EP1034410B1 - Heat exchanger with reduced space requirement, in particular for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with reduced space requirement, in particular for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1034410B1
EP1034410B1 EP99946234A EP99946234A EP1034410B1 EP 1034410 B1 EP1034410 B1 EP 1034410B1 EP 99946234 A EP99946234 A EP 99946234A EP 99946234 A EP99946234 A EP 99946234A EP 1034410 B1 EP1034410 B1 EP 1034410B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
heat exchanger
tubes
header
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99946234A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1034410A1 (en
Inventor
Abdel-Jalil Sahnoun
Christian Mahe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Publication of EP1034410A1 publication Critical patent/EP1034410A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/08—Reinforcing means for header boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/32—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for limiting movements, e.g. stops, locking means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/122—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by crimping, caulking or clinching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles.
  • a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of tubes and fins, of which the ends of the tubes are introduced into the holes a collecting plate, as well as a collecting box having an open face delimited by a peripheral rim, and in which the collector plate is provided with own crimping means to bear against the peripheral edge of the manifold ensuring the compression of a seal.
  • a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of tubes and fins, of which the ends of the tubes are introduced into the holes a collecting plate, as well as a collecting box having an open face delimited by a peripheral rim, and in which the collector plate is provided with own crimping means to bear against the peripheral edge of the manifold ensuring the compression of a seal.
  • Such an exchanger is known, for example, from document EP-A-0 372 187.
  • Such exchangers can be used in motor vehicles, in particular for provide engine cooling or heating the cockpit.
  • the plate collector is usually fitted with collars through which the ends of the bundle tubes.
  • heat exchangers of the mechanical assembly type There are two main types of heat exchangers: heat exchangers of the mechanical assembly type, and brazed type heat exchangers.
  • the ends of the tubes are received in the collars of the collector plate with insertion of corresponding collars forming part of the seal.
  • the seals of the seal are compressed by flaring tubes.
  • the ends of the tubes are received directly into the collars of the collector plate and are soldered to it.
  • the seal between the manifold plate and the manifold is ensured by the circumference of the seal, which is received in a peripheral groove of the plate collector which forms a sort of gutter.
  • This throat receives both the perimeter of the seal and the edge of the manifold, against which come support the crimping means of the collector plate.
  • These crimping means can be produced for example in the form of legs folded against the edge of the manifold.
  • this peripheral groove has so far been mandatory to allow both to house the perimeter of the gasket as well as the rim of the manifold and to provide a maintenance of this rim during the crimping operation. Indeed, without the presence of this groove, the peripheral rim of the manifold would tend to move inward under the effect significant pressures that are exerted during the operation crimping.
  • this groove which generally surrounds a bottom flat of the collector plate, increases the size, especially the overall width of the heat exchanger heat. Indeed, the size of the collector plate itself is significantly higher than that of the beam, which is usually defined by the fins.
  • the invention provides a solution to this problem.
  • the collector plate is generally flat, and in which an insert plate is reported on the collector plate on the side of the box collector, this insertion plate being provided with openings for the passage of the ends of the tubes and being delimited by a peripheral rim forming a lateral stop for the edge of the manifold.
  • the header plate of the exchanger of the invention is flat and has no peripheral groove, which allows to limit its size compared to the plates known manifolds, provided with a peripheral groove.
  • the insertion plate which is attached to the plate collector, provides a lateral stop at the edge of the box collector, so that this edge is maintained laterally during the crimping operation.
  • this insert plate allows to embed the ends of the tubes which, previously, protruded inward from the bounded volume jointly by the manifold and the manifold. This results in a significant reduction in loss of load linked to the entry of a fluid, in particular of a coolant in the heat exchanger tubes heat.
  • this insertion plate allows reduce the internal volume delimited by the manifold and the collector plate and therefore the mass of the circulating fluid in the heat exchanger.
  • the peripheral edge of the manifold internally delimits a peripheral recess suitable for allowing embedding the peripheral edge of the insertion plate to keep it in position.
  • the openings of the insertion plate are provided opposite the ends of the tubes and they each have a flared edge towards the box collector to promote the entry of a fluid into the tubes.
  • the insertion plate is advantageously made of material plastic.
  • the seal seal is suitable for being housed between the collector plate, on the one hand, and the edge of the manifold as well than the insert plate, on the other hand.
  • the ends tubes are received in collars of the collector plate by compressing corresponding collars of the joint sealing, which allows an assembly of mechanical type.
  • the ends of the tubes form flares received in the openings of the insertion plate.
  • a protective plate which is placed between the manifold plate and beam fins to protect the seals of the seal.
  • the tube ends are received and brazed into collars of the header plate to provide an assembly of the type brazed.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a bundle 10 formed of a multiplicity of tubes 12 having a flattened oval section arranged in parallel them in a single row.
