EP0505242A1 - Heat exchanger with several rows of tubes, more particularly for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with several rows of tubes, more particularly for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0505242A1
EP0505242A1 EP92400665A EP92400665A EP0505242A1 EP 0505242 A1 EP0505242 A1 EP 0505242A1 EP 92400665 A EP92400665 A EP 92400665A EP 92400665 A EP92400665 A EP 92400665A EP 0505242 A1 EP0505242 A1 EP 0505242A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
hole
bundle
collector plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92400665A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0505242B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Potier
Philippe Le Gauyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Original Assignee
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Thermique Moteur SA filed Critical Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Publication of EP0505242A1 publication Critical patent/EP0505242A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0505242B1 publication Critical patent/EP0505242B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/471—Plural parallel conduits joined by manifold
    • Y10S165/477—Elastic seal element between conduit ends and receiving holes in header plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of parallel tubes arranged in rows and having respective ends received in a collecting plate provided with holes, which are optionally surrounded by collars.
  • Such heat exchangers are used in particular in motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine to provide either cooling of the engine or heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the bundle tubes are then traversed by a fluid used for cooling the engine, while air circulates between the bundle tubes.
  • the bundle tubes have a non-circular section, in particular a flattened section of oval, elliptical or oblong type, so as to reduce the pressure drop undergone by the air flow passing through the heat exchanger and at optimize the thermal performance of the latter.
  • the collector plate also called a "hole plate”
  • the collector plate is generally produced in the form of a metal plate in which the holes and the corresponding collars are arranged.
  • the seal between each end of the tube and the corresponding collar is then obtained either by interposing a compressible seal, or by direct brazing, the tube then being provided with an easily fusible metal plating.
  • the collector plate must also include several rows of holes which are separated from each other by a given center distance within the same row and by another given center distance d 'one row to another. There is thus between two consecutive holes in the collector plate a thickness of material which, for reasons of mechanical strength of the collector plate, cannot fall below a minimum value, this minimum value being essentially essential for the realization of collars if the collector plate has them.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to overcome these drawbacks.
  • a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of parallel tubes arranged in rows, and the ends of which are received in a collecting plate provided with holes, possibly surrounded by collars.
  • each hole of the manifold receives the respective ends of several adjacent tubes and in that a compressible seal is interposed between each hole and the ends of tubes received in this hole.
  • the center distance or not of the tubes can be brought to a minimum value. It is thus possible to optimize the performance of the heat exchanger and this for minimum dimensions of the collector plate.
  • the collector plate As each hole of the collector plate receives the respective ends of several tubes and since it can also be surrounded by a collar, the collector plate is thus stiffened, which results in better resistance to pressure.
  • this seal comprises a core suitable for being applied to the collector plate and provided with compressible collars corresponding to the holes in the collector.
  • Each compressible collar is suitable for being interposed between a hole in the collector plate and the ends of the tubes received in this hole, this compressible collar providing bridges of material between two ends of adjacent tubes received in the same hole.
  • each of the compressible collars of the seal provides sealing between, on the one hand, the hole of the collector plate and, on the other hand, the ends of tubes received in this hole.
  • each compressible collar comprises a single bridge of material.
  • the compressible collar comprises two bridges of material.
  • the invention applies in particular to a collector plate whose holes are provided with collars.
  • each bridge of material of the compressible collar is reinforced by a heel which aims to limit the entrainment of the elastic material constituting the seal during the introduction of the ends of the tubes of the bundle.
  • the invention further provides for having a comb-shaped bar embedded in the thickness of the joint to reinforce the adjacent material bridges.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 represent a collecting plate 10, also called a plate with holes, of generally rectangular shape.
  • the plate 10 has a core 12 of generally rectangular shape, preferably formed of a metallic material, and limited by two parallel edges 14 corresponding to the two long sides of the rectangle and two other parallel edges (not shown in the drawings), corresponding to the small sides of the rectangle.
  • each of the edges 14 comprises firstly a part 16 connected at right angles to the core 12, a part 18 connected at right angles to the part 16 and finally a part 20 connected at right angles to the part 18.
  • the parts 16 and 18 of each edge 14 thus define a groove 22 extending over the entire periphery of the plate 10 and the function of which will be explained below.
  • Each of the parts 20 is crenellated on its free edge to define a series of lugs 24 capable of being folded down to ensure the assembly of the collector plate with a wall of water box (not shown).
  • Each of the holes 26 has, in the direction of its length, an axis of symmetry XX ′ which extends perpendicular to the edges 14 of the collector plate 10.
