EP0494919A1 - Slab-like concrete block, as well as process and device for manufacturing the latter. - Google Patents

Slab-like concrete block, as well as process and device for manufacturing the latter.

Info

Publication number
EP0494919A1
EP0494919A1 EP90914694A EP90914694A EP0494919A1 EP 0494919 A1 EP0494919 A1 EP 0494919A1 EP 90914694 A EP90914694 A EP 90914694A EP 90914694 A EP90914694 A EP 90914694A EP 0494919 A1 EP0494919 A1 EP 0494919A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
stone
shaped
absorption layer
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90914694A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0494919B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Hagenah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
Original Assignee
SF-VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN-KOOPERATION GmbH
SF VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SF-VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN-KOOPERATION GmbH, SF VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN filed Critical SF-VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN-KOOPERATION GmbH
Publication of EP0494919A1 publication Critical patent/EP0494919A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0494919B1 publication Critical patent/EP0494919B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
    • E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate-shaped concrete block for covering streets, paths and squares.
  • Concrete shaped blocks or paving stones are superior in many respects to soil coverings for streets, paths and squares, black ceilings and other related covers.
  • the development of noise in the case of rolling traffic (from vehicles) is felt to be disadvantageous.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a paving stone or shaped concrete block which, while maintaining the advantages of paving stones as a ground cover, significantly reduces the noise development due to the rolling traffic.
  • the slab-shaped shaped concrete block according to the invention is characterized by the following features:
  • a sound absorbing absorption layer 13 made of porous concrete is on a stone body 12
  • the top of the absorption layer 13 is flat, the bottom and, accordingly, the top of the stone body 12 is curved with a larger
  • the stone body 12 is provided on its underside with a bulge 18, such that the shaped concrete block is formed at the stone edges with a greater height.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a noticeable reduction in the development of noise during rolling traffic can be achieved by the interaction of several features in the design of the paving stones or shaped concrete blocks and the soil cover produced therefrom.
  • a significant contribution to sound absorption is made by the upper cross-sectional area of the concrete block, namely by the absorption layer made of porous concrete.
  • Paving stones with a layer of porous concrete are generally known.
  • the covering layer made of porous concrete is used to drain surface water. The sound-absorbing effect of the porous concrete has not yet been recognized.
  • the shaped concrete blocks are designed with a larger format, namely plate-shaped. Dimensions with an edge length of at least 30 cm, in particular square concrete shaped blocks with an edge length of 33 cm, have been found to be advantageous for noise reduction.
  • the porous concrete absorption layer is formed on the underside with a curvature so that the surface water can run off to the sides of the concrete block.
  • the concrete shaped blocks according to the invention are laid with very small distances from one another, that is to say with very narrow joints. This makes it difficult to drain the surface water.
  • the concrete blocks are therefore provided with upright water drainage channels, namely slots, on the side surfaces. These extend immediately below the absorption layer, so that the surface water reaches the upright slots and then the underground.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the paving stone of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are plan views of the paving stone according to FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a manufacturing plant for producing a paving stone according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 3, 5 shows a vertical section through a pavement made from paving stones according to the invention according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 6 is a vertical section corresponding to FIG. 5 through a conventional pavement
  • Fig. 7 is a pavement according to Fig. 6 when loaded by road traffic.
  • Fig. 1 shows a shaped block 11 according to the invention, cut from concrete in vertical.
  • the shaped stone 11 consists of two layers, of which the first layer is the actual stone body 12, on which the second layer, an absorption layer 13, which is sound-absorbent, is applied.
  • the absorption layer 13 has a smooth upper side 14 which is part of the road surface in the case of a paving slab made of shaped stones 11. Since the top 14 is smooth, the rolling noise on the stone 11 is reduced.
  • the top 14 is formed with sharp edges, so no bevels are provided on the edges of the top 14.
  • the absorption layer 13 is porous.
  • the absorption layer 13 preferably has a grain size of 4 mm to 8 mm. This grain is cement-bound.
  • the binding can be achieved by additional binders, e.g. Plastic, preferably polymers, or silicate, be reinforced.
  • Stone body 12 on which the absorption layer 13 is applied. is convex. It therefore has a dome shape, so that water or other liquids flow off on this top 15 from the center to the edges.
  • the shaped block 11 In its edge areas, the shaped block 11 has vertical slots 16, which are introduced into the side surface and through which the liquid can flow from the top 15 of the stone body 12 to the underside of the shaped block 11 and can then seep into the ground.
  • the slots 16 only extend from the underside 17 of the shaped block 11 to the absorption layer 13, and therefore do not run through the absorption layer 13. This ensures that the edges of the upper side 14 remain sharp all the way around, that is to say there are no openings in the edge regions of the upper side 14.
  • paving stones to form a road surface can meet closely or almost completely, resulting in an almost seamless road surface on which the rolling noise of traffic is minimized.
