EP0611262A1 - Method and device for automatically stretching a tubular knitted product which is loaded onto a support form - Google Patents
Method and device for automatically stretching a tubular knitted product which is loaded onto a support form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0611262A1 EP0611262A1 EP94830039A EP94830039A EP0611262A1 EP 0611262 A1 EP0611262 A1 EP 0611262A1 EP 94830039 A EP94830039 A EP 94830039A EP 94830039 A EP94830039 A EP 94830039A EP 0611262 A1 EP0611262 A1 EP 0611262A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- clamp
- support
- manufactured product
- fabric
- cam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
- D06H3/00—Inspecting textile materials
- D06H3/16—Inspecting hosiery or other tubular fabric; Inspecting in combination with turning inside-out, classifying, or other handling
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C5/00—Shaping or stretching of tubular fabrics upon cores or internal frames
- D06C5/005—Shaping or stretching of tubular fabrics upon cores or internal frames of articles, e.g. stockings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for spreading a tubular knitted fabricated product, such as for example a stocking, threaded onto a support form.
- each stocking has a large number of folds which must be eliminated by hand by an operator, through an operation which, in the jargon, is called "pinching” : the bottom fabric is pinched between the tip of the thumb and the operator's index finger, in correspondence with the bottom part to be stretched, then the bottom thus retained is subjected to a transverse traction relative to the form of support and , finally, released. In this way, the bottom is stretched on the corresponding shape and consequently the folds disappear: this operation must be repeated when the bottom has a lot of folds. But, since this operation is performed manually, the presence of at least one operator expert is required for each work team, which increases the manufacturing cost of the finished product. Added to this is the fact that, in the event of a drop in attention on the part of the operator, the quality of the finished product is seriously compromised.
- the advantages obtained thanks to the present invention essentially consist in the fact that it is possible to effect the elastic extension of the knitted fabric of a tubular manufactured product and consequently the elimination of the folds which normally form during its threading on forms automatically, quickly and with extreme precision; in that it is possible to predetermine and effect the elastic elongation of the fabric of the manufactured product in relation to the material with which it is made; in that it is possible to increase the speed of production and therefore significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing tubular knitted products; in that it is possible to easily associate a device according to the invention with machines for processing already existing tubular knitted products; in that a device thus produced is simple, economical and reliable to manufacture even after a long period of operation.
- FIG. 1A schematically shows a side view of a device according to the invention, in the rest position;
- Fig. 1B shows the device of FIG. 1A in the advancement phase with opening of the clamp to grab a stocking;
- Fig. 1C shows the device of FIG. 1A in the gripping phase of a lateral portion of the bottom;
- Fig. 1D represents the device of FIG. 1A in the retraction stroke with bottom stretch;
- Fig. 1E shows the device of FIG.
- FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1A
- Fig. 2B shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1B
- Fig. 2C shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1 C
- Fig. 2D represents a plan view of the device of FIG. 1D
- Fig. 2E shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1E.
- a stop element (6) is interposed between the head of the clamp (1) and the corresponding control cylinder (2), so as to limit the operational return stroke of the clamp (1 ) and exert a push on the back of each jaw to generate a moment of opening of the clamp (1) and release of the bottom (4).
- an elastic blade (10) is mounted astride, longitudinally, on the two jaws of said clamp (1) so as to allow closing in the rest position.
- each axis (11) is in contact with the internal surface of the corresponding profile of the cam (3) and it is subjected to a thrust which produces a moment of closing of the clamp (1), in cooperation with the blade (10).
- the axes (11) are located outside and beyond the cam (3).
- each jaw of the clamp (1) receives a push from the element (6) so as to cause the opening of the clamp (1) and the loosening of the bottom (4).
- the bottom pull (4) thus produced has the effect of stretching the mesh of the fabric and eliminating the folds that existed.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif pour étendre un produit manufacturé tubulaire en tricot, comme par exemple un bas, enfilé sur une forme de support.The present invention relates to a method and a device for spreading a tubular knitted fabricated product, such as for example a stocking, threaded onto a support form.
Il est connu que les bas en sortie des machines qui les forment sont enfilés sur des formes appropriées afin qu'ils assument une configuration bien étendue et par conséquent appropriée pour permettre l'exécution d'opérations successives, comme par exemple la détection de la ligne de jarretière pour effectuer l'alignement précis de deux bas à unir pour former un collant.It is known that the stockings at the outlet of the machines which form them are threaded on appropriate shapes so that they assume a well extended configuration and therefore suitable for allowing the execution of successive operations, such as for example line detection. of garter to carry out the precise alignment of two stockings to join to form a pantyhose.
