EP0512131A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schmieren und Kühlen in einer Tiefzieh- und Glatt-presse - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schmieren und Kühlen in einer Tiefzieh- und Glatt-presse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0512131A2
EP0512131A2 EP91107217A EP91107217A EP0512131A2 EP 0512131 A2 EP0512131 A2 EP 0512131A2 EP 91107217 A EP91107217 A EP 91107217A EP 91107217 A EP91107217 A EP 91107217A EP 0512131 A2 EP0512131 A2 EP 0512131A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
coolant
dispersion
ring
lubricating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91107217A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0512131A3 (de
Inventor
James E. Knepp
Robert E. Welsh
James A. Miller
Raymond Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howmet Aerospace Inc
Original Assignee
Aluminum Company of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Publication of EP0512131A2 publication Critical patent/EP0512131A2/de
Publication of EP0512131A3 publication Critical patent/EP0512131A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/18—Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
    • B21D22/286—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies with lubricating or cooling means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus and method for drawing or for drawing and ironing a workpiece. More particularly, the invention relates to apparatus and method for lubricating and cooling a workpiece and an ironing ring or die in a press as the workpiece is worked within the ring or die.
  • the principal method of making can bodies for the carbonated beverage market is to draw and iron the bodies from a circular metal blank.
  • a typical can body is made by blanking, drawing the blank into a shallow cup, and then forcing the cup directly through two or more ironing dies to thin and lengthen the sidewall.
  • the blank is usually first drawn into a cup with a draw press, and thereafter the cup is redrawn and ironed with a redraw and ironing press, commonly referred to as a bodymaker.
  • the present invention includes apparatus and process incorporating lubricant "dispersed" in a coolant for application to the workpiece and the tooling employed in forming a closed end hollow body.
  • a lubricant liquid phase is injected into a coolant liquid phase to form a "dispersion" prior to application to the metal-tool interface.
  • Providing the lubricant as a dispersion in the coolant liquid phase rather than as an emulsion provides several advantages.
  • the quantity of lubricant and the time of lubricant injection can be varied to control lubricity and, thus, friction.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve differential friction in the ironing process by simultaneously providing, at appropriate times, higher lubricity on the ironing die (low friction) and lower lubricity on the punch surface (high friction).
  • Lubricities and cooling are controllable for the specific metal forming process employed to produce closed end hollow body containers. After application, the lubricant and coolant are separated, the lubricant filtered to remove debris, stored, and then reinjected to provide lubrication for the process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the lubricant and coolant handling apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tool pack of a redraw and iron press portion of apparatus of this invention. It shows a cup mounted on a punch in position to work the cup through the tool pack and form a redrawn and ironed can body.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a lubricating and cooling application ring portion of apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a lubricating and cooling application ring portion of apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an additional embodiment of a lubricating and cooling application ring portion of apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of an insert portion of the lubricating and cooling ring shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a top plan view of the insert shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a bottom plan view of the insert shown in Figures 6 and 7.
  • the present invention provides apparatus and method involving lubricating and cooling systems employing "dispersion" lubrication to provide unique advantages over mineral oil emulsions or synthetic oil emulsion-formulated lubricants or of soluble type synthetics.
  • a lubricant with a coolant such as water or a water-based coolant
  • a coolant such as water or a water-based coolant
  • emulsifiers produce very small droplets, i.e., droplets predominately 3 microns and smaller, of the lubricant liquid phase, and a stable or tight chemical emulsion results.
  • the lubricant is "mechanically" dispersed in the water phase coolant, i.e., injected in the form of droplets estimated as approximately 40-50 microns in diameter by injecting it therein with an injection nozzle, such as an atomizer for example.
  • Emulsions are characterized as being substantially chemically stable with unalterable interrelated cooling and lubricating capabilities.
  • the lubricant liquid phase of a dispersion of this invention is chemically formulated without emulsifiers to be unstable once mixed or mechanically sheared with the coolant. This provides for instant availability of the lubricant liquid phase at the workpiece-forming tool interface. This availability of lubricity is achieved at less concentration of the lubricant liquid phase in the coolant than with emulsions.
  • a dispersion provides both the cooling and lubricating requirements in the draw and iron process in unique control of either cooling or of lubricating independent of the other.
  • Control of cooling is achieved by proper volume flow, temperature control, and consistent, uniform application.
