EP0557995A1 - Plant for the pressurized slip casting of ceramic products, in particular of toilet bowls - Google Patents

Plant for the pressurized slip casting of ceramic products, in particular of toilet bowls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557995A1
EP0557995A1 EP93102964A EP93102964A EP0557995A1 EP 0557995 A1 EP0557995 A1 EP 0557995A1 EP 93102964 A EP93102964 A EP 93102964A EP 93102964 A EP93102964 A EP 93102964A EP 0557995 A1 EP0557995 A1 EP 0557995A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molded
frame
clamping
molding
slide
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93102964A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0557995B1 (en
Inventor
Günther Söthje
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Publication of EP0557995A1 publication Critical patent/EP0557995A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/265—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor pressure being applied on the slip in the filled mould or on the moulded article in the mould, e.g. pneumatically, by compressing slip in a closed mould
    • B28B1/266—Means for counteracting the pressure being applied on the slip or on the moulded article in the mould, e.g. means for clamping the moulds parts together in a frame-like structure

Definitions

  • a system of this type known as a press, with two cross-shaped portals arranged at right angles to one another is known, on each of which two molding slides are guided on horizontal rails.
  • a hanging frame extending downward from the associated portal is attached to each slide, on which a mounting plate for mounting a molded part is arranged.
  • Each of the mounting plates can be advanced by hydraulic cylinders relative to the associated hanging frame in the direction of the center of the press and retractable in the opposite direction.
  • a lifting device is arranged in a foundation recess, which carries a lower molded part, which together with the molded parts attached to the four clamping plates results in a complete casting mold.
  • sanitary articles in particular toilet bowls
  • the mold is closed for die casting by moving the carriages guided on the portals in the direction of the press center until the mold parts arranged on the clamping plates come into contact with one another.
  • the lower mold part is raised by means of the lifting device, so that a mold cavity is finally delimited by the mold parts.
  • the hanging frames must be locked with mechanical locking elements fixed in the middle of the press and then the clamping plates must be pushed forward by a limited amount relative to the slides and the clamping plate for the lower molding must be pushed upwards. so that the molded parts attached to the platen abut each other with a predetermined closing pressure.
  • a further die casting device known from DE-A1 2112759, which has a base plate, a vertical head plate fastened thereon, a foot plate arranged at a distance parallel to it and four horizontal bars which are fastened to the two plates mentioned and one lead sliding plate parallel to them.
  • the sliding plate is attached to the base plate supported hydraulic piston-cylinder unit displaceable towards the head plate and carries a casting core-like molded part.
  • a platen is pivotally mounted about a horizontal pivot axis, approximately at the height of the lower spars, at right angles to this and is articulated to a piston-cylinder unit which is supported on the head plate.
  • a second, trough-like molded part is attached to the platen.
  • a closed die-casting mold is formed from the two molded parts by bringing the sliding plate closer to the head plate, which is filled with slip. After the pressure holding time and the subsequent standing time have elapsed, the sliding plate together with the core-like molded part is withdrawn in the direction of the base plate and then the clamping plate is swung down between the two lower bars and the resulting molded part is placed on a conveyor.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a system for die casting ceramic moldings, in particular toilet bowls, with increased performance.
  • clamping devices arranged on the clamping frame do not have to remain unused after the pressure holding time of the casting mold or casting molds which have held them together until the subsequent service life has elapsed, but can be used immediately for clamping one or more further pressure casting molds.
  • the space around the first-mentioned die casting mold or group of such molds is completely free of clamping devices before the end of the service life, so that the molded parts are immediately accessible, and any necessary reworking of the molded parts can be carried out without delay and the molded parts can be removed.
  • the system shown includes six die-casting molds 10, each with a pair of molded parts 12, 14 and two cores 16 and 18, which together enclose a mold space for die-casting a molding 20, in the example shown a toilet bowl.
  • the two molded parts 12 and 14 of each die are attached to a molded slide 22 and 24, respectively, which has a holder 26 and 28 for this purpose.
  • the two molding slides 22 and 24 for each die 10 are mounted and guided on a common molding guide 30; a total of six molded part guides 30 aligned with one another are provided.
  • Each molded part guide 30 has a first horizontal rod 32, which is ground in a circular cylinder and fastened with its two ends to a stand 34 each.
  • a second rod 36 extends parallel to the first rod 32 and in the position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 below it, but ends shortly before the neighboring stands 34 and is firmly connected to the first rod 32 at each end by a yoke 38 is.
  • One of the two yokes 38 belonging to each molded part guide 30 is connected to a swivel drive 40 which, in the example shown, is formed by a hydraulic or pneumatic piston-cylinder unit and is designed such that it swivels the two yokes 38 together with the second rod 36 about the first rod 32 can, namely from the position shown in FIGS.
  • the position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is a casting position, which is determined by the fact that the two molded slides 22 and 24 rest on a column 42.
  • the position according to FIG. 4 serves to transfer the cast molding 20 to a conveyor 44.
  • Each of the molding slides 22 and 24 is connected to the adjacent yoke 38 by a sliding drive 46 and 48, respectively, and these sliding drives - again piston cylinder units are shown - are controlled in such a way that the shaped slide 22 and 24 for closing the die 10 towards each other and for opening are movable away from each other.
  • the system also includes a clamping frame 50 which is formed from a plurality of longitudinal beams 52 and cross beams 54 welded to one another, as well as vertical end walls 56 and intermediate walls 58.
  • the clamping frame 50 is mounted on a frame slide 60 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis 62 parallel to the molded part guides 30 and is connected to the frame slide 60 by a pivot drive 64.
  • the pivot drive 64 is designed so that the clamping frame 50 from the operating position shown in FIGS.
  • the frame slide 60 is guided with top rollers 66 and side rollers 68 arranged in sets on a horizontal frame guide 70 which extends parallel to the pivot axis 62 and to the molded part guides 30.
  • a rack 72 in which a pinion 74 engages, is fastened to the underside of the frame guide 70.
  • the pinion 74 can be driven by a motor 76 arranged on the frame slide 60, and this is controlled in such a way that it can be moved back and forth between a first casting station 78 and a second casting station 80.
  • Each of the two casting stations 78 and 80 contains three of the die casting molds 10 shown in FIG. 1 together with the associated molding slides 22 and 24.
  • the clamping frame 50 thus either encloses, as shown in FIG. 1, the three die casting molds arranged to the right of the center of the system 10 or the three die-casting molds 10 arranged to the left of it.
  • Left clamping devices 82 and right clamping devices 84 and front clamping devices 86 and rear clamping devices 88 are arranged on the clamping frame 50 and in such a number that the molded parts 12 and 14 and cores 16 and 18 of each of the three die casting molds 10 enclosed by the clamping frame 50 can be clamped together by means of sixteen clamping devices are.
  • a mobile core pulling device 90 of a known type is provided which, according to FIG. 1, is just in the first casting station 78 in order to turn the front core 16 and one with one gripper 92 from one of the die casting molds 10 arranged there another gripper 94 to pull the rear core 18. This takes place successively in all the die casting molds 10 standing in the first casting station 78, and these are then pivoted one after the other over the conveyor 44, so that the moldings 20 held in one of these die casting molds between the mold parts 12 and 14, cast in a previous working cycle, each on a shrinkage plate 96 lying on the conveyor 44 are deposited.
  • the molded parts 12 and 14 are moved away from each other by moving the molded part slides 22 and 24 in opposite directions, so that the associated molded article 20 is released so that it can then dry on the associated shrinkage plate 96.
  • the shrinkage plates 96 are smooth on their upper side so that they do not hinder the shrinkage of the moldings 20 which occurs during drying.
  • the die casting molds 10 in the second casting station 80 are filled with slip under pressure and then remain clamped together by the clamping frame 50 until the pressure holding time has elapsed.
  • the clamping devices 82, 84, 86 and 88 are depressurized and the clamping frame 50 is pivoted upwards into its rest position according to FIG. 4.
  • it is sufficient it is that the molded parts 12 and 14 are held together by the sliding drives 46 and 48 acting on the associated molded slide 22 and 24 with a small force which would not have withstood the casting pressure by itself.
  • the clamping frame 50 is moved from the second casting station 80 into the first casting station 78 and lowered into its operating position.
  • their cores 16 and 18 are drawn by means of the core pulling device 90 and then the molded parts 12 and 14 together with the moldings 20 held between them are pivoted over the conveyor 44 in the manner described, so that now these moldings are also placed on a shrinkage plate 96 each.

