EP0354086A1 - Apparatus for the wet treatment of textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for the wet treatment of textile materials, comprising a tank of substantially horizontal axes which rests directly on the ground and at least one end of which is equipped with a door for the entry and exit of a material carrier, on which the textile materials to be treated are loaded, with at least one appliance for setting in motion the treatment fluid circulating in a closed loop and, if appropriate, a heat exchanger interposed on the said loop and having a first connection piece opening into a wall of the tank to ensure the continuity of the circuit path in one direction, the circulation of the said fluid in the other direction taking place by means of at least one second connection piece connected to the said appliance. The material carrier (PM) is a box (50) equipped with means (56, 57) for connection to the appliance (36) for setting the treatment fluid in motion, with, for the treatment of hose pieces (PB) means (63; 71, 72 etc) for setting in motion and driving the said pieces and devices for adjusting (75, 76, etc) and for controlling (77, 78, etc) the said means for driving and setting in motion, the said box being equipped, as regards the treatment of ready-made articles, with stepped supporting members delimiting a plurality of superposed beds of ready-made articles through which treatment fluid circulates. The invention is used for the dyeing, bleaching, washing and/or finishing of hose pieces or ready-made articles. <IMAGE>

Description

The subject of the invention is a machine for wet processing textile articles, in particular in the form of casings or made-up articles.

It is known that wet treatment (dyeing and / or bleaching and / or washing and / or finishing, etc.) of textile casings, that is to say pieces of fabric or knitted fabric or of products analogous in strips of great length (several hundred meters) can be carried out by implementing various methods which differ from each other mainly by the fact that the articles to be treated are stationary and the treatment fluid circulated, or vice versa . These methods correspond to various types of treatment machines, some of which include a tube in which the tissue circulates, being entrained by overflowing the bath in a funnel entering the tube, a system known as "overflow", or under the action of the treatment fluid projected into a nozzle opening into the tube, -system called "jet". See for example FR-2 247 571 or FR-2 265 897 or also FR-A-1 598 576 which describes a process for dyeing fabrics using a transportable dyeing apparatus capable of being moved in a pressure container .

Whatever the machine used, it is always intended for the treatment of casings, and casings only, so that the installations of finishing of textile materials which, as is frequently the case, have to treat different products concurrently with casings, for example thread in spools, or wadding, or woven fabrics, or hanks must be equipped with different machines which, of course, are not used when the installation is processing , at a given moment, a type of product and not the others, which increases all the financial immobilization and, consequently, the economic costs of treatment.

It is the same with regard to the wet treatment of made-up textile articles which generally takes place in specific machines reserved for this sole use, as described for example in FR-2,531,111 in the name of the Applicant.

A first general problem therefore arises which is that of trying to increase the profitability of a wet processing installation of textile articles, in particular by reducing the type of machinery of the installation or, in other terms, by providing a versatile machine and thus capable of being used for wet treatment of textile articles differing from one another by their presentation but also by their nature. A second problem also arises in this regard, namely that of providing a machine allowing wet treatment of textile materials of different natures, for example natural fibers or synthetic fibers, or even synthetic fibers of different chemical compositions.

It is therefore a general object of the invention to provide a wet-processing machine for casings, which can also be used for the treatment of other textile products as varied as spool yarn, stuffing, skeins, fabric beams, etc ... and, also, made-up articles whether these are in warp and weft materials, or in mesh, etc ...

It is, again, an object of the invention to provide such a machine which allows wet processing under variable conditions of use, for example with or without pressure, as required for the treatment of certain fibers and not for d 'other.

It is also an object of the invention to provide such a wet treatment machine which, although suitable for pressure treatment, is however of relatively simple construction, of small footprint and, thus, easy to operate.

To solve the problems mentioned above on the one hand, and achieve the goals defined above on the other hand, the invention applies the work of the Applicant in the field of wet processing facilities for textile materials and, in particular, machines equipping an installation as described in its Application EP-A-0 276 616.