  • Lubricity control is achieved by providing a proper lubricant formula and modifying the hardware or systems apparatus properly to handle, filter, and reapply that lubricant liquid phase.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is formulated chemically to be very unstable by phase when mixed or sheared with the coolant liquid phase. This provides for very high and instant availability of the lubricant liquid phase at the workpiece-forming tool surface interface. This lubricity is achieved at notably less concentration of lubricant in the coolant than with emulsions (i.e., 0.2% to 0.6% by volume in units lubricant per unit water for the dispersion invention vs. 4.0% to 6.0% for emulsions).
  • Combined cooling and lubricating is achieved by injecting the lubricant liquid phase into the cooling liquid phase just prior (in distance) to its application to the metal-tool interface.
  • lubricity can be controlled and substantially instantly varied as desired. It is, thus, possible to have differential lubricity or friction on the punch surface and the ironing ring surface. This is a significant factor in ironing deformation.
  • the apparatus and method of the present invention provide a departure from commercial lubricant spray rings designed to distribute a continuous flow of a single liquid serving as both coolant and lubricant in ironing.
  • the circular spray rings for lubricant and coolant application in processes such as drawing and ironing of cans typically have only one concentric ring and groove and are acceptable for application of emulsion and soluble type lubricants.
  • These spray rings provide consistent and uniform application and distribution of the lubricant and coolant where the liquid itself is an emulsion of homogeneous solution.
  • the emulsion provides a chemically controlled uniform distribution of oil droplets or a homogeneous soluble lubricant type such as synthetics.
  • the lubricant used in conjunction with the present invention is a dispersion created by spraying or injecting lubricant into the coolant flow upstream from the lubricant spray ring.
  • the liquid is a dispersion of lubricant droplets and where additional lubricant is spray-injected into the coolant stream on an interrupted, timed basis, the conventional circular spray ring will not function properly.
  • the spray-injected lubricant portion of the coolant stream must flow such that it reaches the total circular ring groove at the same precise time.
  • the apparatus and method of this invention incorporate two types of spray ring configurations, each type maintaining an aspect of separation of coolant liquid phase from lubricant liquid phase and a precise timed and controlled aspect when the lubrication phase is applied at the workpiece.
  • Lubricants and coolants used with conventional apparatus and process for forming drawn and ironed cans and similar forming processes include soluble oils (emulsions), synthetics (emulsions and fully soluble forms), and mechanical-hydraulic lubricants used to maintain the equipment. These lubricants used in many different combinations influence the total process and create known inconsistent and uncontrollable conditions. These conditions cause difficulties with metal deformation, productivity, can quality, washer efficiency, environmental waste concerns, and undesirable costs. Emulsions and soluble synthetics are formulated and maintained as chemically stable and unalterable interrelated cooling and lubricating characteristics. Lubricity will not vary nor can it be altered over short time periods.
  • Lubricants used in this invention are formulated without chemical emulsions and are applied to the workpiece as a mechanical dispersion in the coolant or water phase.
  • the lubricant formula without emulsifiers When the lubricant formula without emulsifiers is injected into the coolant stream, it is unstable and provides instantly available lubricant liquid phase at the workpiece-forming tool interface. Supplying the lubricant as a dispersed lubricant in the coolant permits control of the quantity and time of lubricant injection, thus it is possible to control lubricity and thus friction and further to use this to achieve low friction between the workpiece and ironing die and high friction between the workpiece and the punch surface.
  • This present invention achieves proper lubricity properties at notably less concentration of the lubricant in the coolant than with emulsion lubricants (i.e. 0.2% to 0.6% compared with 4.0% to 6.0%).
  • the lubricants formulated without emulsifiers can be used as mechanical-hydraulic lubricants, thus eliminating a serious source of process contamination. Any leakage or use of these lubricants into the process-system is fully compatible with the process and consumed as a portion of normal make-up lubricant.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is separated from the coolant liquid phase, filtered to remove metal wear debris, stored, and reinjected to the workpiece as required.
  • the lubricant liquid phase flushes the wear debris from the workpiece, transports it to the filter for efficient removal, and, thus, is returned to the workpiece as essentially new lubricant.
  • Surface quality of the can is notably improved in brightness and fewer defects.