  • the tubes 12 pass through a multiplicity of fins 14 constituted by plates metallic rectangular and parallel to each other.
  • Each tube 12 has a free end 16 mechanically assembled to a collecting plate 18, also called "collector".
  • the 16 ends of the tubes Before assembling the tubes and the collector plate, the 16 ends of the tubes have exactly the same cross-section as the tubes, in the current part of these which receives the fins 14.
  • the plate 18 comprises a flat core 20 of general shape rectangular in which are formed holes 22, of oval section, suitable for receiving the ends 16 of the tubes 12. Each hole 22 is surrounded by a collar 24 directed from the side of the fins 14.
  • the core 20 of the collector plate 18 is folded over its periphery to form crimp tabs 26, resembling teeth or slots, which can be folded down, as we will see later.
  • the collector plate 18 receives, on its face opposite to the bundle, a compressible seal 28 which includes a core 30 adapted to be applied against the core 20 of the collector plate.
  • This soul 30 is flat and it has a periphery 32 which extends to the periphery inside of the collecting plate 18, as delimited by the crimping lugs 26.
  • the seal 28 is formed with a multiplicity of collars 34 provided in correspondence with the collars 24 of the manifold plate 18.
  • Each of these collars 34 is suitable for seal between the end 16 of a tube and the corresponding collar 24 of the collector plate. This sealing is ensured by expanding the end 16 of each tube to provide a flare 36 ( Figures 1 and 3) ensuring sealing.
  • Each of the collars 34 thus comprises a bead 38 which protrudes from the collar 24 on the side of the fins 14 of the beam.
  • the heat exchanger further includes a manifold 40, advantageously made of plastic, and having an open face of generally rectangular shape delimited by a peripheral rim 42.
  • This peripheral rim is able to come into abutment against the periphery 32 of the seal 28 and compress the seal during a crimping. This operation, carried out using a tool suitable, folds the legs 26 against one side annular 44 of flange 32.
  • the plate manifold 18 of the invention does not have a groove peripheral to receive the periphery 32 of the joint 28 and the peripheral edge 42 of the collector plate.
  • the heat exchanger comprises in addition an insertion plate 46 which is attached to the manifold plate 18, on the side of the manifold 40.
  • this insert plate 46 is applied against the seal 28, and more particularly against the core 30 of the joint.
  • This insert plate has a shape counterpart to that of the collector plate 18. It comprises openings 48 of substantially oval section to allow the passage of the ends 16 of the tubes and flares 36 correspondents.
  • the insertion plate 46 has a thickness e (FIG. 1) which is greater than the height of the ends 16 which make projection on the side of the manifold 40, which allows to embed the flared ends in the openings 48 above, which have a flared edge 50, turned to the manifold.
  • the insertion plate 46 is delimited by a peripheral edge 52 of generally rectangular shape which forms a stop lateral for the rim 42 of the manifold.
  • peripheral recess 44 of generally rectangular outline, suitable for allowing embedding of the peripheral edge 52 of the insertion plate.
  • this insert plate is maintained in position inside the volume 56 delimited in the manifold 40. Note that it is not necessary that the insertion plate 46 compresses the core 30 of the seal since this part of the joint does not directly contribute to sealing.
  • the insertion plate 46 is advantageously made of plastic material, preferably of the same type as that forming the manifold 40.
  • the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 further comprises a protective plate 58 ( Figures 1 and 2) which has a general U-shaped profile which has an edge 60 specific to bear externally against the core 20 of the plate manifold 18 and an opposite folded edge 62 suitable for taking support against the first fin 14 of the beam.
  • a protective plate 58 Figures 1 and 2 which has a general U-shaped profile which has an edge 60 specific to bear externally against the core 20 of the plate manifold 18 and an opposite folded edge 62 suitable for taking support against the first fin 14 of the beam.
  • This plate protects the beads 38 of the seal as well as the ends of the tubes in the bead region. It also makes it possible to ensure difference in value chosen between the first fin of the beam and the collector plate 18.
  • the manufacture of the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 is carried out in the usual manner for an exchanger of the type with mechanical assembly.
  • the collector plate 18 beforehand fitted with the seal receives the ends 16 of the tubes which are then flared to ensure compression of the collars 34.
  • the insertion plate 46 is placed on the plate collector 18 either before or after the flaring of the ends of the tubes.
  • the plate insert 46 provides a side stop for the flange 42 of the manifold, which prevents any deformation or any untimely movement of this edge 42, which could lead to a leak.
  • the invention makes it possible to produce a heat exchanger whose the dimensions of the collector plate 18, in particular its width L ( Figure 2) is less than that of the heat exchangers known heat in which the collector plate 18 is provided with a peripheral groove. This is because the collector plate 18 is flat and receives an insertion plate 46 as defined above.
  • this insertion plate allows limit the pressure losses of the fluid which penetrates through the ends 16 of the tubes.
  • the collector plate includes collars 64 directed on the side of the collector plate and suitable for inserting the ends 16 of the tubes. In this case, these ends are brazed directly to the collars 64 by means of a solder joint 66.
  • the heat exchanger has 68 corrugated spacers forming heat exchange fins.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention finds many applications, especially in the automotive field. he can then be used in particular as a radiator engine cooling or as a radiator for heating the passenger compartment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Description

