EP0573028B1 - Combustion chamber, particularly for regenerating the particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust device - Google Patents

Combustion chamber, particularly for regenerating the particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0573028B1
EP0573028B1 EP93108911A EP93108911A EP0573028B1 EP 0573028 B1 EP0573028 B1 EP 0573028B1 EP 93108911 A EP93108911 A EP 93108911A EP 93108911 A EP93108911 A EP 93108911A EP 0573028 B1 EP0573028 B1 EP 0573028B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
combustion
fuel
jacket
supply means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP93108911A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0573028A2 (en
EP0573028A3 (en
Inventor
Walter Blaschke
Erich Kenner
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Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0573028A3 publication Critical patent/EP0573028A3/xx
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/42—Starting devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion chamber, in particular for a burner used to regenerate a particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust system, with a combustion chamber base and a combustion chamber jacket.
  • a safe starting behavior of the combustion chamber proves to be essential so that the burner operated by the combustion chamber can regenerate the filter in good time by burning the soot particles deposited in a soot filter, for example to prevent a reduction in performance of the motor vehicle due to an added soot filter.
  • combustion chambers previously used in the burners mentioned have not always proven reliable in terms of their starting properties. In addition, increasing combustion chamber efficiency to reduce fuel consumption is also desirable.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a combustion chamber which is distinguished by good starting properties and a high combustion chamber efficiency.
  • a nozzle is provided in the combustion chamber base, which serves on the one hand for receiving an electrical ignition device and on the other hand opens into a first fuel supply device and a first combustion air supply device.
  • the arrangement of the nozzle in the combustion chamber floor ensures that both the fuel introduced into the nozzle and the combustion air flow axially outward from the nozzle into the combustion chamber interior. Due to the axially aligned, low-turbulence flow of the ignitable gas mixture introduced in the nozzle area, its flammability has proven to be particularly reliable.
  • the special design of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket ensures that an at least partially tangentially oriented combustion air flow hits and swirls the fuel quantity introduced through the combustion chamber jacket.
  • the swirling results in a particularly homogeneous formation of the mixture which can be ignited easily and uniformly by the pilot flame generated by the pilot mixture formed in the nozzle.
  • the homogeneous formation of the main mixture formed by the fuel and the combustion air, which are supplied through the combustion chamber jacket not only ensures rapid and uniform flammability, but also high combustion chamber efficiency.
  • the fuel supply device can be designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is fed into the combustion chamber by means of feed openings in the combustion chamber jacket, through which the combustion chamber inner wall can be wetted with fuel.
  • the main mixture is formed in the combustion chamber essentially by evaporation of the fuel applied to the inner wall of the combustion chamber.
  • Another possibility of supplying fuel through the combustion chamber jacket is to design the fuel supply device as a fuel space introduction device, by means of which it is possible to introduce the fuel into the combustion chamber interior in a directed manner.
  • the introduction of the fuel this takes place at a distance from the combustion chamber inner wall, since the fuel can thus be introduced directly into the highly turbulent zone of the combustion chamber formed by the combustion chamber inner wall through an essentially laminar or less turbulent edge zone. As a result, good mixing can be achieved as quickly as possible.
  • the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber casing is formed by an annular combustion chamber casing element which is provided with at least one tangentially oriented supply opening.
  • the combustion chamber jacket element can be designed as an integral part of the combustion chamber jacket or independently. In the latter case, a modular construction of the combustion chamber according to the invention is possible, so that, for example, a conventional combustion chamber element can be supplemented with the combustion chamber casing element to form a combustion chamber according to the invention.
  • the second or a further combustion air supply device from an annular combustion chamber jacket element which has at least one tangential into the combustion chamber jacket element is provided, the second or another fuel supply device opens into the supply pipe. This enables the combustion mixture or at least part of the combustion mixture to be formed outside the combustion chamber jacket.
  • the feed pipe of the combustion air supply device is provided with at least two feed openings opening into the combustion chamber interior at a distance from one another, so that an inflow of combustion air can be achieved at different inflow angles.
  • the result of this is a particularly good mixing of the air flows that meet at different angles in the combustion chamber or a mixing of fuel gas already in the combustion chamber by means of the air flows that strike the fuel gas.
  • the combustion air flow directed through the supply pipe to the combustion chamber interior is divided into a pure combustion air flow which, viewed in the flow direction, enters the combustion chamber interior in front of the fuel supply device, and a mixed combustion stream which, viewed in the direction of flow, enters the combustion chamber interior behind the fuel supply device.
  • the fuel feed device in Seen downstream flow direction an ignition device is provided.
  • ignition of the combustion mixture in the feed pipe is possible outside the actual combustion chamber interior.
  • the ignition device in the supply pipe can also be operated independently of the ignition device arranged in the combustion chamber floor, and consequently a combustion chamber according to the invention can also be equipped without the ignition device in the combustion chamber floor, but only with the ignition device in the supply pipe.
  • impact devices can be provided in the area of the combustion chamber jacket element, which lead to a throttling of the entry velocity of the air flow entering through the supply pipe and to an increase in turbulence formation in the area of the incoming combustion air flow. Both effects help to achieve a better mixture formation in the combustion chamber interior. Furthermore, the arrangement of the impact devices at the designated point contributes to the fact that flow noises are at least partially suppressed, in particular as a result of the throttling of the entry speed.
  • baffle devices are arranged distributed around the inner circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element, since this arrangement enables the baffle devices to be particularly effective.
  • the efficiency of the combustion chamber according to the invention can be increased even further by providing a diffuser at the downstream end of the combustion chamber.
  • the diffuser is with a further fuel supply device, so that it is possible to use combustion air, which has entered through the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket, without having been consumed for the combustion of the fuel supplied through the combustion chamber jacket, in the diffuser for a kind of afterburning.
  • By connecting the diffuser in total stoichiometric combustion can thus be achieved even in a combustion chamber designed as a vortex combustion chamber in the present case.
  • a baffle device can be arranged opposite the inlet opening of the diffuser on the flow side as a measure to increase turbulence.
  • An inlet cover can be arranged upstream of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket.
  • an outlet orifice can be provided downstream of the combustion air supply device and at the same time forms the inlet opening of the diffuser.
  • a combustion chamber of the type mentioned is known.
  • the ignition nozzle is attached laterally, ie radially.
  • the fuel is supplied only via the ignition nozzle.
  • the pilot air is not supplied externally.
  • the known nozzle arrangement is in a sense disadvantageous for combustion chambers which have to start with different air mass supply, since high speeds can occur in the area near the wall, which prevent ignition and starting.
  • the combustion chamber also known from DE-A-37 28 712 does not have a combustion chamber base with an ignition socket according to the type of the invention. It is an atomizer combustion chamber arranged in the exhaust gas flow, in which the fuel and the air are premixed and then fed to the nozzle.
  • the auxiliary igniter is an atomizer burner which is ignited with sparks and additional air.
  • combustion chamber 10 with a combustion chamber base 11, a combustion chamber jacket 12 and a diffuser 13 arranged opposite the combustion chamber base 11, which in the embodiment shown here forms the flow-side closure of the combustion chamber 10.
  • a nozzle 14 is arranged, which serves to receive an electrical ignition device 15 and into which a first fuel supply device 16 and a first combustion air supply device 17 open.
  • the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 open into the connecting piece 14 arranged on the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10 in the latter.
  • the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 it is of course also possible for the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 to be introduced into the connection piece parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10, or for one of the two supply devices to open into the connection piece 14 transversely to the other.
  • a further fuel supply device 18 or 19 is arranged on the combustion chamber jacket 12, which are shown here side by side in the drawing, but can also be provided individually, that is to say independently of one another, on the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the fuel supply device 18 is designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is arranged through one or more feed openings 20 arranged around the circumference for wetting the combustion chamber inner wall.
  • the fuel supply device 19 is designed as a fuel space introduction device, in which supply nozzles 21 projecting into the combustion chamber 10 are distributed over the circumference, through which the fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber, for example by spraying.
  • combustion air supply device 22 is provided in the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the combustion air supply device 22 has a plurality of supply openings 23 which are distributed over the circumference of the combustion chamber jacket and through which combustion air can be introduced into the combustion chamber 10 essentially tangentially.
  • the combustion air supply device 22 is designed as a combustion chamber jacket element which is provided with an inlet panel 24 on or in the combustion chamber jacket 12.
  • the downstream end of the combustion chamber 10 is formed by the diffuser 13, the inlet opening of which is designed as an outlet diaphragm 25 and which is inserted with it into the combustion chamber jacket 12 or the combustion chamber jacket element 22.
  • the diffuser 13 is provided in the region of its inlet opening, that is to say the outlet panel 25, with a further fuel feed device 26, here in the manner of the fuel feed device 19.
  • the combustion chamber 10 is inserted into a receiving flange 27 of the burner housing.
  • the baffle plate 30 becomes red-hot and therefore acts as a glow or ignition element.
  • an ignitable mixture can be formed in the nozzle space, which enables the ignition of a pilot flame after ignition by the ignition device 15. Since the ignition mixture is ignited in the nozzle chamber within a flow-restricted area, reliable ignition of the ignition mixture is independent of the flow velocities of the main combustion air supplied by the combustion air supply device 22 in the combustion chamber jacket 12 possible.
  • the main combustion air entered tangentially into the combustion chamber 10 through the supply openings 23 forms, together with the main fuel fraction input through the fuel supply device 18 and / or 19, the main mixture which can be ignited by the pilot flame formed by means of the ignition mixture.
  • the diffuser 13 downstream of the combustion air supply device 22 is additional fuel is supplied by the fuel supply device 26, so that essentially all of the air introduced into the combustion chamber by the combustion air supply device 22 is used for combustion.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in an alternative embodiment, a second combustion air supply device designed as a combustion chamber jacket element 31, into which a supply pipe 32 opens tangentially.
  • the feed pipe 32 is provided in its mouth-side end area 33 with a fuel feed device 34 which opens laterally into the end area 33.
  • two feed openings 35, 36 opening into the combustion chamber interior are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • the arrows 37 and 38 shown in FIG. 2 are intended to indicate the directions of those entering the combustion chamber interior from the feed openings 35 and 36 Indicate currents. It is evident from this illustration that particularly good mixing is achieved by the flows entering the combustion chamber interior at different entry angles.
  • both supply openings 35 and 36 are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • An ignitable mixture therefore enters the combustion chamber interior through both supply openings.
  • an ignition device (not shown in FIG. 2) can be provided downstream of the fuel supply device 34.
  • impact devices in the form of webs 39 projecting into the combustion chamber interior are provided on the inside of the combustion chamber jacket element 31.
  • the webs 39 cause a drop in speed and a swirling of the flow entering through the feed opening 36.
  • the webs 39 are only distributed over a quarter circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element 31. However, a more extensive one, such as an arrangement over the entire circumference, can also be useful.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Abstract

