EP0578696B1 - Verfahren zum laserumschmelzen metallischer oberflächen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum laserumschmelzen metallischer oberflächen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0578696B1
EP0578696B1 EP92907656A EP92907656A EP0578696B1 EP 0578696 B1 EP0578696 B1 EP 0578696B1 EP 92907656 A EP92907656 A EP 92907656A EP 92907656 A EP92907656 A EP 92907656A EP 0578696 B1 EP0578696 B1 EP 0578696B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
remelting
laser
laser beam
rectangle
camshaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92907656A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0578696A1 (de
Inventor
Barry Leslie Prof. Dr. Mordike
Lasers Mli (1992) Ltd.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MLI LASERS (1992) Ltd
MORDIKE, BARRY LESLIE, PROF. DR.
Original Assignee
Mordike Barry Leslie Prof Dr
MLI LASERS (1992) Ltd
MLI Lasers
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mordike Barry Leslie Prof Dr, MLI LASERS (1992) Ltd, MLI Lasers filed Critical Mordike Barry Leslie Prof Dr
Publication of EP0578696A1 publication Critical patent/EP0578696A1/de
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Publication of EP0578696B1 publication Critical patent/EP0578696B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for laser remelting according to the preamble of claim 1. It is about increasing the wear resistance of metallic surfaces. This is of particular importance in the case of camshafts which are used for valve control in internal combustion engines.
  • the individual cams arranged on the camshaft cause an adjustment of corresponding tappets, rocking levers or the like due to their rotary movement.
  • the wear resistance of the cam running surfaces is usually increased by remelting.
  • TIG process tungsten inert gas process
  • a disadvantage of this method is in particular the relatively high expenditure of time and the associated long cycle times.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a particularly economical method for laser remelting.
  • the object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. It has been shown that, given a certain parameter setting, it is possible to remelt the entire surface width in one operation without causing undesirable phenomena in the area edge areas. Accordingly, in the method according to the invention, the length of the laser beam rectangle is set approximately as wide as the width of the workpiece surface, with a rectangle width of approximately 1 to 3 mm.
  • the laser beam has a power density of 5 x 104 to 1 x 105 W / cm2 directly above the metallic surface.
  • the metallic surface moves relatively and approximately transversely to the laser beam at a speed of 2 to 6.5 cm / sec, preferably 4 to 4.5 cm / sec. With the method according to the invention, wear-resistant surfaces in particular can be achieved economically, that is to say with a relatively short machining time.
  • the workpiece having the metallic surface, in particular the camshaft is advantageously preheated to 360 to 420 ° C., preferably to about 400 ° C., before the laser remelting.
  • the remelting time is thereby further reduced and the overall wear resistance is improved after the process has ended.
  • the quality of the surface edge areas corresponds strongly to the remelting depth. Remelting the surface to a depth of 350 ⁇ m is particularly advantageous. A tolerance of preferably 200 .mu.m for a grinding of the surface which may have to be carried out after remelting is added to the stated dimension.
  • FIG. 1 shows one of several cams 11 arranged on a camshaft 10.
  • the running surface of the cam is designated by the number 12.
  • a laser beam is focused via an optic (not shown) into a rectangle 13 directed towards the tread 12.
  • the latter is only hatched for better understanding.
  • the camshaft 10 is rotated. Due to the non-circular shape of the cam 11, the distance between the optics and the camshaft 10 is adjustable, so that there is a constant or adjustable distance to the tread 12. In this way there is an adjustable power density in the area of the rectangle 13 and the cam 11 passing underneath guaranteed from about 5 x 104 to 1 x 105 W / cm2.
  • the length of the rectangle 13 corresponds to the width of the tread 12.
  • the width of the rectangle 13 is approximately 1 to 3 mm.
  • the camshaft 10 rotates for remelting at a certain speed, so that a speed of 2 to 6.5 cm / sec, preferably 4 to 4.5 cm / sec, relative to the rectangle 13 of the laser beam results on the tread 12.
  • the speed of the metallic surface relative to the laser beam is in the range specified above, but the camshaft 10 does not rotate uniformly, but rather in sections at different angular speeds depending on the cam shape.
  • the non-circular shape of the cam 11 results in poorer heat dissipation in the area of the cam tip 14 and the adjacent tread areas, because here the surfaces to be remelted lie closer together than, for example, at the blunt end 15 Camshaft rotation speed required.
  • the camshaft 10 Before the actual remelting process, the camshaft 10 is preheated to approximately 400 ° C. After remelting, a specially controlled cooling process is not necessary. A deterrent effect results solely from the heat dissipation from the tread 12 in the direction of the camshaft 10.
  • treads 12 are ground after the remelting, this must be taken into account when setting the remelting depth via the rotational speed of the camshaft 10 and possibly the power density of the laser beam. If a maximum of 200 ⁇ m is ground, a remelting depth of 550 ⁇ m must be set.
  • the camshaft 10 is made of cast iron.
  • the above parameters apply in particular to cast iron with the designations GG 25 to GG 30.
EP92907656A 1991-04-12 1992-04-07 Verfahren zum laserumschmelzen metallischer oberflächen Expired - Lifetime EP0578696B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4111989 1991-04-12
DE4111989 1991-04-12
PCT/DE1992/000295 WO1992018653A1 (de) 1991-04-12 1992-04-07 Verfahren zum laserumschmelzen metallischer oberflächen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0578696A1 EP0578696A1 (de) 1994-01-19
EP0578696B1 true EP0578696B1 (de) 1995-09-06