  • the molded block 11 is shown somewhat compactly in FIG. 1, but it is preferably formed as large as possible in a plate-like manner. Shaped stones 11 have proven to be favorable, the edge length (in plan) being at least 30 cm. Optimal results are achieved with a shaped block 11 which is square with an edge length of 33 cm. In order to achieve an optimal support of the shaped stone 11 on a pavement base, the shaped stone 11 has a concave arch 18 on its underside 17. In the edge areas of the underside 17, peripheral bevels 19 are formed, which are relatively steep.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the shaped block 11 according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • the same components are identified in FIG. 2 as in the other figures, with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1. From FIG. 2, the formation of the slots 16 can be seen in particular from a different perspective.
  • FIG. 3 shows the shaped block 11 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a top view.
  • the porous upper side 14 is only indicated by dots in a corner region.
  • the arrangement of the slots 16 on the side surfaces of the shaped block 11 can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a manufacturing plant for the production of shaped blocks 11 according to FIGS. 1 and 3 in a schematic side view.
  • the production system comprises a vibrating table 20 on which a molding box 21 with molds 22 for shaping molded blocks 11 according to the invention is arranged.
  • This shaped box 21 can be shaken in an up and down movement with the vibrating table 20, as indicated by a double arrow.
  • the production system further comprises two filling cars 24a, b which can be moved on rails 23 and in which the two inserts for producing the two layers 13 and 12 of a shaped block 11 are stored. At least the filling car 24a which receives the prefill for the manufacture of the absorption layer 13 has a metering device for the metered filling of prefill fillings for forming absorption layers 13 in the molds 22.
  • mold dies 25 which can be lowered into the molds 22 are arranged.
  • the mold stamps 25 are suspended from a crossmember 26 and can be moved up and down hydraulically, for example.
  • a header filling is first filled into the molds 22 and by lowering the mold stamp 25 into the mold Molds 22 formed into absorption layers 13.
  • the core filling is then filled into the molds 22 to form stone bodies 12. These are then also shaped by lowering the die 25 and compressed by shaking with the shaking table 20.
  • the shaped stones 11 are thus produced with their top 14 downward.
  • the formation of a sharp-edged top 14 is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a road surface 27 made from shaped stones 11 according to the invention in a vertical section.
  • FIG. 5 it can be seen how the material 28 of a paving base penetrates into the convexities 18 of the shaped blocks 11 and into the joints 29 between two shaped blocks 11.
  • the joints 29 between two blocks 11 are exaggerated in the illustration of FIG. 5 for illustrative reasons.
  • the shaped blocks 11 according to the invention can be laid much closer together.
  • the shaped stones 11 Because of their specially designed underside 17, the shaped stones 11 have a particularly firm position on the material 28 of the paving base. In particular, the edge areas of the underside 17 between the chamfers 19 and the bulge 18 lie firmly on the material 29.
  • FIG. 6 a vertical section through a conventional road surface 30 has been shown in FIG. 6.
  • This road surface 30 consists of conventional paving stones 31.
  • the pressure curve PX of the conventional road surface 30 has been indicated by the representation of the conventional road surface 30 in FIG. 6.
  • the conventional paving stones 31 lie with their central areas with the highest pressure on the material 32 of a paving base.
  • material 32 is pressed from the edge regions of the undersides of the paving stones 31 partly under the paving stones 31 to the center and partly pumped up through the joints 33 between the paving stones 31.
  • the pressure curve indicated in FIG. 6 becomes even more extreme, so that the rocking effect indicated in FIG. 7 becomes worse and the paving stones lose their hold more and more.
  • Such rocking paving stones 31 even amplify the driving noise of the vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le cas de revêtements terrestres en dalles de béton, le bruit causé par la circulation de véhicules représente un désavantage. Pour réduire ce bruit, on propose des pièces de béton moulées en forme de plaque présentant un format nettement plus grand que les pavés traditionnels. La partie supérieure de la plaque de béton consiste en une couche d'absorption de bruit (13) en béton poreux. Sur sa partie inférieure, la plaque de béton est voûtée vers l'intérieur pour que la zone périphérique reçoive une charge plus élevée, ce qui garantit une position stable. Pour dévier l'eau de surface, la plaque de béton est pourvue de fentes (16) verticales sur les côtés et conjointes à la couche d'absorption en béton poreux.In the case of terrestrial coverings in concrete slabs, the noise caused by vehicle traffic is a disadvantage. To reduce this noise, concrete pieces are molded in the form of a plate with a format much larger than traditional pavers. The upper part of the concrete slab consists of a noise absorption layer (13) made of porous concrete. On its lower part, the concrete slab is arched inwards so that the peripheral zone receives a higher load, which guarantees a stable position. To divert surface water, the concrete plate is provided with slots (16) vertical on the sides and joined to the absorption layer of porous concrete.

Description

Plattenförmiger Beton-Formstein sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen desselben Slab-shaped concrete block and method and device for producing the same
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft einen plattenförmigen Beton-For - stein zur Abdeckung von Straßen, Wegen und Plätzen.The invention relates to a plate-shaped concrete block for covering streets, paths and squares.
