EP0513685B1 - Verfahren zum Tränken von porösen, faserigen oder pulver- förmigen Werkstoffen mit der Schmelze eines Metalls oder einer Legierung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Tränken von porösen, faserigen oder pulver- förmigen Werkstoffen mit der Schmelze eines Metalls oder einer Legierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0513685B1
EP0513685B1 EP19920107799 EP92107799A EP0513685B1 EP 0513685 B1 EP0513685 B1 EP 0513685B1 EP 19920107799 EP19920107799 EP 19920107799 EP 92107799 A EP92107799 A EP 92107799A EP 0513685 B1 EP0513685 B1 EP 0513685B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
pressure
melt
infiltration
infiltration chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19920107799
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0513685A1 (de
Inventor
Theodor Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schmitt
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lacom
Jian Dipl.-Ing. Qu
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Schmitt Theodor Dipl-Ing
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/26—Impregnating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for impregnating porous, fibrous or powdery materials in a previously degassed infiltration space with the melt of a metal or an alloy from a feed area, the melt being pressed into the infiltration space under pressure.
  • Such processes are used in particular for the production of metal objects reinforced with fibers, particles or the like, or of preforms which have porous cavities impregnated with metal, such as are e.g. can be used for highly stressed components.
  • the melting parameters (change in volume, thermal expansion of the containers, metals, etc.) are known or can be calculated easily and can be selected accordingly, the method according to the invention does not cause any great difficulties.
  • melt space or feed area and the receiving volume (infiltration space) it can be provided that only a portion of the metal (alloy) that is close to the receiving volume, in particular the lower portion, is melted and between the partial volume that receives the molten metal (alloy) a temperature difference is set or maintained in the task area and the partial volume of the feed area that receives the unmelted metal (alloy) and / or a pressure body, so that melted metal (alloy) penetrating into the colder partial volume is solidified again and as the unmelted metal (alloy) and / or at least one pressure body or solidified sealing material adhering to the boundary walls forms and maintains a seal between the two partial volumes.
  • a pressure body can also be provided, which e.g. from a higher melting metal or from another material, e.g. Ceramic, can exist; it is essential that between the molten metal and the residual metal or the pressure body a metal layer can melt and solidify again, which lies tightly against the metal to be melted or on the pressure body and the container wall or connects to this or this or adheres to it and, due to the seal, allows pressure to build up when the remaining metal to be melted is melted.
  • the pressure built up pushes the molten metal into the infiltration room.
  • the formation of a sealing zone formed by solidified, molten metal is supported by a temperature gradient between the molten metal and the non-molten metal or the pressure body, e.g. a temperature gradient is created by appropriate heating and cooling of the container.
  • Suitable metals and alloys to be melted are, for example, aluminum, magnesium or Cu and their alloys which are infiltrated into porous substances or infiltrated into a receiving volume which is made of metallic, with reinforcing elements, for example fibers, particles, whiskers or the like.
  • mineral, ceramic, graphitic or other materials are filled as densely as possible or in a predetermined density. It is particularly advantageous if the length of the fibers introduced extends through the entire infiltration space.
  • a device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the part of the pressure chamber close to the pressure vessel and the pressure vessel, preferably over the entire length of the infiltration path, can be heated with a heating device, preferably an induction heater.
  • the infiltration takes place in porous materials or preforms of metallic, ceramic, graphitic or mineral nature or in cavities which are filled with particles, whiskers, short and / or long fibers, with or without a binder, with a metallic melt and with the pressure that arises from the increase in volume when one or more initially solid metal bodies (s) melt in the closed container.
  • the inner volume of the container or the pressure space closed by it, the volume of the metal body (s) and the volume of the infiltrate space in the preform, the thermal expansion coefficients of the container and the pressure vessel, the metal (alloy) of the fibers are matched to one another, that the evacuated infiltration space (preform) is preferably completely infiltrated with metallic melt either during the melting process or in the course of a further increase in temperature of the molten metal.
  • the temperature of the melt in the infiltration room is e.g. adjusted by appropriate heating of the pressure vessel or the infiltration space itself or the melting area such that the entire or at least the main part of the infiltration pressure is created by the liquefaction of the melt. By regulating the temperature to values just above the melting point, a reaction between the melt and the filling or reinforcing materials can be minimized.
  • the restriction of the melt area to a partial area of the pressure space provided for the pressure build-up in the feed area or in the pressure space is achieved by sealing the partial volume with the expanding melt with the aid of at least one pressure body which consists of foreign metal, another material and / or the metal to be melted can, on which the solidifying melt can attach again and seal the melt area.
  • the area in which the sealing takes place is at a temperature level below the melting temperature; this temperature is set by heat dissipation, for example radiation or external cooling.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a device and FIG. 2 shows a detailed section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a device for pressure infiltration of molten metal into a pressure vessel 2 with an infiltration space 8 filled with filling material 7.
  • the pressure vessel is optionally connected in one piece to a pressure-resistant container 1.
  • the pressure chamber 6 of the container 1 is divided into two partial volumes, namely a lower partial volume in which the metal (alloy metal) is melted and in an upward subsequent partial volume in which the metal 9 to be melted is kept in solid form in order to To act pressure or sealing body; alternatively or additionally, a pressure or sealing body 9 made of another material can be provided in the application area.
  • a possibly common heating device 11 is assigned to the pressure vessel 2 and the container 1; the upper region of the container 1 is surrounded by a cooling device 12 in order to create a temperature gradient in the container 1.
  • the setting of the temperature gradient can also be achieved by thermal radiation, in that the heating device 11 surrounds the container 1 only over a certain partial area.
  • the metal 10 melted in the melting volume by the heating device 11 solidifies on the colder pressure part 9 or on the colder wall surrounding it and penetrates into the gap between the pressure part 9 and the wall of the pressure vessel 1 in a certain way until it solidifies .
  • This solidifying metal (14) prevents further penetration of the molten metal 10, as a result of which a pressure space is created which is only open towards the pressure vessel 2 or against the infiltration space 8 to be filled.
  • the metal body 9 inserted into the pressure chamber 6 or the metal body 13 inserted into the infiltration chamber 8 due to its thermal expansion, bring about a seal between itself and the respective walls of the container 1 or pressure vessel 6 , which largely prevents the penetration of molten metal.
  • This measure can be carried out in addition or as an alternative to sealing with the aid of a temperature gradient to form a sealing layer 14 made of solidifying metal.
  • the cross sections of the pressure chamber 6 or of the infiltration chamber 8 can be any, since the shape of the sealing body 9 or 13 can also be selected as desired or can be adapted to the clear width of the rooms.
  • the method is particularly advantageously suitable for the infiltration of aluminum, magnesium or other metals or their alloys, since these metals expand considerably during melting; e.g.
  • melting aluminum increases its volume by 6%, and it is for the introduction of aluminum and / or magnesium or their alloys in preforms or infiltration volumes 8, or the like with particles and / or fibers made of silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, carbon, boron nitride. are filled, only short infiltration times are necessary, which largely preclude a reaction of the fibers (formation of metal carbides, nitrides, etc.) with the introduced metals.
  • the device Before melting or after filling the infiltration space 8 with the fibers 7 or the pressure space 6 with the metal to be melted, the device is evacuated, which evacuation can continue until the seal 14 is formed between the melted metal and the pressure body 9.
  • the pressure bodies 9 and 13 are adapted as precisely as possible to the inside width of the container or pressure vessels 2. This is particularly easy if the pressure body consists of solid metal to be melted, since the extent of the empty spaces to be taken into account when calculating and regulating the infiltration pressure is then minimized.
  • temperature and / or pressure measuring devices 16, 17 are expediently provided, by means of which the heating device (s) 11 and / or cooling device 12 can be controlled.
  • a possible reaction between the infiltrated metal and the filling material 7 can be minimized if the container 2 is cooled immediately after the infiltration metal has penetrated, e.g. quenched by immersion in water or hot oil.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP19920107799 1991-05-08 1992-05-08 Verfahren zum Tränken von porösen, faserigen oder pulver- förmigen Werkstoffen mit der Schmelze eines Metalls oder einer Legierung Expired - Lifetime EP0513685B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914115057 DE4115057A1 (de) 1991-05-08 1991-05-08 Verfahren und einrichtung zum infiltrieren von geschmolzenem metall
DE4115057 1991-05-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0513685A1 EP0513685A1 (de) 1992-11-19
EP0513685B1 true EP0513685B1 (de) 1995-08-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920107799 Expired - Lifetime EP0513685B1 (de) 1991-05-08 1992-05-08 Verfahren zum Tränken von porösen, faserigen oder pulver- förmigen Werkstoffen mit der Schmelze eines Metalls oder einer Legierung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0513685B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE4115057A1 (enExample)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10333038B4 (de) * 2003-07-21 2006-01-05 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Druckinfiltration poröser Bauteile

