EP0594633A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall. - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall.Info
- Publication number
- EP0594633A1 EP0594633A1 EP92910004A EP92910004A EP0594633A1 EP 0594633 A1 EP0594633 A1 EP 0594633A1 EP 92910004 A EP92910004 A EP 92910004A EP 92910004 A EP92910004 A EP 92910004A EP 0594633 A1 EP0594633 A1 EP 0594633A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- coolant
- cooling
- rotation
- metal film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
- B22D11/062—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires the metal being cast on the inside surface of the casting wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing strips and composite bodies made of metal according to the
- Examples of this are the gossip mold, where a drop of metal is suddenly formed into a film between two metal plates, the Schelzspinn process, where a metal jet is usually applied to the outer surface of a rapidly rotating roller, with the process of being continuously influenced by acceleration and through the heat removal from the roller serving as a quenching body forms a thin metal film and certain powder atomization processes, where a metal jet is broken up into small drops under the influence of an atomization medium, which can be a gas or a liquid, which solidify in flight and then powder metallurgy Compacting processes can be supplied.
- an atomization medium which can be a gas or a liquid, which solidify in flight and then powder metallurgy Compacting processes can be supplied.
- the theoretical foundations of fast solidification processes are e.g. B. in a publication by R.
- a melt that is usually overheated by 50 - 150 K above the liquidus temperature is usually atomized with the help of argon or nitrogen, similar to the case in powder production.
- argon or nitrogen similar to the case in powder production.
- a substantial part of the heat of overheating is taken from the drops by the atomizing gas, so that the drops - depending on their size - hit the substrate in a more or less liquid state and there - weld them with the previously deposited material.
- the method is fundamentally suitable for the production of flat products, but in particular for the production of rotationally symmetrical semi-finished products such as round bars and tubes, in which case the substrate performs a rotational movement with a lateral offset during the spraying process. Since the metal drops only hit with very little overheating, the substrate, ie the material previously deposited, must be at a sufficiently high temperature so that it is still homogeneously welded. However, if the temperature is too high, a liquid layer builds up on the substrate surface, which on the one hand slowly solidifies in a conventional manner and on the other hand is thrown off the substrate under the influence of centrifugal force.
- spray compacting has the advantage over classic powder metallurgy that all intermediate stages between powder atomization and powder compacting are eliminated - and thus possibilities for contamination of the powder surface are reduced - however, as with normal powder metallurgy, an enormous surface is still formed and with highly reactive materials or with even slight contamination of the gas atmosphere in the spray chamber, this can lead to damage to the material despite the short reaction times.
- a major disadvantage of spray compacting is the fact that cooling during flight takes place down to the range of the liquidus temperature, e.g. B. takes place relatively quickly with a few thousand Kelvin per second, but then on the substrate, where the critical area between liquidus and solidus temperature is passed, the cooling rate is only in the order of a few Kelvin per second.
- this enables the phenomena known from classic solidification, such as segregation and the formation of cavities and precipitates, but also a coarsening of the original cast morphology.
- a disadvantage of the method is the fact that, as in all conventional solidification processes, the heat is removed via the layers which have already solidified beforehand, with the result that the heat transport is reduced with increasing thickness of the substrate, which leads to non-stationary
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for producing metal strips by rapid solidification from the melt, these strips also being able to be welded to thick-walled rotationally symmetrical composite bodies using the residual heat, and a device suitable for carrying out the method.
- an overheated molten metal in the form of a more or less closed jet is preferably applied to the inner surface of a rotating and essentially rotationally symmetrical mold cavity, similar to centrifugal casting.
- the heat removal in the present method takes place mainly by heat transfer into a liquid cooling medium, which at one point is approximately at the same rotation level, but offset by a certain angle of rotation compared to the location of the metal application is sprayed onto the metal film just deposited and forms a coolant film there.
