EP0498068B1 - Folder, in which the folded articles are transported using transportation means ,idlers and conveyors - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a folder in which the transport of the copies is carried out by means of transport, tape rolls and tapes.

The folded copies initially transported at high speeds in the folder must be braked for further processing, in particular for the second longitudinal fold formation, so that during the folding process e.g. no paper jam occurs. Brush devices which act on the specimen or suction devices which exert a decelerating force on the specimen and which serve to reduce the speed are known.

Slowdown cylinders are also used to reduce the speed in order to reduce the speed of the folded copy. For example, two deceleration cylinders, which feed the fold copy to the second longitudinal fold formation, are arranged one behind the other. The speed per cylinder is reduced by 30%. This solution has the disadvantage that its implementation is complicated and therefore expensive.

Conveyor belt assemblies are also known which operate at fast and slow speeds. The folded copies are transported from the fast to the slow belts and picked up by them.

This solution has the disadvantage that the folded copy experiences a speed change that occurs abruptly and without a transition, and that the folded copies are sometimes transported in an uncontrolled and imprecise manner, which can lead to inaccuracies and paper jams.

EP-A-0 129 013 shows a folder with a Delay line. Conveyor belt systems are arranged above and below a fold copy transport level. In a first, second and third belt line, belt deflection rollers are each horizontally displaceable. The folders are delayed by tapes between two tape lines, one of which rotates at high speed and another at lower speed.

DE-27 57 448 discloses a sheet feed device for cutting machines of material webs. Copies go from a first conveyor via an intermediate conveyor to a second conveyor. During the period in which a sheet passes the intermediate conveyor, the roller speed on the intermediate conveyor and thus the speed of the sheet being transported is reduced.

DE-A-39 40 960 finally discloses a method and a device for braking sheets to be deposited on a stack, in particular paper or cardboard sheets. The braking of the elbows is achieved by the outer diameter of the clamping elements working together. The diameter of the clamping elements increases continuously in the direction of rotation of the clamping elements and in this way forms an inlet gap into which arcs to be braked enter.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.

• es ist eine schnell laufende erste Bänderanordnung bestehend aus oberen und unteren Bändern vorgesehen, zwischen denen das Falzexemplar transportiert wird,
• es ist eine mit variabler Geschwindigkeit antreibbare Bandrollenanordnung bestehend aus oberen und unteren Bandrollen vorgesehen, die das von der ersten Bänderanordnung herangeführte Falzexemplar im Bereich dessen Vorderkante aufnehmen und weitertransportieren,
• es ist eine langsam laufende zweite Bänderanordnung bestehend aus oberen und unteren Bändern vorgesehen, die das aus den Bandrollen herausgeführte Falzexemplar an dessen Vorderkante aufnehmen und weitertransportieren.

The object is achieved by a folder of a printing press, in which the copies are transported by means of transport, belt rolls and belts and have the following features:

• there is a fast-running first belt arrangement consisting of upper and lower belts, between which the folded copy is transported,
• there is provided a belt roll arrangement which can be driven at variable speed and which consists of upper and lower belt rolls which receive and transport the folded copy brought up by the first belt arrangement in the region of the front edge thereof,
• a slow-running second belt arrangement consisting of upper and lower belts is provided, which take up and transport the folded copy out of the belt rolls at the front edge thereof.

The advantage of this solution is that the fold copies arriving on the first belt arrangement are not abruptly braked due to the variable speed during the transition from the first to the second belt arrangement, and that the fold copies are kept and guided continuously on the transport route.

• Fig. 1 weist einen derartigen Falzapparat auf, mit dem eine zuvor in einer Druckmaschine bedruckte Endlospapierbahn gefalzt wird.

Further advantageous embodiments containing inventive features result from the following description and the figures of the accompanying drawing:

• Fig. 1 has such a folder with which an endless paper web previously printed in a printing press is folded.