Il est également connu que, au terme de l'enfilage sur la forme, chaque bas présente un grand nombre de plis qui doivent être éliminés à la main par une opératrice, à travers une opération qui, dans le jargon, est appelée "pincement": le tissu du bas est pincé entre le bout du pouce et l'index de l'opératrice, en correspondance de la partie de bas à tendre, puis le bas ainsi retenu est soumis à une traction transversalement par rapport à la forme de support et, enfin, relâché. De cette manière, on provoque l'étirage du bas sur la forme correspondance et par conséquent la disparition des plis: cette opération devant être répétée lorsque le bas présente beaucoup de plis.
Mais, du fait que cette opération est exécutée manuellement, la présence d'au moins une opératrice experte est nécessaire pour chaque équipe de travail, ce qui entraîne l'augmentation du coût de fabrication du produit fini. A cela s'ajoute le fait que, dans le cas d'une baisse d'attention de la part de l'opératrice, la qualité du produit fini s'avère sérieusement compromise.It is also known that, at the end of the threading on the form, each stocking has a large number of folds which must be eliminated by hand by an operator, through an operation which, in the jargon, is called "pinching" : the bottom fabric is pinched between the tip of the thumb and the operator's index finger, in correspondence with the bottom part to be stretched, then the bottom thus retained is subjected to a transverse traction relative to the form of support and , finally, released. In this way, the bottom is stretched on the corresponding shape and consequently the folds disappear: this operation must be repeated when the bottom has a lot of folds.
But, since this operation is performed manually, the presence of at least one operator expert is required for each work team, which increases the manufacturing cost of the finished product. Added to this is the fact that, in the event of a drop in attention on the part of the operator, the quality of the finished product is seriously compromised.
Le but principal de la présente invention est d'éliminer les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.
Ce résultat a été atteint, conformément à l'invention, en adoptant un procédé qui prévoit de:
- (a) prendre et retenir une portion latérale limitée du tissu d'un produit manufacturé tubulaire en tricot enfilé sur une forme de support;
- (b) rétracter la portion de tissu ainsi maintenue, dans la direction transversale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la forme, sur une longueur suffisante pour permettre la traction élastique des mailles;
- (c) relâcher ladite portion de tissu ainsi rétractée pour permettre son retour élastique sur la forme de support correspondante, dans une configuration étendue.
This result was achieved, in accordance with the invention, by adopting a process which provides for:
- (a) taking and retaining a limited lateral portion of the fabric of a tubular knitted fabric product threaded on a support form;
- (b) retracting the portion of fabric thus held, in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the shape, over a length sufficient to allow elastic traction of the meshes;
- (c) releasing said portion of fabric thus retracted to allow its elastic return to the corresponding support form, in an extended configuration.
Et pour ce qui concerne le dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé, celui-ci comprend:
- des moyens à pince pour la préhension d'une portion latérale limitée d'un produit manufacturé tubulaire en tricot enfilé sur une forme de support correspondante, c'est-à-dire en correspondance d'un bord latéral de la forme;
- des moyens de support et de déplacement, à commande pneumatique, desdits moyens à pince entre une position rétractée de début de course et une position avancée de fin de course en correspondance de ladite forme de support et inversement, dans la direction transversale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la forme;
- des moyens à came pour activer la préhension et respectivement le relâchement du produit manufacturé de la part desdits moyens à pince.
- gripper means for gripping a limited lateral portion of a tubular knitted manufactured product threaded onto a corresponding support form, that is to say in correspondence with a lateral edge of the form;
- support and displacement means, pneumatic control, of said gripper means between a retracted start of travel position and an advanced end of travel position corresponding to said support form and vice versa, in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the form;
- cam means for activating the gripping and respectively the release of the manufactured product on the part of said gripper means.
