EP0573028B1 - Chambre de combustion, en particulier pour la régénération d'un filtre à particules dans un dispositif d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion, en particulier pour la régénération d'un filtre à particules dans un dispositif d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0573028B1
EP0573028B1 EP93108911A EP93108911A EP0573028B1 EP 0573028 B1 EP0573028 B1 EP 0573028B1 EP 93108911 A EP93108911 A EP 93108911A EP 93108911 A EP93108911 A EP 93108911A EP 0573028 B1 EP0573028 B1 EP 0573028B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
combustion
fuel
jacket
supply means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93108911A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0573028A3 (fr
EP0573028A2 (fr
Inventor
Walter Blaschke
Erich Kenner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0573028A2 publication Critical patent/EP0573028A2/fr
Publication of EP0573028A3 publication Critical patent/EP0573028A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0573028B1 publication Critical patent/EP0573028B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/42—Starting devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion chamber, in particular for a burner used to regenerate a particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust system, with a combustion chamber base and a combustion chamber jacket.
  • a safe starting behavior of the combustion chamber proves to be essential so that the burner operated by the combustion chamber can regenerate the filter in good time by burning the soot particles deposited in a soot filter, for example to prevent a reduction in performance of the motor vehicle due to an added soot filter.
  • combustion chambers previously used in the burners mentioned have not always proven reliable in terms of their starting properties. In addition, increasing combustion chamber efficiency to reduce fuel consumption is also desirable.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a combustion chamber which is distinguished by good starting properties and a high combustion chamber efficiency.
  • a nozzle is provided in the combustion chamber base, which serves on the one hand for receiving an electrical ignition device and on the other hand opens into a first fuel supply device and a first combustion air supply device.
  • the arrangement of the nozzle in the combustion chamber floor ensures that both the fuel introduced into the nozzle and the combustion air flow axially outward from the nozzle into the combustion chamber interior. Due to the axially aligned, low-turbulence flow of the ignitable gas mixture introduced in the nozzle area, its flammability has proven to be particularly reliable.
  • the special design of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket ensures that an at least partially tangentially oriented combustion air flow hits and swirls the fuel quantity introduced through the combustion chamber jacket.
  • the swirling results in a particularly homogeneous formation of the mixture which can be ignited easily and uniformly by the pilot flame generated by the pilot mixture formed in the nozzle.
  • the homogeneous formation of the main mixture formed by the fuel and the combustion air, which are supplied through the combustion chamber jacket not only ensures rapid and uniform flammability, but also high combustion chamber efficiency.
  • the fuel supply device can be designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is fed into the combustion chamber by means of feed openings in the combustion chamber jacket, through which the combustion chamber inner wall can be wetted with fuel.
  • the main mixture is formed in the combustion chamber essentially by evaporation of the fuel applied to the inner wall of the combustion chamber.
  • Another possibility of supplying fuel through the combustion chamber jacket is to design the fuel supply device as a fuel space introduction device, by means of which it is possible to introduce the fuel into the combustion chamber interior in a directed manner.
  • the introduction of the fuel this takes place at a distance from the combustion chamber inner wall, since the fuel can thus be introduced directly into the highly turbulent zone of the combustion chamber formed by the combustion chamber inner wall through an essentially laminar or less turbulent edge zone. As a result, good mixing can be achieved as quickly as possible.
  • the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber casing is formed by an annular combustion chamber casing element which is provided with at least one tangentially oriented supply opening.
  • the combustion chamber jacket element can be designed as an integral part of the combustion chamber jacket or independently. In the latter case, a modular construction of the combustion chamber according to the invention is possible, so that, for example, a conventional combustion chamber element can be supplemented with the combustion chamber casing element to form a combustion chamber according to the invention.
  • the second or a further combustion air supply device from an annular combustion chamber jacket element which has at least one tangential into the combustion chamber jacket element is provided, the second or another fuel supply device opens into the supply pipe. This enables the combustion mixture or at least part of the combustion mixture to be formed outside the combustion chamber jacket.
  • the feed pipe of the combustion air supply device is provided with at least two feed openings opening into the combustion chamber interior at a distance from one another, so that an inflow of combustion air can be achieved at different inflow angles.
  • the result of this is a particularly good mixing of the air flows that meet at different angles in the combustion chamber or a mixing of fuel gas already in the combustion chamber by means of the air flows that strike the fuel gas.