L'invention se rapporte aux échangeurs de chaleur, notamment pour véhicules automobiles.The invention relates to heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement un échangeur de chaleur du type comprenant un faisceau de tubes et d'ailettes, dont les extrémités des tubes sont introduites dans les trous d'une plaque collectrice, ainsi qu'une boíte collectrice présentant une face ouverte délimitée par un rebord périphérique, et dans lequel la plaque collectrice est munie de moyens de sertissage propres à venir en appui contre le rebord périphérique de la boíte collectrice en assurant la compression d'un joint d'étanchéité. Un tel échangeur est connu, par exemple, du document EP-A-0 372 187. De tels échangeurs peuvent être utilisés dans les véhicules automobiles, notamment pour assurer le refroidissement du moteur ou le chauffage de l'habitacle.It relates more particularly to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle of tubes and fins, of which the ends of the tubes are introduced into the holes a collecting plate, as well as a collecting box having an open face delimited by a peripheral rim, and in which the collector plate is provided with own crimping means to bear against the peripheral edge of the manifold ensuring the compression of a seal. Such an exchanger is known, for example, from document EP-A-0 372 187. Such exchangers can be used in motor vehicles, in particular for provide engine cooling or heating the cockpit.

Dans les échangeurs de chaleur connus de ce type, la plaque collectrice est habituellement munie de collets traversés par les extrémités des tubes du faisceau.In known heat exchangers of this type, the plate collector is usually fitted with collars through which the ends of the bundle tubes.

On distingue deux types principaux d'échangeurs de chaleur : les échangeurs du type à assemblage mécanique, et les échangeurs du type brasé.There are two main types of heat exchangers: heat exchangers of the mechanical assembly type, and brazed type heat exchangers.

Dans le premier cas, les extrémités des tubes sont reçues dans les collets de la plaque collectrice avec insertion de collets correspondants faisant partie du joint d'étanchéité. Les collets du joint d'étanchéité sont comprimés par évasement des tubes.In the first case, the ends of the tubes are received in the collars of the collector plate with insertion of corresponding collars forming part of the seal. The seals of the seal are compressed by flaring tubes.

Dans le second cas, les extrémités des tubes sont reçues directement dans les collets de la plaque collectrice et sont brasées à celle-ci. In the second case, the ends of the tubes are received directly into the collars of the collector plate and are soldered to it.

L'étanchéité entre la plaque collectrice et la boite collectrice est assurée par le pourtour du joint d'étanchéité, lequel est reçu dans une gorge périphérique de la plaque collectrice qui forme une sorte de gouttière. Cette gorge reçoit à la fois le pourtour du joint d'étanchéité et le rebord de la boíte collectrice, contre lequel viennent appuyer les moyens de sertissage de la plaque collectrice. Ces moyens de sertissage peuvent être réalisés par exemple sous la forme de pattes rabattues contre le rebord de la boite collectrice.The seal between the manifold plate and the manifold is ensured by the circumference of the seal, which is received in a peripheral groove of the plate collector which forms a sort of gutter. This throat receives both the perimeter of the seal and the edge of the manifold, against which come support the crimping means of the collector plate. These crimping means can be produced for example in the form of legs folded against the edge of the manifold.

La présence de cette gorge périphérique a jusqu'à présent été obligatoire pour permettre à la fois de loger le pourtour du joint d'étanchéité ainsi que le rebord de la boíte collectrice et de procurer un maintien de ce rebord lors de l'opération de sertissage. En effet, sans la présence de cette gorge, le rebord périphérique de la boíte collectrice aurait tendance à se déplacer vers l'intérieur sous l'effet des pressions importantes qui sont exercées lors de l'opération de sertissage.The presence of this peripheral groove has so far been mandatory to allow both to house the perimeter of the gasket as well as the rim of the manifold and to provide a maintenance of this rim during the crimping operation. Indeed, without the presence of this groove, the peripheral rim of the manifold would tend to move inward under the effect significant pressures that are exerted during the operation crimping.

