EP0544291A1 - Procédé et appareillage pour la fabrication de mousse métallique - Google Patents

Procédé et appareillage pour la fabrication de mousse métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0544291A1
EP0544291A1 EP92120200A EP92120200A EP0544291A1 EP 0544291 A1 EP0544291 A1 EP 0544291A1 EP 92120200 A EP92120200 A EP 92120200A EP 92120200 A EP92120200 A EP 92120200A EP 0544291 A1 EP0544291 A1 EP 0544291A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
channel
metal
molten metal
gas supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92120200A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Linke
Wolfgang Jungk
Egon Fischer
Georg Maurus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WALZWERK HETTSTEDT AG
Pantec Paneltechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
WALZWERK HETTSTEDT AG
Pantec Paneltechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WALZWERK HETTSTEDT AG, Pantec Paneltechnik GmbH filed Critical WALZWERK HETTSTEDT AG
Publication of EP0544291A1 publication Critical patent/EP0544291A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a metal foam according to the preamble of claims 1 and 8.
  • a method of this type is described in WO 91/03578.
  • a gas lance is arranged in a molten metal, the longitudinal end of which is closed off by a plate-like cover element in such a way that a radial outlet gap for the gas introduced arises between this cover element and the gas lance.
  • the gas emerges in the radial direction with the creation of turbulence, wherein a good penetration of the molten metal with the gas is to be ensured.
  • a skimming area for the metal foam formed there is formed on the surface of the metal bath above the gas outlet opening of the gas lance, so that a flat metal foam layer can be removed by a conveyor belt adjoining the skimming area.
  • the thickness of the metal foam layer varies greatly and that the homogeneity of the aluminum foam layer and the size of the enclosed gas bubbles do not yet work fully satisfactorily with regard to a desired narrow distribution of the gas bubble size.
  • the foaming process is carried out in a channel with a precisely defined cross section.
  • the metal foam molded body emerging from this channel therefore has a profile which corresponds exactly to the profile which is forced on the metal foam body by the profile of the channel.
  • the channel is preferably formed in a mold that has an interchangeable mouthpiece for using mouthpieces with different channel profiles.
  • the mouthpiece contains that channel section which lies above the phase boundary metal melt / metal foam, which is predetermined by the level of the metal melt in the channel.
  • the channel can run horizontally, inclined or vertically.
  • the channel is horizontal in the area of the feed and discharge opening educated.
  • a vertical channel section is arranged between the two horizontal sections, in which the gas supply for forming the metal foam is arranged.
  • the transitions between differently oriented channel sections are designed to be continuously curved so that the formation of edges in the channel is avoided, on which gas bubbles can settle or swirling of the metal melt can occur.
  • the molten metal can consist of all metals that are suitable for foaming. These are, for example, aluminum, steel, zinc, lead, nickel, magnesium, copper and their alloys.
  • the metal matrix can contain stabilizing particles made of refractory material, e.g. Contain silicon carbide or aluminum oxide.
  • the metal matrix composite (MMC) material can either be melted for the first time or melted again as recycling material.
  • the size and the size distribution of the gas bubbles present in the metal foam are controlled via the feed rate of the molten metal, the gas and possibly via the content of stabilizing particles or foreign substances that affect viscosity.
  • the gas supply is preferably arranged in the lower region of the vertical channel section, the level of the metal melt, which forms the phase boundary between the metal melt and metal foam, being at a height of 150 to 500 mm, preferably 300 mm, above the gas supply.
  • This level of the molten metal can, for example, be controlled by a float can be adjusted in a compensation chamber arranged parallel to the vertical channel section.
  • the gas supply device contains a gas supply which consists of one or more gas nozzles.
  • a gas supply which consists of one or more gas nozzles.
  • a nozzle array e.g. to provide in the manner of a nozzle comb.
  • This nozzle comb or the nozzle screen can be moved in an oscillating manner in order to avoid the formation of large gas bubbles.
  • the size distribution of the gas bubbles can be narrowed. This is desirable for reasons of mechanical stability, since very large gas bubbles impair the mechanical stability of the aluminum foam at precisely this point.
  • a narrower size distribution of the closed gas bubbles leads to greater homogeneity of the metal foam body and thus to more uniform physical, in particular mechanical, acoustic and electrical properties.
  • a gas supply with a gas outlet opening which is designed as a diverging nozzle, can also be used.