Beton-Formsteine bzw. Pflastersteine sind als Erdreichab¬ deckung für Straßen, Wege und Plätze Schwarzdecken und anderen zusammenhängenden Abdeckungen in vielerlei Hinsicht überlegen. Als nachteilig wird jedoch die Geräuschent¬ wicklung bei rollendem Verkehr (durch Fahrzeuge) empfunden.Concrete shaped blocks or paving stones are superior in many respects to soil coverings for streets, paths and squares, black ceilings and other related covers. However, the development of noise in the case of rolling traffic (from vehicles) is felt to be disadvantageous.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Pflaster¬ stein bzw. Beton-Formstein vorzuschlagen, der bei Aufrecht- erhaltung der Vorteile von Pflastersteinen als Erdreichab¬ deckung die Geräuschentwicklung aufgrund des rollenden Ver¬ kehrs deutlich verringert.The object of the invention is to propose a paving stone or shaped concrete block which, while maintaining the advantages of paving stones as a ground cover, significantly reduces the noise development due to the rolling traffic.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist der erfindungsgemäße, platten¬ förmige Beton-Formstein durch folgende Merkmale gekenn¬ zeichnet:To achieve this object, the slab-shaped shaped concrete block according to the invention is characterized by the following features:
a) eine schallabsorbierende Absorptionsschicht 13 aus porigem Beton ist auf einem Steinkörper 12 ausa) a sound absorbing absorption layer 13 made of porous concrete is on a stone body 12
(Schwer- )Beton angeordnet,Arranged (heavy) concrete,
b) die Oberseite der Absorptionsschicht 13 ist eben, die Unterseite und entsprechend die Oberseite des Steinkörpers 12 ist gewölbt ausgebildet mit größererb) the top of the absorption layer 13 is flat, the bottom and, accordingly, the top of the stone body 12 is curved with a larger
Dicke der Absorptionsschicht 13 an Steinrändern, c) der Steinkörper 12 ist an seiner Unterseite mit einer Einwölbung 18 versehen, derart, daß der Beton-Formstein an den Steinrändern mit größerer Höhe ausgebildet ist.Thickness of the absorption layer 13 on stone edges, c) the stone body 12 is provided on its underside with a bulge 18, such that the shaped concrete block is formed at the stone edges with a greater height.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß eine merk¬ liche Reduzierung der Geräuschentwicklung bei rollendem Ver¬ kehr durch das Zusammenwirken mehrerer Merkmale bei der Gestaltung der Pflastersteine bzw. Beton-Formsteine und der daraus hergestellten Erdreichabdeckung erreicht werden kann.The invention is based on the knowledge that a noticeable reduction in the development of noise during rolling traffic can be achieved by the interaction of several features in the design of the paving stones or shaped concrete blocks and the soil cover produced therefrom.
Ein beträchtlicher Beitrag zur Schallabsorption wird durch den oberen Querschnittsbereich des Beton-Formsteins er- reicht, nämlich durch die Absorptionsschicht aus porigem Beton. Pflastersteine mit einer Auflage aus porigem Beton sind grundsätzlich bekannt. Bei diesem Stand der Technik dient die Abdeckschicht aus porigem Beton jedoch zur Ab¬ leitung von Oberflächenwasser. Die schallabsorbierende Wirkung des porigen Betons ist bisher nicht erkannt worden.A significant contribution to sound absorption is made by the upper cross-sectional area of the concrete block, namely by the absorption layer made of porous concrete. Paving stones with a layer of porous concrete are generally known. In this prior art, however, the covering layer made of porous concrete is used to drain surface water. The sound-absorbing effect of the porous concrete has not yet been recognized.
Nach den der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Erkenntnissen sind die Beton-Formsteine mit einem größeren Format ausgebildet, nämlich plattenförmig. Abmessungen mit einer Kantenlänge von mindestens 30 cm, insbesondere quadratische Beton-Form¬ steine mit einer Kantenlänge von 33 cm, haben sich als vorteilhaft für die Geräuschreduzierung ergeben. Um bei diesen größeren Beton-Formsteinen zur Erdreichabdeckung das Oberflächenwasser ausreichend abzuleiten, ist erfindungsge- maß die aus porigem Beton bestehende Absorptionsschicht an der Unterseite mit einer Wölbung ausgebildet, so daß das Oberflächenwasser zu den Seiten des Beton-Formsteins ab¬ laufen kann.According to the knowledge on which the invention is based, the shaped concrete blocks are designed with a larger format, namely plate-shaped. Dimensions with an edge length of at least 30 cm, in particular square concrete shaped blocks with an edge length of 33 cm, have been found to be advantageous for noise reduction. In order to adequately drain off the surface water in these larger concrete blocks for covering the ground, according to the invention the porous concrete absorption layer is formed on the underside with a curvature so that the surface water can run off to the sides of the concrete block.
Wegen der größeren Abmessung der plattenförmigen Beton-Form¬ steine ist auch eine besondere Ausbildung der Unterseite derselben erforderlich, nämlich mit einer Einwölbung. Dadurch ergibt sich eine bessere Lastverteilung auf den Untergrund. Die Randbereiche des Beton-Formsteins sind durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung an der Unterseite höher belastet. Dadurch ergibt sich auch auf längere Dauer eine stabile Lage der Formsteine.Because of the larger size of the plate-shaped concrete blocks, a special design of the underside of the same is also necessary, namely with an arch. This results in a better load distribution on the ground. The edge areas of the concrete block are more heavily loaded on the underside by the inventive design. This results in a stable position of the shaped stones even over a longer period.
