EP0629732A1 - Device for wet treatment of an endless textile material - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for the wet treatment of an endless textile material M by means of a treatment liquid, which comprises: - a bowl (1) comprising an orifice (2) for the loading and unloading of the textile material to be treated and a J-shaped basket (3), in which the wet material accumulates and advances; - a closed circuit for discharging and recycling the treatment fluid, comprising an outlet port (25) located at the bottom of the bowl (1), a circulating pump, a heat exchanger, a filtration assembly and a feed port (22) to the bowl (1); - a jet (21) for impregnating and driving the material M in movement by means of the treatment liquid itself; - a means for depositing the impregnated material in the branch (5) of the J which forms the entrance of the basket (3); characterised: - in that, between the exit (6) of the basket (3) and the entrance of the jet (21), it also comprises a pneumatic means (11-16) intended for previously spreading this material M; - and in that, after the exit (31) of the jet (21), it comprises a deflector (35) intended for deflecting the material M to the entrance (5) of the basket (3). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for the wet treatment of an endless textile material, such as a fabric, a knitted fabric, a skein, by means of a treatment liquid, in particular a dyeing bath.

Several techniques are already known for treating an endless fabric using a liquid.

In a first technique called "jet", described in document US-A-3,921,420 corresponding to document FR-A-2,214,248, the textile material is circulated in a substantially round tank with horizontal axis by means of '' a venturi nozzle, from which the liquid overflows in the form of a liquid vein which entrains the textile material by friction. In a variant described in document US-A-3,921,420, the venturi jet is associated with a call wheel driven in rotation to facilitate the advancement of the textile material. Although widely used, these jet machines have the disadvantage of creating defects in the appearance of the fabric, defects generally called "breaks" or "folds", which are caused by the passage of the textile material often twisted in the same arrangement on the take-up roll intended to facilitate the advancement of the material, gravity storage in the depositing tray further accentuating these defects.

In document FR-A-2 429 857, used by the Applicant under the name "CBS", it has been suggested to associate with the spinner a nozzle of pressurized air, disposed between the outlet of the basket from the tank and the spinner, intended to spread, to twist, to swell the advancing textile material. Here, the treatment tank follows the shape of a pear and the treatment liquid sprinkles the textile material at the level of the spinner. The textile material once impregnated, is deposited at the entrance of the basket in J perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the tank in the form of a stack. This technique is well suited to the treatment of knitwear.

However, it is not satisfactory for the treatment of light warp and weft fabrics, in particular in polyamide or polyester microfilaments, due to a lack of friction drive between the material to be treated and the non-channeled flow of the treatment which flows by gravity in the form of a river, without significant pressure.

In a variant, described in document FR-A-2 619 834, corresponding to patent US-A-5 014 525, the spreading nozzle is arranged horizontally and no longer vertically, so as to replace the training spinner.

Although successfully used by the Applicant, in particular under the name "ALIZEE", this solution has the drawback of requiring a non-positive and uncontrolled training of the material, which causes dyeing irregularities. In addition, the action of air in the spreading nozzle arranged before the watering boom sometimes causes displacement of threads on fine fabrics.

The invention overcomes these drawbacks.

It aims at a device for the wet treatment of an endless textile material, which is economical to build and operate, which makes it possible to implement reduced bath ratios, to treat with satisfaction warp and weft fabrics lightweight, especially in synthetic microfilaments, improves the feel of the fabric, allows a positive and controllable training of the material with good impregnation and avoiding the displacement of the threads on light and fragile fabrics.

• une cuve comprenant une ouverture de chargement et de déchargement de la matière textile à traiter et un panier en forme de J où s'entasse et avance la matière mouillée ;
• un circuit fermé pour emmener et recycler le fluide de traitement comprenant un orifice de sortie disposé au bas de la cuve, une pompe de circulation, un échangeur thermique, un ensemble de filtration et un orifice d'amenée à la cuve ;
• un jet pour imprégner et entraîner la matière en mouvement par le liquide de traitement lui-même ;
• un moyen pour déposer la matière imprégnée dans la branche du J formant l'entrée du panier ;

se caractérise :

• en ce que, entre la sortie du panier et l'entrée du jet, il comprend également un moyen pneumatique destiné à étaler préalablement la matière ;
• et en ce que, après la sortie du jet, il comporte un déflecteur destiné à dévier la matière sur l'entrée du panier.