Or, la présence de cette gorge, qui entoure un fond généralement plat de la plaque collectrice, augmente l'encombrement, spécialement l'encombrement en largeur, de l'échangeur de chaleur. En effet, l'encombrement de la plaque collectrice proprement dite est nettement supérieur à celui du faisceau, lequel est défini habituellement par les ailettes.Now, the presence of this groove, which generally surrounds a bottom flat of the collector plate, increases the size, especially the overall width of the heat exchanger heat. Indeed, the size of the collector plate itself is significantly higher than that of the beam, which is usually defined by the fins.

Or, dans les véhicules actuels, la place dévolue aux équipements est de plus en plus limitée et il s'avère nécessaire de pouvoir diminuer l'encombrement des échangeurs de chaleur, tout en conservant des performances thermiques comparables.However, in current vehicles, the space allocated to equipment is becoming increasingly limited and there is a need to ability to reduce the size of heat exchangers, while maintaining comparable thermal performance.

L'invention vient apporter une solution à ce problème.The invention provides a solution to this problem.

Elle propose à cet effet un échangeur de chaleur du type défini en introduction, dans lequel la plaque collectrice est généralement plane, et dans lequel une plaque d'insertion est rapportée sur la plaque collectrice du côté de la boíte collectrice, cette plaque d'insertion étant pourvue d'ouvertures pour le passage des extrémités des tubes et étant délimitée par un rebord périphérique formant butée latérale pour le rebord de la boíte collectrice.To this end, it offers a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction, in which the collector plate is generally flat, and in which an insert plate is reported on the collector plate on the side of the box collector, this insertion plate being provided with openings for the passage of the ends of the tubes and being delimited by a peripheral rim forming a lateral stop for the edge of the manifold.

Ainsi, la plaque collectrice de l'échangeur de l'invention est plane et est dépourvue de gorge périphérique, ce qui permet de limiter son encombrement par rapport aux plaques collectrices connues, munies d'une gorge périphérique.Thus, the header plate of the exchanger of the invention is flat and has no peripheral groove, which allows to limit its size compared to the plates known manifolds, provided with a peripheral groove.

La plaque d'insertion, qui est rapportée sur la plaque collectrice, fournit une butée latérale au rebord de la boíte collectrice, de telle sorte que ce rebord est maintenu latéralement lors de l'opération de sertissage.The insertion plate, which is attached to the plate collector, provides a lateral stop at the edge of the box collector, so that this edge is maintained laterally during the crimping operation.

Un autre avantage de cette plaque d'insertion est qu'elle permet d'encastrer les extrémités des tubes qui, auparavant, faisaient saillie vers l'intérieur du volume délimité conjointement par la plaque collectrice et la boíte collectrice. Il en résulte une réduction significative de la perte de charge liée à l'entrée d'un fluide, en particulier d'un fluide de refroidissement, dans les tubes de l'échangeur de chaleur.Another advantage of this insert plate is that it allows to embed the ends of the tubes which, previously, protruded inward from the bounded volume jointly by the manifold and the manifold. This results in a significant reduction in loss of load linked to the entry of a fluid, in particular of a coolant in the heat exchanger tubes heat.

En outre, la présence de cette plaque d'insertion permet de réduire le volume interne délimité par la boíte collectrice et la plaque collectrice et donc la masse du fluide circulant dans l'échangeur de chaleur.In addition, the presence of this insertion plate allows reduce the internal volume delimited by the manifold and the collector plate and therefore the mass of the circulating fluid in the heat exchanger.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le rebord périphérique de la boíte collectrice délimite intérieurement un évidement périphérique propre à permettre l'encastrement du bord périphérique de la plaque d'insertion pour assurer son maintien en position.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the peripheral edge of the manifold internally delimits a peripheral recess suitable for allowing embedding the peripheral edge of the insertion plate to keep it in position.

De façon préférentielle, les ouvertures de la plaque d'insertion sont prévues en regard des extrémités des tubes et elles présentent chacune un bord évasé en direction de la boíte collectrice pour favoriser l'entrée d'un fluide dans les tubes.Preferably, the openings of the insertion plate are provided opposite the ends of the tubes and they each have a flared edge towards the box collector to promote the entry of a fluid into the tubes.

La plaque d'insertion est avantageusement réalisée en matière plastique.The insertion plate is advantageously made of material plastic.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le joint d'étanchéité est propre à être logé entre la plaque collectrice, d'une part, et le rebord de la boíte collectrice ainsi que la plaque d'insertion, d'autre part.According to another characteristic of the invention, the seal seal is suitable for being housed between the collector plate, on the one hand, and the edge of the manifold as well than the insert plate, on the other hand.