Zur weiteren Geräuschminderung ist vorgesehen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Beton-Formsteine mit sehr geringen Ab¬ ständen voneinander, also mit sehr engen Fugen, verlegt werden. Dadurch ist die Ableitung des Oberflächenwassers erschwert. Erfindungsgemäß sind deshalb die Beton-Form¬ steine mit aufrechten Wasserableitungskanälen, nämlich Schlitzen, an den Seitenflächen versehen. Diese erstrecken sich unmittelbar unterhalb der Absorptionsschicht, so daß das Oberflächenwasser von dieser in die aufrechten Schlitze und dann in den Untergrund gelangt.To further reduce noise, it is provided that the concrete shaped blocks according to the invention are laid with very small distances from one another, that is to say with very narrow joints. This makes it difficult to drain the surface water. According to the invention, the concrete blocks are therefore provided with upright water drainage channels, namely slots, on the side surfaces. These extend immediately below the absorption layer, so that the surface water reaches the upright slots and then the underground.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung beziehen sich auf Aus¬ bildungsdetails des Beton-Formsteins sowie auf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen desselben.Further features of the invention relate to training details of the shaped concrete block and to a method and device for producing the same.
Ausführungsbeispiele, aus denen sich weitere erfinderische Merkmale ergeben, sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:Exemplary embodiments from which further inventive features result are shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen erfindungsge¬ mäßen Pflasterstein,1 shows a vertical section through a paving stone according to the invention,
Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht des Pflastersteins gemäß Fig. 1,2 is a side view of the paving stone of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf den Pflasterstein gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2,3 is a plan view of the paving stone according to FIGS. 1 and 2,
Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Fertigungs anläge zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Pflastersteins gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3, Fig. 5 einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine aus erfindungs¬ gemäßen Pflastersteinen gemäß Fig. 1 gefertigte Straßendecke ,4 is a schematic side view of a manufacturing plant for producing a paving stone according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 3, 5 shows a vertical section through a pavement made from paving stones according to the invention according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 6 einen Vertikalschnitt entsprechend der Fig. 5 durch eine herkömmliche Pflasterdecke undFig. 6 is a vertical section corresponding to FIG. 5 through a conventional pavement and
Fig. 7 eine Pflasterdecke gemäß Fig. 6 bei Belastung durch Straßenverkehr.Fig. 7 is a pavement according to Fig. 6 when loaded by road traffic.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Formstein 11, aus Beton im Vertikal schnitt.Fig. 1 shows a shaped block 11 according to the invention, cut from concrete in vertical.
Der Formstein 11 besteht aus zwei Schichten, von denen die erste Schicht der eigentliche Steinkörper 12 ist, auf dem die zweite Schicht, eine Absorptionsschicht 13, die schall¬ absorptionsfähig ist, aufgebracht ist.The shaped stone 11 consists of two layers, of which the first layer is the actual stone body 12, on which the second layer, an absorption layer 13, which is sound-absorbent, is applied.
Die Absorptionsschicht 13 weist eine glatte Oberseite 14 auf, die bei einer Pflasterdecke aus Formsteinen 11 Bestand¬ teil der Fahrbahnoberfläche ist. Da die Oberseite 14 glatt ist, wird das Rollgeräusch auf dem Formstein 11 vermindert. Die Oberseite 14 ist scharfkantig ausgebildet, an den Kanten der Oberseite 14 sind also keine Fasen vorgesehen.The absorption layer 13 has a smooth upper side 14 which is part of the road surface in the case of a paving slab made of shaped stones 11. Since the top 14 is smooth, the rolling noise on the stone 11 is reduced. The top 14 is formed with sharp edges, so no bevels are provided on the edges of the top 14.
Die Absorptionsschicht 13 ist porig ausgebildet. Hierzu weist die Absorptionsschicht 13 vorzugsweise eine Körnung von 4 mm bis 8 mm auf. Diese Körnung ist zementgebunden. Die Bindung kann aber durch zusätzliche Bindemittel, wie z.B. Kunststoff, vorzugsweise Polymere, oder Silikat, verstärkt sein.The absorption layer 13 is porous. For this purpose, the absorption layer 13 preferably has a grain size of 4 mm to 8 mm. This grain is cement-bound. However, the binding can be achieved by additional binders, e.g. Plastic, preferably polymers, or silicate, be reinforced.