  • Each of the holes 26 is formed by the union of two identical oval sections 28 which intersect at a throttle 30.
  • the two sections 28 are elliptical, their respective major axes being aligned in the direction of the axis XX ′.
  • the respective centers of the two elliptical sections 28 define between them an axis spacing P.
  • the distance between two adjacent holes 26 defines an axis E whose direction is perpendicular to that of the pitch P.
  • Each of the holes 26 is surrounded by a collar 32 whose contour corresponds to that of the two sections 28 including their throttle 30.
  • Each of the collars 32 projects relative to the core 12, on the side opposite to the tabs 24.
  • each hole 26 is intended to receive the respective ends of two tubes belonging to two adjacent rows of a bundle formed of two rows of tubes. Within a single row, the tubes are separated two by two by an E-axis.
  • the seal 34 made of a compressible elastomeric material, comprises a core 36 of generally rectangular shape corresponding to that of the core 12 of the collecting plate 10.
  • the core 36 is limited by two longitudinal beads 38 corresponding to the two long sides of the rectangle and two lateral beads (not shown) corresponding to the short sides of the rectangle.
  • the beads 38 are attached to the core 36 by a veil of material 40. This gives a bead extending over the entire periphery of the seal and suitable for being introduced into the groove of the collector plate.
  • the core 36 is provided with compressible collars 42 each of which has a shape adapted to that of a hole 26 so as to be able to be introduced into the latter when the core 36 of the seal 34 is applied against the core 12 of the collector plate 10 .
  • Each collar 42 thus affects the general shape of an 8 formed by two oval parts 44 joined together by a bridge of material 46.
  • a compressible collar 42 of the seal 34 is introduced into a collar 32 of a collector plate 10
  • the two parts 44 of the collar 42 engage respectively in the two sections 28 of the hole 26, the material bridge 46 coming to be placed in the constriction 30.
  • the core 36 forms, inside each compressible collar 42, two orifices 48 suitable for receiving each, as will be seen below, one end of a tube of the bundle.
  • each material bridge 46 is reinforced by a heel 50 intended to limit the entrainment of the material of the seal during assembly of the tube bundle.
  • FIG. 5 shows a bundle 52 formed of two rows of tubes 54 of non-circular section which cross a multiplicity of parallel fins 56.
  • the tubes 54 are separated two by two with a center distance E within the same row and with a pitch P from one row to another.
  • the tubes 54 have respective ends 58 of non-circular shape spaced from one another with the same center distance and the same pitch as the tubes.
  • the shape of the holes 26 of the collector plate 10 and the shape of the compressible beads 42 and the orifices 48 of the seal 34 are adapted to that of the ends 58 of the tubes 54.
  • the gasket 34 is first placed on the collecting plate 10 and the ends 58 of the bundle tubes are then introduced into the perforations 48 of the joint 34.
  • the ends 58 can be introduced into the holes 48 and then be flared to ensure the compression of the seal, in a manner known per se.
  • the latter can be flared over their entire periphery or over part of their periphery so as to prevent inadvertent separation of the collector plate and the bundle.
  • each material bridge 46 of the seal 34 has a heel 50, the entrainment of the seal material is limited during the passage of the prestressing punches or during the introduction of the ends 58 of the tubes.
  • the seal 34 comprises a bar 60, in the form of a comb, which is embedded in the thickness of the seal to reinforce the bridges of material 46 from each of the compressible beads 42.
  • the bar 60 comprises a core 62, intended to extend over the length of the joint 34 by crossing each of the bridges of material 46, and provided with a multiplicity of teeth 64 whose distance mutual corresponds to the center distance E.
  • the bar 60 which is advantageously a molded metal bar, opposes the entrainment of the material of the seal during assembly of the bundle of tubes.
  • the other end of the bundle is advantageously provided with a similar collecting plate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'échangeur de chaleur de l'invention comprend un faisceau (52) de tubes parallèles (54) disposés en rangées et dont les extrémités respectives (58) sont reçues dans une plaque collectrice (10) munie de trous (26) éventuellement bordés par des collets (32). Selon l'invention, chaque trou (26) de la plaque collectrice (10) reçoit les extrémités respectives (58) de plusieurs tubes adjacents (54) appartenant à des rangées différentes du faisceau. Le pas (P) compris entre deux tubes appartenant à deux rangées adjacentes peut être ainsi amené à une valeur minimale pour optimiser les performances de l'échangeur de chaleur, pour une largeur minimale de la plaque collectrice. <IMAGE>The heat exchanger of the invention comprises a bundle (52) of parallel tubes (54) arranged in rows and the respective ends (58) of which are received in a collecting plate (10) provided with holes (26) possibly bordered by collars (32). According to the invention, each hole (26) of the collector plate (10) receives the respective ends (58) of several adjacent tubes (54) belonging to different rows of the bundle. The pitch (P) between two tubes belonging to two adjacent rows can thus be brought to a minimum value to optimize the performance of the heat exchanger, for a minimum width of the collector plate. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur du type comprenant un faisceau de tubes parallèles disposés en rangées et présentant des extrémités respectives reçues dans une plaque collectrice munie de trous, lesquels sont entourés éventuellement par des collets.The invention relates to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of parallel tubes arranged in rows and having respective ends received in a collecting plate provided with holes, which are optionally surrounded by collars.