Combustion chamber (10), in particular for a burner used for regenerating a particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust device, having the following features: (a) a pipe piece (14) for receiving an electric ignition device (15) is arranged in one combustion chamber bottom (11); (b) the pipe piece (14) is provided with a first fuel supply device (16) and a first combustion-air supply device (17); (c) provided in a combustion chamber casing (12) is a second combustion-air supply device (22) which is designed in such a manner that a combustion-air flow emerging from this has a flow component which is directed tangentially into the combustion chamber; (d) the combustion chamber casing (12) is provided with a second fuel supply device (18, 19). <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkammer, insbesondere für einen zur Regenerierung eines Partikel filters in einer Kraftfahrzeug-Abgasanlage verwendeten Brenner, mit einem Brennkammerboden und einem Brennkammermantel.The present invention relates to a combustion chamber, in particular for a burner used to regenerate a particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust system, with a combustion chamber base and a combustion chamber jacket.

Insbesondere bei Brennkammern, die für die Regenerierung von Partikelfiltern in Kraftfahrzeug-Abgasanlagen eingesetzt werden, erweist sich ein sicheres Startverhalten der Brennkammer als wesentlich, damit der durch die Brennkammer betriebene Brenner durch Verbrennung der beispielsweise in einem Rußfilter angelagerten Rußpartikel den Filter rechtzeitig regenerieren kann, um eine Leistungsverminderung des Kraftfahrzeuges infolge eines zugesetzten Rußfilters zu verhindern.In particular in combustion chambers which are used for the regeneration of particle filters in motor vehicle exhaust systems, a safe starting behavior of the combustion chamber proves to be essential so that the burner operated by the combustion chamber can regenerate the filter in good time by burning the soot particles deposited in a soot filter, for example to prevent a reduction in performance of the motor vehicle due to an added soot filter.