- Both films are created on the one hand under the effect of mechanical accelerations at the locations where they are applied, the heat transfer conditions in the metal layer formed in the course of the last revolution and between the films, and in particular depending on the temperatures of the surfaces involved in the mass transfer and the physical properties of the phases involved, such as thermal conductivity, density, solidification range, supercooling conditions, etc.
- a second area is reached where the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs: at the phase boundary, partial evaporation of the coolant leads to the formation of a vapor film, which prevents direct contact of the metal phase with the liquid coolant.
- the heat transfer can therefore decrease by powers of ten.
- a third area which is decisive in the sense of the present invention, is reached when the liquid cooling phase has a large temperature gradient on the one hand and a high relative speed compared to the hot surface to be cooled. Due to the associated turbulent conditions at the phase boundary of the coolant against the surface to be cooled, no vapor film can form, so the full
- Cooling capacity is guaranteed directly in the coolant. Such conditions prevail with
- Liquid gas atomization process where a melt is atomized into small powder particles by a rapidly moving jet of cryogenic liquefied gas. Practical tests have shown that heat transfer coefficients occur in this process, which can significantly exceed those of the melt spinning process.
- the process according to the invention has two main ones Differences: on the one hand, part of the heat of the freshly applied metal film is transferred to an underlying solid metal layer, but this metal is the cast body formed in the course of the last revolution, on the other hand, a substantial part of the heat is transferred directly to the liquid Coolant released.
- both films, ie metal and coolant are pressed under the effect of centrifugal acceleration onto the respective layer below, which leads to an improvement in the heat transfer, can be assessed as an additional, but not essential, process feature.
- the method according to the invention also clearly distinguishes itself from conventional centrifugal casting by the fact that the solidification of the melt applied in the course of one revolution takes place essentially during this revolution.
- the amount of metal supplied is chosen to be lower in relation to the rotational speed, for example as is the case with melt spinning, then at peripheral speeds z. B. in the range of 50 - 100 m / sec tapes with a thickness of the order of 0.05 mm. If the coolant is applied shortly after the metal film has been produced and the cooling effect is maintained for a longer period during the further rotation, a substantial part of the heat of the freshly applied metal layer reaches the liquid cooling medium, which absorbs this heat with evaporation.
- the inventive method not a band, but a thicker, substantially rotationally symmetrical body z. B. are produced in the form of a ring, then basically the procedure described above can be used, but a smaller amount of the coolant is used in relation to the amount of metal, the amount of metal and rotary movement are preferably matched to one another so that the applied metal film is usually a Thickness above 0.2 mm. With this mode of operation, it is also advantageous if the time at which the coolant is applied is delayed compared to the example above.
- the cooling effect starts later, so that the freshly applied film has more time to weld with the last layer applied, on the other hand, the reduced amount of coolant in relation to the amount of metal ensures that the cooling effect suddenly stops after the coolant has completely evaporated, so that a higher residual heat remains in the welded film, which favors a successful welding in the next film application.
- Fig. 1 shows the basic sequence of the inventive method using a first shown in cross section
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in cross section
- FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in cross section
- FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in cross section
- FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in cross section
- Fig. 9 shows a sixth embodiment of an apparatus for performing the inventive method in Longitudinal section
- FIG. 10a shows a first special embodiment of the method according to the invention using a corresponding device in a perspective view
- 11a shows a second special embodiment of the method according to the invention using a corresponding device in a perspective view
- 11b shows the embodiment of the method according to
- a cylindrical molded body 1 rotates in the direction of an arrow 2 about an axis of rotation, the rotary movement taking place within rollers 4 mounted on axes 3, two of which are shown as representatives. At least one of these roles must be designed as a drive role.
- the axis of rotation is arranged horizontally, however, a vertical arrangement is also easily possible in the sense of the invention, since the acceleration due to gravity has only a slight influence compared to the acceleration due to rotation.
- a jet 6 of overheated melt strikes the inner surface of the outermost metal layer 7 formed in the course of the last revolution, a liquid metal film 8 being formed.
- the jet 6 originates from the melt 10 located in a container 9, wherein the container 9 can either be a melting or holding furnace or just an unheated intermediate container for receiving the overheated melt.