De tels échangeurs de chaleur sont utilisés notamment dans les véhicules automobiles à moteur à combustion interne pour assurer soit le refroidissement du moteur, soit le chauffage de l'habitacle. Les tubes du faisceau sont alors parcourus par un fluide servant au refroidissement du moteur, tandis que de l'air circule entre les tubes du faisceau.Such heat exchangers are used in particular in motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine to provide either cooling of the engine or heating of the passenger compartment. The bundle tubes are then traversed by a fluid used for cooling the engine, while air circulates between the bundle tubes.

Dans certains cas, les tubes du faisceau possèdent une section non circulaire, en particulier une section aplatie de type ovale, elliptique ou oblongue, de manière à réduire la perte de charge subie par le flux d'air traversant l'échangeur de chaleur et à optimiser les performances thermiques de ce dernier.In some cases, the bundle tubes have a non-circular section, in particular a flattened section of oval, elliptical or oblong type, so as to reduce the pressure drop undergone by the air flow passing through the heat exchanger and at optimize the thermal performance of the latter.

Dans les échangeurs de chaleur connus de ce type, il est prévu autant de trous dans la plaque collectrice que de tubes dans le faisceau, pour que chaque extrémité de tube soit reçue individuellement dans un trou de la plaque collectrice et soit reliée à étanchéité à la plaque collectrice, et en particulier au collet, s'il est présent, qui entoure le trou.In known heat exchangers of this type, there are provided as many holes in the collector plate as there are tubes in the bundle, so that each end of the tube is individually received in a hole in the collector plate and is tightly connected to the collector plate, and in particular the collar, if present, which surrounds the hole.

La plaque collectrice, encore appelée "plaque à trous", est généralement réalisée sous la forme d'une plaque métallique dans laquelle sont aménagés les trous et les collets correspondants. L'étanchéité entre chaque extrémité de tube et le collet correspondant est alors obtenue soit par interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité compressible, soit par brasage direct, le tube étant alors muni d'un plaquage métallique facilement fusible.The collector plate, also called a "hole plate", is generally produced in the form of a metal plate in which the holes and the corresponding collars are arranged. The seal between each end of the tube and the corresponding collar is then obtained either by interposing a compressible seal, or by direct brazing, the tube then being provided with an easily fusible metal plating.

Comme ces échangeurs de chaleur sont formés de plusieurs rangées de tubes, la plaque collectrice doit comprendre aussi plusieurs rangées de trous qui sont séparés entre eux par un entr'axe donné au sein d'une même rangée et par un autre entr'axe donné d'une rangée à l'autre. Il existe ainsi entre deux trous consécutifs de la plaque collectrice une épaisseur de matière qui, pour des raisons de résistance mécanique de la plaque collectrice, ne peut descendre au-dessous d'une valeur minimale, cette valeur minimale étant essentiellement indispensable pour la réalisation de collets dans le cas où la plaque collectrice en comporte.As these heat exchangers are formed from several rows of tubes, the collector plate must also include several rows of holes which are separated from each other by a given center distance within the same row and by another given center distance d 'one row to another. There is thus between two consecutive holes in the collector plate a thickness of material which, for reasons of mechanical strength of the collector plate, cannot fall below a minimum value, this minimum value being essentially essential for the realization of collars if the collector plate has them.

Il en résulte qu'il n'est pas possible d'optimiser les dimensions des tubes et des entr'axes et par conséquent les performances thermiques de l'échangeur de chaleur, et cela pour des dimensions données de la plaque collectrice.As a result, it is not possible to optimize the dimensions of the tubes and the spacings and therefore the thermal performance of the heat exchanger, and this for given dimensions of the collector plate.

