EP0525345B2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Flamme - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Flamme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0525345B2 EP0525345B2 EP92109976A EP92109976A EP0525345B2 EP 0525345 B2 EP0525345 B2 EP 0525345B2 EP 92109976 A EP92109976 A EP 92109976A EP 92109976 A EP92109976 A EP 92109976A EP 0525345 B2 EP0525345 B2 EP 0525345B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- voltage
- flame
- frequency
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
- F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/20—Opto-coupler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/12—Flame sensors with flame rectification current detecting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2231/00—Fail safe
- F23N2231/06—Fail safe for flame failures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time program acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus and a method to monitor a flame according to the genus of independent claims.
- JP-A-62 255 729 Through patent abstracts of Japan vol. 12, no.134 (to JP-A-62 255 729) has become known a circuit in which by a arranged in the flame and by a sensor Capacitor of a circuit device is discharged, a pulse is generated, the duration of which used as a signal for the presence of a flame becomes. The detected pulse duration is sent to a signal processor Order forwarded and accordingly evaluated
- EP 0 388 065 contains means for potential isolation between sensor circuit and signal processing Arrangement provided; the signal processing takes place in that the discharge of a capacitor upper an optocoupler is provided. This is what it is about is an analog signal transmission in which a Voltage / frequency converter is not provided
- the device according to the invention with the characteristic Features of claim 1 has the advantage that the signal emitted by the sensor Voltage / frequency converter is supplied, whose Output signal to a signal processing arrangement is world-famous. The one emitted by the sensor The signal is converted into a dynamic signal that via a potential separation to the signal processor Order is forwarded. By separating the Potentials of the sensor circuit and the signal processing circuit Interference can be arranged in the sensitive sensor circuit in advantageous Avoid way largely.
- the conversion of the sensor signal into one of the potential of the sensor circuit guaranteed independent size a simple and safe transmission of the sensor signal on the signal processed arrangement.
- the sensor signal thereby assigned dynamic parameters, such as. B. the touch ratio or the frequency or phase, of an oscillating signal that is simple are producible and detectable again. It is also possible to assign several parameters to the sensor signal and create redundancy.
- the sensor signal can be particularly easily integrated into a pulse width modulated signal are transferred if a comparator is provided which receives the sensor signal with a triangular voltage compares the fundamental frequency the triangular voltage, which can also be changed over time can be specifies a frame time and the amount of the sensor signal determines the relationship between Impulse and break within the frame time.
- the sensor can be used as a simple flame in the flame Flame area-extending electrode, for example in the form of a wire. Will between Torch and electrode applied a voltage so if the flame is present, a current flows. This current or the resulting voltage drop on an electrical component can Evaluation whether there is a flame or not, be used. This way Avoid expensive optical sensors.
- the parallel processing of the output signal of the voltage / frequency converter in the signal processing Arrangement that is also used to control the Fuel supply can be used, and in one Safety circuit creates redundancy and diminishes such a misbehavior when errors occur.
- the safety circuit can be done by the simplest means be built up, which is only the flame information contained characteristic values to upper or lower limit values checked. The safety circuit can then directly act on the valve in the fuel supply rescue, or z. B. on the energy supply of this valve.
- a method of monitoring a flame fuel-heated device converts the signal emitted by the sensor into an oscillating one Signal with predeterminable characteristic values, whereby the signal in an advantageous manner via means for polarization separation fed to a signal processing arrangement becomes.
- the information about the flame contained characteristic values e.g. B. the pulse pause ratio of a square wave signal or the frequency and / or Phase position of the oscillating signal can be selected in this way that influences, such as interference in the circuit containing the sensor, no influence exercise on the characteristic values. It is also possible select such characteristic values that occur when Missing such. B. a component failure, certain extreme values assume that can be easily detected.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic overview of Assemblies
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible embodiment
- Figure 3 two together corresponding voltage / time diagrams that generating a pulse width modulated signal after the execution according to Figure 2 explained.
- 10 is a burner, not shown fuel-heated device and with 12 the Brennsloffzubowtechnisch to burner 10 designated.
- Two valves act on the fuel supply line 12 14, which are advantageously designed as solenoid valves can. These valves are well known and are not described in detail here.
- the flame area 16 of the burner 10 is with sensed by a sensor 18, which is connected via a line 20 connected to a signal processing arrangement 22 is.
- the line 20 is interrupted by a potential separation 24, in the form of an opto-coupler is constructed.
- the opto-coupler 24 is a common one Component, so that its functionality does not is received.
- Microcomputer circuit application that also the Control of the entire device. This is connected to the valves 14 and can both on and have a switching-off effect as well as a constant control.
- line 20 there is also a voltage / frequency converter 26 provided in the embodiment 2 in the form of a pulse width modulator shown and described in more detail here.
- the pulse width modulator contains a comparator 28, at the first input of which line 20 is connected is. At the output of the comparator 28 is the further line 20 connected. Farther a triangular generator 30 is provided, the Output led to the second input of the comparator is.