In die Absorptionsschicht 13 könnte Regenwasser oder andere Flüssigkeiten eindringen. Zum Abfluß dieser Flüssigkeiten aus der Absorptioπsschicht 13 ist die Oberseite 15 desRainwater or other liquids could penetrate into the absorption layer 13. To drain these liquids from the Absorptioπsschicht 13 is the top 15 of
Steinkörpers 12, auf der die Absorptionsschicht 13 aufge- bracht ist, konvex ausgebildet. Sie weist also eine Kuppel¬ form auf, so daß Wasser oder andere Flüssigkeiten auf dieser Oberseite 15 von der Mitte zu den Rändern hin ab¬ fließen. In seinen Randbereichen weist der Formstein 11 in die Seitenfläche eingebrachte, vertikale Schlitze 16 auf, durch die die Flüssigkeit von der Oberseite 15 des Stein¬ körpers 12 zur Unterseite des Formsteins 11 abfließen kann und dann im Boden versickern kann.Stone body 12 on which the absorption layer 13 is applied. is convex. It therefore has a dome shape, so that water or other liquids flow off on this top 15 from the center to the edges. In its edge areas, the shaped block 11 has vertical slots 16, which are introduced into the side surface and through which the liquid can flow from the top 15 of the stone body 12 to the underside of the shaped block 11 and can then seep into the ground.
Die Schlitze 16 erstrecken sich nur von der Unterseite 17 des Formsteins 11 bis zur Absorptionsschicht 13, verlaufen also nicht durch die Absorptionsschicht 13 hindurch. Hier¬ durch wird erreicht, daß die Kanten der Oberseite 14 um¬ laufend scharfkantig bleiben, also keine Öffnungen in den Randbereichen der Oberseite 14 vorhanden sind. Somit können Pflastersteine zur Bildung einer Straßendecke engfugig bzw. nahezu lückenlos aneinanderstoßen, wodurch sich eine nahezu fugenlose Fahrbahnfläche ergibt, auf der die Rollgeräusche des Verkehrs minimiert sind.The slots 16 only extend from the underside 17 of the shaped block 11 to the absorption layer 13, and therefore do not run through the absorption layer 13. This ensures that the edges of the upper side 14 remain sharp all the way around, that is to say there are no openings in the edge regions of the upper side 14. Thus, paving stones to form a road surface can meet closely or almost completely, resulting in an almost seamless road surface on which the rolling noise of traffic is minimized.
Der Formstein 11 ist in der Fig. 1 zwar etwas gedrungen dargestellt, er wird aber vorzugsweise möglichst gro߬ flächig, plattenförmig ausgebildet. Als günstig haben sich Formsteine 11 erwiesen, deren Kantenlänge (im Grundriß) mindestens 30 cm beträgt. Optimale Ergebnisse werden bei einem Formstein 11 erreicht, der quadratisch ausgebildet ist mit einer Kantenlänge von 33 cm. Zur Erzielung einer optimalen Auflage des Formsteins 11 auf einem Pflastergrund weist der Formstein 11 an seiner Unterseite 17 eine konkave Einwölbung 18 auf. In den Randbereichen der Unterseite 17 sind umlaufende Fasen 19 ausgebildet, die relativ steil ausgebildet sind.The molded block 11 is shown somewhat compactly in FIG. 1, but it is preferably formed as large as possible in a plate-like manner. Shaped stones 11 have proven to be favorable, the edge length (in plan) being at least 30 cm. Optimal results are achieved with a shaped block 11 which is square with an edge length of 33 cm. In order to achieve an optimal support of the shaped stone 11 on a pavement base, the shaped stone 11 has a concave arch 18 on its underside 17. In the edge areas of the underside 17, peripheral bevels 19 are formed, which are relatively steep.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Formsteins 11 gemäß Fig. 1. Gleiche Bauelemente sind in der Fig. 2 wie auch in den übrigen Figuren, mit den gleichen Bezugszahlen bezeichnet wie in Fig. 1. Aus der Fig. 2 ist insbesondere noch einmal die Ausbildung der Schlitze 16 aus einer anderen Sicht zu ersehen.FIG. 2 shows a side view of the shaped block 11 according to the invention according to FIG. 1. The same components are identified in FIG. 2 as in the other figures, with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1. From FIG. 2, the formation of the slots 16 can be seen in particular from a different perspective.
Die Fig. 3 zeigt den Formstein 11 gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 in der Draufsicht. Die porige Oberseite 14 ist in der Fig. 3 der Deutlichkeit halber nur in einem Eckbereich gepunktet angedeutet. Aus der Fig. 3 ist die Anordnung der Schlitze 16 an den Seitenflächen des Formsteins 11 entnehmbar.3 shows the shaped block 11 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a top view. For the sake of clarity, the porous upper side 14 is only indicated by dots in a corner region. The arrangement of the slots 16 on the side surfaces of the shaped block 11 can be seen from FIG. 3.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Fertigungsanlage zur Herstellung von Formsteinen 11 gemäß den Fig. 1 und 3 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht.FIG. 4 shows a manufacturing plant for the production of shaped blocks 11 according to FIGS. 1 and 3 in a schematic side view.
Die Fertigungsanlage umfaßt einen Rütteltisch 20, auf dem ein Formkasten 21 mit Formen 22 zur Ausformung von erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Formsteinen 11 angeordnet ist. Dieser Form¬ kasten 21 ist mit dem Rütteltisch 20, wie mit einem Doppel¬ pfeil angedeutet, in einer Auf- und Abbewegung rüttelbar.The production system comprises a vibrating table 20 on which a molding box 21 with molds 22 for shaping molded blocks 11 according to the invention is arranged. This shaped box 21 can be shaken in an up and down movement with the vibrating table 20, as indicated by a double arrow.