This device for the wet treatment of an endless textile material by means of a treatment liquid, which comprises:

• a tank comprising an opening for loading and unloading the textile material to be treated and a J-shaped basket where the wet material is piled up and advanced;
• a closed circuit for supplying and recycling the treatment fluid comprising an outlet orifice arranged at the bottom of the tank, a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a filtration assembly and a port for supplying to the tank;
• a jet for impregnating and entraining the moving material by the treatment liquid itself;
• means for depositing the impregnated material in the branch of J forming the entrance to the basket;

is characterized :

• in that, between the outlet of the basket and the inlet of the jet, it also comprises a pneumatic means intended to spread the material beforehand;
• and in that, after the outlet of the jet, it comprises a deflector intended to deflect the material on the inlet of the basket.

In other words, the invention consists in using a treatment assembly formed on the one hand, of a pneumatic spreading chamber of the textile material to be treated coming from the basket, associated on the other hand with a jet intended to cause the advancement of the material under the effect of the kinetic energy of the treatment liquid, finally a deflector associated with the jet to direct the impregnated material on the inlet of the basket.

In the description and in the claims, "pneumatic means" means any means whose action is imparted by air, whether this is at atmospheric pressure or under pressure.

In a first embodiment, the pneumatic spreading means characteristic of the invention acts against the direction of the direction of advance of the material to be treated; this arrangement is particularly suitable for treating light knitwear.

In a second embodiment, the pneumatic means acts essentially in the same direction as that of advancing the material; this arrangement is particularly suitable for treating warp and weft fabrics, in particular microfilaments.

In a third embodiment, the pneumatic means is associated with a preferably mechanical control member, which, on request, directs the pneumatic means indifferently or simultaneously in one direction and / or the other, and this for better control or control the prior spreading of the material to be treated.

• entre la sortie du panier et l'entrée du moyen pneumatique d'étalement, le dispositif présente un rouleau fou de détour comportant une pluralité de barettes disposées selon des génératrices ;
• le moyen pneumatique d'étalement est constitué par :
  • . une tubulure disposée en amont du jet et co-axial à celui-ci.
  • . une boîte de répartition de l'air entourant la tubulure reliée à un ventilateur disposé dans la cuve entre les deux branches du panier en J ;
  • . deux orifices ménagés respectivement sur le dessus et sur le dessous de la portion de la tubulure disposés dans la boîte, inclinés par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la tubulure, en formant un angle aigü par rapport à la direction d'avancée de la matière, afin de diriger l'intégralité du jet à contre sens de cette direction d'avancée de la matière ;
• la tubulure a une forme rectangulaire et les orifices d'amenée d'air présentent une section rectangulaire, dont le plus grand côté est égal au plus grand coté de la tubulure ;
• le jet est formé de deux tubulures co-axiales horizontales respectivement interne et externe, ménageant entre elles une chambre par où arrive le liquide de traitement et formant à leurs extrémités un insterstice par où s'écoule le liquide sous pression pour entraîner la matière textile par friction au moyen de la lame ainsi formée ;
• cet insterstice est réglable par translation horizontale de la tubulure interne par rapport à la tubulure externe périphérique fixe ;
• le jet est relié à sa sortie à un diffuseur évasé à section rectangulaire ;
• le diffuseur est relié à son tour à un déflecteur formé d'une tôle convexe dont l'extrémité est disposée juste au dessus du bord extérieur de l'entrée du panier en J ;
• le déflecteur est percé d'une multitude de trous ;
• les trous sont circulaires, ont un diamètre compris entre 1 et 2 cm, sont régulièrement répartis et leur superficie totale représente de un tiers à deux tiers de la surface totale du déflecteur.

Advantageously, in practice:

• between the outlet of the basket and the inlet of the pneumatic spreading means, the device has an idler detour roller comprising a plurality of bars arranged according to generators;
• the pneumatic spreading means consists of:
  • . a tube arranged upstream of the jet and co-axial with the latter.
  • . an air distribution box surrounding the tubing connected to a fan placed in the tank between the two branches of the J-shaped basket;
  • . two orifices provided respectively on the top and on the bottom of the portion of the tubing arranged in the box, inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubing, forming an acute angle relative to the direction of advance of the material , in order to direct the entire jet against the direction of this direction of advancement of the material;
• the tubing has a rectangular shape and the air intake orifices have a rectangular section, the largest side of which is equal to the largest side of the tubing;
• the jet is formed by two horizontal coaxial tubes, respectively internal and external, providing between them a chamber through which the treatment liquid arrives and forming at their ends an interstice through which the liquid under pressure flows to entrain the textile material by friction by means of the blade thus formed;
• this gap is adjustable by horizontal translation of the internal tubing relative to the fixed peripheral external tubing;
• the jet is connected at its outlet to a flared diffuser with rectangular section;
• the diffuser is in turn connected to a deflector formed of a convex sheet, the end of which is arranged just above the outer edge of the entry of the J-shaped basket;
• the deflector is pierced with a multitude of holes;
• the holes are circular, have a diameter of between 1 and 2 cm, are regularly distributed and their total surface represents from one third to two thirds of the total surface of the deflector.