- An outlet opening for the melt in the form of a pouring nozzle 11 can be designed analogously to the conditions during melt spinning, both in terms of its shape and in terms of its arrangement relative to the casting point 5, in such a way that optimal hydrodynamic conditions arise for the film formation.
- the pouring nozzle 11 can be a circular or a different from the circular shape, for. B. have a rectangular cross-section. It is also entirely possible, as is known in the melt spinning process, to connect a plurality of casting nozzles 11 in parallel in order to produce wider band or ring structures.
- a certain pressure can be applied to the melt 10 in the container 9, so that it emerges from the pouring nozzle 11 at a desired speed or quantity per unit of time, it being possible at the same time to protect the melt from contact with the outside atmosphere.
- the jet 6, as shown, can be directed essentially closed against the casting point 5, as in melt spinning, or, similarly to spray compacting, can be dissolved in drops by a stream of a fluid, preferably gaseous medium.
- a fluid preferably gaseous medium.
- the splitting of the jet 6 is not used for rapid cooling below the solidification temperature, the drops should remain liquid.
- Coolant e.g. B. liquid nitrogen, is applied from cooling nozzles 12a, b at points 13a, b to the metal film 8, each forming a coolant film 14 thereon, which is completely evaporated at a point 15. In many cases, one is sufficient
- Cooling nozzle As in the case of molten metal, the coolant can also be applied from a plurality of nozzles arranged next to one another if a wider metal film 8 is desired.
- the device parts required for this would have to be congruent in FIG. 1 lined up behind the parts shown. They would perform analog functions like this.
- the metal film 8 is completely solidified at a point 16 in the present example. In most cases, the point 16 is in the direction of rotation in front of the cooling point 13, so that the liquid coolant only comes into contact with the completely solidified metal film 8.
- the cylindrical molded body 1 has a groove-like depression on its inner wall, which is laterally delimited by a side wall 17a firmly connected to the inner wall and a removable side wall 17b.
- the melt 10 is applied from the pouring nozzle 11 in the form of a jet 6 at the pouring point 5 to form the metal film 8 on the innermost metal layer 7 of the metal layers already formed in the course of the previous revolutions.
- 3a-c show three typical phases in a first variant of the method according to the invention, the production of a rapidly solidifying strip in a diagram which shows the radial temperature profile over several layers.
- Curve piece 20 slightly increased, but the heat in the liquid residual zone 8a is not sufficient to bring about a welding with the adjacent innermost metal layer 7.
- 4a-c show three phases in a second variant of the method according to the invention, the production of a composite body continuously welded from strips, in the form of a cast layered composite material.
- an overheated metal film 8 is applied with the temperature T- corresponding to the curve piece 18 of the temperature curve. Since the innermost metal layer 7 has not yet been welded, there is a sharp drop in temperature corresponding to curve piece 19 to the temperature of the last layer corresponding to curve piece 20. The course of the temperature curve 20, which decreases on both sides, results from the fact that in this area the Heat center of solidification in the course of the last revolution. The heat now flows from both sides into the depression between curve pieces 19 and 20, so that the surface of the innermost metal layer 7 heats up rapidly.
- 4b shows the moment immediately before the welding.
- the temperature of the last solidified innermost metal layer 7 now almost corresponds to the melting point, that of the liquid metal film 8 is still above the liquidus temperature T 2 .
- 4c shows a point in time some time after the welding, precisely at the start of the application of the liquid coolant film 14.
- An edge area of the innermost metal layer 7, which was melted again briefly because it has now solidified just like the newly applied metal film 8, is no longer visible is.