Abstract

Moulded-part carriages (22, 24) which belong together in pairs and which each bear a moulded part (12, 14) can be displaced in relation to one another along a moulded-part guide. On a clamping frame (50), which is separate from the moulded-part carriages (22, 24), clamping devices (82, 84) are assigned for clamping the moulded parts (12, 14) together. The clamping frame (50) can be moved to and fro between an operating position, in which it surrounds three pairs of moulded parts (12, 14), and a rest position, in which it releases these moulded parts. Three additional pairs of moulded parts (12, 14) are arranged on additional moulded-part carriages (22, 24) outside the clamping frame (50) as long as the latter surrounds the first-mentioned moulded parts (12, 14). The clamping frame (50) is, in its rest position, in which it is pivoted away upwards from the first-mentioned moulded parts (12, 14), displaceable parallel to the moulded-part guide (30) and subsequently pivotable into a new operating position, in which it surrounds the additional moulded parts (12, 14), and these are then clamped together by the clamping devices (82, 84). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zum Druckgießen keramischer Formlinge, insbesondere WC-Schüsseln, mit

  • paarweise zusammengehörigen Formteilschlitten, die entlang einer Formteilführung gegeneinander verschiebbar sind und je ein Formteil tragen, und
  • Spannvorrichtungen zum Zusammenspannen der Formteile.
The invention relates to a system for die-casting ceramic moldings, in particular toilet bowls
  • paired molding slides, which are mutually displaceable along a molding guide and each carry a molding, and
  • Clamping devices for clamping the molded parts together.