The manner in which the inventon can be carried out and the advantages which result therefrom will emerge more clearly from the example of embodiment which follows in support of the appended figures.

Figure 1 is a schematic summary representation in section of a preferred device according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a representation also in section of the spreading and jet assembly characteristic of the invention.

Figure 3 is a representation still in section of a detail of the deflector and the basket entrance.

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation seen from above of the processing assembly characteristic of the invention.

Figure 5 is a detailed representation of the crazy detour roller.

The wet treatment device characteristic of the invention shown in the figures comprises a tank (1) of stainless steel of generally round, or even elongated, shape. In a practical embodiment, the capacity of this tank (1) is close to 150 kg per tube. This tank (1) has a door (2) for loading or unloading and receives a basket (3) in the form of J, the side walls of which have a multitude of perforations designated by the general reference (4). This J-shaped basket (3) has an inlet (5) and an outlet (6). In a practical embodiment, the length of this basket at the entrance (5) is close to 90 cm for a width of 50 cm.

Between the two branches of the J, the device comprises a centrifugal fan (7) with its air inlet regulation shutter and the control (9) of this shutter. In a practical embodiment, the fan (7) is a medium pressure fan, for example from 50 to 60 millimeters of water column for a flow rate close to 0.5 to 0.6 m3 per second. This fan (7) is connected by a connection (10) to a distribution box (11), (see FIG. 2), the junction portion of which with the connection (10) receives a distribution and connection grid (12) . The width of this air distribution box (11) is close to 10 cm.

According to a characteristic of the invention, this distribution box (11) connected to the fan (7) is traversed by a tube (13), for example of rectangular shape 40 by 50 cm side, through which the textile material enters. treat. The inlet (14) of this tubing (13) advantageously follows the shape of a trumpet nose or of a circular shape to attenuate the friction of the moving material.

According to an important characteristic of the invention, in the distribution box (11), the tube (13) has two orifices formed the first (15) below, the second (16) on the top of the tube with respect to the longitudinal axis (I-I ') thereof and forming an acute angle (see Figure 2) relative to the direction of advance of the material in this tube, in order to direct the entire air jet against the direction of the axis (I-I ') along which the material advances. In practice, these two orifices have a rectangular section, the largest side of which is equal to the largest side of the tubing, ie in practice 40 cm by 1 cm. It is important that the lower (15) or upper (16) orifices match the largest dimension of the tubing (13), so as to promote the maximum spreading of the textile material which passes upstream (20) from the inlet ( 14) of the tubing, (see Figure 4), to reduce the size of this material to that of the tubing in the box (11).

The spreading, drive and impregnation assembly characteristic of the invention comprises in series a jet, designated by the general reference (21), intended to impregnate and entrain the textile material by the treatment liquid. To this end, this jet (21), (see FIG. 1), is connected by a tube (22) to a valve (23) for adjustment and shutter itself connected to the conventional circuit (24) of treatment fluid. comprising the drain orifice (25) disposed at the bottom of the tank (1), the circulation pump, the heat exchanger, the conventional filtration assembly, not shown. The jet (21) comprises (see FIG. 2), a circular inlet (26) forming a tube for supplying the treatment liquid, opening into a distribution chamber (27), through which the tube (13) passes.

In a practical embodiment, the end of this chamber (27) is formed by two co-axial frustoconical tubes with horizontal axis, respectively internal (28) and external (29), providing between them an opening (30) through which the liquid flows under pressure to form an injection blade which, under the laminar effect produced, gives off synetic energy, which then drives the material in the direction (I-I ').

In a practical embodiment, the gap (30) is close to 5 millimeters. The outlet section (31) where the material meets the treatment fluid is gradually flared (see Figure 4) to promote spreading of the material. A connection flange (32) connects this assembly to a flared frustoconical tube (33) with progressively flared section. As seen in Figure 4, the material M emerging from the end (34) is gradually spread.

