EP0518310B1 - Circuit de combinaison ou de distribution de signaux de puissance à hautes fréquences - Google Patents

Circuit de combinaison ou de distribution de signaux de puissance à hautes fréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0518310B1
EP0518310B1 EP92109809A EP92109809A EP0518310B1 EP 0518310 B1 EP0518310 B1 EP 0518310B1 EP 92109809 A EP92109809 A EP 92109809A EP 92109809 A EP92109809 A EP 92109809A EP 0518310 B1 EP0518310 B1 EP 0518310B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lines
individual gates
individual
inner conductor
line
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92109809A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0518310A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Jöst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Bridge circuits of this type are known (Meinke / Gundlach: Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik, 3rd ed., P. 1444 ff).
  • the transformation elements of such bridges can be constructed either from concentrated transformation elements or from line elements, for example ⁇ / 8 or ⁇ / 4 lines. In a so-called Wilkinson coupler, the transformation elements are, for example, ⁇ / 4-long lines.
  • Such bridge circuits are used in high-frequency technology primarily for the parallel connection of high-frequency transmitters. Load balancing resistors are required for broadband decoupling of the individual gates.
  • such a resistor is connected between the two individual gates, in the case of a triple or multiple Wilkinson coupler between the individual gates and a common star point or a corresponding polygon.
  • the load balancing resistors are arranged, for example, symmetrically to the ground potential in terms of voltage. It is also known to connect the load balancing resistors to ground on one side and to connect them to the individual gates via additional lines (DE 37 02 896).
  • the individual gates can be spatially arranged at a distance that is most favorable for the respective application, the actual load balancing resistor is connected to the individual gates via correspondingly long lines, the length of these lines being based only on the desired distance between the individual gates. Since these cables of any length result in a corresponding resistance transformation, their wave impedance is dimensioned in relation to ground and the complex load balancing resistor connected at its ends so that the complex resistance transformed through these cables to the individual gates corresponds to the complex resistance value which is necessary for broadband decoupling of the individual gates is needed.
  • This resistance value is calculated in a known manner according to the design regulations for the corresponding couplers; it corresponds to the resistance value which is calculated under the ideal assumption of individual gates which are spatially close together. It is therefore only necessary to dimension the complex load balancing resistor connected to the lines in such a way that the desired broadband decoupling of the individual gates is achieved.
  • the measure according to the invention is suitable both for bridges with high-level load balancing resistors and for bridges in which they are pulled down to ground on one side. Furthermore, it is advantageous to take the compensation measures required for maintaining a broadband transformation of the bridge at the sum gate or at the individual gates in line technology train and take advantage of the additional connection lines of the load balancing resistor.
  • a bridge according to the invention has proven to be particularly advantageous to design a bridge according to the invention using stripline technology (microstrip, suspended stripline, triplate technology or the like), since this results in a particularly simple and reproducible overall structure.
  • stripline technology microstrip, suspended stripline, triplate technology or the like
  • ⁇ / 4-long transformation lines are implemented in stripline technology compared to a ground plane
  • the actual supply lines for bridging the distance between the individual gates are also implemented in stripline technology
  • the connecting lines for the one or more of the individual gates remote complex load balancing resistors are formed by coaxial lines which are electrically conductively connected to the strip lines.
  • a bridge according to the invention also has the advantage that the load balancing resistors can be attached at locations where they can be optimally cooled.
  • a bridge according to the invention is therefore suitable for any desired performance with the smallest space requirement.
  • Fig. 1 shows a double Wilkinson coupler consisting of two at the average operating frequency approximately ⁇ / 4-long transformation lines L, the outer conductors are on both sides to ground M and the inner conductors are combined at one end in a summation point S and their other ends are connected to the two individual gates E1 and E2.
  • the complex load balancing resistor Z required for the broadband decoupling between the individual gates E1 and E2 in accordance with the known dimensioning regulations is formed in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 by a high-voltage complex resistance component Z1, which is arranged via coaxial lines L1 and L2 with any spacing between them Single gates E1 and E2 is connected.
  • the outer conductors of these two lines L1, L2 are again connected to ground M on both sides, their inner conductor is connected to the resistance element Z1 or to the individual gates E1, E2.
  • the length and the impedance of these lines L1, L2 depend on the spatial distance between the two individual gates E1, E2, the complex resistance element Z1 is dimensioned such that the desired complex by transforming the lines L1, L2 at the individual gates E1, E2 Load balancing resistance value Z appears.
  • Fig. 2 and 3 show two further embodiments for the arrangement of a single (Fig. 2) or two parallel (Fig. 3) load balancing resistors in turn in a 2-way Wilkinson coupler, in which the individual gates E1 and E2 again in one any spatial distance from each other are arranged.
  • the outer conductor of a coaxial cable L4 of any length is connected to the individual gate E1
  • the inner conductor I4 of which ends near the second individual gate E2 is connected to the individual gate E2 via a reactance Z3, for example a capacitor.
  • the coaxial cable connected to the outer conductor at E1 also sits in one any length of line section L5, whose inner conductor I5 is connected to a complex resistance element Z2, which is connected between this inner conductor I5 and the outer conductor of this line section L5 and which is preferably connected to ground M on one side.
  • a ground area M4 is provided, which together with the outer conductor of the line section L4 forms a high-frequency line with a corresponding characteristic impedance.
  • the complex resistor Z2 is transformed via the coaxial cable L5, L4 to the reactance Z3 (it thus acts between the inner conductor I4 and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable L4) and is then transformed by the line system L4 / M4 to the individual gate E1, so that between the individual gates E1 and E2 the series connection of this transformed resistance element Z2 and the reactance Z3 acts.
  • the complex load balancing resistance Z required for the decoupling can be generated again between the individual gates E1 and E2.
  • two electrically connected load balancing resistors Z2 and Z2 ' are provided, each using the same connection technology as in FIG. 2 with a reactance Z3 arranged between lines L4 and L4', for example again a capacitor.
  • the two complex resistors Z2 and Z2 ' are transformed via line sections L5 + L4 and L5' + L4 'to reactance Z3 and then via line system L4 / M4 or L4 '/ M4' to the individual gates E1 and E2, by appropriate selection of the resistors Z2 and Z2 ', the desired load balancing resistance Z between the individual gates E1 and E2 can be realized in this way.
  • the line systems L4, L5 or L4 ', L5' can also be used to compensate for the frequency dependence of the line transformation by the ground area M4 below the outer conductor of the line L4 via the connection of the single gate E1 or E2 to a below the line section L5 or .
  • L5 'extending ground surface M5 or M5' is extended and the outer conductor of the line section L5 or L5 'is galvanically connected at a predetermined distance 1 from the associated single gate E1 or E2 to the ground surface M5 or M5' (short circuit M6 or M6 ′).
  • the bridge circuits shown in the figures in coaxial line technology according to the invention can be constructed in a particularly simple and space-saving manner in strip line technology, a mixed technology being advantageous, for example by using the lines L and the line system L4 / M4 or L4 '/ M4' and optionally L5 / M5 or L5 '/ M5' are built using stripline technology, while the transformation lines L4, L5 or L4 ', L5' are designed as coaxial lines that are soldered onto the striplines of the stripline system.