Dans une forme de réalisation de l'invention, les extrémités des tubes sont reçues dans des collets de la plaque collectrice en comprimant des collets correspondants du joint d'étanchéité, ce qui permet de procéder à un assemblage de type mécanique.In one embodiment of the invention, the ends tubes are received in collars of the collector plate by compressing corresponding collars of the joint sealing, which allows an assembly of mechanical type.

En ce cas, les extrémités des tubes forment des évasements reçus dans les ouvertures de la plaque d'insertion.In this case, the ends of the tubes form flares received in the openings of the insertion plate.

Dans un échangeur de chaleur de ce type, on prévoit avantageusement une plaque de protection qui est placée entre la plaque collectrice et les ailettes du faisceau pour protéger les collets du joint d'étanchéité.In a heat exchanger of this type, provision is advantageously made a protective plate which is placed between the manifold plate and beam fins to protect the seals of the seal.

En effet, sans la présence de ce moyen de protection, les parties des collets du joint d'étanchéité qui font saillie du côté du faisceau pourraient être endommagées par des agents extérieurs.Indeed, without the presence of this means of protection, parts of the seal collars which project from the side of the beam could be damaged by agents exteriors.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, les extrémités des tubes sont reçues et brasées dans des collets de la plaque collectrice pour procurer un assemblage de type brasé.In another embodiment of the invention, the tube ends are received and brazed into collars of the header plate to provide an assembly of the type brazed.

Dans la description qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple, on se réfère au dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle d'un échangeur de chaleur de type à assemblage mécanique selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe partielle selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1 ; et
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe partielle analogue à la figure 1 dans le cas d'un échangeur de chaleur de type brasé, réalisé selon l'invention.
In the description which follows, given by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger of the mechanical assembly type according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial sectional view along line III-III of Figure 1; and
  • Figure 4 is a partial sectional view similar to Figure 1 in the case of a brazed type heat exchanger, produced according to the invention.

L'échangeur de chaleur représenté aux figures 1 à 3 comprend un faisceau 10 formé d'une multiplicité de tubes 12 ayant une section de forme ovale aplatie et disposés parallèlement entre eux sur une seule rangée. Les tubes 12 traversent une multiplicité d'ailettes 14 constituées par des plaques métalliques rectangulaires et parallèles entre elles. Chaque tube 12 comporte une extrémité libre 16 assemblée mécaniquement à une plaque collectrice 18, encore appelée "collecteur".The heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a bundle 10 formed of a multiplicity of tubes 12 having a flattened oval section arranged in parallel them in a single row. The tubes 12 pass through a multiplicity of fins 14 constituted by plates metallic rectangular and parallel to each other. Each tube 12 has a free end 16 mechanically assembled to a collecting plate 18, also called "collector".

Avant assemblage des tubes et de la plaque collectrice, les extrémités 16 des tubes ont exactement la même section que les tubes, dans la partie courante de ces derniers qui reçoit les ailettes 14.Before assembling the tubes and the collector plate, the 16 ends of the tubes have exactly the same cross-section as the tubes, in the current part of these which receives the fins 14.

La plaque 18 comprend une âme plane 20 de forme générale rectangulaire dans laquelle sont formés des trous 22, de section ovale, propres à recevoir les extrémités 16 des tubes 12. Chaque trou 22 est entouré par un collet 24 dirigé du côté des ailettes 14.The plate 18 comprises a flat core 20 of general shape rectangular in which are formed holes 22, of oval section, suitable for receiving the ends 16 of the tubes 12. Each hole 22 is surrounded by a collar 24 directed from the side of the fins 14.

L'âme 20 de la plaque collectrice 18 est repliée sur son pourtour pour former des pattes de sertissage 26, ressemblant à des dents ou des créneaux, et susceptibles d'être rabattues, comme on le verra plus loin. The core 20 of the collector plate 18 is folded over its periphery to form crimp tabs 26, resembling teeth or slots, which can be folded down, as we will see later.

La plaque collectrice 18 reçoit, sur sa face opposée au faisceau, un joint d'étanchéité compressible 28 lequel comprend une âme 30 propre à s'appliquer contre l'âme 20 de la plaque collectrice. Cette âme 30 est plane et elle comporte un pourtour 32 qui s'étend jusqu'au pourtour intérieur de la plaque collectrice 18, telle que délimité par les pattes de sertissage 26.The collector plate 18 receives, on its face opposite to the bundle, a compressible seal 28 which includes a core 30 adapted to be applied against the core 20 of the collector plate. This soul 30 is flat and it has a periphery 32 which extends to the periphery inside of the collecting plate 18, as delimited by the crimping lugs 26.