According to another characteristic of the invention, this end (34) is associated with a deflector (35), (see FIG. 3), formed by a convex sheet, the end (36) of which is arranged just above the outer edge ( 37) of the inlet (5) of the basket in J. Advantageously, this deflector (35) is formed from a sheet of perforated stainless steel, so that the liquid and the air trapped in the material escape as quickly as possible. In a practical embodiment, the deflector (35) is pierced with a multitude of circular holes of 1 to 2 cm in diameter, in particular 1.7 cm, the total area of which represents from 30 to 65% of the area of the deflector (36). It is important that this deflector deflects the material M on the inlet (5) of the basket.

Unexpectedly, it has been found that the presence and arrangement of this characteristic deflector (36) promotes folding (see FIG. 3), in the direction of the width of the basket, and this over this entire width, which avoids well-known drawbacks of impregnation by a so-called "center-edge" ramp causing heterogeneities in the dyeing of an edge relative to the center of the advancing material M.

In an alternative embodiment, the co-axial frustoconical tubes (28,29) can be adjustable by respective sliding so as to vary the value of the gap (30).

According to another characteristic of the invention (see FIGS. 1 and 5), the material M, which leaves at (6) from the basket, passes over a detour roller (40) disposed just at the entrance (14) of the processing set. In a practical embodiment, this roller (40) has a plurality of bars (41,42,43) regularly distributed over generators to create contact points intended to prevent the water stream of the treatment liquid from causes the material M to slide on the idler roller (40).

When one cuts by the valve (23) the arrival of the fluid in the jet (21), one notes that immediately, the material M does not advance any more. It follows that the air sent to the distribution box (11) does not participate in the advancement of the material M, but only in its spreading.

The device according to the invention operates in the following manner.

In known manner, the tank (1) is filled with a treatment bath, for example a dye bath up to a determined level of work. The pump and the fan (7) are then started up and the material M is loaded through the orifice (2) by introducing it into the mouth (14).

When we arrive at the end of loading, we stop the bath supply, that is to say that we close the valve (23) which immediately stops the flow of the jet (21), therefore the advancement fabric. The two ends of the material M to be treated are then sewn in a conventional manner. The tank (1) is then closed and the pump and the fan (7) are restarted to carry out the treatment cycle. On average, the material M performs a complete revolution of the tank every two minutes and the cycle lasts in a conventional manner from 3 to 9 hours, depending on the treatment to be carried out.

Also in a conventional manner, the bath is recycled from the orifice (25) by the pump and it is heated by the exchanger. The bath flow rate is adjusted by the valve (23).

When it is desired to stop the circulation of the material M, the control valve (23) is completely closed, therefore the arrival of the fluid in the jet (21). Even if the air from the fan (7) continues to be sent to the distribution box (11), the material M no longer advances, since this air acts in the opposite direction. The material M is discharged in a conventional manner.

Likewise, conventionally, the speed of advance of the material M is controlled by the rotation of the idler roller (40).

The flow rate of the liquid in the treatment bath is adjusted either by the control valve (23), or with a variable speed pump drive system to keep the speed of this material M constant. The air flow rate sent into the orifices (15,16) is adjusted so as to control the prior spreading by the shutter (8) controlled either manually or automatically.

It has been found completely unexpectedly that the prior spreading of the material in (20) causes, after passage through the jet (21), a new spreading after the jet (21). As at this time, the material M which leaves the treatment assembly is very spread out and meets the deflector (36), there is a noticeable improvement in the feel of the material M, which becomes softer.

As already said in another embodiment, the pneumatic spreading means (11-16) can act in the same direction as that of the direction of advance (I-I ') of the material (M) or can act indifferently and / or simultaneously in one direction or the other.

• le fait que l'on puisse utiliser une cuve ronde classique, qui aurtorise un faible rapport de bain ;
• quand on travaille avec un faible rapport de bain, la matière textile ne baigne pas au fond du panier dans un liquide de traitement, ce qui est également favorable sur le plan de l'homogénéité du traitement, notamment de la teinture ;
• la possibilité d'augmenter la capacité d'entraînement dans le panier en J, donc de réduire le rapport de bain ;
• la possibilité de traiter avec succès de tissus chaîne et trame fins ou légers, notamment en microfilaments, et sans glissement des fils les uns par rapport aux autres, ce qui confère à ce dispositif une excellente polyvalence ;
• le déplissement et l'étalement préalable de la matière, ce qui comme déjà dit, améliore le toucher par le déflecteur ;
• atténue les hétérogénéités entre les bords et le centre de la matière ;
• enfin, évite des défauts d'aspect connus sous le nom de "cassures" ou "pliures".