  • lubricity can be substantially instantly varied and controlled as desired to achieve maximum lubrication control at precise times in the process. Furthermore, differential lubricity can be realized on the punch and on the ironing ring, which is significant for ironing deformation. Required lubricity can be achieved at lower percent lubricant concentrations, reducing carry-out on cans, washer costs, and lubricant costs.
  • the lubricant liquid phase can be effectively filtered and maintained essentially unaltered, thereby improving can quality and reducing lubricant degradation.
  • the lubricant liquid phase can be maintained chemically consistent by analysis and make-up, providing essentially infinite sump life. Productivity and consistency are improved through control of lubricant and lubricity factors not possible with emulsions.
  • the lubricant formula free of emulsifiers readily breaks out in washer and plant effluent waste, reducing environment problems.
  • the lubricant formula free of emulsifiers can be used as the machinery hydraulic and gear lubricants.
  • cooling water as the coolant liquid phase with small residual quantities of the lubricant is supplied to the spray rings just in front of the ironing rings.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is injected into the water (liquid) phase supply lines just prior to the spray ring.
  • Lubricant is injected into the water phase through selected atomizing nozzles under differential pressures such that relatively small droplets of the lubricant are uniformly dispersed (mechanically) into the flowing water streams. Although the droplets are relatively small, they are considerably larger than those of a chemically emulsified lubricant and thus very readily available to coat the metal workpiece and tool to provide the required lubrication.
  • the spent water phase and lubricant liquid phases then are properly separated in an "operating tank.”
  • the lubricant liquid phase is filtered, stored, and then reinjected into the recycling water phase at levels required by the process.
  • the lubricant liquid phase becomes controllable and can be applied intermittently, when and where it is needed in the ironing stroke.
  • differential levels of friction can be achieved, high on the punch and low on the ironing ring.
  • Control of the injected lubricant is achieved through a hydraulic type pumping system, supplying the lubricant at Constant pressure and controlled flow rate to the selected atomizing nozzles, and a sophisticated control system of an encoder, fast operating valves, and electronic timing that injects the lubricant at precise positions of the ironing stroke for each spray ring.
  • Lubricant is injected on the forward stroke at precise times and is not injected at all or at very low levels on the punch surface on the return stroke.
  • a first type spray ring configuration for providing the controlled delivery (shown in Figure 4) has two manifold cavities and two distribution grooves in the same ring.
  • the two circular manifolds would be of similar dimensions. They are interchangeable in application of coolant and dispersed lubricant to the workpiece.
  • This spray ring design for separate flows of coolant and dispersed lubricant provides independent, uniform, and controllable application. This is achieved by a separate supply port, manifold, and spray groove or passageway holes for each flow.
  • This spray ring design provides for one manifold to apply a continuous flow of coolant having a very dilute or minimal amount of lubricant (0.2% to 0.6%) in the water-based coolant flow.
  • the second manifold applies the dispersed lubricant liquid phase.
  • the dispersed lubricant liquid phase is composed of a controlled flow portion of the normal coolant supply into which the lubricant is injected under differential pressure (50 to 200 psi) via an injection spray nozzle.
  • This dispersed lubricant liquid phase is typically 0.5% to 0.75% by volume concentration.
  • the dispersed lubricant liquid phase is controlled in its application by a control valve located downstream from the lubricant injection spray nozzle and prior to the inlet of the second spray ring manifold.
  • This control valve on each of the inlets to the two or three rings is individually synchronized to open and close at precise times to apply the dispersed lubricant liquid phase to the ironing dies on the forward ironing stroke and to withhold or reduce the application to the punch on the return stroke, thus achieving low and high friction on the ironing die and punch respectively.
  • a second spray ring configuration (shown in Figure 5) has a single manifold cavity, distribution groove, and a unique distribution manifold insert. This unique manifold and insert provides identical flow length paths through multiple ports leading to the application distribution groove.
  • Identical length of flow paths for each of ten (10) ports as shown in Figures 7 and 8 are achieved by a series of adjustable unique small insert dams and drilled cross access passageways to lead the flow from one insert groove to the next unit until it emerges at one of the ten ports.
  • the flow path length is determined or adjusted by placement of the dams and drilled holes.
