EP0789189B1 - Brûleur pour combustible fluide ou gazeux, en particulier pour mazout - Google Patents

Brûleur pour combustible fluide ou gazeux, en particulier pour mazout Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0789189B1
EP0789189B1 EP96118804A EP96118804A EP0789189B1 EP 0789189 B1 EP0789189 B1 EP 0789189B1 EP 96118804 A EP96118804 A EP 96118804A EP 96118804 A EP96118804 A EP 96118804A EP 0789189 B1 EP0789189 B1 EP 0789189B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
burner according
chamber
nozzle
orifice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96118804A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0789189A2 (fr
EP0789189A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Dr.-Ing. Malobabic
Manfred Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerting Hannover GmbH
Original Assignee
Koerting Hannover GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koerting Hannover GmbH filed Critical Koerting Hannover GmbH
Publication of EP0789189A2 publication Critical patent/EP0789189A2/fr
Publication of EP0789189A3 publication Critical patent/EP0789189A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0789189B1 publication Critical patent/EP0789189B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11402—Airflow diaphragms at burner nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11403—Flame surrounding tubes in front of burner nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner in the preamble of claim 1 type for liquid or gaseous fuels, especially for oil.
  • DE 295 18 919 U1 is a burner of the type in question kind known. It has a nozzle for feeding of fuel on from an outlet to Air is fed into the outlet area of the nozzle is concentrically surrounded.
  • a chamber in the air flows axially through inlet openings.
  • the Chamber has in the area of Swirl blades have a large cross section, so the flow rate the air is correspondingly low.
  • the effect of the swirl blades is very limited, so the speed of rotation of the air as it exits is correspondingly low from the outlet opening. This also results in a slight mixing of the air flowing out of the outlet opening with the Fuel coming from in the area of the outlet opening arranged nozzle emerges. This is the combustion not optimal.
  • the invention has for its object a To create burners of the type in question, in which the Mixing of the supplied air and fuel and thus the combustion significantly improved and the education of NOx is reduced to a minimum.
  • the basic idea of this teaching is that Air already with one when entering the chamber Impact angular momentum by the inlet opening for the air in the chamber at least partially in the circumferential direction is directed. To achieve this angular momentum the inlet opening must therefore be nozzle-shaped his. To amplify this angular momentum the inlet opening is at least partially radially outside the entrance opening, which results has that the turning radius of the air to the outlet opening reduced. As a result, the air experiences on her radial path inwards to the smaller outlet in a known manner due to the physical Law of conservation of the pressure pulse a considerable one Spin so that the air the exit opening from the vortex chamber with a considerable Speed of rotation leaves.
  • the vortex chamber is preferably by several, essentially radial slots in the wall of the swirl chamber facing away from the outlet opening educated.
  • These slots can, for example have the same shape as the slots in the baffle plate according to the literature discussed at the beginning, of course these slots are radial in relation to the exit opening must be arranged so that the Air entering the swirl chamber radially towards the outlet opening moved inward and thus a considerable one due to its inertia Undergoes spin.
  • the middle Radius is much larger than the radius of the outlet opening the vortex chamber.
  • the flame space in the exit direction in front of the nozzle for Fuel can be obtained in a manner known per se from a reaction tube be enclosed. Because the mixture between air and fuel already in the central area after exiting the outlet opening and the nozzle for fuel take place, the mixing is not affected, and there Air and fuel already intimately mixed in the Area of the reaction tube and also there a combustion takes place, the reaction tube heats up in particular Dimensions causing a gasification sprayed liquid Fuel takes place and not as a liquid, but burns as gas largely without residue.
  • a cross-sectional jump performing stage between the reaction tube and the outlet opening of the swirl chamber, preferably the front tapering in the direction of flow Wall of the vortex chamber.
  • This stage leads that a roller-shaped ring vortex forms in its area, in which the air / fuel mixture rotates before it further course in the downstream flame area arrives.
  • This roller-shaped vortex supports the intimate Mixing fuel and air.
  • an opening for supplying flue gas can advantageously be arranged.
  • the flue gas serves the purpose of lowering the partial pressure of the oxygen so as to lower the peak areas of the flame temperature and thus avoid the formation of NO x .
  • the roller-shaped vortex in the area of the step leads to an intimate mixing of the air / fuel / flue gas mixture in front of the area of the flame.
  • the breakthrough for the flue gas can be an annular one Be gap, this gap being defined by a space between the rear end of the reaction tube and the vortex chamber can be formed.
  • this slot can be adjustable, whereby for adjustment the size of the slot the reaction tube in axial Direction can be kept adjustable.
  • the pressure of the swirl chamber must be Air supplied should be such that despite the comparatively narrow cross section of the outlet opening of the swirl chamber one for the combustion of the introduced fuel sufficient amount of air is supplied.
  • Air supplied should be such that despite the comparatively narrow cross section of the outlet opening of the swirl chamber one for the combustion of the introduced fuel sufficient amount of air is supplied.
  • This is particular also to take into account that to accelerate the air in additional power is required in the swirl chamber.
  • the axial partial section according to FIG. 1 shows the front Part of a burner in which a fan for feeding Air and a pump for the supply of oil in the drawing are left out.
  • a tubular housing 1 tapers in a conical part 2 towards a flame chamber 3, the is surrounded by a flame tube 4.