Aus der DE 3740163 A1 ist eine als Presse bezeichnete Anlage dieser Gattung mit zwei kreuzförmig, rechtwinklig zueinander angeordneten Portalen bekannt, an denen je zwei Formteilschlitten auf waagerechten Schienen geführt sind. An jedem Schlitten ist ein sich vom zugehörigen Portal nach unten erstreckender Hängerahmen befestigt, an dem eine Aufspannplatte zum Aufspannen eines Formteils angeordnet ist. Jede der Aufnahmeplatten ist durch Hydraulikzylinder relativ zum zugehörigen Hängerahmen in Richtung auf die Pressenmitte vorrückbar und in entgegengesetzter Richtung zurückziehbar. Unterhalb der durch die sich kreuzenden Portale bestimmten Portalmitte ist in einer Fundamentausnehmung eine Hubeinrichtung angeordnet, die ein unteres Formteil trägt, welches zusammen mit den an den vier Aufspannplatten befesigten Formteilen eine vollständige Gießform ergibt. Mit dieser bekannten Anlage lassen sich Sanitärartikel, insbesondere WC-Schüsseln, gießen, die zur Formung mehr als zwei Formteile benötigen. Die Form wird zum Druckgießen dadurch geschlossen, daß die an den Portalen geführten Schlitten in Richtung auf die Pressenmitte bewegt werden, bis die auf den Aufspannplatten angeordneten Formteile in Anlage aneinander gelangen. Gleichzeitig wird mittels der Hubeinrichtung das untere Formteil angehoben, so daß schließlich durch die Formteile ein Formhohlraum begrenzt ist. Ehe dieser mit keramischem Schlicker unter Druck gefüllt werden kann, müssen die Hängerahmen mit in der Pressenmitte fest angeordneten mechanischen Verriegelungselementen verriegelt werden und anschließend die Aufspannplatten relativ zu den Schlitten um ein begrenztes Maß nach vorne sowie die Aufspannplatte für das untere Formteil nach oben gedrückt werden, so daß die an den Aufspannplatten befestigten Formteile mit einem vorbestimmten Schließdruck aneinanderliegen.From DE 3740163 A1, a system of this type, known as a press, with two cross-shaped portals arranged at right angles to one another is known, on each of which two molding slides are guided on horizontal rails. A hanging frame extending downward from the associated portal is attached to each slide, on which a mounting plate for mounting a molded part is arranged. Each of the mounting plates can be advanced by hydraulic cylinders relative to the associated hanging frame in the direction of the center of the press and retractable in the opposite direction. Below the portal center determined by the intersecting portals, a lifting device is arranged in a foundation recess, which carries a lower molded part, which together with the molded parts attached to the four clamping plates results in a complete casting mold. With this known system, sanitary articles, in particular toilet bowls, can be poured for molding need more than two molded parts. The mold is closed for die casting by moving the carriages guided on the portals in the direction of the press center until the mold parts arranged on the clamping plates come into contact with one another. At the same time, the lower mold part is raised by means of the lifting device, so that a mold cavity is finally delimited by the mold parts. Before this can be filled with ceramic slip under pressure, the hanging frames must be locked with mechanical locking elements fixed in the middle of the press and then the clamping plates must be pushed forward by a limited amount relative to the slides and the clamping plate for the lower molding must be pushed upwards. so that the molded parts attached to the platen abut each other with a predetermined closing pressure.

Beim Druckgießen keramischer Formlinge genügt es im allgemeinen, den in einen Formhohlraum eingefüllten Schlicker während einer Druckhaltezeit, die je nach der angestrebten Scherbendicke in der Größenordnung von 10 bis 15 Min. liegt, unter Druck zu halten. Anschließend läßt man den überschüssigen Schlicker ablaufen, und dann muß der Formling sich während einer bestimmten Standzeit bei noch geschlossener Druckgießform verfestigen, ehe die Form geöffnet, der Formling entnommen und die Form dann für das Druckgießen eines weiteren Formlings hergerichtet werden kann. Als Summe der Zeit für all diese einzelnen Vorgänge ergibt sich eine Zykluszeit, in der bei der beschriebenen bekannten Anlage jeweils nur ein einziger Formling entsteht.When die-casting ceramic moldings, it is generally sufficient to hold the slip filled in a mold cavity under pressure for a pressure-holding time which is in the order of 10 to 15 minutes, depending on the desired body thickness. Then the excess slip is allowed to run off, and then the molding must solidify for a certain period of time with the die still closed before the mold is opened, the molding is removed and the mold can then be prepared for the die-casting of another molding. The sum of the time for all these individual processes results in a cycle time in which only a single molding is produced in the known system described.

Entsprechendes gilt auch für eine weitere, aus der DE-A1 2112759 bekannte Druckgießvorrichtung, die eine Grundplatte, eine auf dieser befestigte senkrechte Kopfplatte, eine im Abstand parallel dazu angeordnete Fußplatte und vier waagerechte Holme aufweist, die an den beiden genannten Platten befestigt sind und eine zu ihnen parallele Schiebeplatte führen. Die Schiebeplatte ist mittels einer an der Fußplatte abgestützten hydraulischen Kolbenzylindereinheit zur Kopfplatte hin verschiebbar und trägt ein gießkernartiges Formteil. An der Kopfplatte ist eine Aufspannplatte um eine waagerechte, etwa in Höhe der unteren Holme rechtwinklig zu dieser angeordnete Schwenkachse schwenkbar gelagert und gelenkig mit einer Kolbenzylindereinheit verbunden, die an der Kopfplatte abgestützt ist. An der Aufspannplatte ist ein zweites, wannenartiges Formteil befestigt. In jedem Arbeitszyklus wird aus den beiden Formteilen durch Annähern der Schiebeplatte an die Kopfplatte eine geschlossene Druckgießform gebildet, die mit Schlicker gefüllt wird. Nach Ablauf der Druckhaltezeit und der sich daran anschließenden Standzeit wird die Schiebeplatte samt kernartigem Formteil in Richtung zur Fußplatte zurückgezogen und anschließend wird die Aufspannplatte zwischen den beiden unteren Holmen hindurch nach unten geschwenkt und der entstandene Formling auf einem Förderer abgesetzt.The same also applies to a further die casting device known from DE-A1 2112759, which has a base plate, a vertical head plate fastened thereon, a foot plate arranged at a distance parallel to it and four horizontal bars which are fastened to the two plates mentioned and one lead sliding plate parallel to them. The sliding plate is attached to the base plate supported hydraulic piston-cylinder unit displaceable towards the head plate and carries a casting core-like molded part. On the head plate, a platen is pivotally mounted about a horizontal pivot axis, approximately at the height of the lower spars, at right angles to this and is articulated to a piston-cylinder unit which is supported on the head plate. A second, trough-like molded part is attached to the platen. In each working cycle, a closed die-casting mold is formed from the two molded parts by bringing the sliding plate closer to the head plate, which is filled with slip. After the pressure holding time and the subsequent standing time have elapsed, the sliding plate together with the core-like molded part is withdrawn in the direction of the base plate and then the clamping plate is swung down between the two lower bars and the resulting molded part is placed on a conveyor.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage zum Druckgießen keramischer Formlinge, insbesondere WC-Schüsseln, mit erhöhter Leistungsfähigkeit zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a system for die casting ceramic moldings, in particular toilet bowls, with increased performance.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß ausgehend von einer Anlage der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung dadurch gelöst, daß

