EP0556652A2 - Elektromechanische Schutzeinrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromechanische Schutzeinrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0556652A2
EP0556652A2 EP93101726A EP93101726A EP0556652A2 EP 0556652 A2 EP0556652 A2 EP 0556652A2 EP 93101726 A EP93101726 A EP 93101726A EP 93101726 A EP93101726 A EP 93101726A EP 0556652 A2 EP0556652 A2 EP 0556652A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
semiconductor switch
protective device
magnetic
commutation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93101726A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0556652A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow
Inventor
Fritz Pohl
Wilfried Jaehner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0556652A2 publication Critical patent/EP0556652A2/de
Publication of EP0556652A3 publication Critical patent/EP0556652A3/xx
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromechanical protective device for a semiconductor switch to which a commutation switch is assigned.
  • Combinations of semiconductor switches and mechanical switches are known as hybrid switches.
  • the mechanical switch carries the continuous current when it is switched on, while the semiconductor switch enables the current branch to be switched on and off without arcing. Since semiconductor switches are not short-circuit proof, they require special protective devices against excessive current loads.
  • a known embodiment of a switching device for a consumer contains a series connection of a mechanical switch with a semiconductor switch, which takes over the arc-free switching on and off of the consumer in nominal operation.
  • a commutation contact which is provided with a drive, is connected in parallel with the semiconductor switch.
  • the mechanical switch In the event of a short circuit, the mechanical switch is triggered by its n-release.
  • the switching arc commutates from the contact point to a running rail and is finally separated and switched off in a quenching chamber by quenching plates.
  • the semiconductor current branch to the fixed contact of the mechanical switch is de-energized and the I2t heat load of the semiconductor only reaches about 1/10 to 1/20 of the forward I2t value.
  • the semiconductor switch can be subjected to current changes with a steep rise due to arcing backfire between the running rail and the fixed contact (US Pat. No. 4,725,911).
  • the invention is based on the object of improving and further developing this known embodiment of an electromechanical protective device for the semiconductor switch, in particular the commutation switch is also intended to carry the current in rated operation and to relieve the semiconductor switch quickly in the event of a short circuit.
  • the commutation switch is switched on in nominal operation by the second magnet coil of the magnetic drive after the first semiconductor switch and switched off before the first semiconductor switch, so that the first semiconductor switch takes over the switching function in the nominal operation of the consumer, however is relieved of the nominal current. In rated operation, an electrical power loss of the first semiconductor switch is thus largely avoided by the switched-on commutation switch.
  • the second magnetic coil is excited with a control current for the operational switching on and off of the first semiconductor switch. Both solenoids work in the same magnetic release and are supplied from the same phase, so that no opposite magnetizations can occur.
  • the commutation switch is switched on without delay by the first magnetic coil through which the short-circuit current flows, preferably within 1 ms, and the first semiconductor switch is immediately relieved.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an electromechanical protective device according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 each show a further embodiment of this device.
  • Figure 4 an embodiment of the protective device as a hybrid switch is shown in section. This device is illustrated in a top view in FIG.
  • a consumer 2 is connected via a semiconductor switch 4, for example two antiparallel thyristors, to which a commutation switch 7 with a parallel connection of an undelayed switch contact 8 and a delayed switch contact 9, and a power switch 6 are connected to a power supply line , which is designated L and N in the figure.
  • the semiconductor switch 4 is bridged by the commutation switch 7.
  • the commutation switch 7 is assigned a magnetic drive 10 with two magnetic coils 11 and 12, of which the first magnetic coil 11 is arranged in series with the first semiconductor switch 4.
  • the second magnetic coil 12 is connected in parallel with a second semiconductor switch 5 of the series circuit comprising the magnetic coil 11 and the consumer 2.
  • a control voltage source 14 and a control contact 16 are provided, which can be actuated by a control set 18.
  • the commutation switch 7 is actuated by the second solenoid 12 of the magnetic drive 10 so that it is after the time in nominal operation of the consumer 2 Semiconductor switch 4 is turned on and timed off before the semiconductor switch 4.
  • the control unit 18 sends a switch-on signal to the two semiconductor switches 4 and 5 via the control switch 16, which switches on the semiconductor switches 4 and 5 without delay.
  • the magnetic coil 12 receives a control current via the semiconductor switches 4 and 5, which actuates the magnetic drive 10 and switches on the commutation switch 7.