In this European Patent Application, a machine for wet processing textile materials arranged on material carriers comprises a substantially horizontal tank, at least one end of which is provided with an entry and exit door of at least one door -material on which the textile materials to be treated are loaded, with at least one apparatus for setting in motion a treatment fluid circulating in a closed loop through said materials by means of a pump, turbine or the like and, the if necessary, a heat exchanger interposed on said loop, with for each material holder a box base provided with at least one opening for connection to a first tube of the apparatus for setting in motion of the fluid which opens into a volume treatment to establish a first fluid circulation path in one direction, the circulation of said fluid in the other direction taking a second path which comprises at least s a second tube of said apparatus also opening into said volume. The latter is laterally limited by walls prevailing between the floor and the arch of the tank and said first tube and at least said second tube each open into said volume by one or more passage (s) formed in the vicinity of the floor of tank. This is generally rectangular in shape, with a quadrangular cross section, and is designed to be used as an autoclave, the treatment taking place under static pressure of compressed air or inert gas introduced by appropriate means.

According to the invention a machine for wet processing of textile materials comprising a tank with a substantially horizontal axis resting directly on the ground and at least one end of which is provided with an entry and exit door of a material holder on which are charged with the textile materials to be treated, with at least one apparatus for setting in motion the treatment fluid circulating in a closed loop and, if necessary, a heat exchanger interposed on said loop which has a first tube opening into a wall of the tank for establishing the continuity of the circuit path in one direction, the circulation of said fluid in the other direction being effected by means of at least one second tube connected to said apparatus, which opens in the vicinity of the first in said wall , is characterized in that the material holder is a box provided with means for connection to the apparatus for setting in motion the treatment fluid with for the treatment of casings, means for setting in motion and driving said pieces as well as devices for adjusting and controlling said means for driving and setting in motion, said box being provided in the case of processing articles made up of stepped support members delimiting a plurality of superimposed beds of made-up articles through which the treatment fluid circulates.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the tank is parallelepipedic and the box, of conjugate shape, is divided by longitudinal walls into a plurality of compartments or channels in each of which is disposed a roll for drawing a casing piece , a tube for circulation of the hose part and, on said tube, a jet drive device as well as a drive device with overflow or "overflow", said tube ending at its end distant from that of entrance to the casing piece by an outlet in inverted funnel.

Other features of the invention are set out in the claims.

• - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une machine selon l'invention ;
• - la figure 2 est une vue schématique de dessus d'une telle machine ;
• - la figure 3 en est une vue par bout ;
• - la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe longi­tudinale de la machine équipée pour le traitement de pièces-boyaux ;
• - la figure 5 est une vue schématique en section transversale de la machine illustrée sur la figure 4 ;
• - la figure 6 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 4, mais pour une machine de traitement d'articles confectionnés ;
• - la figure 7 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 5, mais pour une première forme de réalisation d'une machine selon la figure 6 ;
• - la figure 8 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 7, mais pour une autre forme de réalisation d'une machine de traitement d'articles confectionnés.

The invention will be better understood from the following description, given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing, in which:

• - Figure 1 is an elevational view of a machine according to the invention;
• - Figure 2 is a schematic top view of such a machine;
• - Figure 3 is an end view;
• - Figure 4 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the machine equipped for the treatment of casing parts;
• - Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the machine illustrated in Figure 4;
• - Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 4, but for a machine for processing made-up articles;
• - Figure 7 is a view similar to that of Figure 5, but for a first embodiment of a machine according to Figure 6;
• - Figure 8 is a view similar to that of Figure 7, but for another embodiment of a machine for processing made-up articles.