  • die Spannvorrichtungen an einem von den Formteilschlitten getrennten Spannrahmen angeordnet sind, der zwischen einer Betriebsstellung, in der er mindestens ein Paar Formteile umschließt, und einer Ruhestellung, in der er diese Formteile freigibt, hin- und herbewegbar ist,
  • mindestens ein zusätzliches Paar Formteile auf je einem zusätzlichen Formteilschlitten außerhalb des Spannrahmens angeordnet ist, solange dieser die erstgenannten Formteile umschließt, und
  • in der Ruhestellung des Spannrahmens eine Relativbeweglichkeit zwischen Spannrahmen und Formteilschlitten gegeben ist, die es dem Spannrahmen ermöglicht, in Betriebsstellung wahlweise die erstgenannten Formteile oder die zusätzlichen Formteile zusammenzuspannen.
This object is achieved based on a system of the type described above in that
  • the clamping devices are arranged on a clamping frame which is separate from the molded part slide and can be moved back and forth between an operating position in which it encloses at least one pair of molded parts and a rest position in which it releases these molded parts,
  • at least one additional pair of molded parts is arranged on an additional molded part slide outside the clamping frame, as long as it surrounds the first-mentioned molded parts, and
  • in the rest position of the clamping frame there is a relative mobility between the clamping frame and the molding slide, which enables the clamping frame to clamp together the first-mentioned molded parts or the additional molded parts in the operating position.

Damit wird erreicht, daß die am Spannrahmen angeordneten Spannvorrichtungen nach Ablauf der Druckhaltezeit der Gießform oder Gießformen, die sie zusammengehalten haben, nicht bis zum Ablauf der anschließenden Standzeit unbenutzt stehenbleiben müssen, sondern sofort zum Zusammenspannen einer oder mehrerer weiterer Druckgießformen verwendet werden können. Der Raum rings um die erstgenannte Druckgießform oder Gruppe solcher Formen ist schon vor Ablauf der Standzeit vollständig frei von Spannvorrichtungen, so daß die Formteile sofort zugänglich sind, etwa erforderliche Nacharbeiten an den Formlingen ohne Verzögerung durchgeführt und die Formlinge entnommen werden können.This ensures that the clamping devices arranged on the clamping frame do not have to remain unused after the pressure holding time of the casting mold or casting molds which have held them together until the subsequent service life has elapsed, but can be used immediately for clamping one or more further pressure casting molds. The space around the first-mentioned die casting mold or group of such molds is completely free of clamping devices before the end of the service life, so that the molded parts are immediately accessible, and any necessary reworking of the molded parts can be carried out without delay and the molded parts can be removed.

Diese Vorteile sind grundsätzlich davon unabhängig, welche der zum Instellungbringen des Spannrahmens in bezug auf die Formteile erforderlichen Relativbewegungen dem Spannrahmen und welche davon den Formteilschlitten zugewiesen sind, und in welchen Richtungen im Raum diese Relativbewegungen stattfinden. Es hat sich jedoch als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn der Spannrahmen Bewegungsmöglichkeiten gemäß den Ansprüche 2 bis 5 hat.These advantages are fundamentally independent of which of the relative movements required for positioning the clamping frame in relation to the molded parts are assigned to the clamping frame and which of these are assigned to the molded part slides, and in which directions in space these relative movements take place. However, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the tenter frame has movement possibilities according to claims 2 to 5.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Formteilschlitten und der sie führenden und bewegenden Bauteile sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 6 bis 9.Advantageous refinements of the molded part slide and the components which guide and move it are the subject of claims 6 to 9.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
die Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,
Fig. 2
die Vorderansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine teilweise als senkrechter Schnitt III-III in Fig. 2 dargestellte Seitenansicht der Anlage in einer Betriebsstellung und
Fig. 4
eine entsprechende Seitenansicht in einer Ruhestellung.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with the aid of schematic drawings with further details. Show it:
Fig. 1
the top view of a system according to the invention,
Fig. 2
the front view in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
a partially shown as a vertical section III-III in Fig. 2 side view of the system in an operating position and
Fig. 4
a corresponding side view in a rest position.

