EP0546341A1 - Méthode pour l'examen d'une pièce de monnaie - Google Patents

Méthode pour l'examen d'une pièce de monnaie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546341A1
EP0546341A1 EP92119438A EP92119438A EP0546341A1 EP 0546341 A1 EP0546341 A1 EP 0546341A1 EP 92119438 A EP92119438 A EP 92119438A EP 92119438 A EP92119438 A EP 92119438A EP 0546341 A1 EP0546341 A1 EP 0546341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coin
sensor
light
circular path
measured values
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92119438A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Rüetschi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ascom Autelca AG
Original Assignee
Ascom Autelca AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascom Autelca AG filed Critical Ascom Autelca AG
Publication of EP0546341A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546341A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
    • G07D5/005—Testing the surface pattern, e.g. relief
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking a coin, in which measured values are recorded sequentially with at least one optical sensor along a concentric circular path lying on a main surface of the coin and compared with a stored detection pattern.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • EP 0245805-A2 describes a coin validator in which the coin is held between two coils and the characteristic attenuation of a high-frequency signal caused by the coin is detected.
  • the disadvantage of the inductive measuring principle is that only an integral measurement can be carried out.
  • Devices have therefore been developed in which the coin is scanned optically.
  • the optical sensor allows the scanning of a precisely defined point on the surface of the coin.
  • a coin validator is known in which a main surface of the coin is scanned with an optical sensor on a concentric circular path. The coin is guided past the sensor on a runway under the effect of its own weight. The scanning on a circular path is brought about by the fact that the runway has the form of a loop. The optical sampling point is located in the center of the loop.
  • the problem with this coin validator is that the coin performs a combined rolling and sliding movement, which results in "smearing" of the detected signal.
  • the object of the invention is now to provide a method for checking coins that can be carried out with simple means and at the same time allows a detailed analysis of the coin. It is also an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the solution is that in a method of the type mentioned at the outset, a relative angle of rotation between the coin and the sensor is detected, so that each measured value can be assigned a precisely defined relative angular position.
  • the main advantage over the known methods is that the measured values have a precisely defined relationship to the degree of rotation of the coin.
  • the constant phase shift for all measured values can be eliminated very easily by calculation.
  • the angle of rotation can e.g. are detected in that the rotation of the holder fixing the coin or. of the sensor scanning the coin is only monitored or is specifically controlled.
  • the measured values are preferably recorded in such a way that they lie on the circular path in exactly equidistant positions. Each measured value corresponds to a clearly identifiable measuring point.
  • the measuring points advantageously cover the circular path completely and completely. Equidistantly arranged measuring points result in a particularly simple signal evaluation.
  • a device for carrying out the method has an optical sensor for sequential recording of measured values along the concentric circular path and first means for comparing the recorded measured values with a recognition pattern.
  • a device is further characterized by a holder for holding the coin, second means for generating a relative movement between the coin held in the holder and the optical sensor and third means for monitoring the generated relative movement.
  • the device according to the invention manages with a single optical sensor that is focused on one point.
  • the circular path is scanned successively (continuously or step by step) with the single sensor.
  • only one sensor (with point-shaped tracing rich) needed.
  • two or more circular paths (with different radii) can also be scanned at the same time with a corresponding number of sensors.
  • An important aspect of the invention is that the relative movement between the coin and the sensor is kept under control. This is achieved in that the coin is clamped centered in a special holder and that this holder and not the coin alone is set in rotation.
  • the mechanics with which the holder is rotated can be manufactured by the designer with the desired accuracy. In other words, the "mechanical interface", with which the movement of the coin is controlled, can be handled much better with the invention than with the prior art.
  • the relative movement that has taken place is e.g. monitored with a control circuit or. registered and / or controlled. If a stepper motor is used to generate the relative movement, then the movement is monitored by means of the control pulses.
  • An angle disk can also be provided on the rotating part, with which the degree of rotation can be detected and a measured value can be recorded at the desired location.