Le joint d'étanchéité 28 est formé avec une multiplicité de collets 34 prévus en correspondance des collets 24 de la plaque collectrice 18. Chacun de ces collets 34 est propre à assurer l'étanchéité entre l'extrémité 16 d'un tube et le collet 24 correspondant de la plaque collectrice. Cette étanchéité est assurée en dilatant l'extrémité 16 de chaque tube pour fournir un évasement 36 (figures 1 et 3) assurant l'étanchéité. Chacun des collets 34 comporte ainsi un bourrelet 38 qui dépasse du collet 24 du côté des ailettes 14 du faisceau.The seal 28 is formed with a multiplicity of collars 34 provided in correspondence with the collars 24 of the manifold plate 18. Each of these collars 34 is suitable for seal between the end 16 of a tube and the corresponding collar 24 of the collector plate. This sealing is ensured by expanding the end 16 of each tube to provide a flare 36 (Figures 1 and 3) ensuring sealing. Each of the collars 34 thus comprises a bead 38 which protrudes from the collar 24 on the side of the fins 14 of the beam.

L'échangeur de chaleur comprend en outre une boíte collectrice 40, avantageusement réalisée en matière plastique, et présentant une face ouverte de forme générale rectangulaire délimitée par un rebord périphérique 42. Ce rebord périphérique est propre à venir en appui contre le pourtour 32 du joint 28 et à comprimer le joint lors d'une opération de sertissage. Cette opération, réalisée à l'aide d'un outil approprié, permet de rabattre les pattes 26 contre une face annulaire 44 du rebord 32.The heat exchanger further includes a manifold 40, advantageously made of plastic, and having an open face of generally rectangular shape delimited by a peripheral rim 42. This peripheral rim is able to come into abutment against the periphery 32 of the seal 28 and compress the seal during a crimping. This operation, carried out using a tool suitable, folds the legs 26 against one side annular 44 of flange 32.

A la différence des plaques collectrices connues, la plaque collectrice 18 de l'invention ne comporte pas de gorge périphérique pour recevoir le pourtour 32 du joint 28 et le rebord périphérique 42 de la plaque collectrice.Unlike known collector plates, the plate manifold 18 of the invention does not have a groove peripheral to receive the periphery 32 of the joint 28 and the peripheral edge 42 of the collector plate.

Conformément à l'invention, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend en outre une plaque d'insertion 46 qui est rapportée sur la plaque collectrice 18, du côté de la boíte collectrice 40. En réalité, cette plaque d'insertion 46 s'applique contre le joint d'étanchéité 28, et plus particulièrement contre l'âme 30 du joint. Cette plaque d'insertion présente une forme homologue de celle de la plaque collectrice 18. Elle comporte des ouvertures 48 de section sensiblement ovale pour permettre le passage des extrémités 16 des tubes et des évasements 36 correspondants.According to the invention, the heat exchanger comprises in addition an insertion plate 46 which is attached to the manifold plate 18, on the side of the manifold 40. In reality, this insert plate 46 is applied against the seal 28, and more particularly against the core 30 of the joint. This insert plate has a shape counterpart to that of the collector plate 18. It comprises openings 48 of substantially oval section to allow the passage of the ends 16 of the tubes and flares 36 correspondents.

La plaque d'insertion 46 présente une épaisseur e (figure 1) qui est supérieure à la hauteur des extrémités 16 qui font saillie du côté de la boíte collectrice 40, ce qui permet d'encastrer les extrémités évasées dans les ouvertures 48 précitées, lesquelles présentent un bord évasé 50, tourné vers la boite collectrice.The insertion plate 46 has a thickness e (FIG. 1) which is greater than the height of the ends 16 which make projection on the side of the manifold 40, which allows to embed the flared ends in the openings 48 above, which have a flared edge 50, turned to the manifold.

La plaque d'insertion 46 est délimitée par un bord périphérique 52 de forme générale rectangulaire qui forme butée latérale pour le rebord 42 de la boite collectrice.The insertion plate 46 is delimited by a peripheral edge 52 of generally rectangular shape which forms a stop lateral for the rim 42 of the manifold.

Ce dernier délimite intérieurement un évidement périphérique 44, de contour général rectangulaire, propre à permettre l'encastrement du bord périphérique 52 de la plaque d'insertion. Il en résulte que cette plaque d'insertion est maintenue en position à l'intérieur du volume 56 délimité dans la boíte collectrice 40. Il est à noter qu'il n'est pas nécessaire que la plaque d'insertion 46 comprime l'âme 30 du joint puisque cette partie du joint ne contribue pas directement à l'étanchéité.The latter internally delimits a peripheral recess 44, of generally rectangular outline, suitable for allowing embedding of the peripheral edge 52 of the insertion plate. As a result, this insert plate is maintained in position inside the volume 56 delimited in the manifold 40. Note that it is not necessary that the insertion plate 46 compresses the core 30 of the seal since this part of the joint does not directly contribute to sealing.