Zu der dargestellten Anlage gehören sechs Druckgießformen 10 mit je einem Paar Formteile 12, 14 sowie je zwei Kernen 16 und 18, die gemeinsam einen Formraum zum Druckgießen eines Formlings 20, im dargestellten Beispiel einer WC-Schüssel, umschließen. Die beiden Formteile 12 und 14 jeder Druckgießform sind an je einem Formteilschlitten 22 bzw. 24 befestigt, der zu diesem Zweck eine Halterung 26 bzw. 28 aufweist. Die beiden Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 für jede Druckgießform 10 sind auf einer gemeinsamen Formteilführung 30 gelagert und geführt; insgesamt sind sechs miteinander fluchtende Formteilführungen 30 vorgesehen.The system shown includes six die-casting molds 10, each with a pair of molded parts 12, 14 and two cores 16 and 18, which together enclose a mold space for die-casting a molding 20, in the example shown a toilet bowl. The two molded parts 12 and 14 of each die are attached to a molded slide 22 and 24, respectively, which has a holder 26 and 28 for this purpose. The two molding slides 22 and 24 for each die 10 are mounted and guided on a common molding guide 30; a total of six molded part guides 30 aligned with one another are provided.

Jede Formteilführung 30 hat eine erste waagerechte Stange 32, die kreiszylindrisch geschliffen und mit ihren beiden Enden an je einem Ständer 34 befestigt ist. Parallel zu der ersten Stange 32 und in der Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 unterhalb davon erstreckt sich eine zweite Stange 36, die jedoch kurz vor den benachbarten Ständern 34 endet und an ihren Enden durch je ein Joch 38 mit der ersten Stange 32 fest verbunden ist. Eines der beiden zu jeder Formteilführung 30 gehörigen Joche 38 ist mit einem Schwenkantrieb 40 verbunden, der im dargestellten Beispiel von einer hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Kolbenzylindereinheit gebildet und so ausgelegt ist, daß er die beiden Joche 38 samt der zweiten Stange 36 um die erste Stange 32 schwenken kann, nämlich aus der in Fig. 2 und 3 abgebildeten Stellung, in der die beiden Stangen senkrecht übereinanderliegen, in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 4, in der die beiden Stangen nebeneinanderliegen. An der Schwenkung nehmen die beiden zugehörigen Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 teil, die auf den beiden Stangen 32 und 36 geführt sind. Die Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 ist eine Gießstellung, die dadurch festgelegt ist, daß die beiden Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 auf einer Säule 42 ruhen. Die Stellung gemäß Fig. 4 dient zur Übergabe des gegossenen Formlings 20 an einen Förderer 44.Each molded part guide 30 has a first horizontal rod 32, which is ground in a circular cylinder and fastened with its two ends to a stand 34 each. A second rod 36 extends parallel to the first rod 32 and in the position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 below it, but ends shortly before the neighboring stands 34 and is firmly connected to the first rod 32 at each end by a yoke 38 is. One of the two yokes 38 belonging to each molded part guide 30 is connected to a swivel drive 40 which, in the example shown, is formed by a hydraulic or pneumatic piston-cylinder unit and is designed such that it swivels the two yokes 38 together with the second rod 36 about the first rod 32 can, namely from the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in which the two rods lie vertically one above the other, in the position according to FIG. 4, in which the two rods lie side by side. The two associated molding slides 22 and 24, which are guided on the two rods 32 and 36, take part in the pivoting. The position according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is a casting position, which is determined by the fact that the two molded slides 22 and 24 rest on a column 42. The position according to FIG. 4 serves to transfer the cast molding 20 to a conveyor 44.

Jeder der Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 ist durch einen Verschiebeantrieb 46 bzw. 48 mit dem benachbarten Joch 38 verbunden, und diese Verschiebeantriebe - dargestellt sind wiederum Kolbenzylindereinheiten - sind so gesteuert, daß die Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 zum Schließen der Druckgießform 10 zueinander hin und zum Öffnen voneinander weg bewegbar sind.Each of the molding slides 22 and 24 is connected to the adjacent yoke 38 by a sliding drive 46 and 48, respectively, and these sliding drives - again piston cylinder units are shown - are controlled in such a way that the shaped slide 22 and 24 for closing the die 10 towards each other and for opening are movable away from each other.

Zu der Anlage gehört ferner ein Spannrahmen 50, der aus mehreren miteinander verschweißten Längsträgern 52 und Querträgern 54 sowie senkrechten Stirnwänden 56 und Zwischenwänden 58 gebildet ist. Der Spannrahmen 50 ist an einem Rahmenschlitten 60 um eine waagerechte, zu den Formteilführungen 30 parallele Schwenkachse 62 schwenkbar gelagert und durch einen Schwenkantrieb 64 mit dem Rahmenschlitten 60 verbunden. Der Schwenkantrieb 64 ist so ausgelegt, daß der Spannrahmen 50 aus der in Fig. 1 bis 3 abgebildeten Betriebsstellung, in der er drei Druckgießformen 10 umschließt, um etwa 45° nach oben in eine Ruhestellung schwenkbar ist, in der die Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 samt daran befestigten Formteilen 12 und 14 in der beschriebenen Weise aus der Gießstellung in die Entnahmestellung, und umgekehrt, schwenkbar sind.The system also includes a clamping frame 50 which is formed from a plurality of longitudinal beams 52 and cross beams 54 welded to one another, as well as vertical end walls 56 and intermediate walls 58. The clamping frame 50 is mounted on a frame slide 60 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis 62 parallel to the molded part guides 30 and is connected to the frame slide 60 by a pivot drive 64. The pivot drive 64 is designed so that the clamping frame 50 from the operating position shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in which it encloses three die-casting molds 10, can be pivoted upward by approximately 45 ° into a rest position, in which the molded slide 22 and 24 together molded parts 12 and 14 attached to it in the manner described can be pivoted from the pouring position into the removal position and vice versa.