  • a propeller-like stirring device can be arranged above the gas outlet opening or above the nozzle in order to distribute the gas as evenly as possible in the channel and, if appropriate, to bring about an additional homogenization effect by simultaneously mixing the gas bubbles with the melt.
  • the gas supply in the lower or bottom region of the vertical or inclined channel section is designed as a porous stone or as a porous frit plate.
  • the gas supply device has a mechanical chopper device in the area shortly before the gas outlet opening, which mechanically chops the gas inflow. Due to the small distance of this device to the gas outlet opening of the gas supply, no natural vibrations of the air column occur.
  • the mold in which the channel is arranged can preferably be temperature-controlled in order to create defined conditions in the formation of the metal foam.
  • the mouthpiece with different channel profiles is preferably positioned just above the level of the molten metal, as a result of which the metal foam is pre-shaped into the desired profile immediately after it has formed. This prevents damage to closed gas bubbles when the metal foam body is deformed later.
  • Air, carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor, hydrogen or noble gases and mixtures thereof can be used as the foam-forming gas.
  • the gas outlet openings of the gas supply are preferably designed as tubes projecting obliquely into the bottom region of the channel, so that the entire channel cross section is uniformly permeated with gas bubbles. Due to the buoyancy of the gas bubbles, however, the provision of a curved or vertically directed channel section is preferred.
  • the speed of the metal foam generation can by the feed rate of the molten metal and the gas can be regulated.
  • the removal speed of the metal foam emerging from the channel can also be regulated largely independently of these parameters, for example by rollers abutting the metal foam body. In this way, for example, a counterpressure can be applied to the emerging metal foam, which leads to a slight compression of the metal foam and thus to an enlargement of the cross-section and a texture running transversely to the exit direction.
  • the mouthpiece is preferably cooled in the area of the discharge opening of the channel, so that the emerging metal foam body is already rigid.
  • the cross-section of the channel towards the discharge opening can be somewhat reduced in order to compensate for the shrinkage that occurs during cooling.
  • the thickness of the emerging metal foam body can also be adjusted within certain limits.
  • the device for producing the metal foam is not only characterized in that it enables the production of metal foam bodies with defined dimensions, but also in that it has only small dimensions in comparison to the known devices.
  • devices for the continuous supply of wire can also be provided in the gas supply area of the channel, which wire then breaks down in the molten metal and splits off gas.
  • gas-releasing substances can also be introduced in another form.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a device 10 for producing a metal foam.
  • a channel 14 is arranged in a molding tool 12. This channel consists of a first horizontal section 16, a second vertical section 18 and an adjoining third horizontal section 20, viewed in the flow direction A of a molten metal.
  • the first horizontal section 16 of the channel 14 contains a feed opening 22 for a molten metal.
  • This melt passes from the first horizontal section 16 into the second vertical section 18, in the bottom area of which a gas supply device 24 is arranged.
  • This gas supply device 24 has a gas supply 26 with a large number of small nozzles in the manner of a nozzle comb.
  • This gas supply 26 is moved in the direction of arrows B in an oscillating manner.
  • Via a pressure control 28 Adjustable gas pressure at the gas supply.
  • the level 30 of the molten metal is adjusted to a height h above the bottom area of the vertical channel section 18 by a control device, not shown, in the simplest case by a floating device in a compensation chamber connected in parallel. This height h is between 150 and 500 mm, preferably 300 mm.
  • the upper part of the vertical channel section 18 and the horizontal channel section 20 are arranged in a mouthpiece 32 which is held interchangeably in the tool 12.
  • This mouthpiece 32 contains the part of the channel which lies above the level 30 of the molten metal.
  • the profile of the channel 20 in the mouthpiece 32 can be designed differently in accordance with FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the level 30 of the molten metal forms the phase boundary of the molten metal / metal foam.
  • the metal foam located above the level 30 emerges from the discharge opening 34 from the molding tool 12 and reaches a transport device provided with drive rollers 36.
  • the discharge opening 34 can e.g. have a width of about 2000 mm and a height of 200 mm.
  • the speed of the exiting metal foam body is essentially regulated by the feed rate of the molten metal and by the feed rate of the gas. However, the speed can additionally be regulated by the take-off speed, which can be set by the drive rollers 36. In this way, a slight back pressure can be applied to the metal foam, which causes a certain compression and thus a texture transverse to the exit direction.
  • the transition area between the channel sections 16, 18 and 20 is continuously curved, preferably as a partial radius trained to avoid turbulence and the formation of gas bubbles in the appropriate places.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a device 40 for producing a metal foam.