La plaque d'insertion 46 est avantageusement réalisée en matière plastique, de préférence du même type que celle formant la boíte collectrice 40.The insertion plate 46 is advantageously made of plastic material, preferably of the same type as that forming the manifold 40.

L'échangeur de chaleur des figures 1 à 3 comporte en outre une plaque de protection 58 (figures 1 et 2) qui présente un profil général en U et qui comporte un bord 60 propre à prendre appui extérieurement contre l'âme 20 de la plaque collectrice 18 et un bord replié opposé 62 propre à prendre appui contre la première ailette 14 du faisceau. The heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 further comprises a protective plate 58 (Figures 1 and 2) which has a general U-shaped profile which has an edge 60 specific to bear externally against the core 20 of the plate manifold 18 and an opposite folded edge 62 suitable for taking support against the first fin 14 of the beam.

Cette plaque permet de protéger les bourrelets 38 du joint d'étanchéité, ainsi que les extrémités des tubes dans la région des bourrelets. Elle permet en outre d'assurer un écart de valeur choisie entre la première ailette du faisceau et la plaque collectrice 18.This plate protects the beads 38 of the seal as well as the ends of the tubes in the bead region. It also makes it possible to ensure difference in value chosen between the first fin of the beam and the collector plate 18.

La fabrication de l'échangeur de chaleur des figures 1 à 3 s'effectue de la manière habituelle pour un échangeur du type à assemblage mécanique. La plaque collectrice 18 préalablement équipée du joint reçoit les extrémités 16 des tubes qui sont ensuite évasées pour assurer la compression des collets 34. La plaque d'insertion 46 est mise en place sur la plaque collectrice 18 soit avant, soit après l'évasement des extrémités des tubes.The manufacture of the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 is carried out in the usual manner for an exchanger of the type with mechanical assembly. The collector plate 18 beforehand fitted with the seal receives the ends 16 of the tubes which are then flared to ensure compression of the collars 34. The insertion plate 46 is placed on the plate collector 18 either before or after the flaring of the ends of the tubes.

Ensuite, on met en place la boíte collectrice 40 de manière que son rebord 42 vienne se loger dans l'espace annulaire délimité intérieurement par le bord périphérique 52 de la plaque d'insertion et extérieurement par les pattes de sertissage 26, non rabattues.Then, we set up the manifold 40 so that its edge 42 comes to be housed in the annular space internally bounded by the peripheral edge 52 of the insert plate and externally by the legs of crimping 26, not folded down.

Après, on procède à l'opération de sertissage en rabattant les pattes 26 ce qui assure la compression du pourtour 32 du joint d'étanchéité. Pendant cette opération, la plaque d'insertion 46 fournit une butée latérale pour le rebord 42 de la boíte collectrice, ce qui évite toute déformation ou tout déplacement intempestif de ce rebord 42, qui pourrait conduire à un défaut d'étanchéité.Afterwards, we proceed to the crimping operation by folding the legs 26 which ensures the compression of the periphery 32 of the seal. During this operation, the plate insert 46 provides a side stop for the flange 42 of the manifold, which prevents any deformation or any untimely movement of this edge 42, which could lead to a leak.

L'invention permet de réaliser un échangeur de chaleur dont les dimensions de la plaque collectrice 18, en particulier sa largeur L (figure 2) est inférieure à celle des échangeurs de chaleur connus dans lesquels la plaque collectrice 18 est munie d'une gorge périphérique. Ceci est dû au fait que la plaque collectrice 18 est plane et reçoit une plaque d'insertion 46 comme défini précédemment. The invention makes it possible to produce a heat exchanger whose the dimensions of the collector plate 18, in particular its width L (Figure 2) is less than that of the heat exchangers known heat in which the collector plate 18 is provided with a peripheral groove. This is because the collector plate 18 is flat and receives an insertion plate 46 as defined above.

