EP0571796A1 - Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation - Google Patents

Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0571796A1
EP0571796A1 EP93107460A EP93107460A EP0571796A1 EP 0571796 A1 EP0571796 A1 EP 0571796A1 EP 93107460 A EP93107460 A EP 93107460A EP 93107460 A EP93107460 A EP 93107460A EP 0571796 A1 EP0571796 A1 EP 0571796A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
surface protective
spraying
materials
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93107460A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0571796B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich
Heinrich Prof.Dr. Kreye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0571796A1 publication Critical patent/EP0571796A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0571796B1 publication Critical patent/EP0571796B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surface protective layer with high wear resistance and at the same time high-quality corrosion protection properties and associated manufacturing processes.
  • a main goal of the production of surface layers on metallic workpieces is to increase the mechanical wear resistance of workpieces, for example of shafts subjected to friction.
  • the application of such wear-resistant layers is often accomplished today with thermal spray processes, such as autogenous flame spraying and high-speed flame spraying, arc and plasma spraying, detonation spraying and laser spraying in very good qualities (see yearbook surface technology, Vol.48, article “Thermal spraying - Facts and state of the art "v. P.Heinrich).
  • Common materials that provide wear-resistant layers are included on the one hand, pure materials, such as molybdenum and manganese, alloy materials, such as chromium steels, and furthermore composite or composite injection materials, such as, for example, tungsten carbides enclosed in cobalt.
  • All of these spray materials can be used as powder or in wire or rod form.
  • the respective spray material is applied in particles at high speed to the surface to be coated, with a melting or at least a melting of these particles on the transport path, which is caused by the respective energy supply - fuel gas, light or plasma arc, .. .- is effected.
  • a special variant in the production of surface layers by thermal spraying methods is that after the actual spraying process, a melting process is carried out, i.e. a second process step, which is associated with a second heating of the applied layer, which means layers with higher adhesion, tightness but with an additional one thermal stress on the respective component.
  • wear-resistant surface layers that can be produced, however, there are deficits if, in addition to the "wear resistance” property, a further requirement, namely corrosion protection capability, is required.
  • Known wear protection layers have the disadvantage that, because of their porous structure, these layers are not gas- and liquid-tight and consequently their subsurface is not protected against corrosion.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a surface protection layer which satisfies both high wear resistance and corrosion protection requirements. An associated manufacturing process must also be specified.
  • This object is achieved by means of a surface protection layer which has a lower layer which is directly seated on the respective component material and serves to protect against corrosion and which has an upper layer made of a wear-resistant material thereon.
  • the lower layer advantageously consists of a low-melting, metallic material, preferably of nickel-tin, copper-tin, nickel-phosphorus or lead.
  • a low-melting, metallic material preferably of nickel-tin, copper-tin, nickel-phosphorus or lead.
  • Materials that can be advantageously applied using thermal spraying methods such as chrome steel, molybdenum, manganese, oxide-ceramic materials or carbides, oxides or other hard materials, are particularly suitable for the top layer (e.g. also so-called cermets).
  • a layer application by welding is also possible in principle (see e.g. DE-OS 40 08 091).
  • Such double layers have proven to be particularly corrosion-protecting and, at the same time, extremely wear-resistant in a large number of tests and relevant tests, for example the Kesternich test or the salt spray test.
  • the underlayer materials to be selected in particular according to the high level of tightness against liquids and gases ensure the corrosion protection of the substrate material, while on the other hand the top layers to be used have to ensure the desired wear resistance.
  • the mechanical connection and adhesion between the two layers also meet all requirements. More positive Properties of a surface layer according to the invention consist in good adhesion even in the area of workpiece edges and in a low surface roughness.
  • a suitable method for producing such a two-layer surface protection layer is that both the lower layer and the upper layer are produced using a thermal spraying method, preferably flame spraying or high-speed flame spraying.
  • Another advantageous manufacturing process is characterized in that the lower layer to be initially applied to a component is applied by chemical or electrolytic deposition, while the upper layer is then again produced using a thermal spraying process, preferably high-speed flame spraying.
  • the sub-layer can advantageously be applied by one of the thermal spray processes (flame spraying, plasma spraying, arc spraying, detonation spraying, laser spraying).
  • the two flame spraying methods namely flame spraying and high-speed flame spraying, are particularly advantageous in the calculation between cost and the quality to be aimed for.
  • the appropriate spray materials for example a Ni-Sn alloy or a Cu-Sn alloy, are used.
  • a composite powder ie a spray material in which the metals which are to form the desired layer in the form of an alloy are contained in elementary form.
  • a powder mixture applicable from the components of the alloy to be formed. In the case of the composite powders and the powder mixtures, the alloying either takes place during the spraying process itself, or it can be brought about by a suitable, subsequent heat treatment in an oven or with a flame.
  • the other options for applying an underlayer are electrolytic application or chemical deposition of appropriate materials on the respective component (chemical deposition means: material is deposited on a surface-activated component from a solution).
  • the formation of the lower layer can take place directly by the deposition of the respective alloy, or the materials forming the desired alloy are applied in two successive steps and layers and the alloy in turn is subjected to a thermal aftertreatment with a flame or in one Oven (as above!).
  • the wear-resistant upper layer is applied.
  • This is advantageously formed from chromium steel, molybdenum, manganese, oxide-ceramic materials or carbides, oxides or other materials containing hard materials, wherein in particular the cermets consisting of metal-ceramic compounds and also containing hard materials can also be used.
  • the most suitable material can be selected depending on the respective application.
  • the layer is applied very cheaply using one of the known thermal spray processes (flame spraying, ..., plasma spraying, etc. ...), with high-speed flame spraying being particularly advantageous can be classified, since this process can be used to produce layers in the desired, high quality, especially very compact and abrasion-resistant layers, with reasonable investment outlay.
  • the protective layers according to the invention are particularly suitable for components which are exposed to high requirements with regard to both corrosion and abrasion.
  • these are parts that are used in chemical plants or equipment in aggressive environments, or parts that are used in sea water.
  • the surface protection layers according to the invention have high-quality properties both with regard to wear resistance and with regard to corrosion resistance.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP93107460A 1992-05-27 1993-05-07 Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation Expired - Lifetime EP0571796B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4217612A DE4217612A1 (de) 1992-05-27 1992-05-27 Oberflächenschutzschicht sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
DE4217612 1992-05-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0571796A1 true EP0571796A1 (fr) 1993-12-01
EP0571796B1 EP0571796B1 (fr) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=6459879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93107460A Expired - Lifetime EP0571796B1 (fr) 1992-05-27 1993-05-07 Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0571796B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE143064T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4217612A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2092176T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2708940A1 (fr) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-17 Snecma Procédé de durcissement de pièces métalliques.
EP0651071B1 (fr) * 1993-10-27 1997-07-30 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production de pièces avec un revêtement résistant à l'usure
WO1998048078A1 (fr) * 1997-04-21 1998-10-29 Alliedsignal Inc. Element de roue d'aeronef resistant a la corrosion et a l'usure
EP0947805A2 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-06 J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited Dispositif d'établissement du position d'un élement mécanique, et méthode de marquage d'un tel élement
CN106756745A (zh) * 2017-02-07 2017-05-31 和县隆盛精密机械有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨损打磨用机械臂涂层