Die bisher bei den genannten Brennern eingesetzten Brennkammern haben sich bezüglich ihrer Start,eigenschaften nicht in jedem Fall als zuverlässig erwiesen. Darüber hinaus ist auch eine Erhöhung des Brennkammer-Wirkungsgrades zur Verringerung des Brennstoffverbrauchs wünschenswert.The combustion chambers previously used in the burners mentioned have not always proven reliable in terms of their starting properties. In addition, increasing combustion chamber efficiency to reduce fuel consumption is also desirable.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Brennkammer zu schaffen, die sich durch gute Starteigenschaften und einen hohen Brennkammer-Wirkungsgrad auszeichnet.The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a combustion chamber which is distinguished by good starting properties and a high combustion chamber efficiency.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß ist im Brennkammerboden ein Stutzen vorgesehen, der zum einen zur Aufnahme einer elektrischen Zündeinrichtung dient, und in den zum anderen eine erste Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung und eine erste Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung münden. Durch die Anordnung des Stutzens im Brennkammerboden wird erreicht, daß sowohl der in den Stutzen eingebrachte Brennstoff als auch die Verbrennungsluft axial auswärts gerichtet aus dem Stutzen heraus in den Brennkammerinnenraum einströmen. Durch die axial ausgerichtete, turbulenzarme Strömung des im Stutzenbereich eingeleiteten zündfähigen Gasgemisches erweist sich dessen Entzündbarkeit als besonders zuverlässig. Die zur Erzeugung der Brennerenergie erforderliche weitere Zuführung von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft erfolgt durch den Brennkammermantel, so daß eine die Zündfähigkeit des im Stutzen gebildeten Zündgemisches nachteilige Beeinflussung durch die im Vergleich zu den im Stutzen zugeführten großen Brennstoff- und Verbrennungsluftmengen, die durch den Brennkammermantel zugeführt werden, weitestgehend vermieden werden.According to the invention, a nozzle is provided in the combustion chamber base, which serves on the one hand for receiving an electrical ignition device and on the other hand opens into a first fuel supply device and a first combustion air supply device. The arrangement of the nozzle in the combustion chamber floor ensures that both the fuel introduced into the nozzle and the combustion air flow axially outward from the nozzle into the combustion chamber interior. Due to the axially aligned, low-turbulence flow of the ignitable gas mixture introduced in the nozzle area, its flammability has proven to be particularly reliable. The further supply of fuel and combustion air required to generate the burner energy takes place through the combustion chamber jacket, so that the ignitability of the ignition mixture formed in the connection piece is adversely affected by the large amounts of fuel and combustion air supplied in the connection piece which are supplied through the combustion chamber casing , largely avoided.

Durch die besondere Ausbildung der Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung im Brennkammermantel wird erreicht, daß eine zumindest teilweise tangential ausgerichtete Verbrennungsluft-Strömung auf die durch den Brennkammermantel eingeleitete Brennstoffmenge trifft und diese verwirbelt. Durch die Verwirbelung wird eine besonders homogene Ausbildung des Gemisches erreicht, das durch die von dem im Stutzen gebildeten Zündgemisch erzeugten Pilotflamme leicht und gleichmäßig zündbar ist.The special design of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket ensures that an at least partially tangentially oriented combustion air flow hits and swirls the fuel quantity introduced through the combustion chamber jacket. The swirling results in a particularly homogeneous formation of the mixture which can be ignited easily and uniformly by the pilot flame generated by the pilot mixture formed in the nozzle.

Die homogene Ausbildung des durch den Brennstoff und die Verbrennungsluft, die durch den Brennkammermantel zugeführt werden, gebildeten Hauptgemisches sorgt jedoch nicht nur für eine schnelle und gleichmäßige Entzündbarkeit, sondern auch für einen hohen Brennkammer-Wirkungsgrad.However, the homogeneous formation of the main mixture formed by the fuel and the combustion air, which are supplied through the combustion chamber jacket, not only ensures rapid and uniform flammability, but also high combustion chamber efficiency.

Für die Ausbildung der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung im Brennkammermantel stehen verschiedene Alternativen zur Wahl. Gemäß einer Alternative kann die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung als eine Brennstoff-Wandauftragungseinrichtung ausgeführt sein, bei der die Zuführung des Brennstoffes in die Brennkammer mittels Zuführöffnungen im Brennkammermantel erfolgt, durch die eine Benetzung der Brennkammerinnenwand mit Brennstoff erfolgen kann. Bei dieser Art der Brennstoffzuführung erfolgt die Ausbildung des Hauptgemisches in der Brennkammer im wesentlichen durch eine Verdampfung des auf die Brennkammerinnenwand aufgetragenen Brennstoffs. Hierbei erweist es sich als zweckmäßig, die entsprechenden Zuführöffnungen möglichst in der Nähe des Brennkammerbodens vorzusehen, damit die durch das Zündgemisch im Stutzen gebildete Pilotflamme zur Verdampfung des Brennstoffes beitragen kann. Hierdurch kann die Verdampfung im wesentlichen ohne vorherige Aufheizung der Brennkammer erfolgen.There are various alternatives for the design of the fuel supply device in the combustion chamber jacket. According to an alternative, the fuel supply device can be designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is fed into the combustion chamber by means of feed openings in the combustion chamber jacket, through which the combustion chamber inner wall can be wetted with fuel. With this type of fuel supply, the main mixture is formed in the combustion chamber essentially by evaporation of the fuel applied to the inner wall of the combustion chamber. In this case, it proves expedient to provide the corresponding feed openings as close as possible to the bottom of the combustion chamber, so that the pilot flame formed by the ignition mixture in the nozzle can contribute to the evaporation of the fuel. As a result, the evaporation can take place essentially without prior heating of the combustion chamber.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Brennstoffzuführung durch den Brennkammermantel besteht darin, die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung als eine Brennstoff-Raumeinbringungseinrichtung auszugestalten, mittels derer es möglich ist, den Brennstoff in den Brennkammerinnenraum gerichtet einzubringen. Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn das Einbringen des Brennstoffes hierbei mit Abstand von der Brennkammerinnenwand erfolgt, da somit der Brennstoff unmittelbar in die von der Brennkammerinnenwand durch eine im wesentlichen laminare oder wenig turbulente Randzone ausgebildete hochturbulente Zone der Brennkammer eingebracht werden kann. Hierdurch läßt sich eine gute Durchmischung möglichst schnell erzielen.Another possibility of supplying fuel through the combustion chamber jacket is to design the fuel supply device as a fuel space introduction device, by means of which it is possible to introduce the fuel into the combustion chamber interior in a directed manner. In this context, it proves to be particularly advantageous if the introduction of the fuel this takes place at a distance from the combustion chamber inner wall, since the fuel can thus be introduced directly into the highly turbulent zone of the combustion chamber formed by the combustion chamber inner wall through an essentially laminar or less turbulent edge zone. As a result, good mixing can be achieved as quickly as possible.