- the solidified edge zone 8 finally merges into the innermost metal layer 7, which manifests itself in the continuous course of the curve branch 20 of the temperature curve.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention, which has devices for applying two melts 10a and 10b in series in the course of one revolution as metal films 8a and 8b, which are then explained in connection with FIGS. 4a-c, which are welded together by corresponding means Metering of the coolant at the cooling point 13 is effected. A further coolant film with a more intensive cooling effect is applied behind the casting point 5b. Because of this intensive cooling effect, only the two metal layers 7a and 7b are welded, but not to the metal layer 7c underneath. If the composition of the two metal layers 7a and 7b is identical, a thicker strip is produced in this way at a high cooling rate. If the composition of these layers is different, a bimetallic strip is obtained. Of course, more than two liquid metal films can also be applied in succession, so that instead of a bimetal, strips of more complex structure are created.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for the production of thin, rapidly solidified strips.
- Melt spinning is the distance 22 between the • Keep pouring point 5 and the outlet opening of pouring nozzle 11 as constant as possible. Since, in contrast to the melt spinning processes, the innermost metal layer 7 produced in the course of the last revolution is used as the substrate, there is an ongoing shift in the
- the constant distance 22 is maintained in the present example in that a spacer roller 23 rolls on the last innermost metal layer 7, which shifts the container 9 with the metal melt 10 via a holding device 24, so that the pouring nozzle 11 follows the movement of the winding structure.
- a control circuit ensuring that the position of the pouring nozzle 11 is tracked, for example, via an electromechanical actuator.
- Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of an inventive
- the casting point 5 is designed as a metal bath 25, the volume of this metal bath being defined by the side walls 17a, 17b of the rotating cylindrical molded body 1 (FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention with a similar objective as is the case with that according to FIG. 7.
- the supply of the jet 6 of the molten metal also takes place in a bath 25, the lateral limitation in the direction of rotation, however, in this case being formed by an accumulation roller 28 which, in the same way as the accumulation wall 27 described in FIG. 7, has a casting gap with the forms innermost metal layer 7 formed during the last revolution.
- the cooling liquid is supplied via a cooling nozzle 12, the distribution of the cooling liquid, similar to the case for the metal melt in the present example, being effected by a roller 29.
- An arrangement (not shown in FIG. 7) is also conceivable, in which the cooling liquid is fed in behind the roller 29 in the direction of rotation. In such a case, the roller serves 29 on the one hand to roll the partially or fully solidified metal film 8 into the plane and also prevents liquid or gaseous coolant from flowing back into the area of the still liquid metal film 8.
- FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is used specifically for producing complex-shaped, essentially rotationally symmetrical parts.
- the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are fastened to a common holding device 30 and can be moved in the direction of an arrow 31 inside the rotating molded body 1.
- the cooling point 13 is offset in the direction of rotation by half a turn in relation to the casting point 5 in the interest of clarity of the illustration.
- the molded body 1 apart from two end side walls 17a, b, the molded body 1 has a shaping inner wall 32 which must be made of a material which can withstand the attack of the melt thermally and mechanically. Since the main part of the heat is drawn in via the evaporating coolant, the inner wall 32 can consist of a ceramic material with low thermal conductivity, at least in an area adjacent to the surface. In such a case, the rotating molded body 1 then consists approximately of an outer wall, which consists of a material which can absorb the mechanical forces occurring during the rotation process, e.g. B. metal, as well as from an inner part, which can endure thermal loads. It can. the inner part can be a disposable part that is replaced after each casting process. This has the advantage that geometries with undercuts can also be cast without a dividing line, since the ceramic molding material can be removed from the molding 1 together with the essentially cylindrically symmetrical casting after the casting process.
- an essentially rotationally symmetrical composite body then proceeds as follows: the molten metal applied at the casting point 5 forms a film 8 which, in the course of the further rotation, welds to the metal already deposited and at least partially solidifies.
- the liquid coolant for. As liquid nitrogen, applied, the amount being selected so that after complete evaporation of the coolant in the newly applied metal film 8, residual heat remains which allows welding with newly deposited material in the course of the following rotations.
- the holding device 30 can be moved along the axis of rotation, in the direction of the arrow 31, at a specific feed speed, but a back and forth movement is also possible which is matched to the amount of the deposited metal and in which the inner surface of the composite body is built up in a controlled manner .