  • the combustion air flow directed through the supply pipe to the combustion chamber interior is divided into a pure combustion air flow which, viewed in the flow direction, enters the combustion chamber interior in front of the fuel supply device, and a mixed combustion stream which, viewed in the direction of flow, enters the combustion chamber interior behind the fuel supply device.
  • the fuel feed device in Seen downstream flow direction an ignition device is provided.
  • ignition of the combustion mixture in the feed pipe is possible outside the actual combustion chamber interior.
  • the ignition device in the supply pipe can also be operated independently of the ignition device arranged in the combustion chamber floor, and consequently a combustion chamber according to the invention can also be equipped without the ignition device in the combustion chamber floor, but only with the ignition device in the supply pipe.
  • impact devices can be provided in the area of the combustion chamber jacket element, which lead to a throttling of the entry velocity of the air flow entering through the supply pipe and to an increase in turbulence formation in the area of the incoming combustion air flow. Both effects help to achieve a better mixture formation in the combustion chamber interior. Furthermore, the arrangement of the impact devices at the designated point contributes to the fact that flow noises are at least partially suppressed, in particular as a result of the throttling of the entry speed.
  • baffle devices are arranged distributed around the inner circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element, since this arrangement enables the baffle devices to be particularly effective.
  • the efficiency of the combustion chamber according to the invention can be increased even further by providing a diffuser at the downstream end of the combustion chamber.
  • the diffuser is with a further fuel supply device, so that it is possible to use combustion air, which has entered through the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket, without having been consumed for the combustion of the fuel supplied through the combustion chamber jacket, in the diffuser for a kind of afterburning.
  • By connecting the diffuser in total stoichiometric combustion can thus be achieved even in a combustion chamber designed as a vortex combustion chamber in the present case.
  • a baffle device can be arranged opposite the inlet opening of the diffuser on the flow side as a measure to increase turbulence.
  • An inlet cover can be arranged upstream of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket.
  • an outlet orifice can be provided downstream of the combustion air supply device and at the same time forms the inlet opening of the diffuser.
  • a combustion chamber of the type mentioned is known.
  • the ignition nozzle is attached laterally, ie radially.
  • the fuel is supplied only via the ignition nozzle.
  • the pilot air is not supplied externally.
  • the known nozzle arrangement is in a sense disadvantageous for combustion chambers which have to start with different air mass supply, since high speeds can occur in the area near the wall, which prevent ignition and starting.
  • the combustion chamber also known from DE-A-37 28 712 does not have a combustion chamber base with an ignition socket according to the type of the invention. It is an atomizer combustion chamber arranged in the exhaust gas flow, in which the fuel and the air are premixed and then fed to the nozzle.
  • the auxiliary igniter is an atomizer burner which is ignited with sparks and additional air.
  • combustion chamber 10 with a combustion chamber base 11, a combustion chamber jacket 12 and a diffuser 13 arranged opposite the combustion chamber base 11, which in the embodiment shown here forms the flow-side closure of the combustion chamber 10.
  • a nozzle 14 is arranged, which serves to receive an electrical ignition device 15 and into which a first fuel supply device 16 and a first combustion air supply device 17 open.
  • the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 open into the connecting piece 14 arranged on the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10 in the latter.
  • the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 it is of course also possible for the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 to be introduced into the connection piece parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10, or for one of the two supply devices to open into the connection piece 14 transversely to the other.
  • a further fuel supply device 18 or 19 is arranged on the combustion chamber jacket 12, which are shown here side by side in the drawing, but can also be provided individually, that is to say independently of one another, on the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the fuel supply device 18 is designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is arranged through one or more feed openings 20 arranged around the circumference for wetting the combustion chamber inner wall.
  • the fuel supply device 19 is designed as a fuel space introduction device, in which supply nozzles 21 projecting into the combustion chamber 10 are distributed over the circumference, through which the fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber, for example by spraying.
  • combustion air supply device 22 is provided in the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the combustion air supply device 22 has a plurality of supply openings 23 which are distributed over the circumference of the combustion chamber jacket and through which combustion air can be introduced into the combustion chamber 10 essentially tangentially.