Reference is first made to Figures 1 to 3 which illustrate the general structure of a machine for wet processing of textile materials as used by the invention. It comprises a tank 10 with a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis and which rests directly by a base 20 on the floor S of a wet processing plant such as a dyeing plant or the like, unless this indication is, of course, of a limiting nature. is. The tank 10 is provided at one of its longitudinal ends with a door 11 fitted with portholes 17, front tagging of the type pivoting about a vertical axis ap and, at its other end, a front wall 12. As clearly visible in FIG. 3, the tank is advantageously parallelepipedic and limited by lateral vertical walls 13, 14, a floor 15 and a flat arch 16. Cross stiffeners and longitudinal reinforcements, not shown, are provided where appropriate. The tank 10 is associated with an apparatus 36 for setting in motion the treatment fluid in said tank, for example a dye bath, said apparatus comprising a pump or turbine 37 driven by a motor 37A and a suction pipe 38 or discharge as well as a discharge or suction pipe 39, respectively. On one and / or the other of said pipes, here the pipe 39, is provided a heat exchanger 40, the two pipes 38 and 39, in which the treatment fluid circulates in a closed loop circuit, being connected to the volume inside the tank 10 where the materials to be treated are housed. In the embodiment under consideration, the tubing 38 is in the form of pants from which two branches 41₁ and 41 sont originate which end in passages 42 and 43 formed in the front wall 12 of the tank 10 while the tubing 39 ends in a passage 44 also formed in said wall, in the form of a buttonhole, the largest dimension of which is directed perpendicular to the axis of said tank.

For the treatment of tubular parts PB, tank 10 is associated with a PM material carrier, FIGS. 4 and 5, constituted by a box 50 of generally parallelepipedal shape combined with that of the tank and which is thus limited externally by :
· Longitudinal walls 51 and 52 whose distance is very slightly less than that separating the walls 13 and 14 of the tank 10;
· A flat bottom 53 suitable for cooperating with rollers bearing r mounted on the bottom 15 of the tank 10 and which is pierced with an opening 54 with which is associated a valve 54 ′;
· A transverse wall 55, hereinafter designated as the front wall since it is close to the door 11 of the tank when the material carrier PM is introduced into the latter, and which is provided with perforations 85 in its lower part oblique to the bottom 53; and
· A bath distribution box, 56, which forms the "rear" end of the box 50 since said distribution box is close to the wall 12 in the operating condition of the installation. As shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4, the bath distribution box 56 has at its lower part means 57 for coupling to conjugate means 58 associated with the passage 44, so that the treatment fluid or liquid set in motion in the tubing 39 by the pump or turbine 37 can be introduced and / or extracted from the body 50 via the distribution box 56 and means 57 associated therewith.

In the embodiment described and shown in FIG. 5, the box 50 is divided longitudinally by partitions 60₁ and 60₂ delimiting compartments or channels 61₁, 61₂, 61₃ for treatment, each of a piece of casing PB₁, PB₂, PB₃ , respectively. In each of the channels or compartments 61, and in the vicinity of the front wall 55, is mounted on the same shaft 62 a take-up roller 63, suitable for being driven by a motor 64 external to the tank 10 by means of a clutch 65 cooperating with the shaft 62 and arranged partly outside and partly inside the tank 10.

In each of the compartments or channels 61 is also provided a tube 70 for relatively rapid circulation of the tubular part PB, the inlet of which is a device 72 to dragging of the bath by overflow, or "overflow" and on which is disposed a jet device 71, the outlet 73 of the tube 70 in the form of an inverted funnel delivering the tubular part PB in the volume V of the treatment bath where it moves more slowly than in the tube 70, forming more or less loose convolutions.

As shown in FIG. 4, means referenced schematically at 75 allow the adjustment of each jet device 71 while means referenced 76 allow the adjustment of the overflow devices 72, the control of the means 75 and 76 being carried out at outside of the tank by assemblies shown respectively at 77 and 78 and by means of control circuits 79 and 80 which pass through the wall of the tank 10 by means of cable glands 81 and 82, respectively.

The operation of a machine according to the invention for the treatment of hose parts results immediately from the above.