Darüber hinaus besteht die Möglichkeit, die Brennstoff-Wandauftragung mit der Brennstoff-Raumeinbringung zu kombinieren, um somit für die Ausbildung eines homogenen Gemisches in der Brennkammer einerseits durch Verdampfung von Brennstoff und andererseits durch turbulente Vermischung desselben zu sorgen.In addition, there is the possibility of combining the fuel wall application with the fuel space supply in order to ensure the formation of a homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber on the one hand by evaporation of fuel and on the other hand by turbulent mixing thereof.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer ist die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung im Brennkammermantel durch ein ringförmiges Brennkammermantel-Element gebildet, das mit zumindest einer tangential ausgerichteten Zuführöffnung versehen ist. Das Brennkammermantel-Element kann als integraler Bestandteil des Brennkammermantels oder auch eigenständig ausgebildet sein. Im letzteren Fall ist ein modularer Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer möglich, so daß etwa ein konventionelles Brennkammer-Element mit dem Brennkammermantel-Element zu einer erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer ergänzt werden kann.In a preferred embodiment of the combustion chamber according to the invention, the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber casing is formed by an annular combustion chamber casing element which is provided with at least one tangentially oriented supply opening. The combustion chamber jacket element can be designed as an integral part of the combustion chamber jacket or independently. In the latter case, a modular construction of the combustion chamber according to the invention is possible, so that, for example, a conventional combustion chamber element can be supplemented with the combustion chamber casing element to form a combustion chamber according to the invention.

Alternativ zu der vorstehend genannten Anordnung der zweiten Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung ist es auch möglich, die zweite oder eine weitere Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung aus einem ringförmigen Brennkammermantel-Element zu bilden, das mit zumindest einem tangential in das Brennkammermantel-Element einmündenden Zuführrohr versehen ist, wobei die zweite oder eine weitere Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung in das Zuführrohr einmündet. Hierdurch ist die Möglichkeit gegeben, das Verbrennungsgemisch oder zumindest einen Teil des Verbrennungsgemisches außerhalb des Brennkammermantels zu bilden.As an alternative to the above-mentioned arrangement of the second combustion air supply device, it is also possible to form the second or a further combustion air supply device from an annular combustion chamber jacket element which has at least one tangential into the combustion chamber jacket element is provided, the second or another fuel supply device opens into the supply pipe. This enables the combustion mixture or at least part of the combustion mixture to be formed outside the combustion chamber jacket.

Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn das Zuführrohr der Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung mit mindestens zwei voneinander beabstandet in den Brennkammerinnenraum einmündenden Zuführöffnungen versehen ist, so daß eine Einströmung von Verbrennungsluft unter unterschiedlichen Einströmwinkeln erzielt werden kann. Die Folge hiervon ist eine besonders gute Durchmischung der unter unterschiedlichen Winkeln aufeinandertreffenden Luftströmungen in der Brennkammer bzw. eine Durchmischung von bereits in der Brennkammer befindlichem Brenngas mittels der auf das Brenngas auftreffenden Luftströmungen.It proves to be particularly advantageous if the feed pipe of the combustion air supply device is provided with at least two feed openings opening into the combustion chamber interior at a distance from one another, so that an inflow of combustion air can be achieved at different inflow angles. The result of this is a particularly good mixing of the air flows that meet at different angles in the combustion chamber or a mixing of fuel gas already in the combustion chamber by means of the air flows that strike the fuel gas.

In dem Fall, daß die zweite oder weitere Brennstoffzuführeinrichtung zwischen den zwei Zuführöffnungen in das Zuführrohr einmündet, ist eine Aufteilung des durch das Zuführrohr zum Brennkammerinnenraum geleiteten Verbrennungsluftstromes in einen reinen Verbrennungsluftstrom, der in Strömungsrichtung gesehen vor der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintritt, und einen Verbrennungsgemischstrom, der in Strömungsrichtung gesehen hinter der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintritt, möglich.In the event that the second or further fuel supply device opens into the supply pipe between the two supply openings, the combustion air flow directed through the supply pipe to the combustion chamber interior is divided into a pure combustion air flow which, viewed in the flow direction, enters the combustion chamber interior in front of the fuel supply device, and a mixed combustion stream which, viewed in the direction of flow, enters the combustion chamber interior behind the fuel supply device.

Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn im Zuführrohr, der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung in Strömungsrichtung gesehen nachgeordnet, eine Zündeinrichtung vorgesehen wird. Hierdurch ist bereits außerhalb des eigentlichen Brennkammerinnenraums eine Entzündung des Verbrennungsgemisches im Zuführrohr möglich. Es wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, daß die Zündeinrichtung im Zuführrohr auch unabhängig von der im Brennkammerboden angeordneten Zündeinrichtung betrieben werden kann, und demzufolge eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkammer auch ohne die Zündeinrichtung im Brennkammerboden, sondern lediglich mit der Zündeinrichtung im Zuführrohr ausgestattet sein kann.It proves to be particularly advantageous if, in the feed pipe, the fuel feed device in Seen downstream flow direction, an ignition device is provided. As a result, ignition of the combustion mixture in the feed pipe is possible outside the actual combustion chamber interior. It is expressly pointed out that the ignition device in the supply pipe can also be operated independently of the ignition device arranged in the combustion chamber floor, and consequently a combustion chamber according to the invention can also be equipped without the ignition device in the combustion chamber floor, but only with the ignition device in the supply pipe.