Les avantages obtenus grâce à la présente invention consistent essentiellement en ce qu'il est possible d'effectuer l'extension élastique du tissu en tricot d'un produit manufacturé tubulaire et par conséquent l'élimination des plis qui se forment normalement durant son enfilage sur la forme de manière automatique, rapidement et avec une extrême précision; en ce qu'il est possible de prédéterminer et d'effectuer l'allongement élastique du tissu du produit manufacturé en relation avec la matière avec laquelle il est réalisé; en ce qu'il est possible d'augmenter la vitesse de production et par conséquent de réduire sensiblement le coût de fabrication des produits manufacturés tubulaires en tricot; en ce qu'il est possible d'associer facilement un dispositif suivant l'invention aux machines de traitement des produits manufacturés tubulaires en tricot déjà existantes; en ce qu'un dispositif ainsi réalisé est de fabrication simple, économique et fiable même après une longue période de fonctionnement.The advantages obtained thanks to the present invention essentially consist in the fact that it is possible to effect the elastic extension of the knitted fabric of a tubular manufactured product and consequently the elimination of the folds which normally form during its threading on forms automatically, quickly and with extreme precision; in that it is possible to predetermine and effect the elastic elongation of the fabric of the manufactured product in relation to the material with which it is made; in that it is possible to increase the speed of production and therefore significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing tubular knitted products; in that it is possible to easily associate a device according to the invention with machines for processing already existing tubular knitted products; in that a device thus produced is simple, economical and reliable to manufacture even after a long period of operation.
Ces avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ainsi que d'autres seront plus et mieux compris de chaque homme du métier à la lumière de la description qui va suivre et à l'aide des dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemplification pratique de l'invention, mais à ne pas considérer dans le sens limitatif; dessins sur lesquels: la Fig. 1A représente schématiquement une vue de côté d'un dispositif conformément à l'invention, dans la position de repos; la Fig. 1B représente le dispositif de la Fig. 1A dans la phase d'avancement avec ouverture de la pince pour saisir un bas; la Fig. 1C représente le dispositif de la Fig. 1A dans la phase de préhension d'une portion latérale du bas; la Fig. 1D représente le dispositif de la Fig. 1A dans la course de rétraction avec étirement du bas; la Fig. 1E représente le dispositif de la Fig. 1D en fin de course de la pince avec relâchement du bas; la Fig. 2A représente une vue en plan du dispositif de la Fig. 1A; la Fig. 2B représente une vue en plan du dispositif de la Fig. 1B; la Fig. 2C représente une vue en plan du dispositif de la Fig. 1C; la Fig. 2D représente une vue en plan du dispositif de la Fig. 1D; la Fig. 2E représente une vue en plan du dispositif de la Fig. 1E.These advantages and characteristics of the invention as well as others will be more and better understood by each person skilled in the art in the light of the description which follows and with the aid of the appended drawings given by way of practical example of the invention, but not to be considered in the limiting sense; drawings in which: FIG. 1A schematically shows a side view of a device according to the invention, in the rest position; Fig. 1B shows the device of FIG. 1A in the advancement phase with opening of the clamp to grab a stocking; Fig. 1C shows the device of FIG. 1A in the gripping phase of a lateral portion of the bottom; Fig. 1D represents the device of FIG. 1A in the retraction stroke with bottom stretch; Fig. 1E shows the device of FIG. 1D at the end of the gripper stroke with release of the bottom; Fig. 2A shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1A; Fig. 2B shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1B; Fig. 2C shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1 C; Fig. 2D represents a plan view of the device of FIG. 1D; Fig. 2E shows a plan view of the device of FIG. 1E.
Réduit à sa structure essentielle et en référence aux figures des dessins annexés, un procédé pour étendre en automatique un bas enfilé sur une forme de support conformément à l'invention, comprend, dans l'ordre, les phases suivantes:
- (a) saisir et retenir une portion latérale limitée du tissu d'un bas (4) enfilé sur une forme de support (5);
- (b) rétracter la portion de tissu ainsi maintenue, dans la direction transversale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (8) de la forme (5), sur une longueur suffisante pour permettre l'extension élastique des mailles;
- (c) relâcher ladite portion de tissu du bas (4) ainsi rétractée pour permettre son retour élastique sur la forme de support (5) correspondante, dans une configuration étendue.
- (a) grab and hold a limited side portion fabric from a stocking (4) threaded onto a support form (5);
- (b) retracting the portion of fabric thus held, in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis (8) of the form (5), over a length sufficient to allow the elastic extension of the meshes;
- (c) releasing said portion of bottom fabric (4) thus retracted to allow its elastic return to the corresponding support form (5), in an extended configuration.