Weiter umfaßt die Fertigungsanlage zwei auf Schienen 23 ver¬ fahrbare Füllwagen 24a, b, in denen die beiden Einfügungen zur Herstellung der beiden Schichten 13 und 12 eines Formsteins 11 bevorratet sind. Wenigstens der die Vor- satzeinfül lung zur Fertigung der Absorptionsschicht 13 auf¬ nehmende Füllwagen 24a verfügt über eine Dosiereinrichtung zur dosierten Eiπfüllung von Vorsatzfüllungen zur Bildung von Absorptionsschichten 13 in die Formen 22.The production system further comprises two filling cars 24a, b which can be moved on rails 23 and in which the two inserts for producing the two layers 13 and 12 of a shaped block 11 are stored. At least the filling car 24a which receives the prefill for the manufacture of the absorption layer 13 has a metering device for the metered filling of prefill fillings for forming absorption layers 13 in the molds 22.
Über dem Rütteltisch 20 sind in die Formen 22 absenkbare Formenstempel 25 angeordnet. Die Formenstempel 25 sind von einer Traverse 26 abgehängt und können beispielsweise hydraulisch auf- und abbewegt werden.Above the vibrating table 20, mold dies 25 which can be lowered into the molds 22 are arranged. The mold stamps 25 are suspended from a crossmember 26 and can be moved up and down hydraulically, for example.
Zur Herstellung von Formsteinen 11 mit der Fertigungsanlage wird zunächst eine Vorsatzeinfüllung in die Formen 22 eingefüllt und durch Absenken der Formenstempel 25 in die Formen 22 zu Absorptionsschichten 13 ausgeformt. Danach wird die Kerneinfüllung zur Bildung von Steinkörpern 12 in die Formen 22 eingefüllt. Diese werden dann durch Absenken der Formenstempel 25 ebenfalls ausgeformt und durch Rütteln mit dem Rütteltisch 20 verdichtet.For the production of molded blocks 11 with the production system, a header filling is first filled into the molds 22 and by lowering the mold stamp 25 into the mold Molds 22 formed into absorption layers 13. The core filling is then filled into the molds 22 to form stone bodies 12. These are then also shaped by lowering the die 25 and compressed by shaking with the shaking table 20.
In den Formen 22 werden die Formsteine 11 somit mit ihrer Oberseite 14 nach unten hergestellt. Die Ausbildung einer scharfkantigen Oberseite 14 ist gewährleistet.In the molds 22, the shaped stones 11 are thus produced with their top 14 downward. The formation of a sharp-edged top 14 is guaranteed.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine aus erfindungsgemäßen Formsteinen 11 gefertigte Straßendecke 27 in einem Vertikalschnitt.5 shows a road surface 27 made from shaped stones 11 according to the invention in a vertical section.
In der Fig. 5 ist erkennbar, wie das Material 28 eines Pflastergrundes in die Einwölbungen 18 der Formsteine 11 und in die Fugen 29 zwischen zwei Formsteinen 11 eindringt. Die Fugen 29 zwischen zwei Formsteiren 11 sind in der Darstellung der Fig. 5 aus darstellerischen Gründen über¬ trieben breit angedeutet. Die erfindungsgemäßen Formsteine 11 können wesentlich engfugiger aneinander verlegt werden.In FIG. 5 it can be seen how the material 28 of a paving base penetrates into the convexities 18 of the shaped blocks 11 and into the joints 29 between two shaped blocks 11. The joints 29 between two blocks 11 are exaggerated in the illustration of FIG. 5 for illustrative reasons. The shaped blocks 11 according to the invention can be laid much closer together.
Aufgrund ihrer speziell ausgebildeten Unterseite 17 haben die Formsteine 11 eine besonders feste Lage auf dem Material 28 des Pflastergrundes. Insbesondere die Randbe- reiche der Unterseite 17 zwischen den Fasen 19 und der Ein¬ wölbung 18 liegen fest auf dem Material 29 auf.Because of their specially designed underside 17, the shaped stones 11 have a particularly firm position on the material 28 of the paving base. In particular, the edge areas of the underside 17 between the chamfers 19 and the bulge 18 lie firmly on the material 29.
Unter der Darstellung der Straßendecke 27 in der Fig. 5 ist der Druckverlauf angedeutet, d.h., der Druck P, mit dem die einzelnen Bereiche der Unterseiten 17 der Formsteine 11 über eine Ortskoordinate X auf dem Material 29 aufliegen.5 shows the pressure curve, i.e. the pressure P with which the individual areas of the undersides 17 of the shaped blocks 11 rest on the material 29 via a location coordinate X.
