EP0571796B1 - Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation - Google Patents

Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0571796B1
EP0571796B1 EP93107460A EP93107460A EP0571796B1 EP 0571796 B1 EP0571796 B1 EP 0571796B1 EP 93107460 A EP93107460 A EP 93107460A EP 93107460 A EP93107460 A EP 93107460A EP 0571796 B1 EP0571796 B1 EP 0571796B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
flame spraying
spraying
produced
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93107460A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0571796A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich
Heinrich Prof.Dr. Kreye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0571796A1 publication Critical patent/EP0571796A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0571796B1 publication Critical patent/EP0571796B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surface protection layer on metallic workpieces consisting of an underlayer for protection against corrosion and an upper layer for protection against wear, as well as associated manufacturing processes.
  • a main aim of the production of surface layers on metallic workpieces is to improve the mechanical wear resistance of workpieces, e.g. of waves loaded with friction.
  • the application of such wear-resistant layers is often accomplished today with very good qualities using thermal spray processes, such as autogenous flame spraying and high-speed flame spraying, arc and plasma spraying, detonation spraying and laser spraying (see Gonzbuch Strukturntechnik, Vol. 48, article “Thermal spraying - Facts and state of the art "by P. Heinrich).
  • Common materials that provide wear-resistant layers are, on the one hand, pure materials, such as molybdenum and manganese, alloy materials, such as Chromium steels and other composite or composite injection materials, such as tungsten carbides enclosed in cobalt.
  • All of these spray materials can be used as powder or in wire or rod form.
  • the respective spray material is applied in particles with a gas flow at high speed to the surface to be coated, with these particles melting or at least melting on the transport path, which is caused by the respective supply of energy - fuel gas, light or plasma arc, etc. - is effected.
  • a special variant in the production of surface layers by thermal spraying methods is that after the actual spraying process, a melting process is carried out, i.e. a second process step, which is associated with a second heating of the applied layer, which means layers with higher adhesion, tightness but with an additional one thermal stress on the respective component.
  • a surface protection layer on metallic workpieces is known, which is composed of a lower layer for protection against corrosion and an upper layer for protection against wear.
  • the lower layer consists of an electrolessly deposited nickel-phosphor layer.
  • the top layer contains hard materials, preferably titanium nitride, and is applied by means of an arc plasma process.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a surface protection layer which satisfies both high wear resistance and corrosion protection requirements.
  • An associated manufacturing process is also to be made available.
  • a surface protective layer that the lower layer directly seated on the workpiece made of a low-melting metal, selected from nickel-tin, copper-tin or lead, and the upper layer made of a material containing hard materials, preferably carbides or oxides, or of a material Dispersion layer exists.
  • top layer e.g. also so-called cermets.
  • a layer application by welding is also possible in principle (see e.g. DE-OS 40 08 091).
  • Such double layers have proven to be particularly corrosion-protecting and, at the same time, extremely wear-resistant in a large number of tests and relevant tests, for example the Kesternich test or the salt spray test.
  • the underlayer materials which are to be selected in particular according to the high level of tightness against liquids and gases, ensure the corrosion protection of the substrate material, while on the other hand the top layers to be used ensure the desired wear resistance have to worry.
  • the mechanical connection and adhesion between the two layers also meet all requirements. Further positive properties of a surface layer according to the invention consist in good adhesion also in the area of workpiece edges and in a low surface roughness.
  • a suitable method for producing such a two-layer surface protection layer is that the underlayer is produced by means of a thermal spraying process, preferably by means of high-speed flame spraying, and the top layer by means of flame spraying or preferably by means of high-speed flame spraying.
  • Another advantageous manufacturing process is characterized in that the lower layer to be initially applied to a component is applied by chemical or electrolytic deposition, while the upper layer is then again produced by means of the flame spraying process or preferably by means of the high-speed flame spraying process.
  • the underlayer can advantageously be applied by one of the thermal spray processes (flame spraying, plasma spraying, arc spraying, detonation spraying, laser spraying).
  • the two flame spraying methods namely flame spraying and high-speed flame spraying, are particularly advantageous in the calculation between cost and quality to be aimed for.
  • the corresponding spray materials e.g. a Ni-Sn alloy or a Cu-Sn alloy. It is also possible to use a composite powder, i.e. a spray material in which the metals which are to form the desired layer in the form of an alloy are contained in elementary form. A powder mixture of the components of the alloy to be formed can also be used.
  • the alloying either takes place during the spraying process itself, or it can be brought about by a suitable, subsequent heat treatment in an oven or with a flame.
  • the other options for applying an underlayer are electrolytic application or chemical deposition of appropriate materials on the respective component (chemical deposition means: material is deposited on a surface-activated component from a solution).
  • the formation of the lower layer can take place directly by the deposition of the respective alloy, or the materials forming the desired alloy are applied in two successive steps and layers and the alloy in turn is subjected to a thermal aftertreatment with a flame or in one Oven (as above!) Generated.
  • the wear-resistant upper layer is applied.
  • This is advantageously formed from chromium steel, molybdenum, manganese, oxide-ceramic materials or carbides, oxides or other materials containing hard materials, wherein in particular the cermets consisting of metal-ceramic compounds and also containing hard materials can be used.
  • the most suitable material can be selected depending on the respective application.
  • the layer is applied using the known thermal spraying method of flame spraying or preferably high-speed flame spraying.
  • the high-speed flame spraying can be classified as particularly advantageous, since this process can be used to produce layers in the desired, high-quality quality, in particular very compact and abrasion-resistant layers, with reasonable investment outlay.
  • the protective layers according to the invention are particularly suitable for components which are exposed to high requirements with regard to both corrosion and abrasion.
  • these are parts that are used in chemical plants or equipment in aggressive environments, or parts that are used in sea water.
  • the surface protection layers according to the invention have high-quality properties both with regard to wear resistance and with regard to corrosion resistance.
  • Procedural possibilities Lower layer generated by: Thermal spraying Electrolytic / chemical deposition thermal spraying of a pure material or alloy powder or wire thermal spraying of a composite powder immediate deposition of the underlayer material Deposition of several sub-materials in succession