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  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Circuit pour répartir sur plusieurs portes individuelles (E1, E2) une énergie en haute fréquence sortant d'une porte commune (S) ou pour amener en commun à cette porte (S) l'énergie à haute fréquence provenant de portes individuelles (E1, E2), comportant entre la porte commune et les portes individuelles des organes de transformation et chaque fois entre les portes individuelles des résistances d'équilibrage de charges fonctionnant à haute tension, caractérisé en ce que les portes individuelles (E1, E2) sont espacées entre elles de manière quelconque, les résistances d'équilibrage de charge (Z) sont des éléments résistants complexes (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z2′) reliés par des conducteurs de liaison (figure 1 : L1, L2 ; Figure 2 : L4 ; Figure 3 :L4, L4′), la réactance des conducteurs de liaison et l'élément résistant complexe ayant des dimensions établies en fonction de la longueur des conducteurs de liaison de manière à assurer le découplage des portes individuelles dans une large bande.
  2. Circuit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la résistance d'équilibrage de charges (Z) est formée de manière connue par transformation d'au moins un élément résistant complexe, relié d'un côté à la masse (M) des lignes de transformation (L5, L5′) incluant les conducteurs de liaison (L4, L4′) (figures 2 et 3).
  3. Circuit selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'à une extrémité (I5) du conducteur interne d'un conducteur (L4 + L5) est raccordé un élément résistant complexe (Z2) relié lui même à la masse (M), tandis que l'autre extrémité (I5) de ce conducteur interne est reliée à une réactance(Z3) elle-même reliée à une porte individuelle (E2), une partie (L4) de la longueur de ce conducteur (L4 + L5) formant un autre conducteur (L4/M4) reliant le point de raccordement du conducteur interne (I4) et de la réactance (Z3) à l'autre porte individuelle (E1) (Figure 2).
  4. Circuit selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'à une extrémité (I5, I5′) du conducteur interne de chaque couple de deux conducteurs (L4 + L5 ; L4′ + L5′) est raccordé un élément résistant complexe (Z2, Z2′) lui-même raccordé à la masse (M), les autres extrémités (I4, I4′) du conducteur interne de chaque couple étant reliées à une réactance (Z3), une partie (L4, L4′) de la longueur de ces conducteurs (L4 + L5 ; L4′ + L5) formant d'autres conducteurs (L4/M4 ; L4′/M4′) reliant aux deux portes (E1, E2) les points de raccordement (I4, I4′) du conducteur interne, à la réactance (Z3) (Figure 3).
  5. Circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des conducteurs (L4/M4, L5/M5) reliés aux portes individuelles (E1, E2), est dimensionnée de manière à former ainsi des réactances de compensation.
  6. Circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des conducteurs est réalisée selon la technique des lignes à ruban par rapport à une ou plusieurs surfaces constituant des masses de référence.
EP92109809A 1991-06-14 1992-06-11 Circuit de combinaison ou de distribution de signaux de puissance à hautes fréquences Expired - Lifetime EP0518310B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4119631A DE4119631A1 (de) 1991-06-14 1991-06-14 Schaltung zum aufteilen oder zusammenfuehren von hochfrequenzleistung
DE4119631 1991-06-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0518310A1 EP0518310A1 (fr) 1992-12-16
EP0518310B1 true EP0518310B1 (fr) 1995-08-16