  • the flame tube 4 is over Screws 5 adjustable in the axial direction connected to brackets 6, attached to the conical part 2 of the housing 1 are.
  • a gap 8 is formed between a rear end 7 of the flame tube 4 and the conical part 2 of the housing 1, a gap 8 is formed.
  • An interior 9 of the housing 1 is on the not shown Fan connected.
  • the front end of the conical part 2 of the housing 1 is closed by a conical wall 10 of a swirl chamber 11, which an outlet opening 12 and through slots in a rear wall 13 formed inlet openings 14 having.
  • the inlet openings 14 are in one radial area outside the outlet opening 12 and also directed substantially in the circumferential direction.
  • the Entry openings 14 are with the interior 9 of the housing 1 in connection and are thus from the not shown Fan fed with air.
  • A extends through the center of the housing 1 Tube 15 for supplying oil via a nozzle assembly 16 to one Nozzle 17, which is designed as a swirl nozzle.
  • the rear one Wall 13 of the swirl chamber 11 is tight with the nozzle assembly 16 connected.
  • the nozzle 17 extends into the outlet opening 12, which thus forms an annular gap.
  • insulators 18 extend tightly, lead through the ignition electrodes 19 into the flame chamber 3, the rear ends as a connector 20 for connection to not shown Ignition cables are formed.
  • Fig. 1 is only one of the ignition electrodes 19 is shown, but it is shown in FIG known way two electrodes available, like that from the View in Fig. 2 can be seen.
  • a flame detector 22 monitors the burning of the flame in the flame chamber 3.
  • a step representing a cross-sectional jump is formed, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 1.
  • an annular roll vortex is formed, in which the flow in the area of the flame tube 3 runs to the rear and in the area of the conical wall 10 to the front.
  • This vortex also contributes to the intimate mixing of fuel and air.
  • mixing with exhaust gas that flows in via the gap 8 takes place in this area. The oxygen partial pressure is reduced by this exhaust gas. This prevents temperature peaks in the flame pattern and thus the formation of NO x .
  • the flame tube 4 is adjustable in relation to the housing 1 and thus also the size of the gap 8 and the supply of exhaust gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Brûleur pour combustible fluide ou gazeux, en particulier pour de l'huile,
    avec une buse (17) pour l'amenée de combustible,
    avec une ouverture de sortie (12) entourant de manière concentrique la buse (17) pour l'amenée d'air dans la zone de sortie de la buse (17),
    avec une chambre (11) disposée avant l'ouverture de sortie (12) dans la direction d'écoulement, qui présente l'ouverture de sortie (12) sous forme d'ouverture centrale,
    avec une ouverture d'entrée (14) pour l'amenée d'air dans la chambre (11), et
    avec des moyens de création d'un entraínement en rotation de l'air dans la chambre,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    pour la création de l'entraínement en rotation de l'air dans la chambre (11), l'ouverture d'entrée (14) est dirigée au moins partiellement en direction périphérique de sorte que l'air pénètre dans la chambre (11) avec une impulsion de rotation, et
    en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée est disposée au moins partiellement radialement à l'extérieur de l'ouverture de sortie (12).
  2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la section transversale de la chambre de tourbillonnement (11) se rétrécit vers l'ouverture de sortie (12) de manière conique ou en forme de trompette.
  3. Brûleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (14) pour l'air est formée par une fente sensiblement radiale dans une paroi (13) de la chambre de tourbillonnement (11).
  4. Brûleur selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la fente formant l'ouverture d'entrée (14) s'étend dans une zone périphérique dont le rayon moyen est sensiblement plus grand que le rayon de l'ouverture de sortie (12) de la chambre de tourbillonnement (11).
  5. Brûleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la buse (17) pour le combustible est une buse à turbulence dont la direction de tourbillonnement est la même que la direction de tourbillonnement dans la chambre de tourbillonnement (11).
  6. Brûleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un espace de flamme (3) formé dans la direction de sortie à partir de la buse (17) pour le combustible est entouré par un tube de réaction (4).
  7. Brûleur selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que, entre le tube de réaction (4) et l'ouverture de sortie (12) de la chambre de tourbillonnement (11) dont, de préférence, la paroi (10) avant se rétrécit dans la direction d'écoulement, est formé un gradin représentant une saillie en section transversale.
  8. Brûleur selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone du gradin, au moins un percement pour le gaz de. fumée est prévu de préférence directement radial à l'intérieur du tube de réaction (4).
  9. Brûleur selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que le percement est une fente annulaire (8).
  10. Brûleur selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que la fente (8) est formée par un espace intermédiaire entre l'extrémité arrière (7) du tube de réaction (4) et la chambre de tourbillonnement (11).
  11. Brûleur selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que la grandeur de la fente (8) est réglable.
  12. Brûleur selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour régler la grandeur de la fente (8), le tube de réaction (4) est maintenu réglable dans la direction axiale.
  13. Brûleur selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que, à l'extérieur de la chambre de tourbillonnement (11), une fente annulaire pour l'amenée supplémentaire d'air est disposée dans l'espace de flamme(3).
  14. Brûleur selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que la section transversale de la fente annulaire est réglable.
EP96118804A 1996-02-07 1996-11-23 Brûleur pour combustible fluide ou gazeux, en particulier pour mazout Expired - Lifetime EP0789189B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19604347A DE19604347A1 (de) 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff, insbesondere für Öl
DE19604347 1996-02-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0789189A2 EP0789189A2 (fr) 1997-08-13
EP0789189A3 EP0789189A3 (fr) 1999-02-10
EP0789189B1 true EP0789189B1 (fr) 2003-11-12