  • the combustion air supply device 22 is designed as a combustion chamber jacket element which is provided with an inlet panel 24 on or in the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the downstream end of the combustion chamber 10 is formed by the diffuser 13, the inlet opening of which is designed as an outlet diaphragm 25 and which is inserted with it into the combustion chamber jacket 12 or the combustion chamber jacket element 22.
  • the diffuser 13 is provided in the region of its inlet opening, that is to say the outlet panel 25, with a further fuel feed device 26, here in the manner of the fuel feed device 19.
  • the combustion chamber 10 is inserted into a receiving flange 27 of the burner housing.
  • the baffle plate 30 becomes red-hot and therefore acts as a glow or ignition element.
  • an ignitable mixture can be formed in the nozzle space, which enables the ignition of a pilot flame after ignition by the ignition device 15. Since the ignition mixture is ignited in the nozzle chamber within a flow-restricted area, reliable ignition of the ignition mixture is independent of the flow velocities of the main combustion air supplied by the combustion air supply device 22 in the combustion chamber jacket 12 possible.
  • the main combustion air entered tangentially into the combustion chamber 10 through the supply openings 23 forms, together with the main fuel fraction input through the fuel supply device 18 and / or 19, the main mixture which can be ignited by the pilot flame formed by means of the ignition mixture.
  • the diffuser 13 downstream of the combustion air supply device 22 is additional fuel is supplied by the fuel supply device 26, so that essentially all of the air introduced into the combustion chamber by the combustion air supply device 22 is used for combustion.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in an alternative embodiment, a second combustion air supply device designed as a combustion chamber jacket element 31, into which a supply pipe 32 opens tangentially.
  • the feed pipe 32 is provided in its mouth-side end area 33 with a fuel feed device 34 which opens laterally into the end area 33.
  • two feed openings 35, 36 opening into the combustion chamber interior are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • the arrows 37 and 38 shown in FIG. 2 are intended to indicate the directions of those entering the combustion chamber interior from the feed openings 35 and 36 Indicate currents. It is evident from this illustration that particularly good mixing is achieved by the flows entering the combustion chamber interior at different entry angles.
  • both supply openings 35 and 36 are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • An ignitable mixture therefore enters the combustion chamber interior through both supply openings.
  • an ignition device (not shown in FIG. 2) can be provided downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • impact devices in the form of webs 39 projecting into the combustion chamber interior are provided on the inside of the combustion chamber jacket element 31.
  • the webs 39 cause a drop in speed and a swirling of the flow entering through the feed opening 36.
  • the webs 39 are only distributed over a quarter circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element 31. However, a more extensive one, such as an arrangement over the entire circumference, can also be useful.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Chambre de combustion (10), notamment pour un brûleur muni d'un fond de chambre de combustion (11) et d'une enveloppe de chambre de combustion (12), qui est utilisé pour régénérer un filtre à particules dans une installation d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur, sachant que :
    a) une tubulure (14) destinée à recevoir un dispositif d'allumage électrique (15) est disposée dans le fond (11) de la chambre de combustion ;
    b) la tubulure (14) est munie d'un premier dispositif d'alimentation de combustible (16) et d'un premier dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion (14) ;
    c) un second dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion (22) est prévu dans l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion, qui est réalisé de telle manière que le flux d'air de combustion qui en sort pénètre dans la chambre de combustion avec une composante de circulation tangentielle ; et que
    d) l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion est munie d'un second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible (18, 19).
  2. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible présente un dispositif pour appliquer du combustible sur la paroi (18), qui comporte au moins une ouverture d'alimentation (20) située dans l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion.
  3. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif pour appliquer du combustible sur la paroi (18) est placé dans une partie de l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion qui est adjacente au fond (11) de la chambre de combustion.
  4. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible présente un dispositif d'introduction de combustible (19) comprenant au moins une ouverture d'alimentation disposée, de préférence à distance de l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion, dans l'espace intérieur de la chambre de combustion.
  5. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion est formé par un élément annulaire (22) d'enveloppe de chambre de combustion, qui est muni d'au moins une ouverture d'alimentation orientée tangentiellement (23).
  6. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion ou un dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion supplémentaire est formé par un élément annulaire (31) d'enveloppe de chambre de combustion, qui est muni d'au moins un tuyau d'alimentation (32) débouchant de façon tangentielle dans l'élément annulaire (31) d'enveloppe de chambre de combustion, et en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible ou un dispositif d'alimentation de combustible supplémentaire (34) débouche dans le tuyau d'alimentation (32).