  • each coin is characterized by a series of pairs of values, one part of a pair of values being a detected reflection value and the other an angular position.
  • the coin can be identified using this pattern.
  • the second means preferably rotate the sensor around the center of the coin on the predetermined circular path. So the coin is held and only the sensor is moved. From a purely kinematic point of view, it may be meaningless whether the sensor rotates and the holder rests with the coin or, conversely, the holder is rotated and the sensor rests. For design reasons, it is usually better to rotate the sensor.
  • the holder is relatively complex because it has to be able to center different coins precisely fixed.
  • the optical sensor is preferably constructed in the manner of a light barrier.
  • a light-emitting semiconductor element in particular a light-emitting diode as a transmitter
  • a light-sensitive semiconductor element in particular a phototransistor as a receiver
  • small optics the light-emitting diode and phototransistor are set to a common focus point in the sense of a reflection detector.
  • a light barrier element with a working distance of a few millimeters, e.g. 5 mm.
  • the relative movement is advantageously generated with a stepper motor. This represents a simple and precise means of generating and monitoring the relative movement.
  • the sensor is fixed on a carrier which is rotated in a plane parallel to the main surface of the coin.
  • the carrier is held at a defined distance from the coin surface by an axially arranged spacer.
  • the carrier is axially displaceable. To scan the circular path, the spacer element is brought into contact with the coin and withdrawn to replace the coin.
  • the carrier is fixed on the axis driven by the stepper motor and is moved axially with the stepper motor together with an electromagnetic linear drive.
  • the stroke of the axial movement need not be very large.
  • the axis on which the carrier is fixed can be an extension of the stepper motor axis or a separate axis driven by a gear.
  • the sensor is designed so that there is a beam diameter of 0.1 to 0.3 mm at the focal point. If the beam diameter is too small, the measurement becomes sensitive to dirt on the surface or (irrelevant) scratches in the coin. If, on the other hand, it is too large, the desired fine resolution can no longer be achieved. Finally, it should also be noted that the smaller the beam diameter, the more sensitive the measurement to centering errors. These considerations have shown that a diameter in the order of 0.2 mm is particularly advantageous.
  • a differential light detection can be carried out.
  • a control circuit modulates the intensity of the light-emitting diode, and a suitable circuit registers the difference value in the reflection component.
  • a coin 1 is scanned on a concentric circular path 2 with a predetermined radius.
  • a series IV of measuring points 3.1, 3.2 ... 3.N is scanned with an optical sensor (described later).
  • the measuring points have exactly defined relative angular positions to each other.
  • the two measuring points 3.1 and 3.2 are at a precisely determined angle a ; spaced.
  • the absolute position of a measuring point ie the position in relation to the minted image of the coin on the surface of the coin, on the other hand, is not known a priori. However, it can be determined retrospectively when all measuring points 3.1 to 3.N have been recorded and evaluated.
  • the "phase error" is the same for all measuring points. Basically, it can be calculated without problems (e.g. using a correlation method), but in practice it is of no interest.
  • the measuring points 3.1 to 3.N have a predetermined diameter, which is determined by the sensor. Typically, the measuring points 3.1 to 3.N are more or less circular and have a diameter between 0.1 and 0.3 mm. The measurement points 3.1 to 3.N are preferably so close to one another that they at least touch one another, if not partially overlap. The circular path 2 is then completely covered.
  • the recognition pattern of a coin therefore consists of a series of pairs of values (angle, intensity).
  • the difference compared to the prior art could be expressed in that, in the known scanning methods, the time and not the angle would be plotted on the abscissa.
  • the time interval is generally known, but not the angular one. As already mentioned, this is due to the fact that, in the prior art, there is an uncontrollable slip when rotating the coin because of the rolling movement which cannot be precisely controlled.
  • the method according to the invention is based on a reflection measurement.
  • the measuring point is illuminated with a small light source and the light reflected at a predetermined angle is measured.