Innenseitig im Brennkammermantel können im Bereich des Brennkammermantel-Elements Pralleinrichtungen vorgesehen werden, die zu einer Drosselung der Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit des durch das Zuführrohr eintretenden Luftstroms und zu einer Erhöhung der Turbulenzbildung im Bereich des eintretenden Verbrennungsluftstroms führen. Beide Effekte tragen dazu bei, daß eine bessere Gemischbildung im Brennkammerinnenraum erreicht wird. Ferner trägt die Anordnung der Pralleinrichtungen an bezeichneter Stelle dazu bei, daß, insbesondere infolge der Drosselung der Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit, Strömungsgeräusche zumindest teilweise unterdrückt werden.On the inside of the combustion chamber jacket, impact devices can be provided in the area of the combustion chamber jacket element, which lead to a throttling of the entry velocity of the air flow entering through the supply pipe and to an increase in turbulence formation in the area of the incoming combustion air flow. Both effects help to achieve a better mixture formation in the combustion chamber interior. Furthermore, the arrangement of the impact devices at the designated point contributes to the fact that flow noises are at least partially suppressed, in particular as a result of the throttling of the entry speed.

Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn die Pralleinrichtungen am Innenumfang des Brennkammermantel-Elements verteilt angeordnet sind, da sich durch diese Anordnung eine besonders hohe Effektivität der Pralleinrichtungen erzielen läßt.It proves to be particularly advantageous if the baffle devices are arranged distributed around the inner circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element, since this arrangement enables the baffle devices to be particularly effective.

Der Wirkungsgrad der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer läßt sich noch weiter dadurch erhöhen, daß am strömungsabseitigen Ende der Brennkammer ein Diffusor vorgesehen wird. Der Diffusor ist mit einer weiteren Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung versehen, so daß es möglich ist, Verbrennungsluft, die durch die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung im Brennkammermantel eingetreten ist, ohne für die Verbrennung des durch den Brennkammermantel zugeführten Brennstoffs verbraucht worden zu sein, im Diffusor für eine Art Nachverbrennung zu nutzen. Durch die Nachschaltung des Diffusors läßt sich also insgesamt gesehen auch bei einer wie im vorliegenden Falls als Wirbel-Brennkammer ausgebildeten Brennkammer eine stöchiometrische Verbrennung erzielen.The efficiency of the combustion chamber according to the invention can be increased even further by providing a diffuser at the downstream end of the combustion chamber. The diffuser is with a further fuel supply device, so that it is possible to use combustion air, which has entered through the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket, without having been consumed for the combustion of the fuel supplied through the combustion chamber jacket, in the diffuser for a kind of afterburning. By connecting the diffuser in total, stoichiometric combustion can thus be achieved even in a combustion chamber designed as a vortex combustion chamber in the present case.

Der Eintrittsöffnung des Diffusors strömungsaufseitig gegenüberliegend kann als turbulenzerhöhende Maßnahme eine Prall-Einrichtung angeordnet werden.A baffle device can be arranged opposite the inlet opening of the diffuser on the flow side as a measure to increase turbulence.

Der Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung im Brennkammermantel kann eine Eintrittsblende vorgeordnet werden. Darüber hinaus kann der Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung nachgeordnet eine Austrittsblende vorgesehen werden, die gleichzeitig die Eintrittsöffnung des Diffusors bildet.An inlet cover can be arranged upstream of the combustion air supply device in the combustion chamber jacket. In addition, an outlet orifice can be provided downstream of the combustion air supply device and at the same time forms the inlet opening of the diffuser.

Aus GB-A-2 156 965 ist zwar eine Brennkammer der eingangs genannten Art bekannt. Bei dieser Brennkammer ist jedoch der Zündstutzen seitlich, d.h. radial angebracht. Die Brennstoffzufuhr erfolgt nur über den Zündstutzen. Die Zündluft wird nicht von extern zugeführt. Die bekannte Stutzenanordnung ist in gewissem Sinne nachteilig bei Brennkammern, welche bei unterschiedlicher Luftmassenzufuhr starten müssen, da im wandnahen Bereich hohe Geschwindigkeiten entstehen können, die ein Zünden und Starten verhindern.From GB-A-2 156 965 a combustion chamber of the type mentioned is known. In this combustion chamber, however, the ignition nozzle is attached laterally, ie radially. The fuel is supplied only via the ignition nozzle. The pilot air is not supplied externally. The known nozzle arrangement is in a sense disadvantageous for combustion chambers which have to start with different air mass supply, since high speeds can occur in the area near the wall, which prevent ignition and starting.

Die ferner aus DE-A-37 28 712 bekannte Brennkammer besitzt keinen Brennkammerboden mit Zündstutzen nach Art der Erfindung. Sie ist eine im Abgasstrom angeordnete Zerstäuberbrennkammer, bei der der Brennstoff und die Luft vorgemischt und dann der Düse zugeführt werden. Der Hilfszünder ist ein Zerstäuberbrenner, welcher mit Funken und Zusatzluft gezündet wird.The combustion chamber also known from DE-A-37 28 712 does not have a combustion chamber base with an ignition socket according to the type of the invention. It is an atomizer combustion chamber arranged in the exhaust gas flow, in which the fuel and the air are premixed and then fed to the nozzle. The auxiliary igniter is an atomizer burner which is ignited with sparks and additional air.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Brennkammer mit einem Brennkammermantel-Element und einem diesem nachgeschalteten Diffusor in Längsschnittdarstellung;
Fig. 2
eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Brennkammermantel-Elements.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the combustion chamber according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a combustion chamber with a combustion chamber casing element and a diffuser connected downstream thereof in a longitudinal sectional view;
Fig. 2
an alternative embodiment of a combustion chamber jacket element.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Brennkammer 10 mit einem Brennkammerboden 11, einem Brennkammermantel 12 und einem dem Brennkammerboden 11 gegenüberliegend angeordneten Diffusor 13, der bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel den strömungsabseitigen Abschluß der Brennkammer 10 bildet. 1 shows a combustion chamber 10 with a combustion chamber base 11, a combustion chamber jacket 12 and a diffuser 13 arranged opposite the combustion chamber base 11, which in the embodiment shown here forms the flow-side closure of the combustion chamber 10.