  • the coolant liquid phase would have a minimal amount of lubricant (0.2% to 0.6%) and would have continuous identical flow volume being applied on the ironing rings or dies on the forward ironing stroke and applied on the punch on the return stroke.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is injected into the coolant liquid phase under differential pressure (50-200 psi) to atomize the lubricant into fine droplets dispersed in the coolant liquid phase just prior to the inlet of the spray ring manifold.
  • the lubricant can be injected at precise positions of the ironing stroke to supply dispersed lubricant on the forward stroke and stop dispersed lubricant on the return stroke.
  • This unique distribution injection apparatus of this invention provides controlled and precise time sequence, flow path length, and uniform application from the circular spray ring of a lubricant phase injected into the coolant liquid phase being applied to the spray ring.
  • Minimum lubricant quantity is used to provide the required lubricity, leaving little tramp or waste residual lubricant on the formed can. Washer chemicals are reduced, the dispersed lubricant is recycled within the plant, and environmental waste concerns are reduced.
  • the advantages provided by the apparatus and process of the present invention include a controllable dispersed lubricant, injected on precise intermittent times and where required, including differential levels of friction on the punch and ironing ring.
  • the controllable aspects of invention also reduce washer chemicals and reduce environmental waste problems.
  • a preferred embodiment of the subject invention will be described with respect to use and application on a bodymaker to make drawn and ironed can bodies. It will be apparent from the following description of the invention that it may be advantageous for use in making any closed end bodies which require drawing and ironing and which may be accompanied by high heat generation or high production rates.
  • a bodymaker or ironing press 10 has a supply line 12 connecting thereto for delivering a lubricant liquid phase dispersed in a coolant hereinafter referred to as a dispersion. Details for applying the dispersion to the interface of the punch-workpiece and dies are presented hereinbelow.
  • the lubricant may be injected into the coolant water supply as late as ejection of each from independent and distinct channels in a lubricating and cooling ring.
  • the lubricant is fed from a lubricant storage tank 18 through a lubricant supply line 20 with a suitable lubricant pump 22.
  • a lubricant control valve 24 ahead of the injector nozzle 14 is provided to enable varying the quantity and timing of the supply of lubricant into the coolant.
  • a pressure relief valve 26 and return line 28 to the lubricant tank 18 are provided for supplying a constant pressure of lubricant and to guard against an excessive lubricant line pressure.
  • the coolant-water supplied to the bodymaker through supply line 16 is contained in a coolant tank 30 and pumped (recycled) therefrom with a suitable coolant pump 32.
  • the coolant is preferably maintained at a constant temperature based on the physical dimension of the punch and the ironing ring.
  • a makeup lubricant line 34 between the lubricant supply line 20 and the suction side of the coolant-water pump 32 is provided to permit maintenance of certain minimal residual lubricant concentration in the recycling coolant-water system.
  • a discharge line 36 from the bodymaker 10 to a sump 38 carries the used dispersion away from the bodymaker after it has passed therethrough. From the sump 38, the dispersion which may now contain foreign debris from the metalworking process is pumped by a sump pump 40 through a lubricant-coolant filter 42 into the coolant tank 30.
  • the coolant tank 30 is partitioned into two spaces; one to contain the used incoming dispersed lubricant, and the other to contain essentially the coolant-water liquid free of the injected lubricant.
  • a skim trough 45 in the incoming dispersed lubricant space collects a predominantly lubricant fraction from the surface which has separated from the coolant and risen to the top. This predominantly lubricant fraction is drained off through a line 44 to a lubricant-coolant separator tank 46.
  • This tank like the coolant tank 30, is provided with a skim trough 47 to collect a top fraction of lubricant which is essentially free of the coolant-water phase. This fraction is piped off through line 48 to a lubricant filter tank 50.
  • Another line 52 drains the separated coolant-water phase back to the sump 38 for recirculation.
  • the lubricant from the lubricant filter tank is pumped by a lubricant filter pump 54 through a lubricant filter 56 to remove the extraneous particulate matter in the lubricant, and it is then passed on to the lubricant storage tank 18 for reuse as the lubricant liquid phase through the system.
  • a valve 58 in the line leading back to the lubricant storage tank 18 from the lubricant filter 56 is controlled by a float in the lubricant storage tank to provide an automatic lubricant flow control.
  • the coolant used in this invention is typically water. However, the coolant may have certain minimal residual lubricant concentration to facilitate equipment protection from corrosion and provide a base level of lubrication.