  7. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le tuyau d'alimentation (32) est muni d'au moins deux ouvertures d'alimentation (35, 36) qui débouchent dans l'espace intérieur de la chambre de combustion en étant espacées l'une de l'autre et qui permettent à l'air de combustion ou à un mélange d'air de combustion de pénétrer avec différents angles de pénétration.
  8. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible ou le dispositif d'alimentation de combustible supplémentaire (34) débouche dans le tuyau d'alimentation (32) entre deux ouvertures d'alimentation (35, 36).
  9. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif d'allumage est prévu dans le tuyau d'alimentation (32), en aval du second dispositif d'alimentation de combustible ou du dispositif d'alimentation de combustible supplémentaire (34).
  10. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'à l'intérieur, dans l'enveloppe (12) de la chambre de combustion, des chicanes (39) sont prévues dans la zone de l'élément annulaire (31) d'enveloppe de chambre de combustion.
  11. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que les chicanes (39) sont réparties sur le pourtour intérieur de l'élément annulaire (31) d'enveloppe de chambre de combustion.
  12. Chambre de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un diffuseur (13) est prévu à l'extrémité de la chambre de combustion (10) qui est située en aval par rapport au sens de circulation.
  13. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce qu'une chicane (30) est placée dans la chambre de combustion (10), à l'opposé de l'ouverture d'entrée du diffuseur (13) par rapport au sens de circulation.
  14. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif d'alimentation de combustible supplémentaire (26) est prévu dans la zone de l'ouverture d'entrée du diffuseur (13), lequel est, de préférence, réalisé en tant que dispositif d'introduction du combustible.
  15. Chambre de combustion selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un diaphragme d'admission (24) est placé à l'avant du second dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion (22) et en ce qu'un diaphragme de sortie (25) formant simultanément l'ouverture d'entrée du diffuseur (13) est placé à l'arrière de ce dispositif d'alimentation d'air de combustion.
EP93108911A 1992-06-05 1993-06-03 Chambre de combustion, en particulier pour la régénération d'un filtre à particules dans un dispositif d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur Expired - Lifetime EP0573028B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4218629A DE4218629A1 (de) 1992-06-05 1992-06-05 Brennkammer, insbesondere für die Partikelfilterregenerierung in einer Kraftfahrzeug-Abgasanlage
DE4218629 1992-06-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0573028A2 EP0573028A2 (fr) 1993-12-08
EP0573028A3 EP0573028A3 (fr) 1994-03-09
EP0573028B1 true EP0573028B1 (fr) 1996-12-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93108911A Expired - Lifetime EP0573028B1 (fr) 1992-06-05 1993-06-03 Chambre de combustion, en particulier pour la régénération d'un filtre à particules dans un dispositif d'échappement d'un véhicule à moteur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0573028B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE146869T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4218629A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4319213C2 (de) * 1993-06-09 1995-04-20 Eberspaecher J Brenner zur motorunabhängigen Aufheizung eines im Abgasstrang eines Fahrzeugmotors angeordneten Katalysators
DE19812561C5 (de) * 1998-03-21 2006-02-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Mit Flüssigbrennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE10221495B4 (de) * 2002-05-14 2004-03-11 Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh Brenner für ein Heizgerät
DE10227810B4 (de) * 2002-06-21 2004-08-26 Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh Brenner für ein Heizgerät mit einer Prallscheibe
DE102016116687B4 (de) 2016-09-07 2019-12-05 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammerbaugruppe für einen Verdampferbrenner

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5214373B1 (fr) * 1971-06-02 1977-04-21
US4383411A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-05-17 General Motors Corporation Diesel exhaust cleaner with burner vortex chamber
DE3410716A1 (de) * 1984-03-23 1985-10-03 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Brennkammer fuer heizeinrichtungen
DE3728712A1 (de) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-09 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Brenner fuer schwer-zuendliche gemische
DE4130377A1 (de) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-18 Eberspaecher J Brenner fuer dieselmotorenabgas-partikelfilter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0573028A3 (fr) 1994-03-09
EP0573028A2 (fr) 1993-12-08
DE59304860D1 (de) 1997-02-06
ATE146869T1 (de) 1997-01-15
DE4218629A1 (de) 1993-12-16

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