Im Brennkammerboden 11 ist ein Stutzen 14 angeordnet, der zur Aufnahme einer elektrischen Zündeinrichtung 15 dient, und in den eine erste Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 16 und eine erste Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 17 einmünden.In the combustion chamber base 11, a nozzle 14 is arranged, which serves to receive an electrical ignition device 15 and into which a first fuel supply device 16 and a first combustion air supply device 17 open.

Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel münden die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 16 und die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 17 quer zum auf der Längsachse der Brennkammer 10 angeordneten Stutzen 14 in diesen ein. Genauso ist es natürlich möglich, daß die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 16 und die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 17 parallel zur Längsachse der Brennkammer 10 in den Stutzen eingeführt werden, oder auch, daß eine der beiden Zuführeinrichtungen quer zur anderen in den Stutzen 14 einmündet.In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 open into the connecting piece 14 arranged on the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10 in the latter. In the same way, it is of course also possible for the fuel supply device 16 and the combustion air supply device 17 to be introduced into the connection piece parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 10, or for one of the two supply devices to open into the connection piece 14 transversely to the other.

Am Brennkammermantel 12 ist eine weitere Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 18 bzw. 19 angeordnet, die zwar hier nebeneinander angeordnet in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind, jedoch auch einzeln, also unabhängig voneinander, am Brennkammermantel 12 vorgesehen werden können.A further fuel supply device 18 or 19 is arranged on the combustion chamber jacket 12, which are shown here side by side in the drawing, but can also be provided individually, that is to say independently of one another, on the combustion chamber jacket 12.

Die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 18 ist als eine Brennstoff-Wandauftragungseinrichtung ausgeführt, bei der der Brennstoff durch eine oder auch mehrere am Umfang verteilt angeordnete Zuführöffnungen 20 zur Benetzung der Brennkammerinnenwand angeordnet sind. Die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 19 ist als eine Brennstoff-Raumeinbringungseinrichtung ausgeführt, bei der in die Brennkammer 10 hineinragende Zuführstutzen 21 über den Umfang verteilt angeordnet sind, durch die der Brennstoff, etwa durch Einsprühen, in die Brennkammer eingebracht werden kann.The fuel supply device 18 is designed as a fuel wall application device, in which the fuel is arranged through one or more feed openings 20 arranged around the circumference for wetting the combustion chamber inner wall. The fuel supply device 19 is designed as a fuel space introduction device, in which supply nozzles 21 projecting into the combustion chamber 10 are distributed over the circumference, through which the fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber, for example by spraying.

Neben den jeweils einzeln oder auch gemeinsam am Brennkammermantel 12 angeordneten Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtungen 18, 19 ist im Brennkammermantel 12 eine Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 vorgesehen. Die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 weist mehrere über den Umfang des Brennkammermantels verteilt angeordnete Zuführöffnungen 23 auf, durch die Verbrennungsluft im wesentlichen tangential in die Brennkammer 10 einbringbar ist.In addition to the fuel supply devices 18, 19 arranged individually or jointly on the combustion chamber jacket 12, a combustion air supply device 22 is provided in the combustion chamber jacket 12. The combustion air supply device 22 has a plurality of supply openings 23 which are distributed over the circumference of the combustion chamber jacket and through which combustion air can be introduced into the combustion chamber 10 essentially tangentially.

Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 als ein Brennkammermantel-Element ausgebildet, das mit einer Eintrittsblende 24 versehen an bzw. in den Brennkammermantel 12 an- bzw. eingesetzt ist.In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the combustion air supply device 22 is designed as a combustion chamber jacket element which is provided with an inlet panel 24 on or in the combustion chamber jacket 12.

Den strömungsabseitigen Abschluß der Brennkammer 10 bildet der Diffusor 13, dessen Eintrittsöffnung als Austrittsblende 25 ausgebildet ist, und der mit dieser in den Brennkammermantel 12 bzw. das Brennkammermantel-Element 22 eingesetzt ist. Der Diffusor 13 ist im Bereich seiner Eintrittsöffnung, also der Austrittsblende 25, mit einer weiteren Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 26, hier nach Art der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 19, versehen.The downstream end of the combustion chamber 10 is formed by the diffuser 13, the inlet opening of which is designed as an outlet diaphragm 25 and which is inserted with it into the combustion chamber jacket 12 or the combustion chamber jacket element 22. The diffuser 13 is provided in the region of its inlet opening, that is to say the outlet panel 25, with a further fuel feed device 26, here in the manner of the fuel feed device 19.

Zur Anordnung der Brennkammer 10 in einem hier nicht näher dargestellten Brenner ist diese in einen Aufnahmeflansch 27 des Brennergehäuses eingesetzt.To arrange the combustion chamber 10 in a burner, not shown here, it is inserted into a receiving flange 27 of the burner housing.

Zur Erhöhung der Turbulenzen in der als Wirbel-Brennkammer ausgeführten Brennkammer 10 sind verschiedene Einrichtungen, wie eine Turbulenzkante 28 an der Einmündung des Stutzens 14 in den Brennkammerboden 11, eine Turbulenzkante 29 am Ausgang des Diffusors 13 und eine Prall-Scheibe 30 im Inneren der Brennkammer 10 vorgesehen. Während des Betriebs der Brennkammer wird die Prall-Scheibe 30 rotglühend und wirkt daher als Glüh- bzw. Zündelement.To increase the turbulence in the combustion chamber 10, which is designed as a vortex combustion chamber, there are various devices, such as a turbulence edge 28 at the junction of the nozzle 14 in the combustion chamber floor 11, a turbulence edge 29 at the outlet of the diffuser 13 and a baffle plate 30 inside the combustion chamber 10 provided. During operation of the combustion chamber, the baffle plate 30 becomes red-hot and therefore acts as a glow or ignition element.