  • the lubricant used would depend at least in part on the application. For drawing and ironing, lubricants such as aqueous based formulations of mineral oil or aqueous based formulations of synthetic oil are used.
  • An example of a lubricant suitable for the apparatus and process of the present invention includes formula modifications to the lubricant disclosed in the Knepp U.S. Patent No. 3,923,671.
  • the lubricant is formulated without emulsifiers to be very unstable once mixed or sheared with the water phase.
  • a typical lubricant injected concentration in a dispersion of this invention would be 0.2% to 0.6% by volume, for example, versus 4.0% to 6.0% by volume when emulsions are used.
  • a typical lubricant formula found successful in this invention is compared to the emulsifiable lubricant cited in U.S. Patent No. 3,923,671.
  • Dispersible Lubricant Emulsifiable Lubricant 5.0 Parts Isostearic Acid 5 Parts Oleic Acid 15.0 Parts Triethylene Glycol Caprate-Caprylate 15 Parts Triethylene Glycol Caprate-Caprylate 27.3 Parts 1650 SUS Mineral Oil 4 Parts Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether 51.5 Parts 2000 SUS Mineral Oil 4 Parts Polyoxyethylene Stearate 1.2 Parts Corrosion Inhibitors and Antioxidants 72 Parts 1400 SUS Mineral Oil
  • a formula of synthetic base and additives which has shown successful lubrication characteristics is: 2.0 Parts Isostearic Acid 30.0 Parts Butoxyethoxy Ethyl Stearate 6.7 Parts Poly Alpha Olefin - 80 60.2 Parts Poly Alpha Olefin - 400 1.1 Parts Corrosion Inhibitors and Antioxidants
  • a redraw and iron press or bodymaker for making a standard 12-oz. can will typically have a redraw die 60 and three ironing rings 62, 64, 66 downstream in the direction of draw from the die and in coaxial alignment.
  • a can body is produced by positioning a drawn cup 68 on the redraw die 60 and forcing it sequentially through the redraw die and ironing rings 62, 64, 66 with the punch 70.
  • Each ironing ring has a slightly smaller inside diameter than the one preceding it so that as the workpiece passes through each ring, its sidewall is further thinned (ironed) and further elongated.
  • a spray ring 72 is positioned immediately ahead of each ironing ring.
  • Each spray ring 72 has an annular manifold 74 and an inlet 76 extending therefrom for attachment to the dispersed lubricant line 12.
  • Equally spaced passageways 78 angle downwardly from the annular manifold 74 to the inside of the ring to forcibly spray the lubricant-coolant downwardly toward the ironing ring below.
  • the passageway 78 can also be a continuous slot opening to the inside of the ring in a continuous slot.
  • the manifold 74 can be conveniently provided as a groove in the ring which is then closed with a cover 79 attached to the ring with machine screws.
  • spacer rings 77 of a length suitable to compensate for the increase in length of the workpiece sidewall are placed between successive lubricating and ironing rings.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is injected into the coolant liquid phase with injection nozzle 14.
  • injection nozzle 14 is supplied for each spray ring and the point of injection is as close to the spray rings' inlet as possible.
  • the lubricant is injected into the coolant stream under controlled pressure through an atomizing nozzle to provide many small lubricant droplets which are dispersed in the flowing coolant-water stream. Even though the droplets are very small in size, they are considerably larger than those of a chemically emulsified lubricant and thus are readily available to coat the metal workpiece and tool to provide the required lubrication.
  • a mechanically dispersed lubricant liquid phase affords an additional benefit over a chemically emulsified lubricant in that it can be controlled for application as needed.
  • Lubrication is desired between the workpiece and ironing rings to provide low frictional resistance between them. Only minimal lubrication between the punch and workpiece is preferred, however, because controlled higher friction between them is advantageous in reducing the stress in the sidewall of the workpiece during ironing.
  • an encoder, a control system of fast operating valves, and electronic timing and the lubricant can be injected for application at precise positions of the ironing stroke for each spray ring.
  • the injection nozzle and operating valves can be controlled to inject the lubricant into the coolant in such amounts and at such times that lubricant is provided primarily when the workpiece is in contact with the ironing ring.
  • injected lubricant in amounts from none to very little is applied to the punch on its return through the tooling after a can body has been formed and stripped therefrom.