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Family Applications (1)

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EP92109809A Expired - Lifetime EP0518310B1 (fr) 1991-06-14 1992-06-11 Circuit de combinaison ou de distribution de signaux de puissance à hautes fréquences

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EP (1) EP0518310B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4119631A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2215121T3 (es) 2000-01-20 2004-10-01 Kathrein-Werke Kg Circuito para repartir o reunir potencias de alta frecuencia.
CN106654496A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-10 成都雷电微力科技有限公司 一种改进的单节威尔金森功分器

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB583161A (en) * 1941-01-02 1946-12-11 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in apparatus for simultaneously or alternately transmitting and receiving radio signals of very high frequency
US4328471A (en) * 1980-09-15 1982-05-04 General Electric Company Bandwidth compensated quarter-wave coupled power combiner
US4450418A (en) * 1981-12-28 1984-05-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Stripline-type power divider/combiner with integral resistor and method of making the same
DE3702896A1 (de) * 1987-01-31 1988-08-11 Licentia Gmbh Brueckenschaltung mit lastausgleichswiderstaenden
US4875024A (en) * 1988-12-05 1989-10-17 Ford Aerospace Corporation Low loss power splitter

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Publication number Publication date
DE59203272D1 (de) 1995-09-21
EP0518310A1 (fr) 1992-12-16
DE4119631A1 (de) 1992-12-17

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