Der Rahmenschlitten 60 ist mit satzweise angeordneten oberen Rollen 66 und seitlichen Rollen 68 auf einer waagerechten Rahmenführung 70 geführt, die sich parallel zur Schwenkachse 62 und zu den Formteilführungen 30 erstreckt. An der Unterseite der Rahmenführung 70 ist eine Zahnstange 72 befestigt, in die ein Ritzel 74 eingreift. Das Ritzel 74 ist von einem am Rahmenschlitten 60 angeordneten Motor 76 antreibbar, und dieser ist so gesteuert, daß er zwischen einer ersten Gießstation 78 und einer zweiten Gießstation 80 hin- und herbewegbar ist. Jede der beiden Gießstationen 78 und 80 enthält drei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Druckgießformen 10 samt zugehörigen Formteilschlitten 22 und 24. In seiner Betriebsstellung umschließt der Spannrahmen 50 somit entweder, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, die drei rechts der Mitte der Anlage angeordneten Druckgießformen 10 oder die drei links davon angeordneten Druckgießformen 10.The frame slide 60 is guided with top rollers 66 and side rollers 68 arranged in sets on a horizontal frame guide 70 which extends parallel to the pivot axis 62 and to the molded part guides 30. A rack 72, in which a pinion 74 engages, is fastened to the underside of the frame guide 70. The pinion 74 can be driven by a motor 76 arranged on the frame slide 60, and this is controlled in such a way that it can be moved back and forth between a first casting station 78 and a second casting station 80. Each of the two casting stations 78 and 80 contains three of the die casting molds 10 shown in FIG. 1 together with the associated molding slides 22 and 24. In its operating position, the clamping frame 50 thus either encloses, as shown in FIG. 1, the three die casting molds arranged to the right of the center of the system 10 or the three die-casting molds 10 arranged to the left of it.

Am Spannrahmen 50 sind linke Spannvorrichtungen 82 und rechte Spannvorrichtungen 84 sowie vordere Spannvorrichtungen 86 und hintere Spannvorrichtungen 88 derart und in solcher Anzahl angeordnet, daß die Formteile 12 und 14 sowie Kerne 16 und 18 jeder der drei vom Spannrahmen 50 umschlossenen Druckgießformen 10 mittels sechzehn Spannvorrichtungen zusammenspannbar sind.Left clamping devices 82 and right clamping devices 84 and front clamping devices 86 and rear clamping devices 88 are arranged on the clamping frame 50 and in such a number that the molded parts 12 and 14 and cores 16 and 18 of each of the three die casting molds 10 enclosed by the clamping frame 50 can be clamped together by means of sixteen clamping devices are.

Zum Ziehen und Setzen der Kerne 16 und 18 ist eine fahrbare Kernziehvorrichtung 90 bekannter Bauart vorgesehen, die gemäß Fig. 1 gerade in der ersten Gießstation 78 steht, um aus einer der dort angeordneten Druckgießformen 10 mit einem Greifer 92 den vorderen Kern 16 und mit einem weiteren Greifer 94 den hinteren Kern 18 zu ziehen. Dies geschieht nacheinander bei allen in der ersten Gießstation 78 stehenden Druckgießformen 10, und anschließend werden diese nacheinander über den Förderer 44 geschwenkt, so daß die in je einer dieser Druckgießformen zwischen den Formteilen 12 und 14 gehaltenen, bei einem vorangegangenen Arbeitszyklus gegossenen Formlinge 20 auf je einer auf dem Förderer 44 liegenden Schwundplatte 96 abgesetzt werden. Danach werden die Formteile 12 und 14 durch gegenläufiges Verschieben der Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 voneinander wegbewegt, so daß der zugehörige Formling 20 freigegeben wird, um dann auf der zugehörigen Schwundplatte 96 trocknen zu können. Die Schwundplatten 96 sind an ihrer Oberseite glatt, so daß sie das beim Trocknen eintretende Schwinden der Formlinge 20 nicht behindern.To pull and set the cores 16 and 18, a mobile core pulling device 90 of a known type is provided which, according to FIG. 1, is just in the first casting station 78 in order to turn the front core 16 and one with one gripper 92 from one of the die casting molds 10 arranged there another gripper 94 to pull the rear core 18. This takes place successively in all the die casting molds 10 standing in the first casting station 78, and these are then pivoted one after the other over the conveyor 44, so that the moldings 20 held in one of these die casting molds between the mold parts 12 and 14, cast in a previous working cycle, each on a shrinkage plate 96 lying on the conveyor 44 are deposited. Thereafter, the molded parts 12 and 14 are moved away from each other by moving the molded part slides 22 and 24 in opposite directions, so that the associated molded article 20 is released so that it can then dry on the associated shrinkage plate 96. The shrinkage plates 96 are smooth on their upper side so that they do not hinder the shrinkage of the moldings 20 which occurs during drying.