  • FIG. 4 An embodiment of a spray ring suitable for use in this invention is shown in Figure 4.
  • this spray ring 72 two annular manifolds 74, 74 are provided rather than one, with one of the manifolds carrying coolant-water and the other a dispersed lubricant.
  • the coolant-water supply line 16 (shown in Figure 1) feeds directly to an inlet 76 on one of the manifolds in each of the ironing rings; in this configuration the injection nozzle 14 used to inject lubricant into the coolant-water line is eliminated.
  • one of the manifolds carries a liquid which is predominantly coolant-water and it is sprayed continuously for both the forward and return stroke while the press is being operated.
  • the coolant-water contains a relatively small fraction of minimal residual lubricant for the purpose of lubrication between the punch and workpiece interface and minimal lubrication and corrosion protection for pumps and machinery parts.
  • the second manifold in Figure 4 is used exclusively for distributing and applying the dispersed lubricant. It may be seen that when the lubricant manifold is full, the dispersed lubricant is uniformly distributed around the ring. With no pressure on the dispersed lubricant line, no liquid is sprayed into the ring interior. As the workpiece approaches an ironing ring, an instantly sharp increase in pressure generates a uniform spray of dispersed lubricant around the ring which is sustained until the workpiece exits the ring.
  • a dispersed lubricant control valve 24 (as shown in Figure 1) is located on the dispersed lubricant line downstream from the point of lubricant injection and prior to the spray ring inlet 76.
  • the dispersed lubricant control valve for each spray ring is individually synchronized by an encoder and electrical signal to open and close at precise controlled times to apply dispersed lubricant on the forward ironing stroke and to withhold dispersed lubricant to the punch surface on the return stroke, thus achieving low and high friction on the ironing die and punch respectively.
  • the lubricant liquid phase is typically not a straight (neat) lubricant. Because the most effective amount of lubricant required by volume with respect to the coolant is so small, it would be impractical if not impossible to provide it uniformly and at the proper times as a straight lubricant.
  • the lubricant fed to the manifold therefore, is a dispersion in a relatively high concentration in water. The water is most conveniently available by taking a controlled portion of the coolant-water supply from line 16. Thus, a line of appropriate size is attached to the coolant-water supply line and connected to the appropriate lubricant manifold inlet.
  • An injection nozzle is attached to the lubricant supply line 20, and the lubricant is injected into this coolant-water line in small droplets for transport to the spray ring.
  • the coolant-water is provided primarily for the purpose of carrying the injected lubricant and to facilitate its application.
  • the lubricant concentration in the coolant-water being supplied to the dispersed lubricant manifold is 0.5% to 0.75%.
  • the ring 72 is like that shown in Figure 3 and could also be like that of Figure 4 but where only one of the annular manifolds would be used. It is a hollow cylinder having an annular manifold 74 therein. As in the previously described embodiment, the manifold can be provided as a groove in the ring which is closed with a cover 79. An annular passageway 78 extends from the manifold 74 to an annular slot in the interior of the ring. An inlet 76 to the manifold is adapted for connection to a line carrying a lubricant-coolant mixture.
  • An insert 80 in the manifold provides multiple channels for transporting the lubricant dispersion on substantially equal length circuitous paths to the interior outlet slot so that the timed mixture coming from any of the multiple equal length paths is distributed uniformly around the ring interior.
  • the insert 80 has a central disc 82 with multiple annular flanges 84 projecting away from each side. It can be seen that with the insert 80 positioned in the manifold, the flanges 84 and central disc 82 define concentric grooves or channels above and below the disc.
  • a notch 86 is cut out of the disc 82 to allow incoming dispersed lubricant access to the two outermost channels (or which by design is the appropriate liquid path) below the disc.
  • a portion of the flanges 84 are cut away (or drilled) to provide the dispersed lubricant access to the channels above the disc.
  • plugs 88 are inserted to act as dams in the top channels to stop the flow of dispersed lubricant along that channel, and at other selected points the flanges are cut away to allow passage of the dispersed lubricant therethrough.
  • Openings 90 through the disc 82 are provided in the top channels to transfer the dispersed lubricant flow from the upper part of the manifold to the lower portion.
  • each of the dispersed lubricant flow paths designated by letters A, B, C, D, and E are the same length from the inlet 76 to the outlets and the dispersed lubricant will be timely distributed uniformly around the periphery of the ring.
