EP0520151B2 - Revêtements de sols et de murs en mousse et sans latex, PVC ou plastifiants - Google Patents

Revêtements de sols et de murs en mousse et sans latex, PVC ou plastifiants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0520151B2
EP0520151B2 EP92106129A EP92106129A EP0520151B2 EP 0520151 B2 EP0520151 B2 EP 0520151B2 EP 92106129 A EP92106129 A EP 92106129A EP 92106129 A EP92106129 A EP 92106129A EP 0520151 B2 EP0520151 B2 EP 0520151B2
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Prior art keywords
foamed
layer
process according
polymer
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92106129A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0520151A1 (fr
EP0520151B1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Oppermann
Reinhold Blass
Joachim Dr. Dürkop
Klaus Schmidt-Ott
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Tarkett Pegulan AG
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Tarkett Pegulan AG
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Priority claimed from DE19914121401 external-priority patent/DE4121401A1/de
Priority claimed from DE4135937A external-priority patent/DE4135937C2/de
Application filed by Tarkett Pegulan AG filed Critical Tarkett Pegulan AG
Publication of EP0520151A1 publication Critical patent/EP0520151A1/fr
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Publication of EP0520151B1 publication Critical patent/EP0520151B1/fr
Publication of EP0520151B2 publication Critical patent/EP0520151B2/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D06N7/0076—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing the back coating or pre-coat being a thermoplastic material applied by, e.g. extrusion coating, powder coating or laminating a thermoplastic film
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/04—Foam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production of latex, PVC and plasticizer-free floor and wall coverings with chemically foamed and optionally structured foam layers.
  • Textile floor and wall coverings with a back-foamed layer made of a natural or synthetic latex and PVC plastic coverings are used today on a large scale due to their diverse decorative possibilities through simple installation and value for money.
  • the ability to equip the rubbers with soft, foamed backs what contributes significantly to the impact sound insulation and improves walking comfort for the others Spread of such materials worried.
  • the foaming enables generation of Surface structuring either by foaming in appropriate shapes or embossing rollers or by partial chemical activation or inhibition of foam formation.
  • textile coverings technically only mechanical foaming by injecting air into the latex mass, because chemical foaming requires high temperatures which damage the textile pile.
  • Textile floor coverings are either manufactured using the tufting process or from needle felt, the back solidified with a styrene butadiene or other latex mass and then with a mechanical foamed synthetic or natural latex layer coated and fixed by drying.
  • the textile layer mainly consists of polyamide, polypropylene or polyester fibers, which are not more of the latex layers can be separated so that such composite layers are not recyclable are.
  • the back coating too by sprinkling a powder of a polymer, fillers and possibly blowing agents, which are melted and, if necessary, foamed and thus glue and stabilize the textile fibers.
  • Polymers are called polyethylene, polyester, polyamides, EVA and their copolymers.
  • plastic floor coverings are usually made of latex dispersions or PVC plastisols Coating process on a tissue or release paper base and then curing.
  • the plastisols consist of PVC particles, plasticizers, and conventional auxiliaries and fillers, which sinter into a matrix when dried in the warmth.
  • chemical Foam agents can additionally be thermally foamed, whereby by applying an additional structuring of blowing agent activators or deactivators in certain areas can be reached.
  • it is also possible to apply several layers different properties to vary the properties to a very large extent see e.g. "Solvic® for plastisols ", company lettering of Deutsche Solvay-Werke GmbH, Solingen).
  • latex and PVC are ideal materials in terms of economy and properties are, however, require the increasingly important ecological aspects - recyclability of products, avoidance of solvents and halogen-containing components - manufacturing processes of coverings that are free of latex, PVC and plasticizers. From economic and For technical reasons, however, it is necessary to use the previous manufacturing widths and, if possible also to maintain the existing manufacturing devices.
  • the flooring should also be made different layers exist, one or more of which are chemically foamed and possibly partially are structured by activating or deactivating the foaming process.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to find a method by which latex, PVC and Plasticizer-free plastic floor and wall coverings can be produced, which at least consist of a chemically foamed layer and a carrier layer, if necessary structuring Allow activation or deactivation of the propellants and usual manufacturing widths of 4-5 m allowed to manufacture existing devices.
  • For the production of floor coverings is additional there is at least one non-foamed top layer.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers
  • PE polyethylene
  • foams by using polymers, fillers, activators, Foaming agent and possibly crosslinking agent at temperatures of 90 - 100 ° C, i.e. a temperature where the polymer is already soft or liquid, but the additives remain chemically stable, mixed and the mixture granulated.
  • the granules are then filled into molds by heating foamed and removed from the mold after cooling again. Smaller, even more complicated ones Molded parts can be manufactured well in this way. Examples of this are shoe soles, balls, Seals, mats, masks etc.
  • the production of 4 - 5 m wide continuous webs, such as those used for floor coverings are not necessary using this procedure.
  • the polymers which can be processed according to the invention comprise a large number of thermoplastic products.
  • the most important parameter is the melt index (MFI 190 ° C / 2.16). It was found that at Melting indices below 2.5 and above 40 the too high or too low melt viscosity is not a good one Cell structure of the foam allows more. A melt index of around 10 - 20 seems optimal in this respect To produce results.
  • the crystallite melting point of the polymers should be below the decomposition range of the blowing agent mixture, but not so low that the foam e.g. under strong Sun exposure or weight load begins to flow. Crystallite melting points in one area from 70 - 110 ° seem to be well suited.
  • Very low melting points of the polymer can however, by subsequent crosslinking, for example by adding peroxide or by Treatment with high-energy radiation.
  • Suitable polymers are copolymers from ethylene and vinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers with polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, Polyethylene acrylic acid ester copolymers, polyethylene acrylic acid ester, maleic anhydride copolymers and other.
  • the polymers are made from the commercially available granules to a maximum grain size of 400-600 ⁇ m, preferably 10-400 ⁇ m, ground and mixed in this form with the other components.
  • additives are possible as additives, which are also available in the usual foam mixtures be used.
  • examples include inorganic fillers such as chalk, silicates, magnesium or aluminum hydroxides, Heavy spar, silica, glass powder, carbon black, titanium dioxide or other color pigments, which at the same time change the translucency of the foam.