Family

ID=6429466

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92907656A Expired - Lifetime EP0578696B1 (de) 1991-04-12 1992-04-07 Verfahren zum laserumschmelzen metallischer oberflächen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5446258A (ja)
EP (1) EP0578696B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH07500632A (ja)
AU (1) AU1537392A (ja)
ES (1) ES2083164T3 (ja)
RU (1) RU2074265C1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1992018653A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4241527A1 (de) * 1992-12-10 1994-06-16 Opel Adam Ag Verfahren zum Aufhärten und ggf. Glätten von Maschinenbauteilen sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellten Maschinenbauteilen
DE19514285C1 (de) * 1995-04-24 1996-06-20 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken mit Laserdiodenstrahlung
WO1997026388A2 (en) * 1996-01-15 1997-07-24 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Laser induced surfaces
US6350326B1 (en) 1996-01-15 2002-02-26 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for practicing a feedback controlled laser induced surface modification
US5906053A (en) * 1997-03-14 1999-05-25 Fisher Barton, Inc. Rotary cutting blade having a laser hardened cutting edge and a method for making the same with a laser
US6294225B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2001-09-25 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for improving the wear and corrosion resistance of material transport trailer surfaces
US6299707B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2001-10-09 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for increasing the wear resistance in an aluminum cylinder bore
US6173886B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2001-01-16 The University Of Tennessee Research Corportion Method for joining dissimilar metals or alloys
US6497985B2 (en) 1999-06-09 2002-12-24 University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for marking steel and aluminum alloys
US6423162B1 (en) 1999-07-02 2002-07-23 The University Of Tennesse Research Corporation Method for producing decorative appearing bumper surfaces
US6284067B1 (en) 1999-07-02 2001-09-04 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for producing alloyed bands or strips on pistons for internal combustion engines
US6229111B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2001-05-08 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for laser/plasma surface alloying
US6328026B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2001-12-11 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Method for increasing wear resistance in an engine cylinder bore and improved automotive engine
JPWO2002071036A1 (ja) * 2001-03-06 2004-07-02 日本精工株式会社 金属中介在物構成元素の発光スペクトル強度による金属中介在物の粒径測定方法、及び金属中介在物の粒径分布作成方法、並びに該方法を実行する装置
US6857255B1 (en) 2002-05-16 2005-02-22 Fisher-Barton Llc Reciprocating cutting blade having laser-hardened cutting edges and a method for making the same with a laser
DE102012212791B4 (de) * 2012-07-20 2014-02-27 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor
CA2884465C (en) 2012-09-06 2022-11-08 Etxe-Tar, S.A. Method and system for laser hardening of a surface of a workpiece
CN103071931A (zh) * 2013-01-14 2013-05-01 温州大学 一种飞秒激光对凸轮表面微造型的方法
EP2862648A1 (de) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Teilweises Umschmelzen von gegossenen Bauteilen und gegossene Komponente
MX2016011840A (es) * 2014-03-11 2017-05-10 Etxe-Tar S A Metodo y sistema para el endurecimiento por laser de una superficie de una pieza de trabajo.
BR112017019981B1 (pt) 2015-03-17 2021-12-14 Ikergune A.I.E. Método e sistema para tratamento a quente de chapa de metal
WO2016180736A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-17 Ikergune, A.I.E. Method and apparatus for heat treatment of a ferrous material using an energy beam
RU2640516C1 (ru) * 2016-11-22 2018-01-09 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) Способ лазерного упрочнения полой металлической заготовки
CN111230318A (zh) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-05 五邑大学 一种适合于曲面的均匀激光微造型方法
CN112775441A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-05-11 南京航空航天大学 光束定制模组及减少激光选区熔化孔隙缺陷的方法和装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4304978A (en) * 1978-10-05 1981-12-08 Coherent, Inc. Heat treating using a laser
JPS56112415A (en) * 1980-02-13 1981-09-04 Toshiba Corp Production of cam
JPS619517A (ja) * 1984-06-22 1986-01-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 回転体機械部品の表面改質装置
JPS6237350A (ja) * 1985-08-12 1987-02-18 Toshiba Corp 表面熱処理装置
US4714809A (en) * 1986-08-15 1987-12-22 Tocco, Inc. Method and apparatus for shaping the surfaces of cams on a camshaft
JPS6389624A (ja) * 1986-10-03 1988-04-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd カムシヤフトの表面硬化処理方法
JPS63134634A (ja) * 1986-11-26 1988-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd カムシヤフトの表面硬化処理方法
JPS63293118A (ja) * 1987-05-26 1988-11-30 Mazda Motor Corp カムシャフトの製造方法
DE3910280A1 (de) * 1989-03-30 1990-10-11 Aeg Elotherm Gmbh Verfahren zum umschmelzhaerten metallischer werkstuecke
DE3916684A1 (de) * 1989-05-23 1990-11-29 Opel Adam Ag Verfahren zum umschmelzhaerten von oberflaechen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1992018653A1 (de) 1992-10-29
EP0578696A1 (de) 1994-01-19
US5446258A (en) 1995-08-29
AU1537392A (en) 1992-11-17
RU2074265C1 (ru) 1997-02-27
JPH07500632A (ja) 1995-01-19
ES2083164T3 (es) 1996-04-01

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