Durch die Ausbildung des Stutzens 14 im Brennkammerboden 11 und die in den Stutzen 14 einmündenden Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 16 und Verbrennungsluft-Zufuhreinrichtung 17 kann im Stutzenraum ein zündfähiges Gemisch gebildet werden, das nach Zündung durch die Zündeinrichtung 15 das Entstehen einer Pilotflamme ermöglicht. Da das Zündgemisch im Stutzenraum innerhalb eines strömungsberuhigten Bereichs gezündet wird, ist ein sicheres Zünden des Zündgemisches unabhängig von den Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten der durch die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 im Brennkammermantel 12 zugeHauptverbrennungsluft möglich. Die tangential in die Brennkammer 10 durch die Zuführöffnungen 23 eingegebene Hauptverbrennungsluft bildet zusammen mit dem durch die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 18 und/oder 19 eingegebenen Hauptbrennstoffanteil das Hauptgemisch, das durch die mittels des Zündgemisches gebildete Pilotflamme gezündet werden kann.Due to the formation of the nozzle 14 in the combustion chamber floor 11 and the fuel feed device 16 and combustion air supply device 17 opening into the nozzle 14, an ignitable mixture can be formed in the nozzle space, which enables the ignition of a pilot flame after ignition by the ignition device 15. Since the ignition mixture is ignited in the nozzle chamber within a flow-restricted area, reliable ignition of the ignition mixture is independent of the flow velocities of the main combustion air supplied by the combustion air supply device 22 in the combustion chamber jacket 12 possible. The main combustion air entered tangentially into the combustion chamber 10 through the supply openings 23 forms, together with the main fuel fraction input through the fuel supply device 18 and / or 19, the main mixture which can be ignited by the pilot flame formed by means of the ignition mixture.

Da ein Teil der durch die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 in die Brennkammer 10 eingeführten Hauptverbrennungsluft strömungsabseitig abgeführt wird, ohne an der Verbrennung des über die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 18 und/oder 19 eingegebenen Brennstoffes teilzuhaben, wird in dem der Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 nachgeschalteten Diffusor 13 weiterer Brennstoff durch die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 26 zugeführt, so daß im wesentlichen die gesamte durch die Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung 22 in die Brennkammer eingeführte Luft zur Verbrennung genutzt wird.Since part of the main combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber 10 through the combustion air supply device 22 is discharged downstream of the flow without participating in the combustion of the fuel input via the fuel supply device 18 and / or 19, the diffuser 13 downstream of the combustion air supply device 22 is additional fuel is supplied by the fuel supply device 26, so that essentially all of the air introduced into the combustion chamber by the combustion air supply device 22 is used for combustion.

Fig. 2 zeigt in alternativer Ausführung eine als Brennkammermantel-Element 31 ausgebildete zweite Verbrennungsluft-Zuführeinrichtung, in die tangential ein Zuführrohr 32 einmündet. Das Zuführrohr 32 ist in seinem mündungsseitigen Endbereich 33 mit einer seitlich in den Endbereich 33 einmündenden Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 34 versehen. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich strömungsabseitig von der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 34 zwei in den Brennkammerinnenraum einmündende Zuführöffnungen 35, 36. 2 shows, in an alternative embodiment, a second combustion air supply device designed as a combustion chamber jacket element 31, into which a supply pipe 32 opens tangentially. The feed pipe 32 is provided in its mouth-side end area 33 with a fuel feed device 34 which opens laterally into the end area 33. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , two feed openings 35, 36 opening into the combustion chamber interior are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34.

Die in Fig. 2 eingezeichneten Pfeile 37 und 38 sollen die Richtungen der aus den Zuführöffnungen 35 und 36 in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintretenden Strömungen andeuten. Durch diese Darstellung wird offensichtlich, daß durch die unter unterschiedlichen Eintrittswinkeln in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintretenden Strömungen eine besonders gute Durchmischung erreicht wird.The arrows 37 and 38 shown in FIG. 2 are intended to indicate the directions of those entering the combustion chamber interior from the feed openings 35 and 36 Indicate currents. It is evident from this illustration that particularly good mixing is achieved by the flows entering the combustion chamber interior at different entry angles.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich beide Zuführöffnungen 35 und 36 strömungsabseitig der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 34. Daher tritt durch beide Zuführöffnungen ein zündfähiges Gemisch in den Brennkammerinnenraum ein. Um dieses zündfähige Gemisch bereits im Zuführrohr 32 zu zünden, kann eine, in Fig. 2 nicht dargestellte, Zündeinrichtung strömungsabseitig der Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 34 vorgesehen sein.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , both supply openings 35 and 36 are located downstream of the fuel supply device 34. An ignitable mixture therefore enters the combustion chamber interior through both supply openings. In order to ignite this ignitable mixture in the supply pipe 32, an ignition device ( not shown in FIG. 2) can be provided downstream of the fuel supply device 34.

Natürlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Brennstoff-Zuführeinrichtung 34 zwischen den Zuführöffnungen 35 und 36 anzuordnen, so daß durch die Zuführöffnung 36 ein zündfähiges Verbrennungsgemisch - oder bei Vorhandensein einer Zündeinrichtung ein entzündetes Verbrennungsgemisch - in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintritt und durch die Zuführöffnung 35 lediglich Verbrennungsluft in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintritt.Of course, there is also the possibility of arranging the fuel supply device 34 between the supply openings 35 and 36, so that an ignitable combustion mixture - or, in the presence of an ignition device, an ignited combustion mixture - enters the combustion chamber interior and only combustion air enters through the supply opening 35 through the supply opening 36 enters the combustion chamber interior.

Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, sind innenseitig am Brennkammermantel-Element 31 Pralleinrichtungen in Form von in den Brennkammerinnenraum hineinragenden Stegen 39 vorgesehen. Die Stege 39 bewirken einen Geschwindigkeitsabfall und eine Verwirbelung der durch die Zuführöffnung 36 eintretenden Strömung. In Fig. 2 sind die Stege 39 lediglich über einen Viertelumfang des Brennkammermantel-Elements 31 verteilt angeordnet. Jedoch kann sich auch eine weiterreichende, etwa auch eine Anordnung über den gesamten Umfang, als sinnvoll erweisen.As shown in FIG. 2 , impact devices in the form of webs 39 projecting into the combustion chamber interior are provided on the inside of the combustion chamber jacket element 31. The webs 39 cause a drop in speed and a swirling of the flow entering through the feed opening 36. In FIG. 2 , the webs 39 are only distributed over a quarter circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element 31. However, a more extensive one, such as an arrangement over the entire circumference, can also be useful.