Während des Entleerens der Druckgießformen 10 in der ersten Gießstation 78 werden die Druckgießformen 10 in der zweiten Gießstation 80 mit Schlicker unter Druck gefüllt und bleiben anschließend weiterhin vom Spannrahmen 50 zusammengespannt, bis die Druckhaltezeit verstrichen ist. Sobald dann der überschüssige Schlicker aus diesen Druckgießformen 10 abgelassen worden ist, werden die Spannvorrichtungen 82, 84, 86 und 88 drucklos gemacht und der Spannrahmen 50 in seine Ruhestellung gemäß Fig. 4 nach oben geschwenkt. Für die anschließende Standzeit genügt es, daß die Formteile 12 und 14 durch die an den zugehörigen Formteilschlitten 22 und 24 angreifenden Verschiebeantriebe 46 und 48 mit einer geringen Kraft, die für sich allein dem Gießdruck nicht standgehalten haben würde, zusammengehalten werden.During the emptying of the die casting molds 10 in the first casting station 78, the die casting molds 10 in the second casting station 80 are filled with slip under pressure and then remain clamped together by the clamping frame 50 until the pressure holding time has elapsed. As soon as the excess slip has been drained from these die-casting molds 10, the clamping devices 82, 84, 86 and 88 are depressurized and the clamping frame 50 is pivoted upwards into its rest position according to FIG. 4. For the subsequent service life, it is sufficient it is that the molded parts 12 and 14 are held together by the sliding drives 46 and 48 acting on the associated molded slide 22 and 24 with a small force which would not have withstood the casting pressure by itself.

Während der Standzeit der in der zweiten Gießstation 80 stehenden Druckgießformen 10, sobald die in der ersten Gießstation 78 stehenden Druckgießformen für eine erneute Benutzung bereit sind, wird der Spannrahmen 50 aus der zweiten Gießstation 80 in die erste Gießstation 78 gefahren und in seine Betriebsstellung abgesenkt. Nach Ablauf der Standzeit der in der zweiten Gießstation 80 stehenden Druckgießformen 10 werden deren Kerne 16 und 18 mittels der Kernziehvorrichtung 90 gezogen und dann die Formteile 12 und 14 samt den zwischen ihnen festgehaltenen Formlingen 20 in der beschriebenen Weise über den Förderer 44 geschwenkt, so daß nun diese Formlinge ebenfalls auf je einer Schwundplatte 96 abgesetzt werden.During the service life of the die casting molds 10 in the second casting station 80, as soon as the die casting molds in the first casting station 78 are ready for reuse, the clamping frame 50 is moved from the second casting station 80 into the first casting station 78 and lowered into its operating position. After the service life of the pressure casting molds 10 standing in the second casting station 80, their cores 16 and 18 are drawn by means of the core pulling device 90 and then the molded parts 12 and 14 together with the moldings 20 held between them are pivoted over the conveyor 44 in the manner described, so that now these moldings are also placed on a shrinkage plate 96 each.

Claims (9)