L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter ces inconvénients.The object of the invention is in particular to overcome these drawbacks.

Elle propose en conséquence un échangeur de chaleur du type comprenant un faisceau de tubes parallèles disposés en rangées, et dont les extrémités sont reçues dans une plaque collectrice munie de trous, éventuellement entourés par des collets.It therefore proposes a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of parallel tubes arranged in rows, and the ends of which are received in a collecting plate provided with holes, possibly surrounded by collars.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, chaque trou du collecteur reçoit les extrémités respectives de plusieurs tubes adjacents et en ce que un joint d'étanchéité compressible est interposé entre chaque trou et les extrémités de tubes reçues dans ce trou.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, each hole of the manifold receives the respective ends of several adjacent tubes and in that a compressible seal is interposed between each hole and the ends of tubes received in this hole.

Dans ces conditions, l'entr'axe ou pas des tubes peut être amené à une valeur minimale. On peut ainsi optimiser les performances de l'échangeur de chaleur et cela pour des dimensions minimales de la plaque collectrice.Under these conditions, the center distance or not of the tubes can be brought to a minimum value. It is thus possible to optimize the performance of the heat exchanger and this for minimum dimensions of the collector plate.

Comme chaque trou de la plaque collectrice reçoit les extrémités respectives de plusieurs tubes et qu'il peut en outre être entouré par un collet, la plaque collectrice se trouve ainsi rigidifiée, d'où il résulte une meilleure tenue à la pression.As each hole of the collector plate receives the respective ends of several tubes and since it can also be surrounded by a collar, the collector plate is thus stiffened, which results in better resistance to pressure.

Avantageusement, ce joint d'étanchéité comprend une âme propre à s'appliquer sur la plaque collectrice et munie de collets compressibles en correspondance des trous du collecteur.Advantageously, this seal comprises a core suitable for being applied to the collector plate and provided with compressible collars corresponding to the holes in the collector.

Chaque collet compressible est propre à être interposé entre un trou de la plaque collectrice et les extrémités de tubes reçues dans ce trou, ce collet compressible ménageant des ponts de matière entre deux extrémités de tubes adjacentes reçues dans le même trou.Each compressible collar is suitable for being interposed between a hole in the collector plate and the ends of the tubes received in this hole, this compressible collar providing bridges of material between two ends of adjacent tubes received in the same hole.

Dans ces conditions, chacun des collets compressibles du joint d'étanchéité assure l'étanchéité entre, d'une part, le trou de la plaque collectrice et, d'autre part, les extrémités de tubes reçues dans ce trou.Under these conditions, each of the compressible collars of the seal provides sealing between, on the one hand, the hole of the collector plate and, on the other hand, the ends of tubes received in this hole.

Ainsi, dans le cas où le faisceau de l'échangeur de chaleur comprend deux rangées de tubes, chaque collet compressible comprend un seul pont de matière. Dans le cas où il s'agit d'un faisceau avec trois rangées de tubes, le collet compressible comprend deux ponts de matière.Thus, in the case where the bundle of the heat exchanger comprises two rows of tubes, each compressible collar comprises a single bridge of material. In the case where it is a bundle with three rows of tubes, the compressible collar comprises two bridges of material.

L'invention s'applique en particulier à une plaque collectrice dont les trous sont munis de collets.The invention applies in particular to a collector plate whose holes are provided with collars.

Avantageusement, chaque pont de matière du collet compressible est renforcé par un talon qui a pour but de limiter l'entraînement de la matière élastique constitutive du joint lors de l'introduction des extrémités des tubes du faisceau.Advantageously, each bridge of material of the compressible collar is reinforced by a heel which aims to limit the entrainment of the elastic material constituting the seal during the introduction of the ends of the tubes of the bundle.

Pour limiter cet entraînement de matière, l'invention prévoit en outre de disposer une barrette en forme de peigne noyée dans l'épaisseur du joint pour renforcer les ponts de matière adjacents.To limit this entrainment of material, the invention further provides for having a comb-shaped bar embedded in the thickness of the joint to reinforce the adjacent material bridges.