  • a switch-off signal reaches the semiconductor switch 5 without delay and switches the commutation switch 7 off with the magnetic coil 12. With the predetermined time delay, the semiconductor switch 4 and thus the consumer 2 are also switched off in the nominal operation of the consumer 2.
  • This electromechanical protective device for the semiconductor switch 4 is provided for remote-controlled, relatively frequent switching of the consumer 2, the electrical losses of the semiconductor switch 4 being small during the switching processes and a heat sink not being required.
  • the neutral connection can be used to reduce the number of conductor connections between the solenoid 12 and the N-rail supplied through a control connection and connected internally.
  • the line protection is taken over by the upstream circuit breaker 6, which can then preferably be a line circuit breaker.
  • the commutation switch 7 remains in the switched-on state as long as the consumer 2 is to remain switched on. If a short circuit occurs while the commutation switch 7 is closed, the short circuit current flows through the circuit breaker 6 and the switch contact 8. The electrical components connected in parallel with the switch contact, in particular the semiconductor switch 4, are therefore not loaded by the short circuit current. Since the second solenoid 12 only switches on the switching contact 8 after a predetermined delay, for example after a few milliseconds, the semiconductor switch 4 needs to be protected against short-circuit when the short-circuit is switched on by actuating the commutation switch 7 by the first solenoid 11 within a short time, which generally does not significantly exceed 1 ms and is preferably between 0.5 ms and 1 ms.
  • the two magnetic coils 11 and 12 generate a rectified magnetic field and therefore do not interfere with simultaneous operation.
  • the semiconductor switch 4 is thus already protected against short-circuit consequences.
  • the protection is provided by the very fast switching on of the switching contact 8 by means of the first magnet coil 11.
  • the commutation switch 7 is given such a strong contact force by the magnet drive 10 with the magnet coils 11 and 12 that it can carry the short circuit current without Open electricity forces.
  • the commutation switch 7 connects the semiconductor switch in series 4 bridged with the solenoid 11. In the event of a short circuit, the solenoid 11 thus switches the switch 4 and turns itself off.
  • a circuit breaker is provided as the upstream switch 6 and takes over the short-circuit protection of the consumer 2.
  • a trigger in particular a thermal trigger 28, can be arranged in series with the consumer 2, for example between the consumer 2 and the semiconductor switch 4, which acts in the event of an overcurrent on the control switch 16 and the semiconductor switches 4 and 5 and so that the commutation switch 7 is actuated.
  • a magnetic core 30 is concentrically surrounded by the first magnetic coil 11 and the second magnetic coil 12.
  • the magnetic core 30 is firmly connected to a plunger 32 made of insulating material.
  • An armature 34 which forms the common movable part of the commutation switch 7 with its two switching contacts 8 and 9, is movably mounted on this plunger 32 in the axial direction.
  • a movable contact ring 36 and a fixed contact ring 37 form the switch contact 8, while the armature 34 forms the delayed switch contact 9 as a movable contact with the fixed magnetic core 30.
  • the armature 34 is arranged in an insulating sleeve 38 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
  • This insulating sleeve 38 serves as a guide body for the armature 34 and thus for the switching contact 9 and insulates the yoke 40 of the magnetic drive 10 relative to the armature 34.
  • the insulating sleeve 38 can in particular at least partially consist of ferritic material.
  • the lower end of the magnetic coil 11, which is designed for the short-circuit current, can for example be electrically conductively connected to the yoke 40.
  • a motor provided as a consumer 2 is also connected to this end.
  • the upper end of the coil 11 is connected to the two semiconductor switches 4 and 5.
  • the second magnetic coil 12 provided for the nominal operation is connected between the semiconductor switch 5 and the neutral pole N of the power supply.
  • the circuit breaker 6, for example a circuit breaker, and also the first semiconductor switch 4 are connected to the connection terminal of the commutation switch 7, which is not described in any more detail.
  • the magnetic core 30 can be provided with a short-circuiting ring, not shown in the figure, which encloses part of the pole face, preferably about 50% of the pole face.
  • the main magnetic flux between the armature 34 and the magnetic core 30 induces an electric current in the short-circuit ring. This generates two partial magnetic fluxes with opposite signs in the pole faces of the armature 34 and the magnetic core 30.
  • the total magnetic flux results from the superposition of the main magnetic flux with the partial magnetic fluxes.