Anlage zum Druckgießen keramischer Formlinge (20), insbesondere WC-Schüsseln, mit - paarweise zusammengehörigen Formteilschlitten (22,24), die entlang einer Formteilführung (30) gegeneinander verschiebbar sind und je ein Formteil (12, 14) tragen, und - Spannvorrichtungen (82, 84) zum Zusammenspannen der Formteile (14, 16),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß - die Spannvorrichtungen (82, 84) an einem von den Formteilschlitten (22, 24) getrennten Spannrahmen (50) angeordnet sind, der zwischen einer Betriebsstellung (Fig. 3), in der er mindestens ein Paar Formteile (12, 14) umschließt, und einer Ruhestellung (Fig. 4), in der er diese Formteile (12, 14) freigibt, hin- und herbewegbar ist, - mindestens ein zusätzliches Paar Formteile ( 12, 14) auf je einem zusätzlichen Formteilschlitten (22, 24) außerhalb des Spannrahmens (50) angeordnet ist, solange dieser die erstgenannten Formteile (12, 14) umschließt, und - in der Ruhestellung des Spannrahmens (50) eine Relativbeweglichkeit zwischen Spannrahmen (50) und Formteilschlitten (22, 24) gegeben ist, die es dem Spannrahmen (50) ermöglicht, in Betriebsstellung wahlweise die erstgenannten Formteile (12, 14) oder die zusätzlichen Formteile (12, 14) zusammenzuspannen. Plant for die-casting ceramic moldings (20), in particular toilet bowls, with - Paired molding slides (22, 24) which can be moved against each other along a molding guide (30) and each carry a molding (12, 14), and - clamping devices (82, 84) for clamping the molded parts (14, 16) together,
characterized in that the clamping devices (82, 84) are arranged on a clamping frame (50) which is separate from the molded part slide (22, 24) and which between an operating position (FIG. 3) in which it encloses at least one pair of molded parts (12, 14), and a rest position (FIG. 4) in which it releases these molded parts (12, 14) and can be moved back and forth, - At least one additional pair of molded parts (12, 14) is arranged on an additional molded slide (22, 24) outside the clamping frame (50) as long as it surrounds the first-mentioned molded parts (12, 14), and - In the rest position of the tenter frame (50) there is a relative mobility between the tenter frame (50) and the molding slide (22, 24), which enables the tenter frame (50), in the operating position, either the first-mentioned molded parts (12, 14) or the additional molded parts (12, 14) together. Anlage nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spannrahmen (50) für seine Bewegungen zwischen Betriebs- und Ruhestellung heb- und senkbar ist.System according to claim 1,
characterized in that the clamping frame (50) can be raised and lowered for its movements between the operating and rest positions. Anlage nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spannrahmen (50) um eine zur Formteilführung (30) parallele Schwenkachse (62) auf- und abschwenkbar ist.System according to claim 2,
characterized in that the clamping frame (50) can be pivoted up and down about a pivot axis (62) parallel to the molded part guide (30). Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spannrahmen (50) in seiner Ruhestellung parallel zur Formteilführung (30) zwischen Gießstationen (78, 80) hin- und herbewegbar ist, in denen je mindestens ein Paar zusammengehöriger Formteilschlitten (22, 24) angeordnet ist.System according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the clamping frame (50) can be moved back and forth between casting stations (78, 80) in its rest position parallel to the molded part guide (30), in each of which at least one pair of molded slide units (22, 24) belonging together is arranged. Anlage nach Anspruch 4 in Verbindung mit Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spannrahmen (50) um seine Schwenkachse (62) schwenkbar an einem Rahmenschlitten (60) gelagert ist, der parallel zur Schwenkachse an (62) einer Rahmenführung (70) zwischen den Gießstationen (78, 80) hin- und herbewegbar ist und einen Schwenkantrieb (64) zum Schwenken des Spannrahmens (50) trägt.System according to claim 4 in conjunction with claim 3,
characterized in that the tenter frame (50) is pivotally mounted about its pivot axis (62) on a frame slide (60) which can be moved back and forth parallel to the pivot axis on (62) a frame guide (70) between the casting stations (78, 80) and carries a pivot drive (64) for pivoting the clamping frame (50). Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formteilführung (30) für jedes Paar zusammengehöriger Formteilschlitten (22, 24) eine ortsfeste zylindrische erste Stange (32) aufweist, auf der die zugehörigen Formteilschlitten (22, 24) verschiebbar und schwenkbar gelagert sind, und daß parallel zu der ersten Stange (32) eine zweite Stange (36) angeordnet ist, die sich durch die zugehörigen Formteilschlitten (22, 24) hindurcherstreckt, diese ebenfalls führt und gemeinsam mit ihnen mittels eines Schwenkantriebs (64) um die erste Stange (32) schwenkbar ist.System according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the molding guide (30) for each pair of molding slides (22, 24) belonging together has a stationary cylindrical first rod (32) on which the associated molding slides (22, 24) are slidably and pivotably mounted, and that parallel to the a second rod (36) is arranged in the first rod (32), which extends through the associated molded part slides (22, 24), also guides them and can be pivoted together with them by means of a swivel drive (64) about the first rod (32). Anlage nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Stange (36) an einem Paar Joche (38) befestigt ist, die auf der ersten Stange (32) schwenkbar gelagert und mit je einem der zugehörigen Formteilschlitten ( 22, 24) durch je einen Verschiebeantrieb (46, 48) verbunden sind.System according to claim 6,
characterized in that the second rod (36) is fastened to a pair of yokes (38) which are pivotably mounted on the first rod (32) and each with one of the associated molded part slides (22, 24) by a respective displacement drive (46, 48 ) are connected. Anlage nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gemeinsame Schwenkantrieb (40) für die zusammengehörigen Formteilschlitten (22, 24) an einem der Joche (38) angreift.System according to claim 7,
characterized in that the common swivel drive (40) for the associated molded slide (22, 24) acts on one of the yokes (38). Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zur Formteilführung (30) ein Förderer (44) angeordnet ist, auf dem die gegossenen Formlinge (20) ablegbar sind.Installation according to one of claims 1 to 8
characterized in that a conveyor (44) is arranged parallel to the molded part guide (30), on which the cast moldings (20) can be deposited.
EP93102964A 1992-02-28 1993-02-25 Plant for the pressurized slip casting of ceramic products, in particular of toilet bowls Expired - Lifetime EP0557995B1 (en)

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DE4206279A DE4206279C1 (en) 1992-02-28 1992-02-28
DE4206279 1992-02-28

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DE19725942A1 (en) * 1997-06-19 1998-12-24 Sama Maschinenbau Gmbh Pressure-casting equipment for sanitary articles
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EP1621305A3 (en) * 1999-11-19 2006-06-28 Kohler Co. Method and apparatus for casting a plumbing fixture
WO2011061593A1 (en) 2009-11-17 2011-05-26 Maprof Sas Di Renzo Moschini E C. Method for manufacturing monolithic bodies by means of a casting or injection molding process
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DE19725107C1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1998-10-22 Thuringia Netzsch Feinkeramik Die=casting plant for ceramics, such as sanitary ware
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WO1995003160A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-02-02 Erich Netzsch Gmbh & Co. Holding Kg Casting installation and process for pressure-casting ceramic items
US5922258A (en) * 1995-04-04 1999-07-13 S.I.T.A. S.P.A. Societa Impianti Termoelettrici Industriali Method and device for forming complex sanitary fittings
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DE19955629A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-23 Sama Maschb Gmbh Appliance and method for casting article involve middle and side casting molds, inner cores and first and second casting parts.
EP1621305A3 (en) * 1999-11-19 2006-06-28 Kohler Co. Method and apparatus for casting a plumbing fixture
WO2011061593A1 (en) 2009-11-17 2011-05-26 Maprof Sas Di Renzo Moschini E C. Method for manufacturing monolithic bodies by means of a casting or injection molding process
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ITBO20100173A1 (en) * 2010-03-18 2011-09-19 Sacmi MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC MANUFACTURES.
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Also Published As

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DE59300493D1 (en) 1995-09-28
ES2075730T3 (en) 1995-10-01
DE4206279C1 (en) 1993-04-22
EP0557995B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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