Im Vergleich dazu, ist in der Fig. 6 ein Vertikal schnitt durch eine herkömmliche Straßendecke 30 dargestellt worden. Diese Straßendecke 30 besteht aus herkömmlichen Pflaster¬ steinen 31. Unter der Darstellung der herkömmlichen Straßendecke 30 der Fig. 6 ist der Druckverlauf P-X der herkömmlichen Straßen¬ decke 30 angedeutet worden. Es ist erkennbar, daß die her¬ kömmlichen Pflastersteine 31 mit ihren mittleren Bereichen mit dem höchsten Druck auf dem Material 32 eines Pflaster¬ grundes aufliegen. Dies führt dazu, daß die herkömmlichen Pflastersteine 31 bei Belastung durch Straßenverkehr in eine Wippbewegung versetzt werden, wie dies in der Fig. 7 angedeutet worden ist. Dabei wird Material 32 von den Rand- bereichen der Unterseiten der Pflastersteine 31 zum Teil zur Mitte unter die Pflastersteine 31 gedrückt und zum Teil durch die Fugen 33 zwischen den Pflastersteinen 31 hochge¬ pumpt. Hierdurch wird der in Fig. 6 angedeutete Druckver¬ lauf noch extremer, so daß der in Fig. 7 angedeutete Wippeffekt immer schlimmer wird und die Pflastersteine immer mehr ihren Halt verlieren. Derartig wippende Pflaster¬ steine 31 verstärken sogar noch das Fahrgeräusch der Fahr¬ zeuge.In comparison, a vertical section through a conventional road surface 30 has been shown in FIG. 6. This road surface 30 consists of conventional paving stones 31. The pressure curve PX of the conventional road surface 30 has been indicated by the representation of the conventional road surface 30 in FIG. 6. It can be seen that the conventional paving stones 31 lie with their central areas with the highest pressure on the material 32 of a paving base. This leads to the fact that the conventional paving stones 31 are set into a rocking movement when subjected to traffic, as has been indicated in FIG. 7. In this case, material 32 is pressed from the edge regions of the undersides of the paving stones 31 partly under the paving stones 31 to the center and partly pumped up through the joints 33 between the paving stones 31. As a result, the pressure curve indicated in FIG. 6 becomes even more extreme, so that the rocking effect indicated in FIG. 7 becomes worse and the paving stones lose their hold more and more. Such rocking paving stones 31 even amplify the driving noise of the vehicles.
In der Fig. 7 ist mit der Bezugsziffer 34 ein angedeutetes Rad eines Kraftfahrzeugs bezeichnet worden.7, an indicated wheel of a motor vehicle has been designated with the reference number 34.
Außerdem ist den Fig. 6 und 7 entnehmbar, daß die her¬ kömmlichen Pflastersteine 31 in den Kantenbereichen ihrer Oberseiten Fasen 35 aufweisen, die die Fugen 33 verbreitern und so ebenfalls das Fahrgeräusch der Fahrzeuge vergrößern. 6 and 7 that the conventional paving stones 31 have chamfers 35 in the edge regions of their upper sides, which broaden the joints 33 and thus likewise increase the driving noise of the vehicles.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Plattenför iger Beton-Formstein zur Abdeckung von Straßen, Wegen und Plätzen, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h folgende Merkmale zur Verminderung und Absorption von Schall aufgrund rollenden Verkehrs:1. Slab-shaped concrete block to cover streets, paths and squares, the following features for reducing and absorbing sound due to rolling traffic:
a) eine schallabsorbierende Absorptionsschicht (13) aus porigem Beton ist auf einem Steinkörper (12) aus (Schwer- )Beton angeordnet,a) a sound-absorbing absorption layer (13) made of porous concrete is arranged on a stone body (12) made of (heavy) concrete,
b) die Oberseite der Absorptionsschicht (13) ist eben, die Unterseite und entsprechend die Oberseite des Steinkörpers (12) ist gewölbt ausgebildet mit größerer Dicke der Absorptionsschicht (13) an Stein¬ rändern,b) the upper side of the absorption layer (13) is flat, the lower side and correspondingly the upper side of the stone body (12) is arched with a greater thickness of the absorption layer (13) on stone edges,
c) der Steinkörper (12) ist an seiner Unterseite mit einer Einwölbung (18) versehen, derart, daß derc) the stone body (12) is provided on its underside with a bulge (18) such that the
Beton-Formstein an den Steinrändern mit größerer Höhe ausgebildet ist.Concrete form stone is formed at the stone edges with greater height.
2. Beton-Formstein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Absorptionsschicht (13) eine Körnung von etwa 4 mm bis 8 mm aufweist.2. Concrete block according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the absorption layer (13) has a grain size of about 4 mm to 8 mm.
3. Beton-Formstein nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die " Kantenlänge desselben mindestens ι 30 cm beträgt, vorzugsweise 33 cm im Quadrat und daß die Absorptionsschicht (13) etwa 30 mm dick ist.3. Concrete stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized ge indicates that the "edge length of the same at least ι is 30 cm, preferably 33 cm square and that the absorption layer (13) is about 30 mm thick.
4. Beton-Formstein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- 5 zeichnet, daß die Absorptionsschicht (13) an der Unterseite sphärisch gewölbt ist bei konvexer Ausbildung der Oberseite des Steinkörpers (12).4. Shaped concrete block according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption layer (13) is spherically curved on the underside with a convex design of the top of the stone body (12).