Pour ce qui est du dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé, il comprend:
- une pince élastique (1) à bout plat normalement fermée qui est destinée à saisir une portion limitée du tissu du bas (4) précité en correspondance d'un bord latéral de la forme (5), la retenir et enfin la relâcher;
- un cylindre pneumatique (2) à axe horizontal, orthogonal à l'axe (8) de la forme (5) de support dudit bas (4) et avec la tige fixée à la base de ladite pince (1) pour permettre son déplacement de et vers la forme (5): le corps dudit cylindre (2) étant relié à un élément fixe (7) de support;
- une came (3) à double profil rectiligne avec développement symétriquement divergent vers la forme (5) pour commander l'activation, c'est-à-dire l'ouverture et respectivement la fermeture de ladite pince (1), en coopération avec deux axes (11), chacun desquels est logé fou dans une mâchoire correspondante de la pince (1), de manière à se trouver latéralement en saillie par rapport à celle-ci et à coopérer ainsi avec un profil correspondant de la came (3) durant le déplacement de la pince (1): ladite came (3) étant interposée entre le cylindre (2) de déplacement de la pince (1) et la forme (5) de support du bas (4).
- an elastic clamp (1) with a normally closed flat end which is intended to grip a limited portion of the aforementioned bottom fabric (4) in correspondence with a lateral edge of the shape (5), retain it and finally release it;
- a pneumatic cylinder (2) with a horizontal axis, orthogonal to the axis (8) of the form (5) for supporting said bottom (4) and with the rod fixed to the base of said clamp (1) to allow its displacement from and towards the form (5): the body of said cylinder (2) being connected to a fixed support element (7);
- a cam (3) with a double rectilinear profile with symmetrically divergent development towards the shape (5) for controlling the activation, that is to say the opening and respectively the closing of said clamp (1), in cooperation with two axes (11), each of which is housed idly in a corresponding jaw of the pliers (1), so to be laterally projecting from it and thus to cooperate with a corresponding profile of the cam (3) during the movement of the clamp (1): said cam (3) being interposed between the cylinder (2) of movement of the clamp (1) and the form (5) of the bottom support (4).
Avantageusement, conformément à l'invention, un élément (6) de butée est interposé entre la tête de la pince (1) et le cylindre de commande (2) correspondant, de manière à limiter la course opérationnelle de retour de la pince (1) et exercer une poussée sur le dos de chaque mâchoire pour engendrer un moment d'ouverture de la pince (1) et le relâchement du bas (4).Advantageously, in accordance with the invention, a stop element (6) is interposed between the head of the clamp (1) and the corresponding control cylinder (2), so as to limit the operational return stroke of the clamp (1 ) and exert a push on the back of each jaw to generate a moment of opening of the clamp (1) and release of the bottom (4).
Conformément à l'invention, avantageusement, une lame élastique (10) est montée à cheval, longitudinalement, sur les deux mâchoires de ladite pince (1) de manière à permettre la fermeture dans la position de repos.According to the invention, advantageously, an elastic blade (10) is mounted astride, longitudinally, on the two jaws of said clamp (1) so as to allow closing in the rest position.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif décrit est le suivant. Lorsque le cylindre (2) est activé, la pince (1) avance vers la forme (5) de support du bas (4). Durant cette course, chaque axe (1) glisse sur le profil correspondant de la came (3) en provoquant l'éloignement réciproque des mâchoires de la pince (1) et ainsi son ouverture. A la fin de la course en avant de la pince (1) vers la forme (5), les axes (11) ne se trouvent plus en contact avec la came (3), et de ce fait la pince (1) se ferme et saisit la portion de bas (4) qui se trouve entre ses deux mâchoires. Ensuite, la rétraction du cylindre (2) est commandée et, par conséquent, l'inversion de la course de la pince (1) avec le bas (4) qui a été saisi. Durant la course de retour de la pince (1) vers sa position initiale, chaque axe (11) se trouve en contact avec la surface interne du profil correspondant de la came (3) et il est soumis à une poussée qui produit un moment de fermeture de la pince (1), en coopération avec la lame (10). En fin de course, les axes (11) se trouvent à l'extérieur et au-delà de la came (3). De cette manière, chaque mâchoire de la pince (1) reçoit une poussée de la part de l'élément (6) de manière à provoquer l'ouverture de la pince (1) et le ralâchement du bas (4). La traction du bas (4) ainsi réalisée a comme effet d'étirer les mailles du tissu et d'éliminer les plis qui existaient.The operation of the device described is as follows. When the cylinder (2) is activated, the clamp (1) advances towards the bottom support form (5) (4). During this stroke, each axis (1) slides on the corresponding profile of the cam (3) causing the reciprocal separation of the jaws of the clamp (1) and thus its opening. At the end of the stroke in front of the clamp (1) towards the form (5), the pins (11) are no longer in contact with the cam (3), and therefore the clamp (1) is closes and grasps the bottom portion (4) which is between its two jaws. Then, the retraction of the cylinder (2) is controlled and, consequently, the reversal of the stroke of the clamp (1) with the bottom (4) which has been grasped. During the return stroke of the clamp (1) to its initial position, each axis (11) is in contact with the internal surface of the corresponding profile of the cam (3) and it is subjected to a thrust which produces a moment of closing of the clamp (1), in cooperation with the blade (10). At the end of the stroke, the axes (11) are located outside and beyond the cam (3). In this way, each jaw of the clamp (1) receives a push from the element (6) so as to cause the opening of the clamp (1) and the loosening of the bottom (4). The bottom pull (4) thus produced has the effect of stretching the mesh of the fabric and eliminating the folds that existed.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITFI930015 | 1993-02-09 | ||