  • This device 40 differs from the device 10 from FIG. 1 in that the channel 44 arranged in the molding tool 42 is arranged horizontally over its entire length.
  • the gas supply device 46 contains a gas outlet nozzle 48 which opens into the bottom area of the channel 44 in order to homogeneously penetrate the entire area of the channel with gas bubbles.
  • the gas outlet nozzle 48 can be designed such that the exiting gas jet is divergent.
  • the molding tool 42 like the molding tool 12 from FIG. 1, contains a mouthpiece 43 which can have different profiles, as is the case, for. B. is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • This device 50 contains a molding tool 52 with a mouthpiece 53, with a channel 54 having three sections.
  • the channel 54 consists of a first horizontal section 56, followed by an obliquely upwardly inclined second section 58, which in turn is followed by a third horizontal section 60 .
  • a gas supply device 62 is arranged in the floor area at the beginning of the second inclined channel section 58.
  • the metal melt / metal foam phase boundary is located in the second inclined channel section 58 analogous to the device in FIG. 1.
  • the use of the devices from FIGS. 2 and 3 can be recommend if for structural reasons only a small height is available.
  • the feed openings and discharge openings of the channels can also be aligned vertically or inclined in order to connect to corresponding systems, for. B. to be connected to the production of a molten metal.
  • Fig. 4 shows the upper part of a gas supply device in the bottom region of a vertical channel section.
  • the gas supply here consists of a gas outlet opening 70 in the form of a nozzle with constriction.
  • a propeller-like stirrer 72 can be arranged above the gas outlet opening 70 and not only causes the gas bubbles present in the channel 74 to be swirled, but also to swirl the melt.
  • a mechanical chopper element 76 which is likewise designed in the manner of a propeller and which leads to the generation of an intermittent gas jet, can be arranged below the gas outlet opening 70. This chopper element 76 is arranged as close as possible under the gas outlet opening 70 in order to avoid vibrations and resonance phenomena of the gas column located above the chopper element.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show different embodiments of mouthpieces 80, 82, as can be used in the tool 12 from FIG. 1 instead of the mouthpiece 32.
  • the mouthpieces 80, 82 are shown in a top view according to arrow V from FIG. 1.
  • the production of all molds is also conceivable, which can also be produced in conventional extrusion processes; so z. B. also corrugated or corrugated profiles.
  • the present invention is suitable for producing metal foams from all metals that can be foamed.
  • the method can preferably be used to foam new or recycled aluminum, regardless of further alloy components or foreign substances.
  • Different foaming behavior of aluminum alloys to be reprocessed can be achieved by different process management, e.g. B. the control of the gas supply and the metal melt supply in connection with a control of mechanical stirrers. Furthermore, it is possible to regulate the foaming behavior to a certain extent by tempering the molding tool 12, including the mouthpiece 32.
  • the third horizontal channel section 20 running in the mouthpiece 32 can be designed as a cooling section for the metal foam formed, so that the metal foam leaves the molding tool at the discharge opening 34 essentially rigidly.
  • the cross section of the channel 20 can be tapered again towards the discharge opening 34.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP92120200A 1991-11-27 1992-11-26 Procédé et appareillage pour la fabrication de mousse métallique Withdrawn EP0544291A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4139020A DE4139020C2 (de) 1991-11-27 1991-11-27 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallschaums
DE4139020 1991-11-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0544291A1 true EP0544291A1 (fr) 1993-06-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92120200A Withdrawn EP0544291A1 (fr) 1991-11-27 1992-11-26 Procédé et appareillage pour la fabrication de mousse métallique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0544291A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2084038A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4139020C2 (fr)
NO (1) NO924510L (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999004047A1 (fr) * 1997-07-14 1999-01-28 Dipl.-Ing. Emil Dengler Unternehmensberatung Procede et installation pour la fabrication d'acier leger en coulee continue avec inclusion gazeuse
AT408076B (de) * 1996-10-07 2001-08-27 Mepura Metallpulver Verfahren zur herstellung von schaummetall- bzw. schaummetall/metall-verbund-formkörpern, anlage zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung
EP1288320A2 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2003-03-05 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft m.b.H. Appareil et procédé pour la fabrication d'une mousse metallique
EP1419835A1 (fr) * 2002-09-09 2004-05-19 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft m.b.H. Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'une mousse métallique fluide
