

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