En outre, la présence de cette plaque d'insertion permet de limiter les pertes de charge du fluide qui pénètre par les extrémités 16 des tubes.In addition, the presence of this insertion plate allows limit the pressure losses of the fluid which penetrates through the ends 16 of the tubes.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 4, à laquelle on se réfère maintenant, on retrouve un échangeur de chaleur de structure analogue, dont la plaque collectrice 18 est dépourvue de gorge périphérique. Là encore, on prévoit une plaque d'insertion 46 analogue à celle décrite précédemment. Dans ce cas particulier, la plaque collectrice comporte des collets 64 dirigés du côté de la plaque collectrice et propres à permettre l'insertion des extrémités 16 des tubes. Dans ce cas, ces extrémités sont brasées directement aux collets 64 par l'intermédiaire d'un joint de brasure 66. L'échangeur de chaleur comporte des intercalaires ondulés 68 formant ailettes d'échange de chaleur.In the embodiment of Figure 4, which is now refers to a heat exchanger of analogous structure, of which the collecting plate 18 is devoid of peripheral throat. Again, there is provision for insertion plate 46 similar to that described above. In this particular case, the collector plate includes collars 64 directed on the side of the collector plate and suitable for inserting the ends 16 of the tubes. In this case, these ends are brazed directly to the collars 64 by means of a solder joint 66. The heat exchanger has 68 corrugated spacers forming heat exchange fins.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites précédemment à titre d'exemples et s'étend à d'autres variantes. Ainsi, la plaque d'insertion pourrait être réalisée en plusieurs parties rapportées sur la plaque collectrice.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above as examples and extends to other variants. So the insert plate could be made in several parts reported on the plate collecting.

L'échangeur de chaleur de l'invention trouve de nombreuses applications, notamment dans le domaine de l'automobile. Il peut alors être utilisé en particulier en tant que radiateur de refroidissement du moteur ou encore en tant que radiateur de chauffage de l'habitacle.The heat exchanger of the invention finds many applications, especially in the automotive field. he can then be used in particular as a radiator engine cooling or as a radiator for heating the passenger compartment.

Claims (9)

  1. A heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle (10) of tubes (12) and fins (14), wherein the end portions (16) of the tubes are introduced into holes (22) in a header plate (18), together with a collecting header (40) having an open face delimited by a peripheral flange (42), and wherein the header plate (18) is provided with seaming means (26) adapted to be engaged against the peripheral flange (42) of the header plate whereby to compress a sealing gasket ((28),
    characterised in that the header plate (18) is generally flat, and in that an insert plate (46) is carried on the header plate on the same side as the collecting header(40), the said insert plate (46) being formed with apertures (48) for passage therethrough of the ends (16) of the tubes, and being delimited by a peripheral edge portion (52) which constitutes a lateral abutment for the flange (42) of the collecting header.
  2. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterised in that the peripheral flange (42) of the collecting header (40) delimits an internal peripheral opening (54) adapted to enable the peripheral edge portion (52) of the insert plate (46) to be entrapped whereby to hold it in position.
  3. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the apertures (48) in the insert plate (46) are disposed facing the end portions (16) of the tubes, and have an edge (50) which is flared towards the collecting header, whereby to facilitate entry of a fluid into the tubes.
  4. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the insert plate (46) is made of plastics material.
  5. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the sealing gasket (28) is arranged to be fitted between the header plate (18) on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the flange (42) of the collecting header together with the insert plate (46).
  6. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the end portions (16) of the tubes are received in collar portions (24) of the collecting header, thereby compressing corresponding collar portions (34) of the sealing gasket to produce a mechanical assembly.
  7. A heat exchanger according to Claim 6, characterised in that the end portions (16) of the tubes are formed with expanded portions (36) which are received in the apertures (48) of the insert plate.
  8. A heat exchanger according to Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that a protection plate (58) is positioned between the header plate (18) and the fins (14) of the bundle so as to protect the collar portions (34) of the sealing gasket.
  9. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the end portions (16) of the tubes are received and brazed in collar portions (64) of the header plate (18), so as to produce a brazed assembly.
EP99946234A 1998-09-25 1999-09-24 Heat exchanger with reduced space requirement, in particular for motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1034410B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9812031A FR2783907B1 (en) 1998-09-25 1998-09-25 REDUCED HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR9812031 1998-09-25
PCT/FR1999/002285 WO2000019163A1 (en) 1998-09-25 1999-09-24 Heat exchanger with reduced space requirement, in particular for motor vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1034410A1 EP1034410A1 (en) 2000-09-13
EP1034410B1 true EP1034410B1 (en) 2002-10-23

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99946234A Expired - Lifetime EP1034410B1 (en) 1998-09-25 1999-09-24 Heat exchanger with reduced space requirement, in particular for motor vehicle

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US (1) US6296051B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1034410B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9909371A (en)
DE (1) DE69903608T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2783907B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000019163A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9909371A (en) 2000-11-21
WO2000019163A1 (en) 2000-04-06
US6296051B1 (en) 2001-10-02
DE69903608T2 (en) 2003-07-03
EP1034410A1 (en) 2000-09-13
FR2783907B1 (en) 2000-12-22
FR2783907A1 (en) 2000-03-31
DE69903608D1 (en) 2002-11-28

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