Dans la description qui,suit, donnée seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle de dessus d'une plaque collectrice selon la première forme de réalisation précitée;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle de dessus d'un joint d'étanchéité destiné à équiper la plaque collectrice des figures 1 et 2;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 est une coupe transversale partielle d'un échangeur de chaleur comprenant un faisceau de tubes assemblés sur la plaque collectrice des figures 1 et 2 au moyen du joint d'étanchéité des figures 3 et 4;
  • la figure 6 est une vue partielle de dessus d'une plaque collectrice munie d'un joint d'étanchéité et recevant les extémités des tubes d'un faisceau, selon une variante de réalisation;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VII-VII de la figure 6;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VIII-VIII de la figure 6.
In the description which follows, given only by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial top view of a header plate according to the first embodiment mentioned above;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial top view of a seal intended to equip the header plate of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross section of a heat exchanger comprising a bundle of tubes assembled on the header plate of Figures 1 and 2 by means of the seal of Figures 3 and 4;
  • Figure 6 is a partial top view of a manifold plate provided with a seal and receiving the ends of the tubes of a bundle, according to an alternative embodiment;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view along line VII-VII of Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6.

On se réfère d'abord aux figures 1 et 2 qui représentent une plaque collectrice 10, encore appelée plaque à trous, de forme générale rectangulaire. La plaque 10 possède une âme 12 de forme générale rectangulaire, formée de préférence en un matériau métallique, et limitée par deux bords parallèles 14 correspondant aux deux grands côtés du rectangle et deux autres bords parallèles (non montrés sur les dessins), correspondant aux petits côtés du rectangle.Reference is first made to FIGS. 1 and 2 which represent a collecting plate 10, also called a plate with holes, of generally rectangular shape. The plate 10 has a core 12 of generally rectangular shape, preferably formed of a metallic material, and limited by two parallel edges 14 corresponding to the two long sides of the rectangle and two other parallel edges (not shown in the drawings), corresponding to the small sides of the rectangle.

Comme montré à la figure 2, chacun des bords 14 comprend d'abord une partie 16 raccordée à angle droit avec l'âme 12, une partie 18 raccordée à angle droit avec la partie 16 et enfin une partie 20 raccordée à angle droit à la partie 18. Les parties 16 et 18 de chaque bord 14 définissent ainsi une gorge 22 s'étendant sur toute la périphérie de la plaque 10 et dont la foncmtion sera expliquée plus loin. Chacune des parties 20 est crénelée sur son bord libre pour définir une série de pattes 24 propres à être rabattues pur assurer l'assemblage de la plaque collectrice avec une paroi de boîte à eau (non représentée).As shown in FIG. 2, each of the edges 14 comprises firstly a part 16 connected at right angles to the core 12, a part 18 connected at right angles to the part 16 and finally a part 20 connected at right angles to the part 18. The parts 16 and 18 of each edge 14 thus define a groove 22 extending over the entire periphery of the plate 10 and the function of which will be explained below. Each of the parts 20 is crenellated on its free edge to define a series of lugs 24 capable of being folded down to ensure the assembly of the collector plate with a wall of water box (not shown).

Au travers de l'âme 12 de la plaque collectrice 10 sont formés des trous oblongs 26, identiques entre eux, dont trois sont visibles sur la figure 1. Chacun des trous 26 possède, dans le sens de sa longueur, un axe de symétrie XX′ qui s'étend perpendiculairement aux bords 14 de la plaque collectrice 10. Chacun des trous 26 est formé par la réunion de deux sections ovales identiques 28 qui s'intersectent au niveau d'un étranglement 30. Dans l'exemple, les deux sections 28 sont elliptiques, leurs grands axes respectifs étant alignés dans la direction de l'axe XX′. Les centres respectifs des deux sections elliptiques 28 définissent entre eux un entr'axe pas P. Par ailleurs, la distance entre deux trous adjacents 26 définit un entr'axe E dont la direction est perpendiculaire à celle du pas P. Chacun des trous 26 est entouré par un collet 32 dont le contour correspond à celui des deux sections 28 y compris leur étranglement 30. Chacun des collets 32 est en saillie par rapport à l'âme 12, du côté opposé aux pattes 24.Through the core 12 of the collector plate 10 are formed oblong holes 26, identical to each other, three of which are visible in Figure 1. Each of the holes 26 has, in the direction of its length, an axis of symmetry XX ′ Which extends perpendicular to the edges 14 of the collector plate 10. Each of the holes 26 is formed by the union of two identical oval sections 28 which intersect at a throttle 30. In the example, the two sections 28 are elliptical, their respective major axes being aligned in the direction of the axis XX ′. The respective centers of the two elliptical sections 28 define between them an axis spacing P. In addition, the distance between two adjacent holes 26 defines an axis E whose direction is perpendicular to that of the pitch P. Each of the holes 26 is surrounded by a collar 32 whose contour corresponds to that of the two sections 28 including their throttle 30. Each of the collars 32 projects relative to the core 12, on the side opposite to the tabs 24.