Neben den geschilderten vorteilhaften Wirkungen der Stege 39 tragen diese auch zu einer Erhöhung der Verweildauer der in den Brennkammerinnenraum eintretenden Verbrennungsluft oder Verbrennungsgemischströmung vor deren Austritt durch die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Austrittsblende 25 bei, so daß eine möglichst vollständige Verbrennung im Brennkammerinnenraum bereits vor Austritt der Verbrennungsluft bzw. des Verbrennungsluftgemisches über die Austrittsblende 25 in den möglicherweise nachgeschalteten Diffusor 13 erfolgt.In addition to the described advantageous effects of the webs 39, these also contribute to an increase in the dwell time of the combustion air or combustion mixture flow entering the combustion chamber interior before it exits through the outlet orifice 25 shown in FIG. 1 , so that the combustion in the interior of the combustion chamber is as complete as possible before the outlet Combustion air or the combustion air mixture takes place via the outlet panel 25 into the possibly downstream diffuser 13.

Claims (15)

  1. A combustion chamber (10), in particular for a burner used for regenerating a particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust device, having a combustion chamber base (11) and a combustion chamber jacket (12), in which arrangement
    (a) there is arranged in the combustion chamber base (11) a connection piece (14) for receiving an electrical ignition means (15);
    (b) the connection piece (14) is provided with a first fuel supply means (16) and a first combustion air supply means (17);
    (c) there is provided in the combustion chamber jacket (12) a second combustion air supply means (22) which is constructed such that a flow of combustion air emerging therefrom has a flow component which is directed tangentially into the combustion chamber; and
    (d) the combustion chamber jacket (12) is provided with a second fuel supply means (18, 19).
  2. A combustion chamber according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second fuel supply means has a means (18) for applying fuel to the walls which has at least one supply opening (20) arranged in the combustion chamber jacket.
  3. A combustion chamber according to Claim 2, characterized in that the means (18) for applying fuel to the walls is arranged in a region of the combustion chamber jacket (12) adjacent to the combustion chamber base (11).
  4. A combustion chamber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second fuel supply means has a means (19) for introducing fuel into the chamber, which means (19) has at least one supply opening arranged, preferably spaced from the combustion chamber jacket (12), in the combustion chamber interior.
  5. A combustion chamber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second combustion air supply means is formed by an annular combustion chamber jacket element (22) which is provided with at least one tangentially directed supply opening (23).
  6. A combustion chamber according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second, or a further, combustion air supply means is formed by an annular combustion chamber jacket element (31) which is provided with at least one supply pipe (32) leading tangentially into the combustion chamber jacket element (31), and in that the second, or a further, fuel supply means (34) leads into the supply pipe (32).
  7. A combustion chamber according to Claim 6, characterized in that the supply pipe (32) is provided with at least two supply openings (35, 36) which are spaced from one another, lead into the combustion chamber interior and enable combustion air or a combustion air mixture to flow in at different flowing-in angles.
  8. A combustion chamber according to Claim 7, characterized in that the second, or further, fuel supply means (34) leads into the supply pipe (32) between two supply openings (35, 36).
  9. A combustion chamber according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that an ignition means is provided in the supply pipe (32), arranged downstream, as seen in the direction of flow, of the second, or further, fuel supply means (34).
  10. A combustion chamber according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that impact means (39) are provided inside the combustion chamber jacket (12) in the region of the combustion chamber jacket element (31).
  11. A combustion chamber according to Claim 10, characterized in that the impact means (39) are arranged distributed on the internal circumference of the combustion chamber jacket element (31).
  12. A combustion chamber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a diffuser (13) is provided on the outflow end of the combustion chamber (10).
  13. A combustion chamber according to Claim 12, characterized in that an impact means (30) is arranged in the combustion chamber (10) opposite the entry opening of the diffuser (13) on the inflow side.
  14. A combustion chamber according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that there is provided in the region of the entry opening of the diffuser (13) a further fuel supply means (26) which is preferably constructed as a means for introducing fuel into the chamber.
  15. A combustion chamber according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an entry orifice (24) is arranged upstream of the second combustion air supply means (22), and an exit orifice (25), which preferably forms the entry opening of the diffuser (13) at the same time, is arranged downstream of the second combustion air supply means (22).
EP93108911A 1992-06-05 1993-06-03 Combustion chamber, particularly for regenerating the particle filter in a motor vehicle exhaust device Expired - Lifetime EP0573028B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4218629A DE4218629A1 (en) 1992-06-05 1992-06-05 Combustion chamber, in particular for particle filter regeneration in a motor vehicle exhaust system
DE4218629 1992-06-05

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EP0573028A2 EP0573028A2 (en) 1993-12-08
EP0573028A3 EP0573028A3 (en) 1994-03-09
EP0573028B1 true EP0573028B1 (en) 1996-12-27

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DE4319213C2 (en) * 1993-06-09 1995-04-20 Eberspaecher J Burner for engine-independent heating of a arranged in the exhaust line of a vehicle engine catalyst
DE19812561C5 (en) * 1998-03-21 2006-02-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Liquid fuel heater, especially for motor vehicles
DE10221495B4 (en) * 2002-05-14 2004-03-11 Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh Burner for a heater
DE10227810B4 (en) * 2002-06-21 2004-08-26 Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh Burner for a heater with a baffle plate
DE102016116687B4 (en) 2016-09-07 2019-12-05 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber assembly for an evaporator burner

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JPS5214373B1 (en) * 1971-06-02 1977-04-21
US4383411A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-05-17 General Motors Corporation Diesel exhaust cleaner with burner vortex chamber
DE3410716A1 (en) * 1984-03-23 1985-10-03 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR HEATING EQUIPMENT
DE3728712A1 (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-09 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik BURNER FOR HEAVY-FLAMMABLE MIXTURES
DE4130377A1 (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-18 Eberspaecher J BURNER FOR DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST PARTICLE FILTER

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DE59304860D1 (en) 1997-02-06
EP0573028A2 (en) 1993-12-08
DE4218629A1 (en) 1993-12-16
ATE146869T1 (en) 1997-01-15
EP0573028A3 (en) 1994-03-09

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