Family

ID=7784698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96118804A Expired - Lifetime EP0789189B1 (fr) 1996-02-07 1996-11-23 Brûleur pour combustible fluide ou gazeux, en particulier pour mazout

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0789189B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE254262T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19604347A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006049294A1 (de) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mischeinrichtung für einen Öl- oder Gasbrenner
US10982846B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2021-04-20 Webster Combustion Technology Llc Vortex recirculating combustion burner head

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946552A (en) * 1973-09-10 1976-03-30 General Electric Company Fuel injection apparatus
DE3930569C2 (de) * 1989-09-13 1995-06-01 Siegfried W Schilling Brennerkopf
DE4010360A1 (de) * 1990-03-31 1991-10-02 Peter Erat Diffusor mit integrierter zuendeinrichtung und drallscheibe
DE4412185B4 (de) 1994-04-08 2005-05-12 Körting Hannover AG Brenner für flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe, insbesondere für Öl
DE4415717C2 (de) * 1994-05-04 2001-03-01 Man B & W Diesel Ag Brenner
DE29518919U1 (de) * 1995-11-29 1996-01-25 MEKU Metallverarbeitungs-GmbH, 78083 Dauchingen Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE254262T1 (de) 2003-11-15
DE59610817D1 (de) 2003-12-18
DE19604347A1 (de) 1997-08-14
EP0789189A2 (fr) 1997-08-13
EP0789189A3 (fr) 1999-02-10

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