5. Beton-Formstein nach Anspruch 1 sowie einem oder 0 mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Wasserableitung Seitenflächen des Formsteins (11) seitlich offene, etwa aufrecht verlaufende Schlitze (16) aufweisen, die sich von der Unterseite der Absorptions¬ schicht (13) bis zur Unterseite (17) des Formsteins (11) 5 erstrecken.5. Concrete shaped block according to claim 1 and one or 0 more of the further claims, characterized in that for water drainage side surfaces of the shaped block (11) have laterally open, approximately upright slots (16) which are from the bottom of the Absorptions¬ layer (13) to the underside (17) of the shaped block (11) 5.
6. Formstein nach Anspruch 1 sowie einem oder mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kanten an der Unterseite (17) des Formsteins (12) ringsherum 0 laufende Fasen (19) aufweisen.6. Shaped stone according to claim 1 and one or more of the further claims, characterized in that edges on the underside (17) of the shaped stone (12) around 0 chamfers (19).
7. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Beton-Formsteinen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Formstein (11) mit seiner Oberseite (14) 5 nach unten in einer Form (22) ausgeformt wird, wobei zunächst eine Vorsatzeinfüllung zur Bildung der Absorptions¬ schicht (13) und daraus eine Kerneinfüllung zur Bildung des Steinkörpers (12) in die Form (22) eingefüllt wird.7. A method for producing shaped concrete blocks according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the shaped block (11) with its upper side (14) 5 is molded down into a mold (22), initially an attachment filling for forming the absorption layer (13) and from it a core filling for forming the stone body (12) is filled into the mold (22).
0 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorsatzeinfüllung in der Form (22) vor der Ein- füllung der Kernfüllung geformt wird, insbesondere an der dem Steinkörper (12) zugekehrten, nach oben weisenden Unter¬ seite der Absorptionsschicht (13) durch einen entsprechend 5 ausgebildeten Formenstempel (25), der in die Form (22) abge¬ senkt wird. ι8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the header filling is formed in the mold (22) before the core filling is filled, in particular on the stone body (12) facing upward-facing underside of the absorption layer (13 ) by means of a correspondingly designed mold stamp (25) which is lowered into the mold (22). ι
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Kernschicht (Steinkörper 12) durch einen Formenstempel (25) ausgeformt wird, der in die Form (22) ab¬ gesenkt wird und daß nach dem Absenken des Formenstempels (25) die Einfüllung der Form (22) durch Rütteln verdichtet wird.9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the core layer (stone body 12) is formed by a mold stamp (25), which is lowered into the mold (22) ab¬ and that after lowering the mold stamp (25th ) the filling of the mold (22) is compacted by shaking.
10. Anlage zum Herstellen von Beton-Formsteinen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7 bis 9, gekenn¬ zeichnet durch einen Tisch, auf dem ein oder mehrere Formen (22) zur Formung von Pflastersteinen (11) anordbar sind und durch Vorratsbehälter für eine Vorsatzeinfüllung und für eine Kerneinfüllung, aus denen die Einfügungen zur Aus- bildung eines zweischichtigen Pflastersteins (11) in die Formen (22) einfüllbar sind. 10. Plant for the production of concrete blocks according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 7 to 9, gekenn¬ characterized by a table on which one or more molds (22) for forming paving stones (11) can be arranged and by means of storage containers for a header filling and for a core filling, from which the inserts for forming a two-layer paving stone (11) can be filled into the molds (22).
EP90914694A 1989-10-06 1990-10-05 Slab-like concrete block, as well as process and device for manufacturing the latter Expired - Lifetime EP0494919B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3933413A DE3933413A1 (en) 1989-10-06 1989-10-06 PAVING STONE, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND PRODUCTION SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD, preferably A CONCRETE PAVING STONE, ESPECIALLY FOR PAVING A STREET
DE3933413 1989-10-06
PCT/EP1990/001672 WO1991005111A1 (en) 1989-10-06 1990-10-05 Slab-like concrete block, as well as process and device for manufacturing the latter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0494919A1 true EP0494919A1 (en) 1992-07-22
EP0494919B1 EP0494919B1 (en) 1994-05-18

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EP (1) EP0494919B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05502919A (en)
AT (1) ATE105887T1 (en)
AU (1) AU638498B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2067332A1 (en)
DE (2) DE3933413A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0494919T3 (en)
FI (1) FI921483A (en)
NO (1) NO921316D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1991005111A1 (en)

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EP0494919B1 (en) 1994-05-18
NO921316L (en) 1992-04-03
ATE105887T1 (en) 1994-06-15
JPH05502919A (en) 1993-05-20
CA2067332A1 (en) 1991-04-07
FI921483A0 (en) 1992-04-03
DE59005771D1 (en) 1994-06-23
AU638498B2 (en) 1993-07-01
US5281048A (en) 1994-01-25
FI921483A (en) 1992-04-03
WO1991005111A1 (en) 1991-04-18
DK0494919T3 (en) 1994-09-26
DE3933413A1 (en) 1991-04-11
NO921316D0 (en) 1992-04-03
AU6502990A (en) 1991-04-28

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