This folder consists of the former (1) over which the printed paper web runs by forming a first longitudinal fold which is parallel to the edge strips of the paper extends, with the two edges of the web width lying one above the other.

The web (8) thus folded passes through the funnel folding rollers for the purpose of forming the first longitudinal fold as well as the pair of transverse perforating cylinders (2A, 2B) which perforate the web at the point at which the first transverse fold is later to be found. The web then continues between the cutting cylinder (3) and the collecting or transfer cylinder (4).

The cutting cylinder (3) is provided with cutting knives (9A, 9B) which are arranged on the surface line of this cylinder and which cooperate with cutting knife counterparts which are provided on the collecting or transfer cylinder (4) around the longitudinally folded web (8 ) to cut.

Punctures (11A, 11B, 11C) hold the top of the specimen cut in this way by indenting near the front edge of the specimen.

Folding knives (12A, 12B, 12C) guide the specimen with the center into the folding jaws (13A, 13B, 13C, 13D), which are provided on a folding jaw cylinder (5).

If the cylinders turn in the direction of the arrow, the copy is folded and clamped in the jaws (13).

The decelerating cylinders (6A, 6B) alternately record the specimens that successively run over the cylinder (5). The deceleration cylinder (6A) is provided with grippers (14A, 14B) and the deceleration cylinder (6B) with grippers (14A ', 14B').

These cylinders are called slowdown cylinders because they rotate at the same angular velocity as the cylinder (5); however, they have a smaller diameter, so that they consequently have a lower linear velocity.

The device is designed in such a way that the gripper (14B) of the upper deceleration cylinder grips the copy located in the folding flap (13D) and that the gripper (14A) the copy located in the folding flap (13B) on the first transverse fold edge detected.

Likewise, the gripper (14A ') on the first transverse fold edge of the lower decelerating cylinder comprises the specimen located in the folding flap (13C) and the gripper (14B') the specimen located in the folding flap (13A). These slowing cylinders are followed by belts or belts running in parallel, which grasp the once folded copy and feed this to a device (7A) which works together with the slowing cylinder (6A) and a device (7B) which works together with the slowing cylinder (6B) .

Fig. 2

zeigt einen vergrößerten Querschnitt des in Fig. 1 abgebildeten Falzapparates.

Fig. 3

ist eine Schnittansicht gemäß der Ebene II von Fig. 2.

Fig. 4

ist eine Schnittansicht gemäß der Ebene III von Fig. 2.

Using Figg. 2, 3, 4 is to better understand the operation of these devices, called second longitudinal fold or sword fold devices.

Fig. 2

shows an enlarged cross section of the folder shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

FIG. 2 is a sectional view along plane II of FIG. 2.

Fig. 4

FIG. 2 is a sectional view along plane III of FIG. 2.

In the Fig. 2 to 4, a belt arrangement (15) consisting of four belts is provided below the copy coming from the cylinder.

The bands (16) (Fig. 2) are arranged above the specimen. This belt arrangement detaches the specimen from the deceleration cylinder (6A or 6B) and conveys it until it comes into contact with the stop (17), where it is stopped by sliding between the belts.

The stop (17) is comb-shaped; in its lower part it consists of four recesses (18) which allow the bands (15, 16) to pass freely.

A folding table (19), in the middle of which a gap (20) is provided, is arranged below the belts (15), which rest slightly on the folding table (19).

Two folding rollers (21A, 21B), which - as shown in FIG. 3 - rotate in the opposite direction, are arranged under the folding table (19) opposite the gap (20).

A folding knife (22), which is attached to the end of an arm (23) movable about an axis (24), is driven by reciprocating movement by means of a crank rod (25) and a crank (26).

The entire kinematic chain is designed such that the folding knife (22) is in a lower position shortly after the arrival of a folding copy (27) on the stop (17).

The rollers (21A, 21B) thus grasp the specimen and fold it perpendicular to the fold formed between the cylinders (4, 5). This second longitudinal fold is also called "sword fold".