On comprendra que chaque trou 26 est destiné à recevoir les extrémités respectives de deux tubes appartenant à deux rangées adjacentes d'un faisceau formé de deux rangées de tubes. Au sein d'une même rangée, les tubes sont séparés deux à deux par un entr'axe E.It will be understood that each hole 26 is intended to receive the respective ends of two tubes belonging to two adjacent rows of a bundle formed of two rows of tubes. Within a single row, the tubes are separated two by two by an E-axis.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 3 et 4 qui montrent un joint d'étanchéité 34 destiné à être appliqué sur la plaque collectrice 10. Le joint 34, réalisé en une matière élastomère compressible, comprend une âme 36 de forme générale rectangulaire correspondant à celle de l'âme 12 de la plaque collectice 10. L'âme 36 est limitée par deux bourrelets longitudinaux 38 correspondant aux deux grands côtés du rectangle et deux bourrelets latéraux (non représentés) correspondant aux petits côtés du rectangle. Les bourrelets 38 se rattachent à l'âme 36 par un voile de matière 40. On obtient ainsi un bourrelet s'étendant sur toute la périphérie du joint et propre à être introduit dans la gorge de la plaque collectrice.Referring now to Figures 3 and 4 which show a seal 34 intended to be applied to the collector plate 10. The seal 34, made of a compressible elastomeric material, comprises a core 36 of generally rectangular shape corresponding to that of the core 12 of the collecting plate 10. The core 36 is limited by two longitudinal beads 38 corresponding to the two long sides of the rectangle and two lateral beads (not shown) corresponding to the short sides of the rectangle. The beads 38 are attached to the core 36 by a veil of material 40. This gives a bead extending over the entire periphery of the seal and suitable for being introduced into the groove of the collector plate.

L'âme 36 est munie de collets compressibles 42 dont chacun a une forme adaptée à celle d'un trou 26 pour pouvoir être introduit dans ce dernier lorsque l'âme 36 du joint 34 est appliquée contre l'âme 12 de la plaque collectrice 10.The core 36 is provided with compressible collars 42 each of which has a shape adapted to that of a hole 26 so as to be able to be introduced into the latter when the core 36 of the seal 34 is applied against the core 12 of the collector plate 10 .

Chaque collet 42 affecte ainsi la forme générale d'un 8 formé de deux parties ovales 44 réunies entre elles par un pont de matière 46. Ainsi, lorsqu'un collet compressible 42 du joint 34 est introduit dans un collet 32 d'une plaque collectrice 10, les deux parties 44 du collet 42 s'engagent respectivement dans les deux sections 28 du trou 26, le pont de matière 46 venant se placer dans l'étranglement 30. L'âme 36 forme, à l'intérieur de chaque collet compressible 42, deux orifices 48 propres à recevoir chacun, comme on le verra plus loin, une extrémité d'un tube du faisceau.Each collar 42 thus affects the general shape of an 8 formed by two oval parts 44 joined together by a bridge of material 46. Thus, when a compressible collar 42 of the seal 34 is introduced into a collar 32 of a collector plate 10, the two parts 44 of the collar 42 engage respectively in the two sections 28 of the hole 26, the material bridge 46 coming to be placed in the constriction 30. The core 36 forms, inside each compressible collar 42, two orifices 48 suitable for receiving each, as will be seen below, one end of a tube of the bundle.

Comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 4, chaque pont de matière 46 est renforcé par un talon 50 destiné à limiter l'entraînement de la matière du joint lors du montage du faisceau de tubes.As shown more particularly in Figure 4, each material bridge 46 is reinforced by a heel 50 intended to limit the entrainment of the material of the seal during assembly of the tube bundle.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 5 qui montre un faisceau 52 formé de deux rangées de tubes 54 de section non circulaire qui traversent une multiplicité d'ailettes parallèles 56. Les tubes 54 sont séparés deux à deux avec un entr'axe E au sein d'une même rangée et avec un pas P d'une rangée à l'autre. Les tubes 54 possèdent des extrémités respectives 58 de forme non circulaire écartées l'une de l'autre avec le même entr'axe et le même pas que les tubes.We now refer to FIG. 5 which shows a bundle 52 formed of two rows of tubes 54 of non-circular section which cross a multiplicity of parallel fins 56. The tubes 54 are separated two by two with a center distance E within the same row and with a pitch P from one row to another. The tubes 54 have respective ends 58 of non-circular shape spaced from one another with the same center distance and the same pitch as the tubes.