  • organic additives come in particular wood or cork flour or also temperature-resistant plastics such as polyurethanes in question. These are added to the mixture as fine powders with grain sizes from 10 to about 500 ⁇ m admixed, the fillers being added depending on the product in amounts of 5 - 50% to the mixture.
  • the blowing agents used for the foam layers are those which are otherwise customary for plastisols Products such as azodicarbonamide, oxibis-benzenesulfohydrazite, azoisobutyronitrile, toluenesulfohydrazite and others.
  • Azodicarbonamide is preferred, the decomposition temperature of which is about 200 ° C. by adding activators such as zinc oxide, zinc octoate and other known activators reduced to temperatures of 120 ° can be. In this way, the foaming temperature can be adjusted to the foam to be foamed Adjust plastic and its viscosity well.
  • the blowing agents are in the form of fine powders (2 to 12 ⁇ Grain size) or as a batch (rubbed with paraffin or antistatic) in quantities of 0.5 - 10% of the Mix added.
  • deactivators for the areas where foaming is not desired those for such foam mixtures known substances are used. Trimelitic anhydride, Benzotriazole or thiourea used.
  • a means of transport are e.g. liquid paraffins or liquid antistatic agents or crosslinkable derivatives of methacrylic acid.
  • the deactivators should be in an amount of approximately 0.5-2% based on the mass of the structure Foam layer can be applied.
  • the mixture can also contain peroxides for crosslinking the foam and improving the Temperature resistance of the polymers both during processing and later use be added.
  • Bactericides, antistatic agents, antioxidants etc., such as them, are also suitable as auxiliary substances are common in latex and plastic processing.
  • the heterogeneous, EVA foam layers containing elastic flooring can on a conventional, for PVC flooring suitable coating system can be produced.
  • additional equipment are on the Powder spreaders available on the market.
  • the device used is schematic in FIG. 2 shown.
  • the carrier material textile, glass and similar fabrics
  • the carrier material is unrolled (1) and storage dosing fed to the system endlessly.
  • In the first commissioned work (2) is not shown by means of Coating device as a so-called fixing or base coat the corresponding coating material for Closing and smoothing the carrier substrate applied, heated by radiator (5) and over a Smoothing device (3) smoothed.
  • Example 2 or 3 the process described in Example 2 or 3 is carried out using a powder spreading machine EVA Dryblend applied and then melted in an infrared emitter station (5), however not yet chemically foamed or cross-linked.
  • the melted foam surface is additionally smoothed over a smoothing drum (6) and solidified.
  • the smooth foam surface obtained is then pressed using a printing machine (7) Multi-colored print design applied using polymer binder printing ink.
  • the print layer is covered by a transparent coating compound.
  • the so obtained Fabric is heated to 160-200 ° C in a drying / gelling oven, which creates the EVA dryblend layer foams - only partially when structured - and through which peroxides are cross-linked. Drying and The reaction of the transparent cover layer takes place at the same time.
  • a foamable EVA dryblend in another powder spreader (4) be applied as described above, which is then melted in accordance with (5), (3), (9), solidified, smoothed and foamed.
  • a final surface treatment using a smoothing unit (3) is used to homogenize the foam surface.
  • a structured one can also be used here
  • Roll are used in the manner of an embossing. The material web is cooled in the cooling section (10) and then removed from a storage device and reel (11) of the system. If necessary, a Intermediate control with ready-made single rolls take place, which are then the finished goods warehouse can be fed directly.
  • the covering described above can also be produced in a batch process by Lengths of approx. 500 m each rolled up after one or more of the above steps, temporarily stored and be fed to the next processing station at a later time.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication de revêtements de sols et de murs en matière synthétique sans latex, PVC et plastifiants, en une largeur allant jusqu'à 4 ou 5 m, qui contiennent une couche en mousse et une couche de support, caractérisé en ce qu'on saupoudre sur la couche de support se trouvant en dessous de la couche en mousse à venir, un mélange pulvérulent constitué par
    100 parties d'un polymère thermoplastique sans latex, PVC et plastifiants,
    possédant un indice de fusion (MFI 190°C/2,16) de 2 à 40,
    0-100 parties de matière de remplissage,
    0,5-7 parties d'agent moussant,
    0-30 parties de substances auxiliaires,
    en une quantité correspondant à l'épaisseur désirée de la couche en mousse, et on le porte à fusion à des températures de 70-110°C, on le lisse entre des rouleaux de lissage et on le soumet à un moussage à des températures de 120 - 200°C et la couche en mousse, après la gélification, le lissage et/ou éventuellement l'impression, est recouverte d'une ou de plusieurs autres couches de protection non transformées en mousse et soumise à un moussage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche en mousse est recouverte de la couche de protection ou des couches de protection, et, seulement ensuite, soumise à un moussage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support et/ou les couches de protection supplémentaires sont préparées de manière correspondante à partir d'un mélange pulvérulent selon la revendication 1, sans l'agent moussant et sans passer par l'étape de moussage.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agent moussant contient un activateur et la couche en mousse est soumise à une impression partielle avec un désactivateur après le lissage.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'agent moussant est l'azo-dicarbonamide, l'activateur est un composé de zinc et le désactivateur est un triazole.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, comme substrat de la couche en mousse, on utilise un préimprégné, un tissu ou un papier anti-adhésif, sur lequel on applique éventuellement une couche de fond constituée par un polymère non transformé en mousse.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le mélange est composé d'une fraction granulométrique de 0-600 µm, de préférence de 10-400 µm.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le polymère présente un indice de fusion (MFI 190°C/2,16) de 10-20.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le point de fusion de la cristallite du polymère se situe à 70-110°C.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le polymère est un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle, du polyéthylène, du polypropylène, un copolymère avec de l'acétate de polyvinyle, du polyméthacrylate de méthyle, un copolymère de polyéthylène-ester d'acide acrylique, un polyéthylène-ester d'acide acrylique, un copolymère d'anhydride maléique.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le mélange contient un agent de réticulation, en particulier un peroxyde organique en une quantité allant jusqu'à 10 parties.
EP92106129A 1991-06-28 1992-04-09 Revêtements de sols et de murs en mousse et sans latex, PVC ou plastifiants Expired - Lifetime EP0520151B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4121401 1991-06-28
DE19914121401 DE4121401A1 (de) 1991-06-28 1991-06-28 Pvc- und weichmacherfreie geschaeumte fussbodenbelaege
DE4135937A DE4135937C2 (de) 1991-10-31 1991-10-31 Verfahren zu Herstellen von Latex-, PVC-, und Weichmacher-freien Textil- oder Kunststoff-Boden- und Wandbelägen
DE4135937 1991-10-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0520151A1 EP0520151A1 (fr) 1992-12-30
EP0520151B1 EP0520151B1 (fr) 1995-09-06
EP0520151B2 true EP0520151B2 (fr) 1998-10-21