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Couche de protection superficielle sur des pièces métalliques se composant d'une sous-couche pour la protection contre la corrosion et d'une couche supérieure pour la protection contre l'usure, caractérisée en ce que la sous-couche placée directement sur la pièce se compose d'un métal à point de fusion bas, choisi parmi le nickel-étain, le cuivre-étain ou le plomb et que la couche supérieure se compose d'un matériau contenant une substance dure, de préférence des carbures ou des oxydes ou d'une couche de dispersion.
  2. Couche de protection superficielle selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la couche supérieure se compose de matériaux d'acier au chrome, de molybdène, de manganèse ou de céramique aux oxydes.
  3. Procédé de production d'une couche de protection superficielle selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la sous-couche est réalisée à l'aide d'un procédé de pulvérisation thermique, de préférence à l'aide d'une pulvérisation à la flamme à haute vitesse et en ce que la couche supérieure est réalisée à l'aide d'une pulvérisation à la flamme ou de préférence à l'aide d'une pulvérisation à la flamme à haute vitesse.
  4. Procédé de production d'une couche de protection superficielle selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la sous-couche est réalisée grâce à un dépôt chimique ou électrolytique et en ce que la couche supérieure est réalisée à l'aide d'une pulvérisation à la flamme ou de préférence à l'aide d'une pulvérisation à la flamme à haute vitesse.
EP93107460A 1992-05-27 1993-05-07 Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation Expired - Lifetime EP0571796B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4217612A DE4217612A1 (de) 1992-05-27 1992-05-27 Oberflächenschutzschicht sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
DE4217612 1992-05-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0571796A1 EP0571796A1 (fr) 1993-12-01
EP0571796B1 true EP0571796B1 (fr) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=6459879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93107460A Expired - Lifetime EP0571796B1 (fr) 1992-05-27 1993-05-07 Couche de protection superficielle et procédé pour sa préparation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0571796B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE143064T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4217612A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2092176T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4336664A1 (de) * 1993-10-27 1995-05-04 Demetron Gmbh Werkstücke aus nichtkorrosionsbeständigen Metallen mit nach dem PVD-Verfahren aufgebrachten Überzügen
FR2708940B1 (fr) * 1993-08-12 1995-09-22 Snecma Procédé de durcissement de pièces métalliques.
US5931269A (en) * 1997-04-21 1999-08-03 Alliedsignal Inc. Aircraft wheel part with corrosion and wear resistance
GB9807020D0 (en) * 1998-04-02 1998-06-03 Bamford Excavators Ltd A method of marking a mechanical element, an encoding scheme, a reading means for said marking and an apparatus for determining the position of said element
RU2530975C1 (ru) * 2013-05-16 2014-10-20 Фонд поддержки научной, научно-технической и инновационной деятельности "Энергия без границ" (Фонд "Энергия без границ") Покрытие для нанесения на приводные элементы запорной и регулирующей арматуры
CN106756745B (zh) * 2017-02-07 2019-01-25 和县隆盛精密机械有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨损打磨用机械臂涂层

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3604762A1 (de) * 1985-06-22 1987-01-02 Winfried Heinzel Verfahren zum beschichten von haushaltsgegenstaenden mit einer antihaftschicht und haushaltsgegenstand

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63118058A (ja) * 1986-11-05 1988-05-23 Toyota Motor Corp セラミツク溶射部材およびその製造方法
DE3829007A1 (de) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-01 Multi Arc Gmbh Verfahren zur plasmabeschichtung von gegenstaenden mit einem hartstoff

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3604762A1 (de) * 1985-06-22 1987-01-02 Winfried Heinzel Verfahren zum beschichten von haushaltsgegenstaenden mit einer antihaftschicht und haushaltsgegenstand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4217612A1 (de) 1993-12-02
ATE143064T1 (de) 1996-10-15
EP0571796A1 (fr) 1993-12-01
ES2092176T3 (es) 1996-11-16
DE59303820D1 (de) 1996-10-24

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