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4225530A1 (de) * 1992-08-01 1994-02-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Bauteilen
AT406837B (de) * 1994-02-10 2000-09-25 Electrovac Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metall-matrix-verbundwerkstoffen
AT405798B (de) * 1995-06-21 1999-11-25 Electrovac Verfahren zur herstellung von mmc-bauteilen
AT406238B (de) * 1995-07-07 2000-03-27 Electrovac Formkörper aus mmc mit modulartigem aufbau
DE19605398A1 (de) * 1996-02-14 1997-08-21 Wielage Bernhard Prof Dr Ing Herstellen von Verbundwerkstoffen durch Bandgießen bzw. Gießwalzen
US5934357A (en) * 1996-11-13 1999-08-10 Aluminum Company Of America System for manufacturing metal matrix composites
JPH10152734A (ja) * 1996-11-21 1998-06-09 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 耐摩耗性金属複合体
DE19710671C2 (de) * 1997-03-14 1999-08-05 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils sowie Verwendung eines derart hergestellten Bauteils
DE19712624C2 (de) * 1997-03-26 1999-11-04 Vaw Motor Gmbh Aluminiummatrix-Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE19851258A1 (de) * 1998-11-06 2000-05-18 Fuerstlich Hohenzollernsche We Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausfüllen von Hohlräumen bzw. Nuten eines Körpers mit einem flüssigen Metall
FR2825041B1 (fr) 2001-05-25 2003-08-29 Cit Alcatel Procede de fabrication d'une structure tube-plaque en materiau composite a matrice metallique

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5523892B2 (enExample) * 1973-04-03 1980-06-25
US4508158A (en) * 1983-02-22 1985-04-02 International Harvester Company Graphite-metal matrix bearings and methods of manufacturing
DE3504118C1 (de) * 1985-02-07 1985-10-31 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur Herstellung faserverstaerkter Leichtmetall-Gussstuecke

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10333038B4 (de) * 2003-07-21 2006-01-05 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Druckinfiltration poröser Bauteile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4115057A1 (de) 1992-11-12
DE4115057C2 (enExample) 1993-03-11
EP0513685A1 (de) 1992-11-19

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