Initially, the box 50 is introduced into the tank 10, most simply by rolling it on the rollers or rollers r until the means 57 come into contact with the means 58 which, simultaneously, ensure the positioning of the shaft 62 opposite the clutch 65 on the one hand while the connections of the circuits 79 and 80 to the adjustment members 75 and 76 are made operational, as well as a control 54˝ of the valve 54 ′ after closing the door 11. The treatment fluid, for example water for loading the materials to be treated is then set in motion by the apparatus 36 to circulate in an endless loop established from the tubing 39, the passage 44, the distribution box 56, the tube 70, the volume V, the perforations 85 in the lower part of the anterior wall 55, the return of the bath to the apparatus 36 taking place through the space between the tank 10 and the body 50 and, from this space, through the passages 42 and 43 towards the branches 41₁ and 41₂ of the tubing 38.

Alternatively, and / or additionally, the return of the bath takes place through the opening 54 and the valve 54 ′ controlled from the outside of the tank 10 by the actuating member 54˝.

At the same time as the treatment fluid circulates, the tubular parts PB previously loaded by the portholes 17 in each channel 61 are driven at high speed in each tube 70 by means of the drive rollers 63, devices 72 and jet devices 71, the drive adjustments being carried out using devices 77 and 78 as well as by the speed of rotation of the motor 64.

A box 50 with a length of about two meters and divided into three channels 61 about forty centimeters wide each can be loaded in ten minutes and the treatment takes place with or without pressure depending on the materials of the parts- PB casings produced under the best conditions of efficiency.

For the treatment of ready-made articles, the tank 10, FIGS. 6 and 7 are associated with one or more PM ′ material carriers constituted by a box 50 ′ of generally parallelepipedal shape combined with that of the tank and which is limited by:
· Longitudinal walls 51 ′ and 52 ′, the distance of which is very slightly less than that separating the walls 13 and 14 of the tank;
· A bottom 53 ′ to which two raceways 53′a and 53′b are connected suitable for cooperating with the rollers r ; and
· An anterior transverse wall 55 ′ and a posterior transverse wall 55˝, the lower part of which comprises means 57 ′ for coupling to the means 58 associated with the passage 44.

In a first embodiment, Figure 7, the box 50 ′ is furnished with supports for the articles made up AC in the form of perforated plates 86₁, 86₂, ... etc or grids staggered horizontally up to a plate or grid 87 provided in the vicinity of the upper free edges of the box 50 ′ in which the made-up articles AC to be treated can be introduced, for example, by flaps or drawers, not shown, from the front face 55 ′.

In another embodiment, FIG. 8, the box 50˝ for the treatment of made-up articles AC comprises a bottom 53 ′ with raceways 53′a and 53′b as well as a longitudinal wall 51 ′ analogous to the parts corresponding to the body 50 ′ which has just been described. In this embodiment, however, to the wall 51 ′ are adjacent short partitions 88₁, 88₂, ... etc, which face, at a distance slightly less than that separating the walls 13 and 14 of the tank , partitions 89₁, 89₂, etc ..., the upper edge 90₁ of the partition 89₁ being connected to the lower edge 91₂ of the partition 88₂ by a solid sheet or floor 92 _1.2 , and likewise for the other partitions, so that the box 50 caisse is thus divided into trays 93₁, 93₂, etc ... in each of which the articles made up AC rest on a support 94₁, 94₂, etc ... 94₄ in the form of a perforated sheet, a grid, grating or the like. In this embodiment, also, the upper tray 93₄ is surmounted by a perforated plate, grid or mesh 95 and a solid sheet 96 disposed between the upper edge 90₄ of the partition 89₄ and the upper edge of the wall 51 ′ firm the 50˝ box in the upper part.

The operation of a machine according to the invention for the treatment of made-up articles results immediately from the description which has just been made.