This entire device, the kinematics of such a machine and its various settings are known to the person skilled in the art, so that we will not go into this in any further detail.

Fig. 5 shows a possible division of the copies in such a folder.

In Fig. 5a it can be seen how the paper web - cut but not folded - is wrapped around the collecting cylinder (4). Each specimen has a length C; and the distance between two successive specimens is also C.

Fig. 5b shows the copies lying on the cylinder (5) after the folding process. The distance between two copies is still C, but the length of each copy is only C / 2 after the copy has been folded in half.

Figure 5c shows the only non-hatched specimens on the slowdown cylinder (6A) prior to the slowdown. The distance is now 2C and the copy length C / 2.

Fig. 5d shows the specimens transported to the deceleration cylinder (6A) after a deceleration of 25% (3/4 of the distance between two specimen ridges remains). The distance is 6C / 4 and the copy length C / 2.

Figures 5e and 5f show the operations on the slowdown cylinder (6B), which are identical to those on the slowdown cylinder (6A), with respect to the hatched specimens of Figure 5b.

It should be noted that with a sword folding device there must be a sufficient distance between two successive copies. Since the folding is in fact not a continuous process and the specimen is held by the stop (17) during the folding process, the following copy can have its projection between the two Keeps ribbon arrangements, collide with the just folded copy.

In practice, the distance between two consecutive copies in the usual second longitudinal fold must be at least C if the copy length is C / 2.

This means that a slowdown of 50% must not be exceeded with sword folding devices. It is also very difficult to achieve such a slowdown with a single slowdown cylinder.

6 shows a device according to the invention. Above all, a sequence of specimens can be seen, the specimen (27) between two belt arrangements, i.e. is clamped between the high-speed upper (28) and the high-speed lower belts (29), these belts wrapped around the deceleration cylinder having a peripheral speed which corresponds to that of the deceleration cylinder.

The copy (27 ') is also clamped between two slow belt arrangements (30, 31) rotating at half the machine speed, which transport the copy up to the stop of the sword fold. The slow moving upper belt assemblies bear the reference number (30) and the slow moving lower belt assemblies the reference number (31).

These four belt arrangements are wound around deflection rollers (32), which are available in sufficient numbers.

In addition, a device which consists of a roller (33) which is mounted in an oscillating manner at the end of a lever (34) and whose longitudinal position is adjusted by means of an adjusting wheel (35) which is connected to a screw-nut connection (36) acts to set the position of the last gripping movement of a signature between the fast bands.

A device (33 ', 34', 35 ', 36') which is identical in all points makes it possible to adjust the position in which the gripping movement between the slow belts begins.

The tape rolls (37, 38), which are only partially covered with rubber on their circumference, are fastened to the shafts (39, 40).

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6.

In Fig. 7 it can be seen that the belts (31) are wrapped around guide rollers (43) which have a smaller diameter than the partially rubber-coated belt rolls (38) and which are movably mounted on the shaft (40).

Likewise, the belts (30) are wrapped around the guide rollers (42), which are movably mounted on the shaft (39) between the belt rollers (37), which are partially covered with rubber. The shaft (39) is rotatably mounted on two levers (44, 44 ') which are articulated to the frame via a geometric axis (45).

The whole is held in position by means of a force supplied by a pneumatic cylinder (46) by the force pressing the lever (44) against an adjustable stop (47) which is attached to the frame. This makes it possible to maintain a fixed position and a constant distance between the shafts (39, 40).

Fig. 8 shows the entire drive with a cyclically variable speed.

This drive consists of the following components: an intermediate shaft (48) by the main control of the machine is driven via a roller (49) and a toothed belt (51). The entire drive is designed so that the disc (52) which is arranged at the end of the shaft (48) makes one revolution each time the folder produces a copy (27).

The disk (52) drives an opposing disk 53) by means of a cam roller (54) which is attached to the disk (52) and which runs in a guide groove (55) provided in the disk (53).