US7175689B2 (en) 2001-06-15 2007-02-13 Huette Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft Mbh Process for producing a lightweight molded part and molded part made of metal foam
CN110102742A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-09 北京科技大学 一种钢液凝固前沿两相区产生气泡的方法
CN113649569A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-16 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法和装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19734394C2 (de) * 1996-08-13 2003-06-18 Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Inst Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallschaum
DE19919574A1 (de) * 1999-04-29 2000-11-30 Lucas Ind Plc Kolben und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen
AT411970B (de) 2002-04-19 2004-08-26 Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh Leichtbauteil, sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung
CN102841606A (zh) * 2012-06-02 2012-12-26 上海大学 一种基于顺磁性流体的气体行为控制方法
WO2019049175A1 (fr) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRAS (IIT Madras) Appareil de production de mousse de matériau à partir d'un matériau et procédés associés

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3005700A (en) * 1960-03-14 1961-10-24 Lor Corp Metal foaming process
GB901917A (en) * 1959-01-05 1962-07-25 William Stuart Fiedler Continuous process for foaming metal
FR2194506A1 (fr) * 1972-07-27 1974-03-01 Concast Ag
GB1424898A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-02-11 Technical Operations Basel Sa Manufacture of articles of metallic foam
US3941182A (en) * 1971-10-29 1976-03-02 Johan Bjorksten Continuous process for preparing unidirectionally reinforced metal foam
DE3516737A1 (de) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-13 Hoesch Stahl AG, 4600 Dortmund Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen von mit gasblasen durchsetzten metallischen werkstoffen in form von profilen
WO1991003578A1 (fr) * 1989-09-06 1991-03-21 Alcan International Limited Metal alveolaire leger et production d'un tel metal

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB901917A (en) * 1959-01-05 1962-07-25 William Stuart Fiedler Continuous process for foaming metal
US3005700A (en) * 1960-03-14 1961-10-24 Lor Corp Metal foaming process
US3941182A (en) * 1971-10-29 1976-03-02 Johan Bjorksten Continuous process for preparing unidirectionally reinforced metal foam
FR2194506A1 (fr) * 1972-07-27 1974-03-01 Concast Ag
GB1424898A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-02-11 Technical Operations Basel Sa Manufacture of articles of metallic foam
DE3516737A1 (de) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-13 Hoesch Stahl AG, 4600 Dortmund Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen von mit gasblasen durchsetzten metallischen werkstoffen in form von profilen
WO1991003578A1 (fr) * 1989-09-06 1991-03-21 Alcan International Limited Metal alveolaire leger et production d'un tel metal

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT408076B (de) * 1996-10-07 2001-08-27 Mepura Metallpulver Verfahren zur herstellung von schaummetall- bzw. schaummetall/metall-verbund-formkörpern, anlage zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung
US6263953B1 (en) 1997-07-14 2001-07-24 Dengler Emil Method and installation for producing “light steel” by continuous casting with gas inclusion
WO1999004047A1 (fr) * 1997-07-14 1999-01-28 Dipl.-Ing. Emil Dengler Unternehmensberatung Procede et installation pour la fabrication d'acier leger en coulee continue avec inclusion gazeuse
US7175689B2 (en) 2001-06-15 2007-02-13 Huette Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft Mbh Process for producing a lightweight molded part and molded part made of metal foam
EP1288320A2 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2003-03-05 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft m.b.H. Appareil et procédé pour la fabrication d'une mousse metallique
EP1288320A3 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2003-03-12 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft m.b.H. Appareil et procédé pour la fabrication d'une mousse metallique
US7195662B2 (en) 2001-06-15 2007-03-27 Huette Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft Mbh Device and process for producing metal foam
US7144636B2 (en) 2002-09-09 2006-12-05 Huette Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process and device for manufacturing free-flowing metal foam
EP1419835A1 (fr) * 2002-09-09 2004-05-19 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft m.b.H. Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'une mousse métallique fluide
US7959852B2 (en) 2002-09-09 2011-06-14 Hütte Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process and device for manufacturing free-flowing metal foam
CN110102742A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-09 北京科技大学 一种钢液凝固前沿两相区产生气泡的方法
CN110102742B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2020-08-11 北京科技大学 一种钢液凝固前沿两相区产生气泡的方法
CN113649569A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-16 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2084038A1 (fr) 1993-05-28
DE4139020C2 (de) 1994-02-24
NO924510L (no) 1993-05-28
DE4139020A1 (de) 1993-06-03
NO924510D0 (no) 1992-11-24

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