La forme des trous 26 de la plaque collectrice 10 et la forme des bourrelets compressibles 42 et des orifices 48 du joint 34 sont adaptées à celle des extrémités 58 des tubes 54.The shape of the holes 26 of the collector plate 10 and the shape of the compressible beads 42 and the orifices 48 of the seal 34 are adapted to that of the ends 58 of the tubes 54.

Pour réaliser l'assemblage du faisceau 52 sur la plaque collectrice 10, on dispose tout d'abord le joint d'étanchéité 34 sur la plaque collectrice 10 et on introduit ensuite les extrémités 58 des tubes du faisceau dans les perforations 48 du joint 34.To assemble the bundle 52 on the collecting plate 10, the gasket 34 is first placed on the collecting plate 10 and the ends 58 of the bundle tubes are then introduced into the perforations 48 of the joint 34.

Les extrémités 58 peuvent être introduites dans les trous 48 et être ensuite évasées pour assurer la compression du joint, d'une manière connue en soi.The ends 58 can be introduced into the holes 48 and then be flared to ensure the compression of the seal, in a manner known per se.

En variante, il est possible de comprimer au préalable chacun des bourrelets 42 à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'introduire ensuite les extrémités 58, et cela également d'une manière en soi connue.As a variant, it is possible to compress each of the beads 42 beforehand using a punch and then to introduce the ends 58, and this also in a manner known per se.

Après introduction des extrémités 58 ces dernières peuvent être évasées sur toute leur périphérie ou sur une partie de leur périphérie de manière à empêcher une désolidarisation intempestive de la plaque collectrice et du faisceau.After introduction of the ends 58, the latter can be flared over their entire periphery or over part of their periphery so as to prevent inadvertent separation of the collector plate and the bundle.

Etant donné que chaque pont de matière 46 du joint 34 possède un talon 50, on limite l'entraînement de la matière du joint lors du passage des poinçons de précontrainte ou lors de l'introduction des extrémités 58 des tubes.Since each material bridge 46 of the seal 34 has a heel 50, the entrainment of the seal material is limited during the passage of the prestressing punches or during the introduction of the ends 58 of the tubes.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 6 à 8, à laquelle on se réfère maintenant, le joint d'étanchéité 34 comporte une barrette 60, en forme de peigne, qui est noyée dans l'épaisseur du joint pour renforcer les ponts de matière 46 de chacun des bourrelets compressibles 42. La barrette 60 comprend une âme 62, destinée à s'étendre sur la longueur du joint 34 en traversant chacun des ponts de matière 46, et munie d'une multiplicité de dents 64 dont la distance mutuelle correspond à l'entr'axe E.In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 8, to which reference is now made, the seal 34 comprises a bar 60, in the form of a comb, which is embedded in the thickness of the seal to reinforce the bridges of material 46 from each of the compressible beads 42. The bar 60 comprises a core 62, intended to extend over the length of the joint 34 by crossing each of the bridges of material 46, and provided with a multiplicity of teeth 64 whose distance mutual corresponds to the center distance E.

On comprendre que la présence de la barrette 60, qui est avantageusement une barrette métallique surmoulée, s'oppose à l'entraînement de la matière du joint lors du montage du faisceau de tubes.It is understood that the presence of the bar 60, which is advantageously a molded metal bar, opposes the entrainment of the material of the seal during assembly of the bundle of tubes.

Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 5, de même que dans le mode de réalisation des figures 6 à 8, après assemblage du faisceau sur la plaque collectrice 10, celle-ci reçoit une paroi à face ouverte pour former une boîte à eau, cette paroi étant reliée à étanchéité par rabattement des pattes 24.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 8, after assembly of the beam on the collecting plate 10, the latter receives a wall with an open face to form a water box , this wall being connected to sealing by folding down the tabs 24.

Dans les différentes formes de réalisation précitées, l'autre extrémité du faisceau est avantageusement munie d'une plaque collectrice analogue.In the various embodiments mentioned above, the other end of the bundle is advantageously provided with a similar collecting plate.

Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en référence à des tubes de section circulaire, il doit être entendu qu'elle s'applique aussi à des tubes de section circulaire à condition de prévoir des trous de forme appropriée dans la plaque collectrice.Although the invention has been described with reference to tubes of circular section, it should be understood that it also applies to tubes of circular section provided that appropriate holes are provided in the collector plate.