The disc (53) itself is connected to the output shaft (40) which carries a gearwheel (57) attached to it and which also drives the lower band rollers (38) which are partially covered with rubber.

The gearwheel (57) is connected to a further gearwheel (58) which has the same diameter and is fastened on the shaft (39) by means of two small gearwheels (59, 60) located in between.

The gear wheel (58) drives the upper band rollers (37).

The device ensures the synchronous drive of the upper and lower belt rolls by allowing the setting of the compressive force between the above upper and lower belt rolls.

The lower and upper partially rubber-coated tape rolls (37, 38) are fastened in such a way that the rubber-coated parts - which consequently have a larger diameter - are exactly in phase, i.e. the beginning and end of the rubber layer pass the connecting line of the center points ( 39, 40), namely that of the upper and lower band rolls at the same time, as a result of which the specimen (27) located between them is simultaneously clamped or released.

und ein Minimum von $\text{V x R / (R + E)}$

, wobei V für die Eintrittswinkelgeschwindigkeit der Welle (48) steht.If R is the radius of rotation of the axis of the cam roller (54) around the shaft (48) and E is the eccentricity between the two shafts (40, 48), the speed of the shaft (40) reaches a maximum of once per revolution $\text{V x R / (R - E)}$

and a minimum of $\text{V x R / (R + E)}$

, where V stands for the entry angular velocity of the shaft (48).

Fig. 9 has a diagram in which two curves (70, 71) are shown.

The rotation angle A of -90 ° to + 360 ° of the drive shaft (48) of the device of FIG. 8 is plotted on the abscissa.

The rotation angle B of the output shaft (40) is plotted on the ordinate. The curve (70) represents the exit angle as a function of the entry angle. The curve (71), which is shown in the same diagram, is the derivative of the curve (70) and gives the relationship between the exit angle speed and the entry angle speed in all points of the device shown in FIG.

The curve (71) thus shows the change in circumferential speed of the belt rolls (37, 38), which are partially covered with rubber, as a function of their angular rotation.

The device works in the following way:
A specimen (27) is pushed by the fast bands (28, 29) between the two partly rubber-coated band rolls (37, 38) at the speed of the fast bands (see FIG. 9, line 72). If this copy exceeds the connecting line of the center points (39, 40) by a few centimeters, the partially coated rubber rolls (37, 38) come to the point during their rotational movement, at which these are covered with rubber and at this point the tape reels reach their top speed.

The signature thus reaches the speed of these partially rubber-coated tape rolls, which corresponds to that of the fast tapes (straight line 72).

During their rotational movement, the partially coated rubber rolls (37, 38) and the specimen (27) clamped between them change from a fast speed (72) to a slow speed (73) (see solid curve (71) in Fig. 9) .

During this rotational movement, the specimen (27) is pushed on its transverse fold back between the slow belts (30, 31), which rotate at precisely this speed.

At the moment when the rubber area of the band rolls (37, 38) partially covered with rubber no longer acts on the specimen (27), the slow belts (30, 31) take it away.

The adjusting wheels (35) on the fast and slow belts (Fig. 6) have the task of setting the exact point at which the belts capture or release the copy.

The pivotability of the upper partially rubber-coated tape roll (37) with respect to the lever (44) by means of the load on the cylinder (46) allows both the metering of the force with which the tape rolls grasp the specimen (27), regardless of the thickness of the Copy (27), as well as their compensation in the event of a paper jam, in which the copies accumulate between the two rolls of tape.

Fig. 10 has a folder according to the invention, which consists of two separate belt arrangements, the slowdown cylinders are subordinate. This folder is suitable for the formation of an upper sword fold as well as a lower sword fold.

An embodiment is also conceivable in which both the upper and the lower deceleration cylinders are dispensed with.

Such a folder is shown in Fig. 11.
The specimen (27) is thus taken directly from the folding jaw cylinder (5) by the fast belt arrangements.