  • Lubricant control and timely application with this spray ring is achieved by continuous flow of the coolant-water phase through supply line 16.
  • the lubricant is supplied through line 20, lubricant control valves 24, and injection nozzles 14.
  • Lubricant injection into each spray ring inlet is individually synchronized by an encoder and electrical signal to open and close at precise controlled times to inject lubricant on the forward ironing stroke only and to have substantially no injected lubricant on the return stroke.
  • the mixture distributed through this ring can be a dispersion of injected lubricant in water in a range of total lubricant 0.5% to 0.75% on the forward ironing stroke and a range of 0.2% to 0.6% total lubricant on the return stroke when injected lubricant is not present.
EP19910107217 1989-06-19 1991-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schmieren und Kühlen in einer Tiefzieh- und Glatt-presse Withdrawn EP0512131A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/368,284 US5020350A (en) 1989-06-19 1989-06-19 Apparatus and method for lubricating and cooling in a draw and iron press

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EP0512131A2 true EP0512131A2 (de) 1992-11-11
EP0512131A3 EP0512131A3 (de) 1992-12-02

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EP0771598A1 (de) * 1995-11-09 1997-05-07 Benteler Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung der Reibung bei der hydraulischen Umformung mittels Innenhochdruck und Vorrichtung zum hydraulischen Umformen
WO2006122584A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum umformen, insbesondere tiefziehen, eines flächigen blechzuschnitts mit einem umformwerkzeug
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US5555761A (en) * 1995-05-30 1996-09-17 Minster Machine Co Bodymaker tool pack
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US6207286B1 (en) 1997-04-18 2001-03-27 Alcoa Inc. Lubricated sheet product and lubricant composition
KR100391200B1 (ko) 2000-08-02 2003-07-12 기아자동차주식회사 가공물 디버링 장치
EP1270708B1 (de) * 2001-06-13 2005-10-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Verfahren zur Umformung unter Druck und dadurch erzeugtes Element
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JP5151598B2 (ja) * 2008-03-26 2013-02-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 しごき加工方法およびしごき加工装置
US10434558B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2019-10-08 CanForming Systems, LLC Toolpack for manufacturing containers
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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0771598A1 (de) * 1995-11-09 1997-05-07 Benteler Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung der Reibung bei der hydraulischen Umformung mittels Innenhochdruck und Vorrichtung zum hydraulischen Umformen
WO2006122584A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum umformen, insbesondere tiefziehen, eines flächigen blechzuschnitts mit einem umformwerkzeug
WO2006122855A1 (de) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum tiefziehen eines flächigen blechzuschnitts mit einem tiefziehwerkzeug
US8016148B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2011-09-13 Rexam Beverage Can Company Necked-in can body and method for making same
USD639164S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2011-06-07 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD619458S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-07-13 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD619457S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-07-13 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD620360S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-07-27 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD622145S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-08-24 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD638708S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2011-05-31 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD619459S1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-07-13 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD607754S1 (en) 2008-10-22 2010-01-12 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD621723S1 (en) 2009-01-27 2010-08-17 Rexam Beverage Can Company Beverage container
USD625616S1 (en) 2009-01-27 2010-10-19 Rexam Beverage Can Company Beverage container
USD675527S1 (en) 2010-06-17 2013-02-05 Rexam Beverage Can Europe Limited Container with closure
USD670167S1 (en) 2010-06-17 2012-11-06 Rexam Beverage Can Europe Limited Container with cap
USD684483S1 (en) 2010-06-17 2013-06-18 Rexam Beverage Can Europe Limited Container
USD707569S1 (en) 2011-07-15 2014-06-24 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD707568S1 (en) 2011-07-15 2014-06-24 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container body
USD712753S1 (en) 2011-07-15 2014-09-09 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container
USD713267S1 (en) 2011-07-15 2014-09-16 Rexam Beverage Can Company Container
USD744833S1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-08 Rexam Beverage Can Company Bottle
USD745399S1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-15 Rexam Beverage Can Company Bottle
USD745397S1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-15 Rexam Beverage Can Company Bottle
USD745396S1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-15 Rexam Beverage Can Company Bottle
USD745398S1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-15 Rexam Beverage Can Company Bottle

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EP0512131A3 (de) 1992-12-02
US5020350A (en) 1991-06-04

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