On comprendra que, grâce à l'invention, il est possible de réaliser un échangeur de chaleur avec un pas minimal entre deux tubes de deux rangées adjacentes. Il en résulte des performances optimales pour une largeur minimale de la plaque collectrice tout en améliorant la tenue en pression des tubes.It will be understood that, thanks to the invention, it is possible to produce a heat exchanger with a minimum pitch between two tubes of two adjacent rows. This results in optimal performance for a minimum width of the collector plate while improving the pressure resistance of the tubes.

Claims (7)

1.- Echangeur de chaleur du type comprenant un faisceau de tubes disposés en rangées, et dont les extrémités respectives sont reçues dans une plaque collectrice munie de trous, caractérisé en ce que chaque trou (26) de la plaque collectrice (10) reçoit les extrémités respectives (58) de plusieurs tubes adjacents (54) et en ce que un joint d'étanchéité compressible (34) est interposé entre chaque trou (26) et les extrémités (58) des tubes reçues dans ce trou. 1.- Heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of tubes arranged in rows, and the respective ends of which are received in a collecting plate provided with holes, characterized in that each hole (26) of the collecting plate (10) receives the respective ends (58) of several adjacent tubes (54) and in that a compressible seal (34) is interposed between each hole (26) and the ends (58) of the tubes received in this hole. 2.- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le joint d'étanchéité (34) comprend une âme (36) propre à être appliquée sur la plaque collectrice (10) et munie de collets compressibles (42) en correspondance des trous (26) de la plaque collectice (10). 2.- heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal (34) comprises a core (36) suitable for being applied to the collector plate (10) and provided with compressible collars (42) in correspondence holes (26) in the collecting plate (10). 3.- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque collet compressible (42) est propre à être interposé entre un trou (26) et les extrémités (58) des tubes (54) reçues dans ce trou, et en ce que ce collet compressible (42) ménage un pont de matière (46) entre les extrémités respectives (58) de deux tubes adjacents (54) reçues dans ce trou. 3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each compressible collar (42) is suitable for being interposed between a hole (26) and the ends (58) of the tubes (54) received in this hole, and in that this compressible collar (42) provides a bridge of material (46) between the respective ends (58) of two adjacent tubes (54) received in this hole. 4.- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque pont de matière (46) est renforcé par un talon (50). 4.- Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that each material bridge (46) is reinforced by a heel (50). 5.- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une barrette (60) en forme de peigne, noyée dans l'épaisseur du joint (34) pour renforcer les ponts de matière adjacents (46). 5.- Heat exchanger according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that it comprises a strip (60) in the form of a comb, embedded in the thickness of the joint (34) to reinforce the bridges of adjacent material. (46). 6.- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités (58) des tubes (54) appartiennent à des rangées différentes du faisceau. 6.- Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends (58) of the tubes (54) belong to different rows of the bundle. 7.- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque trou (26) est muni d'un collet (32). 7.- Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each hole (26) is provided with a collar (32).
EP92400665A 1991-03-20 1992-03-13 Heat exchanger with several rows of tubes, more particularly for motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0505242B1 (en)

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FR9103411 1991-03-20
FR9103411A FR2674321B1 (en) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH MULTIPLE ROWS OF TUBES, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE.

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EP0505242A1 true EP0505242A1 (en) 1992-09-23
EP0505242B1 EP0505242B1 (en) 1993-12-01

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EP (2) EP0505242B1 (en)
JP (2) JPH0712489A (en)
BR (2) BR9200964A (en)
DE (2) DE69200027T2 (en)
ES (2) ES2049118T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2674321B1 (en)
MX (2) MX9201231A (en)

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Also Published As

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US5174372A (en) 1992-12-29
FR2674321B1 (en) 1993-06-04
DE69200026D1 (en) 1994-01-13
DE69200027T2 (en) 1994-03-31
BR9200964A (en) 1992-11-17
JP3388354B2 (en) 2003-03-17
EP0505242B1 (en) 1993-12-01
JPH05118787A (en) 1993-05-14
JPH0712489A (en) 1995-01-17
EP0505243A1 (en) 1992-09-23
MX9201231A (en) 1992-10-01
ES2049118T3 (en) 1994-04-01
MX9201229A (en) 1992-10-01
FR2674321A1 (en) 1992-09-25
US5314021A (en) 1994-05-24
DE69200026T2 (en) 1994-03-31
DE69200027D1 (en) 1994-01-13
EP0505243B1 (en) 1993-12-01
ES2049119T3 (en) 1994-04-01
BR9200965A (en) 1992-11-17

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