After one or more crates 50 ′, 50˝ have been filled with made-up articles AC to be treated, said crate (s) is (are) introduced into the tank 10 by (or them) rolling on the rollers or rollers r until brought means 57 ′ in contact with the means 58. After closing the door 11 the treatment fluid, for example a dye bath, is then put in movement by the apparatus 36 to circulate in an endless loop established from the pipe 39, the passage 44, the lower box of the boxes 50 ′ and 50˝ and, in the first embodiment, the perforations of each of the stepped supports, while in the second embodiment, the full sheets like 92 separating the adjacent tanks 93 impose a sinuous path to the treatment bath which in both embodiments returns to the apparatus 36 by the space between the tank 10 and the body 50 ′ or 50˝ and, from this space, by the passages 42 and 43 towards the branches 41₁, 41₂, of the tubing 38.

Claims (7)

1. Machine for wet processing of textile materials comprising a tank with a substantially horizontal axis resting directly on the ground and at least one end of which is provided with an entry and exit door of a material holder on which are loaded the textile materials to be treated, with at least one apparatus for setting in motion the treatment fluid circulating in a closed loop and, where appropriate, a heat exchanger interposed on said loop which has a first tube opening into a wall of the tank for establishing the continuity of the circuit path in one direction, the circulation of said fluid in the other direction being effected by means of at least one second tube connected to said apparatus, which opens in the vicinity of the first in said wall, characterized in that the material holder (PM, PM ′) is a box (50, 50 ′, 50˝) provided with means (56, 57, 57 ′) for connection to the apparatus (36) for setting in motion the flow treatment uid with for the treatment of casings (PB) means (63; 71, 72 ...) for setting in motion and driving said parts as well as adjustment (75, 76 ...) and control (77, 78 ...) devices for said driving and setting means in movement, said box being provided in the case of the processing of made-up articles (AC) of stepped support members (86, 94) delimiting a plurality of superimposed beds of made-up articles through which the treatment fluid circulates. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (10) is parallelepipedic and in that the box (50), of conjugate shape, is divided by longitudinal walls (60) into a plurality of compartments or channels ( 61) in each of which is disposed a take-up roller (63) of a hose part (PB), a tube (70) for circulation of the hose part and, on said tube, a jet drive device (71) as well as an overflow or overflow drive device (72), said tube terminating at its end distant from that of the inlet of the hose part (PB) by an outlet in an inverted funnel (73). 3. Machine according to claim 2 comprising perforations (85), characterized in that said perforations are formed in the lower part of the front wall (55) of the box (50) is provided with perforations (85) at its lower part limiting the volume (V) of liquid into which each hose part (PB) to be treated is brought by said outlet device (73). 4. Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the treatment fluid is introduced into said box (50) through a distribution box (56) which limits said box to its rear part and which is provided with means coupling (57) to said first or second tubing of the apparatus (36) for setting in motion the treatment fluid. 5. Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, the bottom (53) of the box (50) by which it rests on members (r) allowing its introduction by rolling or sliding in the tank (10) is provided with an opening (54), characterized in that it comprises a valve (54 ′) capable of being controlled from the outside of the tank (10) by an operating member (54˝) for recirculating the fluid. 6. Machine according to claim 1, whose support members of said articles (AC) are formed by perforated plates (86, 94) arranged substantially parallel to each other, characterized in that said plates are parallel to the bottom of the box ( 50 ′, 50˝), which is also closed at its upper part by a perforated plate, a grid or the like (87, 95) for holding the upper bed of ready-made articles to be treated, which are advantageously placed in the box preferably by an anterior or posterior wall which is then provided pivoting shutters or a sliding drawer system. 7. Machine according to claim 1, in which each article bed (AC) rests on a perforated plate, grid or the like (94), each lower plate or grid (94) of a bed being also associated with a floor. solid (91), characterized in that the plurality of floors being arranged in such a way with respect to a longitudinal side wall (89) of the body (50˝) and to internal partitions (88) thereof that they divide said box into a plurality of superimposed tanks (93) through which the treatment fluid circulates by a sinuous path.

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