  • the intensity of the reflected light depends on the one hand on the curvature or inclination of the illuminated surface and on the other hand on the distance between the sensor and the surface of the coin.
  • the quality of the surface and the degree of contamination also play a role. It is important for the invention that all those influences that are not caused by the embossing itself can be eliminated. These include e.g. Errors in the beam geometry or effects of scattered light. Geometric errors can be kept under control by means of a radiation geometry that is invariable with respect to the center of the coin and by precise mechanics. Stray light influences are preferably eliminated by a differential light measurement, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 3.
  • S 1 is, for example, a square wave signal with a frequency of a few kHz (eg 5 kHz).
  • t 1 the coin is in a certain angular position.
  • a measurement must now be carried out within a certain time interval t 2 -ti.
  • the reflected light component is therefore measured in a selected interval t 12 -t 11 , in which the measuring point is illuminated by the light source.
  • the measured value determined in this way contains the proportion of useful light and scattered light.
  • a scattered light measurement is carried out in a second interval of the same length t 13 -t12. The difference is then determined from the two measured values. This can already be done in the sensor, so that a measurement value adjusted for stray light can be read out. The difference can, however, just as well be made in a separate evaluation circuit.
  • the measured values are preferably standardized in terms of amplitude.
  • the normalization can be based on the mean, the variance or some other general weighting.
  • the recorded series of measured values is evaluated using methods known per se. It can e.g. can be cross-correlated with a stored recognition pattern. Performing an integral transformation (e.g. Fourier transformation) would be somewhat more complex, but would be useful in principle. The calculation of the center of gravity or the determination of the minima and maxima would be less computationally intensive, but also less differentiated.
  • an integral transformation e.g. Fourier transformation
  • the coin 1 is fixed in a holder 4.
  • Guide plates 5.1, 5.2 overlap the coin 1 on the edge and thus prevent it from falling out.
  • the holder 4 is designed such that coins with different diameters always lie at the same point with their center.
  • Such a coin holder is known for example from EP 0245805 cited at the beginning.
  • other coin holders are also conceivable.
  • the coin can also be centered between two arms which can be moved in opposite directions and are provided with V-shaped cutouts.
  • a structure is connected to the holder 4, which essentially serves to move the optical sensor along the concentric circular path.
  • a carrier plate 7 is provided, the support elements 6.1 to 6.3 with the bracket 4 and. whose guide plates 5.1 and 5.2 are connected.
  • the carrier plate 7 is parallel to the surface of the coin.
  • two guide rods 8.1 and 8.2 protrude vertically to the rear.
  • a motor mount 12 is guided on these two guide rods 8.1 and 8.2.
  • the motor mount 12 has appropriately designed bores with linear ball bearings 10.1 and 10.2 arranged therein. The motor mount 12 can therefore be moved back and forth perpendicular to the surface of the coin.
  • a stepper motor 13 is attached to the motor mount 12. Its axis is perpendicular to the surface of the coin.
  • the support plate 7 has a hole for an extension piece 14 at a corresponding point, which is screwed onto the axis of the stepping motor 13.
  • the extension piece 14 continues the axis up to the surface of the coin.
  • a sensor carrier 15 is attached to it and can be rotated in a plane parallel to the coin surface around the center of the coin.
  • the optical sensor 19 e.g. a light barrier element
  • a spacer element 16 is attached to the front of the extension piece 14. It is located on the axis of rotation and defines the distance between the sensor 19 and the surface of the coin 1 during the scanning.
  • Fig. 6 the two guide rods 8.1 and 8.2 are drawn on the side, on which the motor bracket 12 slides. 6 above and below, two electromagnets 17.1 and 17.2 are provided. They are therefore offset by 90 ° with respect to the axis of the stepping motor 13 with respect to the guide rods 8.1 and 8.2. They are there to pull the motor mount 12 and thus the stepper motor 13, the axis extension piece 14, the sensor mount 15 and the spacer element 16 against the force of the coil springs 9.1 and 9.2 to the front, ie against the coin 1.