The eccentricity between the shafts (40, 48) and the radius of rotation of the axis of the cam roller (54) around the shaft (48) are thus adjusted in order to reduce the speed of the partially coated rubber rollers by 50%.

In addition, the slow belts rotate half as fast as the fast belts.

According to the invention, a device is also conceivable with which folding copies of a variable folding apparatus - as is used in gravure printing - or a completely different type of folding apparatus are slowed down.

• durch eine Indexvorrichtung
• oder durch ein Kardangelenk mit folgenden Gleichungen: $$\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\text{Maximalgeschwindigkeit = Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit/cos α}\\ \text{Minimalgeschwindigkeit = Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit x cos α}\end{array}\end{array}$$
  
  In diesem Gleichungen ist die Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit eines einzigen Kardangelenkes, das zwischen Antriebs- und Abtriebswelle einen Winkel α beschreibt, variabel.
• durch ein Gleichlaufgelenk, z. B. ein dreigliedriges Gelenk, das am Ende einer schräg gelagerten Welle vorgesehen und mit einem Kardangelenk verbunden wird, wobei zwei parallel angeordnete Wellen verbunden werden und die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit nicht-linear machen.

The device described above can also be used to achieve a cyclical change in speed (crank pin which drives a slotted disc) and could be replaced by a completely different device, e.g. B .:

• through an indexing device
• or by a universal joint with the following equations: $$\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\text{Maximum speed = entry speed / cos α}\\ \text{Minimum speed = entry speed x cos α}\end{array}\end{array}$$
  
  In this equation, the entry speed of a single universal joint, which describes an angle α between the input and output shaft, is variable.
• through a constant velocity joint, e.g. B. a three-part joint, which is provided at the end of an inclined shaft and connected to a universal joint, two parallel shafts being connected and making the exit speed non-linear.

Other devices could also be used to achieve non-linear velocity, e.g. B. Devices with two crank pins, which are connected together via a rod, etc.

Claims (8)

1. Folder of a printing machine, in the case of which the transportation of the foldable articles takes place via transporting means, belt rollers and belts, having a rapid first belt arrangement (28, 29), comprising upper belts (28) and lower belts (29), between which the foldable article is conveyed, and having a belt-roller arrangement (37, 38) which can be driven at variable speed, comprising upper belt rollers (37) which are perfectly in phase during their rotation and comprising lower belt rollers (38), which seize that foldable article which has been advanced from the first belt arrangement (28, 29) in the region of its leading edge and transport it further, and having a slow second belt arrangement (30, 31), comprising upper belts (30) and lower belts (31), which seize that foldable article which has been guided out of the belt rollers (37, 38) at its leading edge and transport it further, characterized in that the upper and lower belt rollers (37, 38) exhibit clearances on their circumference, and the parts of the belt rollers (37, 38) of large diameter are formed by a rubber coating, it being possible for at least one shaft (39, 40) to be pivoted by means of actuating elements (46, 47) in order to regulate the force between the belt rollers (37, 38).
2. Folder according to Claim 1, characterized in that during the transfer of the foldable article from one transporting means to the other transporting means, the foldable article is temporarily retained by both transporting means.
3. Folder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the respective speed of the transporting means can be set.
4. Folder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the point in time at which the belt arrangement seizes and/or releases the foldable article can be set.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the belt-roller arrangement (37, 38) is designed such that, during conveying of the foldable article, it rotates at a variable rotational speed.
6. Apparatus according to Claim 1 and 5, characterized in that the change in speed is effected by an apparatus which comprises two parallel shafts (48, 40): a drive shaft which rotates uniformly and a driven shaft which rotates at variable speed, each of these two shafts being provided with a disc (52, 53) at their opposing ends.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the change in speed is achieved in that two parallel shafts are connected via an obliquely mounted shaft, a universal joint being fitted at one end thereof, and a known homokinetic joint being fitted at the other end thereof.
8. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuating elements are designed as springs (46) and a stop (47), the adjustable stop (47) delimiting the path of the belt rollers (37, 38).

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