The device according to the invention has many advantages compared to those marketed to date. We can cite :

• the fact that one can use a conventional round tank, which has a low bath ratio;
• when working with a low bathing ratio, the textile material does not bathe at the bottom of the basket in a treatment liquid, which is also favorable in terms of the homogeneity of the treatment, in particular the dyeing;
• the possibility of increasing the drive capacity in the basket in J, therefore of reducing the bath ratio;
• the possibility of successfully treating fine or light warp and weft fabrics, in particular microfilaments, and without slipping of the threads relative to each other, which gives this device excellent versatility;
• the unfolding and prior spreading of the material, which as already said, improves the feel by the deflector;
• attenuates the heterogeneities between the edges and the center of the material;
• finally, avoids appearance defects known as "breaks" or "folds".

In this way, this device can be used successfully for the treatment of textile materials to be dyed in gut, in particular fragile and light fabrics, especially in microfilaments.

Claims (10)

1 / Device for the wet treatment of an endless textile material M by means of a treatment liquid, which comprises: - a tank (1) comprising an opening for loading (2) and unloading the textile material to be treated and a basket (3) in the form of a J in which the wet material is piled up and advances; - a closed circuit for supplying and recycling the treatment fluid comprising an outlet orifice (25) disposed at the bottom of the tank (1), a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a filtration assembly and a supply orifice ( 22) to the tank (1); - A jet (21) for impregnating and entraining the material M in movement by the treatment liquid itself; - A means for depositing the impregnated material in the branch (5) of the J forming the inlet of the basket (3); is characterized : - In that, between the outlet (6) of the basket (3) and the inlet of the jet (21), it also comprises a pneumatic means (11-16) intended to spread this material M beforehand; - And in that, after the outlet (31) of the jet (21), it comprises a deflector (35) intended to deflect the material M on the inlet (5) of the basket (3). 2 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic spreading means (11-16) acts against the direction of the direction of advance (I-I ') of the material M. 3 / Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that between the outlet (6) of the basket (3) and the inlet (14) of the pneumatic spreading means (11-16), it has a idler roller (40) for detour comprising a plurality of bars (41-43) arranged according to generators. 4 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pneumatic spreading means (11-16) consists of: - a tube (13) arranged upstream of the jet (21) and co-axial with the latter; - A distribution box (11) of the air surrounding the tube (13) connected to a fan (7) arranged in the tank (1) between the two branches (5,6) of the J-shaped basket (3); - two orifices (15,16) formed respectively on the top (16) and on the bottom (15) of the portion of tubing (13) disposed in the box (11), inclined relative to the longitudinal axis (I- I ') of the tube (13) by forming an acute angle with respect to the direction of advance of the material M, in order to direct the entire air jet against the direction of this direction of advance. 5 / Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the tube (13) has a rectangular shape and the air intake orifices (15,16) have a rectangular section, the largest side of which is equal to the largest side of the tubing (13). 6 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet (21) is formed of two horizontal co-axial pipes respectively internal (28) and external (29) forming between them a chamber (27) through which the liquid arrives treatment and forming at their ends an insterstice (30) through which flows the treatment liquid under pressure to drive the textile material M by friction, and in that this insterstice (30) is adjustable by horizontal translation of the internal tubing ( 28) relative to the external peripheral tubing (29) fixed. 7 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet (21) is connected at its outlet to a diffuser (33) flared with a rectangular section, and in that the diffuser (33) is connected to a deflector (35) formed of a convex sheet, the end (36) of which is arranged just above the outer edge (37) of the inlet (5) of the J-shaped basket (3). 8 / Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the deflector (35) is pierced with a multitude of holes which have a diameter between 1 and 2 cm, are regularly distributed and their total area represents from 30 to 65% of the surface of the deflector (35). 9 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic spreading means (11-16) acts in the same direction as that of the advance of the material M. 10 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic spreading means (11-16) is associated with a control member, which, on request, directs this pneumatic means either and / or simultaneously in one direction or in the other, in relation to the direction of the advancement of the material M.

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