- a device can be used to build a pipe. Both in this case, as in all of the examples described, it is readily possible to use other materials, e.g. B. ceramic or metallic phases in the form of powders or fibers or the like.
- FIGS. 10a and 10c schematically demonstrating two characteristic situations from the course of the production process.
- the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are fastened to a common holding device 30 as in FIG. 9, the pouring point 5 and the cooling point 13 being offset from one another by a certain angle of rotation. Said points do not necessarily have to be arranged in the same plane of rotation, but can be shifted relative to one another in the direction of the axis of rotation.
- the holding device 30 and with it the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 executes an oscillating movement in the axial direction according to the double arrow 34a relative to the rotating molded body 1.
- the tube 33 is pulled off in the direction of arrow 35.
- FIG. 10c shows a point in time after the processes in FIG. 10b.
- the holding device 30 has made a movement to the right in accordance with arrow 34d and is located shortly before the point of reversal.
- the tube 33 has carried out a rotary movement, as indicated in FIG. 10a.
- the pouring point 5 is accordingly further to the right within the rotating molded body 1, and the cooling point 13 has also moved to the right, the cooling nozzle 12 being placed in the image plane in the interest of simplicity of illustration, like the pouring nozzle 11, although it is actually at a certain angle of rotation is offset in the direction of rotation.
- the pull-out rollers 37 are movable in the direction of the axis of rotation and, at the moment the tube 33 loses contact with the rotating molded body 1, perform a brief movement in the direction of arrow 34b, the tube 33 executing a distance which is of the order of magnitude of the oscillation amplitude the cylindrical Shaped body 1 is pulled out.
- a new metal film 8 has been built up on the end face of the tube according to FIG.
- the pull-out rollers 37 can be lifted briefly from the tube 33 and shifted to the left by the same amount, where they are then brought back into contact with the tube 33.
- a cutting device not shown, pieces of the desired length have to be cut off from the endless tube at certain time intervals, similarly to the case with classic continuous casting.
- FIG. Ha shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention which is suitable for producing an endless tube.
- the tube 33 in the last example assumed the rotational speed of the rotating molded body 1
- the solidified tube 33 does not perform any rotational movement.
- the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are arranged so as to be movable in the direction of the axis of rotation of the molded body 1 by means of a common holding device 30, the cooling point 13 being offset by a certain angle in the direction of rotation and also in the withdrawal direction corresponding to arrow 35 can be shifted by a certain amount relative to the casting point 5.
- the roller 4 represents all the rollers that keep the rotating molded body 1 in motion
- the two pull-out rollers 37 represent a larger number of
- FIG. 11b shows the process shown in FIG. 11a in principle in a schematic section.
- the rotating molded body 1 has a side wall 17 which is preferably made of a heat-insulating material and which prevents the melt from flowing away, which forms a - liquid metal film 8, to the left. Since the rotating molded body 1, which preferably consists of a metallic mold material, is cooled from the outside, a partially solidified zone 7a is formed, in which, however, the dendrites have not yet been crosslinked, so that it still has the properties of a thixotropic liquid . At the same time, a cooling liquid is applied to the cooling nozzle 12 *
- the transition between the partially solidified zones 7a and 7b should not be thought of as a sharp transition, as shown in FIG. 11b for the sake of simplicity, but rather as a gradual transition from a partially fluid and still easily deformable zone to a partially rigid and essentially rigid Imagine zone.
- the ceramic intermediate layers are stored.
- the ceramic intermediate layers then correspond to the former surfaces of the liquid metal film 8, which could partially react with oxygen to form an oxide layer before the application of a further layer.
- the method according to the invention is to be explained using two concrete examples, in one case the production of a steel strip and in the other the production of an annular composite body made of steel.
- a device was used which in principle corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the rotating molded body 1 was a steel cylinder with an internal diameter of 600 mm, the width of the casting groove delimited laterally by the side walls 17a, b being 5 mm.