Family

ID=25905008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92106129A Expired - Lifetime EP0520151B2 (fr) 1991-06-28 1992-04-09 Revêtements de sols et de murs en mousse et sans latex, PVC ou plastifiants

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0520151B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE127548T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59203541D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0520151T4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2077276T5 (fr)
GR (1) GR3017165T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1006982A3 (nl) * 1993-04-06 1995-02-07 Dsm Nv Werkwijze voor het produceren van een thermovormbare vloerbedekking.
CN105398233A (zh) * 2015-12-10 2016-03-16 中山市恒辉印花有限公司 立体发泡数码喷绘印花生产系统
EP3568272B1 (fr) 2017-01-11 2022-08-03 Flooring Industries Limited, SARL Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat destiné à un panneau de plancher
BE1024909B1 (nl) * 2017-01-11 2018-08-16 Ivc Bvba Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een substraat voor een vloerpaneel
WO2018130924A1 (fr) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-19 Ivc, Bvba Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat destiné à un panneau de plancher
CN109537421A (zh) * 2018-11-22 2019-03-29 浙江晶通塑胶有限公司 一种塑胶地板立体纹路的成型方法
DE202019104141U1 (de) 2019-07-26 2020-10-28 A. Kolckmann GmbH Rutschhemmende Unterlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1420624A (en) * 1972-08-08 1976-01-14 Ici Ltd Application of polyethylene and/or ethylene copolymer backings to floor coverings
DE2533407A1 (de) * 1974-07-26 1976-02-12 Ici Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung von teppichen
DE2621195C2 (de) * 1976-05-13 1982-10-14 Giulini Chemie Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Versteifungsmaterialien für Schuhe und Schuhteile
GB2191209B (en) * 1986-05-23 1989-12-13 Halstead James Ltd Floor covering

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0520151A1 (fr) 1992-12-30
ES2077276T5 (es) 1999-01-16
EP0520151B1 (fr) 1995-09-06
GR3017165T3 (en) 1995-11-30
DK0520151T3 (da) 1995-10-23
ES2077276T3 (es) 1995-11-16
DE59203541D1 (de) 1995-10-12
ATE127548T1 (de) 1995-09-15
DK0520151T4 (da) 1999-07-05

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