- the triangular voltage Ud Figure 3
- the amplitude Ua of which has a preset value and their pulse pause ratio with a specified triangular voltage of the signal voltage Ue on line 20 depends (see Figure 3).
- a Frequency modulator is used, which is an output signal certain frequency or certain Phase in dependence on the line 20 in it emits coupled sensor signal.
- a pulse width modulator use a frequency modulation in the form is superimposed that the pulse repetition frequency or the specified frame time of the pulse train changes.
- the circuit required for this can for example in the form of a multivibrator his.
- the sensor 18 is in the form of a flame area 16 extending electrode, in particular through a wire end, formed and via a voltage divider 32 connected to a voltage source 34.
- the other side of the voltage source 34 is over the burner 10 connected to a device ground.
- the voltage source 34 is used as an AC voltage source designed.
- the flame has one rectifying effect, so that over the resistors 32 a uniform voltage drops.
- a Diode 38 in the form of a zener diode limits the maximum Input voltage at comparator 28 and one Capacitor 40 additionally smoothes this voltage.
- a line 42 leading to a safety circuit 44 leads directly (Figure 1) or indirectly (Figure 2) the solenoid valves 14 act.
- the safety circuit 44 contains one Frequency / voltage converter 46 whose output negated to the input of an AND gate 48 is.
- the second input of the AND gate 48 is with the Solenoid valves 14 connected.
- the exit of the AND gate 48 leads to a bimetal switch 50, which is in the power supply to the solenoid valves, not shown 14 is located.
- the circuit described above works as follows: If the burner 10 shown in FIG. 2 is in operation, then falls across the partial resistors of the voltage divider 32 a tension off. This voltage is rectified and smoothed, then in the comparator 28 with compared to a triangular voltage and thus a pulse width modulated signal of uniform amplitude generated This is the potential separation 24 of the signal processing Arrangement 22 and the frequency / voltage converter 46 of the safety circuit 44 fed. If the operation is error-free, the frequency lies of the transmitted signal within certain limit values.
- the one designed as a microcomputer, for example signal processing arrangement 22 controls or regulates the normal operation of the fuel-heated device.
- the flame goes out, for example through a normal one Shutdown or by an occurring error, this eliminates the voltage across the partial resistors of the voltage divider 32 and thus affects the frequency of the signal processing arrangement 22 transmitted signal.
- the microcomputer detects that there is no flame and gives a signal to close the valves 14 if not has already happened.
- the output signal also changes of the frequency voltage converter 46.
- the bimetal switch 50 opens and the Power supply to the solenoid valves is interrupted if the solenoid valves 22 are not already by the control unit 22 can be switched off. That way regardless of the signal processing arrangement 22 - the fuel-heated device in the event of a fault Closing of the solenoid valves 14 switched off normal shutdown in error-free operation, that leads open the solenoid valves 14 to Erlöschan on the second input of the AND gate 48 led signal, so that the change in the output signal of the Frequency voltage converter 46 does not. to the. to open of the bimetal switch 50 leads
- the safety circuit works in a corresponding manner 44 even if instead of the pulse width modulated a frequency-modulated or a mixed form from pulse width and frequency modulated signal place. It is only important for this that the frequency / voltage converter 46 the output signal of the voltage / frequency converter 26 to predetermined limit values checked and in the event of shortfalls of these limits through a signal change recognizable at its exit.
- the method according to the invention for monitoring a flame provides that any sensor 18, for example an optical sensor or an electrode, a signal to a signal processing arrangement 22 issues.
- This signal that is uniform or can be alternating in an oscillating signal transferred with certain parameters, such that the characteristic values the information whether there is a flame Is or is not included.
- the characteristic values are, for example a pulse width ratio, a frequency or a phase position or combinations thereof. These parameters exceed or fall below certain values Limits, so it can be recognized whether the There is a flame or not or whether there is a fault.