- a stainless chromium-nickel steel was used as the test melt.
- the rocking furnace consisted of a melt container rotatable about a horizontal axis in the form of a cylindrical barrel made of high-temperature-resistant magnesite, which contained two graphite electrodes which could be displaced relative to one another on the two end faces i of the axis of rotation to form an arc.
- the steel alloy in the form of 15 mm rod material was introduced through an opening in the barrel, which was directed upwards during the melting process.
- the upward loading opening of the furnace normally also serves to fasten the pouring funnel of the upward and preheated ceramic mold at the moment of pouring. In the present case, instead of a preheated mold, a preheated ⁇ .
- Rocking furnace was installed in the interior of the rotating molded body 1, the rotating plane of the rocking furnace being identical to the rotating plane of the molded body and the pouring nozzle 11 of the furnace rotating the same exactly 180 ° into the center of the casting groove, at the same distance between the side walls 17a and 17b swung in.
- the cylindrical shaped body 1 was brought up to a speed of 1200 rpm.
- the cooling nozzle 12 which was offset by 100 ° relative to the casting point 5
- the rocking oven was then turned upside down, with which the casting process started and immediately thereafter — about 0.5 seconds later, the cooling nozzle 12 was pivoted into the rotating plane of the molded body 1, so that the cooling liquid got into the casting groove.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT92910004T ATE145352T1 (de) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1992/000096 WO1993023187A1 (de) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0594633A1 true EP0594633A1 (de) | 1994-05-04 |
EP0594633B1 EP0594633B1 (de) | 1996-11-20 |
Family
ID=4548104
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP92910004A Expired - Lifetime EP0594633B1 (de) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5573056A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0594633B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07500053A (de) |
AU (1) | AU667036B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9206285A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ7994A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59207549D1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK5694A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993023187A1 (de) |
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US5957366A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-09-28 | Ameron International Corporation | Helically formed welded pipe and diameter control |
AU2005335007B2 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2011-11-03 | Zhuwen Ming | L, R, C method and equipment for continuous casting amorphous, ultracrystallite and crystallite metallic slab or strip |
EP2135694A4 (de) * | 2007-03-15 | 2010-08-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Hohlglied, zylinderhülse und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
DE102010025815A1 (de) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-01-05 | Daimler Ag | Verbundbremsscheibe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP5638576B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-12-10 | ミン、チュウエン | 非晶質、超微結晶質、及び微結晶質金属スラブまたは他形状金属の鋳造のための連続成形システム |
CN111607778B (zh) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-11-03 | 北京载诚科技有限公司 | 一种镀膜用冷却设备、镀膜设备、方法及卷对卷薄膜 |
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JPS5677051A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1981-06-25 | Noboru Tsuya | Production of amorphous metal thin strip |
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US5299628A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1994-04-05 | Olin Corporation | Method and apparatus for the casting of molten metal |
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1992
- 1992-05-18 DE DE59207549T patent/DE59207549D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-18 JP JP4509482A patent/JPH07500053A/ja active Pending
- 1992-05-18 US US08/182,019 patent/US5573056A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-18 CZ CS9479A patent/CZ7994A3/cs unknown
- 1992-05-18 SK SK56-94A patent/SK5694A3/sk unknown
- 1992-05-18 EP EP92910004A patent/EP0594633B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-18 BR BR9206285A patent/BR9206285A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1992-05-18 WO PCT/CH1992/000096 patent/WO1993023187A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-05-18 AU AU17434/92A patent/AU667036B2/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9323187A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU667036B2 (en) | 1996-03-07 |
AU1743492A (en) | 1993-12-13 |
EP0594633B1 (de) | 1996-11-20 |
WO1993023187A1 (de) | 1993-11-25 |
BR9206285A (pt) | 1995-11-07 |
DE59207549D1 (de) | 1997-01-02 |
US5573056A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
CZ7994A3 (en) | 1994-08-17 |
SK5694A3 (en) | 1994-11-09 |
JPH07500053A (ja) | 1995-01-05 |
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