IT93FI000015A IT1265836B1 (en) | 1993-02-09 | 1993-02-09 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY RELEASING A TUBULAR KNITTED ARTICLE INVESTED ON A FORM OF SUPPORT. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0611262A1 true EP0611262A1 (en) | 1994-08-17 |
EP0611262B1 EP0611262B1 (en) | 1996-01-03 |
Family
ID=11350305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94830039A Expired - Lifetime EP0611262B1 (en) | 1993-02-09 | 1994-02-03 | Method and device for automatically stretching a tubular knitted product which is loaded onto a support form |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5450990A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0611262B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2912151B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1099436A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2115018A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69400045T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2084532T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1265836B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2073760C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000018344A1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | Beiersdorf-Jobst, Inc. | Method and device for measuring donning properties of hosiery |
CN110016798B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-08-04 | 中复连众风电科技有限公司 | Self-walking electric cutting machine |
CN115354481B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江亿贝彩服饰有限公司 | Preparation process of polyester fiber fabric for trousers |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2140050A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-11-21 | Intech Corp | Collapsible hosiery form |
EP0136390A1 (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-04-10 | SOLIS S.r.l. | Apparatus for presenting the gore opening of panty hose without wrinkles to a gores sewing machine |
US4577571A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-03-25 | Carson Charles F | Apparatus for finishing waistband end portions |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1153834B (en) * | 1980-07-11 | 1987-01-21 | Piero Ambrogini | CONTROL AND IRONING EQUIPMENT FOR SHORTS MANUFACTURED |
JPS6112965A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1986-01-21 | 株式会社 タカトリ機械製作所 | Apparatus fur correcting position leading end of socks inserted in foot last |
DE3443432A1 (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-05-28 | Pex (Holdings) Ltd., Leicester | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CHAINING STOCKING MACHINES |
DE3525327A1 (en) * | 1985-07-16 | 1987-01-22 | Krempel August Soehne | DEVICE FOR SHAPING STOCKINGS OR TIGHTS |
DE59207611D1 (en) * | 1991-09-24 | 1997-01-16 | Wepamat Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for smoothing tubular stretchable material |
-
1993
- 1993-02-09 IT IT93FI000015A patent/IT1265836B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1994
- 1994-02-03 DE DE69400045T patent/DE69400045T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-03 EP EP94830039A patent/EP0611262B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-03 ES ES94830039T patent/ES2084532T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-04 CA CA002115018A patent/CA2115018A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-07 US US08/192,674 patent/US5450990A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-08 RU RU9494003389A patent/RU2073760C1/en active
- 1994-02-08 CN CN94102754A patent/CN1099436A/en active Pending
- 1994-02-09 JP JP6036547A patent/JP2912151B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2140050A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-11-21 | Intech Corp | Collapsible hosiery form |
EP0136390A1 (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-04-10 | SOLIS S.r.l. | Apparatus for presenting the gore opening of panty hose without wrinkles to a gores sewing machine |
US4577571A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-03-25 | Carson Charles F | Apparatus for finishing waistband end portions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0611262B1 (en) | 1996-01-03 |
CN1099436A (en) | 1995-03-01 |
CA2115018A1 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
DE69400045T2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
IT1265836B1 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
JP2912151B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
US5450990A (en) | 1995-09-19 |
RU2073760C1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
DE69400045D1 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
ES2084532T3 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
JPH06248566A (en) | 1994-09-06 |
ITFI930015A0 (en) | 1993-02-09 |
ITFI930015A1 (en) | 1994-08-09 |
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