- the signal processing arrangement 22 a safety circuit 44 connected in parallel whose task is only to check whether the characteristic values are within predeterminable Limit values lie and, depending on this, an output signal to generate.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Vorrichtung zum Überwachen einer Flamme eines brennstoffbeheizten Gerätes, mit mindestens einem Sensor (18) zum Erfassen der Flamme, der ein Signal an eine signalyerarbeitende Anordnung (22) abgibt, und mit Mitteln (24) zur Potentialtrennung, wobei das vom Sensor (18) abgegebene Signal eine Signalspannung (Ue) bereitstellt und wobei die Signalspaimung (Ue) in ein Ausgangssignal umgewandelt wird, das an die signalverarbeitende Anordnung (22) abgegeben wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass ein kondensator (40) zum Glätten der Signalspannung (Ue) vorgesehen ist, dass die geglättete Signalspannung (Ue) einem Spannungs-/Frequenzumsetzer (26) zugeführt ist, der als Pulsweitenmodulator realisiert ist, der die Signalspannung (Ue) in ein dynamisches Ausgangssignal umwandelt, das die Information über die Flamme als Tastverhältnis enthält, oder der als Frequenzmodulator realisiert ist, der die Signalspannung (Ue) in ein dynamisches Ausgangssignal umwandelt, das die Information über die Flamme als Frequenz oder als Phase enthält, oder der als Kombination eines Pulsweiten- und Frequenzmodulators realisiert ist, dessen Ausgangssignal die Information über die Flamme Kennwerten Tastverhältnis und Frequenz oder Phase enthält, und dass das dynamische Ausgangssignal den Mitteln (24) zur Potentialtrennung zugeführt ist, die es zur signalverarbeitenden Anordnung (22) weiterleiten wobei die Mittel (24) zur Potentialfrennung zwischen dem Spannungs-/Frequenzumsetzer und der signalverarbeitenden Anordnung (22) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (18) als eine, sich in einen Flammenbereich (16) erstreckende Elektrode ausgebildet ist, die an eine Spannungsquelle (34) angeschlossen ist, und durch die ein Strom fließt, wenn eine Flamme vorhanden ist
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche, 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die signalverarbeitende Anordnung (22) eine Auswertung enthält, die Steuersignale wenigstens an ein auf eine Brennstoffzufuhrleitung (12) des brennstoffbeheizten Gerätes, wirwirkendes Ventil (14) abgibt
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Sicherheitsschaltung (44) vorgesehen ist, die einen Frequenz/Spannungsmsetzer (46) enthält, dem ein Ausgangssignal des Spannungs /Frequenzunisetzer (26) zugeführt ist, und die Steuersignale wenigstens an ein auf eise Brennstoffzuruhrieitung (12) des. brennstoffbeheizien Gerätes wirkendes Ventil abgibt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mittel (24) zur Potentialtrennung ein Opto-Koppler vorgesehen ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4122636A DE4122636C2 (de) | 1991-07-09 | 1991-07-09 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Flamme |
| DE4122636 | 1991-07-09 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0525345A1 EP0525345A1 (de) | 1993-02-03 |
| EP0525345B1 EP0525345B1 (de) | 1996-09-04 |
| EP0525345B2 true EP0525345B2 (de) | 2003-10-01 |
Family
ID=6435722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92109976A Expired - Lifetime EP0525345B2 (de) | 1991-07-09 | 1992-06-13 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Flamme |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0525345B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4122636C2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19632983C2 (de) * | 1996-08-16 | 1999-11-04 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg | Regeleinrichtung für einen Gasbrenner |
| DE19712373A1 (de) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-10-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Überwachen eines Brenners |
| US6084518A (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2000-07-04 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Balanced charge flame characterization system and method |
| DE10023273A1 (de) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Messeinrichtung für eine Flamme |
| DE10027846A1 (de) * | 2000-05-25 | 2001-11-29 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Signalgeber |
| DE10125574A1 (de) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-11-28 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung |
| DE10302232B3 (de) * | 2003-01-20 | 2004-08-05 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Leitungseinheit, Rohrleitung und Brandstelle für eine selbstregulierende Feuerlöschübungsanlage sowie diese selbstregulierende Feuerlöschübungsanlage und ein Verfahren zur Kontrolle und Überwachung des Löscherfolgs |
| DE10313120B3 (de) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-08-19 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Feuerlöschübungseinheit und deren Verwendung in einer Feuerlöschübungsanlage, diese Feuerlöschübungsanlage sowie ein Verfahren zur Kontrolle oder Überwachung des Löscherfolgs |
| DE102008021164B4 (de) * | 2008-04-28 | 2011-08-25 | Mertik Maxitrol GmbH & Co. KG, 06502 | Verfahren und Gasregelarmatur zur Überwachung der Zündung eines Gasgerätes, insbesondere eines gasbeheizten Kaminofens |
| ITTO20090019A1 (it) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-15 | Bitron Spa | Dispositivo circuitale per la rilevazione della fiamma in un bruciatore di gas |
| DE102009022056A1 (de) | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-25 | Siemens Building Technologies Hvac Products Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erfassung und Überwachung einer elektrischen Wechselspannung |
| DE102013221511A1 (de) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Ionisationsstroms einer Flamme |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL8401173A (nl) * | 1984-04-12 | 1985-11-01 | Philips Nv | Vlambeveiligingsschakeling. |
| GB8906235D0 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1989-05-04 | Cambridge Instr Ltd | Flame detection apparatus and method |
-
1991
- 1991-07-09 DE DE4122636A patent/DE4122636C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-06-13 EP EP92109976A patent/EP0525345B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-13 DE DE59207035T patent/DE59207035D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0525345B1 (de) | 1996-09-04 |
| DE4122636C2 (de) | 1999-08-12 |
| DE59207035D1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
| DE4122636A1 (de) | 1993-01-14 |
| EP0525345A1 (de) | 1993-02-03 |
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