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2530975C1 (ru) * 2013-05-16 2014-10-20 Фонд поддержки научной, научно-технической и инновационной деятельности "Энергия без границ" (Фонд "Энергия без границ") Покрытие для нанесения на приводные элементы запорной и регулирующей арматуры

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0339153A1 (fr) * 1986-11-05 1989-11-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Pièce céramique obtenue par projection et procédé pour sa réalisation
DE3829007A1 (de) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-01 Multi Arc Gmbh Verfahren zur plasmabeschichtung von gegenstaenden mit einem hartstoff

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3604762A1 (de) * 1985-06-22 1987-01-02 Winfried Heinzel Verfahren zum beschichten von haushaltsgegenstaenden mit einer antihaftschicht und haushaltsgegenstand

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0339153A1 (fr) * 1986-11-05 1989-11-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Pièce céramique obtenue par projection et procédé pour sa réalisation
DE3829007A1 (de) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-01 Multi Arc Gmbh Verfahren zur plasmabeschichtung von gegenstaenden mit einem hartstoff

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, unexamined applications, C Field, Band 11, Nr. 75, 6. MÛrz 1987, THE PATENT OFFICE JAPANESE GOVERNMENT Seite 102 C 408 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2708940A1 (fr) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-17 Snecma Procédé de durcissement de pièces métalliques.
EP0651071B1 (fr) * 1993-10-27 1997-07-30 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production de pièces avec un revêtement résistant à l'usure
WO1998048078A1 (fr) * 1997-04-21 1998-10-29 Alliedsignal Inc. Element de roue d'aeronef resistant a la corrosion et a l'usure
US5931269A (en) * 1997-04-21 1999-08-03 Alliedsignal Inc. Aircraft wheel part with corrosion and wear resistance
EP0947805A2 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-06 J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited Dispositif d'établissement du position d'un élement mécanique, et méthode de marquage d'un tel élement
EP0947805A3 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-12-01 J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited Dispositif d'établissement du position d'un élement mécanique, et méthode de marquage d'un tel élement
US6452158B1 (en) 1998-04-02 2002-09-17 J C Bamford Excavators Limited Apparatus for determining the position of a movable mechanical element and method of marking a mechanical element
EP1426737A3 (fr) * 1998-04-02 2004-12-15 J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited Dispositif d'établissement de la position d'un élement mécanique, et méthode de marquage d'un tel élement
CN106756745A (zh) * 2017-02-07 2017-05-31 和县隆盛精密机械有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨损打磨用机械臂涂层
CN106756745B (zh) * 2017-02-07 2019-01-25 和县隆盛精密机械有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨损打磨用机械臂涂层

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59303820D1 (de) 1996-10-24
DE4217612A1 (de) 1993-12-02
EP0571796B1 (fr) 1996-09-18
ATE143064T1 (de) 1996-10-15
ES2092176T3 (es) 1996-11-16

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