  • the induction distribution over the air gap cross-section which is part of the total flow, is distinguished by the fact that the induction when the coils 11 or 12 (50 Hz) are switched on at no time becomes zero in the entire air gap and therefore the magnetic force always remains greater than zero. This avoids contact uncertainties on the contact devices.
  • the connecting conductor 42 is connected to the circuit breaker 6 and the semiconductor switch 4.
  • a device in the event of a short-circuit at the consumer 2, can be activated which interrupts the signal line of the magnetic release 10 and actuates a restart lock.
  • the embodiments according to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 4 can also be used in a three-pole device with three mains connections L1, L2, L3 and one connection of the neutral conductor N, or in a four-pole device with mains connections L1, L2, L3 and N. , be integrated.
  • the control signals of the control contact 16 then act on all three phases and the switching on or off always takes place with three or four poles.

Landscapes

  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP93101726A 1992-02-17 1993-02-04 Elektromechanische Schutzeinrichtung Ceased EP0556652A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4204729 1992-02-17
DE4204729 1992-02-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0556652A2 true EP0556652A2 (de) 1993-08-25
EP0556652A3 EP0556652A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=6451905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101726A Ceased EP0556652A2 (de) 1992-02-17 1993-02-04 Elektromechanische Schutzeinrichtung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US5410442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0556652A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08148072A (ja) * 1994-11-18 1996-06-07 Alps Electric Co Ltd ブレーカ内蔵スイッチ
FR2742916B1 (fr) * 1995-12-21 1998-01-16 Schneider Electric Sa Dispositif electrique a commutation d'arc
US20080170185A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-07-17 Ghang Kim Liquid crystal display device and method of making the same
DE102011078034A1 (de) * 2011-06-24 2012-12-27 Siemens Ag Schaltvorrichtung
DE102014008706A1 (de) * 2014-06-18 2015-12-24 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Trennschalter zur Gleichstromunterbrechung

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1470351A (fr) * 1965-12-30 1967-02-24 Cem Comp Electro Mec Contacteur hybride à semi-conducteurs pour courant continu
US3985713A (en) * 1971-05-03 1976-10-12 Atlantic Richfield Company Cyclic nitriles as crosslinking agents and compositions therefrom
NL7303305A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-04-18 1973-09-18
DE2532593B2 (de) * 1975-07-21 1977-12-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrische schalteinrichtung
CH599702A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-09-27 1978-05-31 Siemens Ag
US4012673A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-03-15 Richdel, Inc. Timing valve control system
DE2702181C3 (de) * 1977-01-20 1980-03-27 B & B Steuerungstechnik Gmbh, 2400 Luebeck Kurzschluß-Schutzschaltung für über Halbleiterschalter ein- oder ausschaltbare Geräte, insbesondere für Lichtsteuergeräte
US4225895A (en) * 1977-11-28 1980-09-30 Hjertman Bengt N V Device for closing or interrupting an electric alternating current arising on a line
US4276631A (en) * 1978-04-03 1981-06-30 Izumi Denki Corporation Electronic timer
DE3236733C2 (de) * 1982-10-04 1984-11-15 Telefunken electronic GmbH, 7100 Heilbronn Schaltungsanordnung zum verlustarmen Schalten großer Leistungen
FR2536904B1 (fr) * 1982-11-29 1985-11-08 Merlin Gerin Circuit electronique de commande d'un appareillage a fonctionnement multiple equipe d'un mecanisme a electro-aimant
DE3341947A1 (de) * 1983-11-21 1985-05-30 Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. 8033 Krailling Lauerer Elektronisch-mechanischer schalter
GB8406047D0 (en) * 1984-03-08 1984-04-11 Lucas Ind Plc Ac circuit controller
FR2584529B1 (fr) * 1985-07-04 1995-01-06 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur-contacteur electrique, notamment pour des batteries de condensateurs
DE3710520C2 (de) * 1987-03-30 1996-12-19 Siemens Ag Fernantrieb für Schutzschalter
DE3833128A1 (de) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetischer ausloeser, insbesondere fuer leitungsschutzschalter
DE4012470A1 (de) * 1990-04-19 1991-10-24 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Einrichtung zum schonen von relaiskontakten
DE4040359C2 (de) * 1990-12-17 1994-01-27 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Kurzschlußschutz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0556652A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1994-03-23
US5410442A (en) 1995-04-25

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