  • Two anchors 18.1 and 18.2 are therefore provided, which are fastened to the carrier plate 7 and can be drawn into themselves by the electromagnets 17.1 and 17.2.
  • the spacer element 16 is pressed onto the main surface of the coin 1.
  • the coin 1 is additionally fixed in this way.
  • a defined distance between the sensor and the main surface of the coin 1 to be scanned is created.
  • Fig. 7 shows a detailed view of the sensor carrier 15 with the sensor 19 held by it.
  • the sensor carrier 15 is, for example, a plate which, respectively, on the axis of the stepping motor. is screwed onto the extension piece 14.
  • the sensor 19 itself is preferably a commercially available light barrier module. Such includes a light emitting diode 21, a phototransistor 22 and Lin sen 24 and 25, which ensure that light emitting diode 21 and phototransistor 22 are aligned to a common focus point. In principle, the small reflections of the embossing characteristically impair the optimal reflection. It is obvious that the coin signal is falsified if the sensor 19 is not at a constant mean distance from the surface of the coin.
  • a very important measure is therefore that the sensor carrier 15 is moved absolutely parallel to the coin 1.
  • a second preferred measure consists in that a plastic cap 20 is fastened on the axis of rotation, which is pressed onto the scanned main surface of the coin 1 by the force of the electromagnets 17.1 and 17.2.
  • a circular path is completely scanned with one and the same sensor.
  • the sensor carrier 15 must be rotated by at least 360. It must be guaranteed in every angular position that the sensor 19 can be controlled with a control signal (S1) and the corresponding measured values can be recorded.
  • a connection cable 23 with the supply and removal wires around the axis, respectively. the extension piece 14 passed around in several loose turns. In this way, free cable length is created which is picked up during the scanning (i.e. during the rotation). can be delivered.
  • the flexural rigidity of the cable material keeps the connecting cable 23 spirally spaced from the extension piece 14. The cable will therefore not get jammed or tangled.
  • measuring points are advantageous, but not mandatory. If necessary, it is easily possible to determine interim values by interpolation. It is of course important that the distances between the measuring points are chosen so that no relevant points in the coinage pattern of the coin to be scanned can be skipped.
  • the checked coins are sorted by the machine.
  • a trolley moves back and forth between the opening slots of various coin collecting containers and drops the coin at a suitable point.
  • the linear movement of the trolley, on which a suitably rotatable sensor is mounted can be converted into a rotary movement using a rack and pinion gear.
  • a stepper motor arranged on the carriage itself for rotating the sensor can then be omitted or. be replaced by a rack and pinion gear.
  • the linear advance of the sensor for the purpose of setting the desired working distance can also be effected by means other than electromagnets.
  • a linear motor or stepper motor can be used. If a precisely defined distance can be achieved without the preferred distance element, then the linear feed can be dispensed with altogether.
  • the structural details are not essential for the success of the invention. For a person skilled in the art, modifications result from the entirety of the description.
  • the invention preferably works with one sensor per circular path. To improve the series of measured values, two or more sensors can also be "rotated" at the same time.
  • an arrangement with a light source and a plurality of photodetectors measuring simultaneously at different angles can also be provided.
  • the coin can also be illuminated over the whole area and scanned locally.
  • Several sensors can also be scanned on the same circular path, the individual sensors being offset by the same angle (e.g. 4 sensors offset by 90).
  • a relative rotation between coin and sensor arrangement by a fraction of 360 e.g. by 900 is sufficient to detect an entire circular path.
  • a single sensor then scans only one sector of the circular path.
  • the invention is characterized by high-resolution embossing recognition.
  • the device combines high precision and spatial compactness. Uncontrolled degrees of freedom and therefore sources of error are largely eliminated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Coins (AREA)
EP92119438A 1991-12-10 1992-11-13 Méthode pour l'examen d'une pièce de monnaie Withdrawn EP0546341A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3629/91 1991-12-10
CH362991A CH683463A5 (de) 1991-12-10 1991-12-10 Verfahren zum Prüfen einer Münze.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546341A1 true EP0546341A1 (fr) 1993-06-16

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1136957A1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-26 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH Dispositif de contrôle optique d'une pièce de monnaie
US6417471B1 (en) * 1999-03-08 2002-07-09 F. Zimmerman Gmbh & Co., Kg Device for recognizing coins
EP2281279A1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2011-02-09 Coinsecure, Inc. Appareil pour produire des signatures optiques à partir de la frappe de la monnaie
WO2012038670A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-29 Parkeon Dispositif sélecteur de pièces de monnaie
CN111932764A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-11-13 范小英 一种新型游戏代币及游戏代币验证装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH479128A (de) * 1968-06-07 1969-09-30 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Münzprüfvorrichtung
CH503338A (fr) * 1969-02-04 1971-02-15 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Dispositif d'identification de pièces de monnaie
CH503337A (fr) * 1969-02-04 1971-02-15 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Dispositif d'identification de pièces de monnaie
DE2306187A1 (de) * 1973-02-08 1974-08-15 Josef Mergili Optoelekttonischer muenzpruefer
US3921003A (en) 1973-10-03 1975-11-18 Mars Inc Apparatus for identifying coins
EP0245805A2 (fr) 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Ascom Autelca Ag Dispositif de vérification de pièces de monnaie
WO1991006072A1 (fr) * 1989-10-17 1991-05-02 Datalab Oy Procede et moyen d'identification d'une piece de monnaie
GB2248333A (en) * 1990-07-18 1992-04-01 Act Soft Hardware Arrangement for testing the physical characteristics of coins

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH479128A (de) * 1968-06-07 1969-09-30 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Münzprüfvorrichtung
CH503338A (fr) * 1969-02-04 1971-02-15 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Dispositif d'identification de pièces de monnaie
CH503337A (fr) * 1969-02-04 1971-02-15 Sodeco Compteurs De Geneve Dispositif d'identification de pièces de monnaie
DE2306187A1 (de) * 1973-02-08 1974-08-15 Josef Mergili Optoelekttonischer muenzpruefer
US3921003A (en) 1973-10-03 1975-11-18 Mars Inc Apparatus for identifying coins
EP0245805A2 (fr) 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Ascom Autelca Ag Dispositif de vérification de pièces de monnaie
WO1991006072A1 (fr) * 1989-10-17 1991-05-02 Datalab Oy Procede et moyen d'identification d'une piece de monnaie
GB2248333A (en) * 1990-07-18 1992-04-01 Act Soft Hardware Arrangement for testing the physical characteristics of coins

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Reconnaissance de relief: Les multiples possibilites de ToptoeTectromque", MESURE-REGULATION-AUTOMATISME, February 1981 (1981-02-01), pages 57 - 61

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6417471B1 (en) * 1999-03-08 2002-07-09 F. Zimmerman Gmbh & Co., Kg Device for recognizing coins
EP1136957A1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-26 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH Dispositif de contrôle optique d'une pièce de monnaie
EP2281279A1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2011-02-09 Coinsecure, Inc. Appareil pour produire des signatures optiques à partir de la frappe de la monnaie
EP2281279B1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2015-11-04 Coinsecure, Inc. Appareil pour produire des signatures optiques à partir de la frappe de la monnaie
WO2012038670A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-29 Parkeon Dispositif sélecteur de pièces de monnaie
FR2965389A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-30 Parkeon Dispositif selecteur de pieces de monnaie
CN111932764A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-11-13 范小英 一种新型游戏代币及游戏代币验证装置
CN111932764B (zh) * 2020-06-10 2022-09-13 灵芒科技(杭州)有限公司 一种游戏代币验证装置

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