EP0491602A1 - Device for press-forming sheet materials and especially metal blanks - Google Patents

Device for press-forming sheet materials and especially metal blanks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0491602A1
EP0491602A1 EP91403373A EP91403373A EP0491602A1 EP 0491602 A1 EP0491602 A1 EP 0491602A1 EP 91403373 A EP91403373 A EP 91403373A EP 91403373 A EP91403373 A EP 91403373A EP 0491602 A1 EP0491602 A1 EP 0491602A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cushion
blank holder
elastic
sheet
lower blank
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Granted
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EP91403373A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0491602B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Dittlo
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Isoform SNC
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Isoform SNC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular blanks of thin or extra-thin sheet metal.
  • This conventional device does not allow stamping of thin or extra-thin sheets, because the rigidity of the matrix as well as the tightening of the sheet by the blank holder generate non-homogeneous deformations resulting in some areas by lengthening likely cause excessive thinning and in other areas by shrinking tends to cause thickening of the sheet blank, which lead to the formation of folds.
  • the sheet metal to be formed is placed on the cushion of elastic material, a blank clamp is applied to the peripheral part of the sheet blank using an external slider so as to compress the periphery of the cushion and deforming the central part of said sheet blank giving it, at the end of the preforming step, a surface substantially equal to the surface of the finished part to be obtained, then applied using a central slide acting by a punch on the central part of the sheet blank to conform the part to its final shape.
  • This process allows the stamping of a sheet material, in particular of a material with low elongation, which can in particular be a metal sheet, for example of steel.
  • the cushion of elastic material is described as consisting of a substantially parallelepiped mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness.
  • the sheet is not sufficiently maintained in the area under the blank holder, that is to say between the blank holder and the cushion of elastic material which does not does not in itself have sufficient rigidity.
  • a device for stamping sheet materials in particular sheet metal blanks comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in a retention tank, means for preforming the blank sheet metal formed by an external slide carrying an upper blank holder, and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank formed by a central slide acting on a punch.
  • This device also includes a lower blank holder formed by a support and holding member for at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the cushion and cooperating with the upper blank holder to tighten at least in localized areas. the sheet metal blank.
  • the lower blank holder enters the retention tank and compresses the cushion of elastic material by reaction.
  • the cushion under the effect of this peripheral compression action acts on the central area of the sheet blank and causes the forming of said blank.
  • the angular zones formed in particular by the angles of the lower blank holder cause each sliding of said blank holder to pinch and laminate the elastic material of the cushion with the walls of the retention tank so well that after a certain number of shaping of sheet blanks, the cushion degrades which is detrimental for the production of parts in large series.
  • the device comprises a member for regulating the movement of the bottom of the retention tank to absorb the excess volume of the cushion relative to that determined by the surface of the finished part to be obtained, as described in FR-A-2 641 217.
  • the suction effect is all the more important the greater the ratio of the surface of the cushion to the surface of the part.
  • the cushion When the volume of deformation of the sheet blank is large, the cushion is subjected to large deformations and high pressures so that the deformation radii of the sheet blank are limited and too large for certain applications.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and to improve the efficiency and longevity of the cushion of elastic material for obtaining deep-drawn parts in large series such as automobile parts, the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but have complex shapes which cannot be developed and of variable dimensions for the same tool frame comprising in particular a fixed volume tray.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet blanks comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in an enclosure, means for forming the sheet blank consisting of a matrix, the peripheral part of which forms a greenhouse. - upper blank, and a lower blank holder forming a support and holding member for at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the cushion of elastic material and cooperating with the upper blank holder to tighten at least localized areas said sheet blank, characterized in that the lower blank holder is supported on a sliding element disposed around the lateral faces of the cushion of elastic material.
  • the stamping device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an enclosure 1 which constitutes a housing for a cushion 2 made of an elastic material.
  • the enclosure 1 rests on a press table 9 while the cushion 2 rests on a support plate 3.
  • This means can be constituted for example by springs 4 or by a jack.
  • the underside of the cushion 2 in contact with the support plate 3 is provided with an incompressible elastic sole 5 of Shore hardness greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion.
  • This elastic sole can have the shape of a ring.
  • the upper face and the lateral faces of the cushion 2 are coated with a skin 6 made of an elastic material which may possibly be anti-friction.
  • a lower peripheral blank holder 7 constituted by a frame, for example with a closed contour and which substantially matches the shape of the internal housing of the enclosure 1 so as to be able to penetrate said housing at the time the forming of the part.
  • the lower blank holder 7 is also supported on a sliding element, for example vertically formed by a peripheral jacket 8 disposed between the side faces of the cushion 2 and the side walls 1b of the enclosure 1.
  • the lower blank holder 7 and the jacket 8 are interconnected by suitable means, not shown, and the assembly constituted by this lower blank holder 7 and this jacket 8 as well as by the cushion 2 and the support plate 3 slides. inside the internal housing of enclosure 1.
  • the lower blank holder 7 and the jacket 8 are subjected to a restoring force by at least one elastic member 13 constituted for example by springs interposed between said jacket 8 and the bottom 1a of the enclosure 1.
  • the stamping device comprises a matrix 10 on which a slide 12 of a press acts.
  • the lower part 11 of the matrix 10 constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder.
  • the underside of the matrix 10 has an imprint 10a (Fig. 2) corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.
  • the lower blank holder 7 and the upper blank holder 11 have external dimensions smaller than the outline of the housing of the enclosure 1 so as to provide at least one space 17 for the passage of air between a sheet blank 20 placed on said lower blank holder, the cushion 2 and the outside by means of at least one small duct 18 formed in the lower blank holder 7.
  • the sheet blank 20 is formed in the following manner.
  • the sheet blank 20 is placed on the lower blank holder 7, then the die 10 and the slider 12 descend progressively.
  • the upper blank holder 11 comes into contact with the sheet blank 20 whose peripheral part is progressively clamped between said upper blank holder 11 and the lower blank holder 7.
  • the progressive descent of the slide 12 and the matrix 10 drives the assembly: upper blank holder 11, lower blank holder 7 and the peripheral jacket 8 and simultaneously causes compression by reaction of the cushion 2.
  • the cushion 2 under the effect of this peripheral compression action acts by creep on the central area of the sheet blank 20 and causes the forming of said blank.
  • the springs 4 regulate the movement of the support plate 3 and therefore regulate the pressure generated in the cushion 2 during the forming of the part.
  • the sole 5 also prevents the cushion 2 from rolling in its lower part.
  • the springs 13 regulate the movement of the lower blank holder 7 and of the jacket 8, caused by the slide 12.
  • the step of releasing the finished part is carried out by the simultaneous ascent of the slide 12 and of the matrix 10.
  • the conduits 18 are connected to pressurized air inlets to reduce the suction effect and allow a rate of at least twenty strokes per minute, ensuring an air flow of at least twice the room volume every second.
  • the air supply is cut off when the cushion 2 returns to its equilibrium position.
  • This air inlet is preferably located at the shallower depth of the stamped part.
  • the vertically sliding element disposed around the lateral faces of the cushion 2 is constituted directly by the lateral walls 30 of the enclosure 1 on which the lower blank holder 7 is supported.
  • the side walls 30 cooperate with a member 31 for regulating the movement of these walls 30 and of the lower blank holder 7.
  • This regulating member 31 is formed for example by a spring system or a jack.
  • the cushion 2 rests, by means of the sole 5, on a support plate 32 which is itself supported on a base 33 also serving as support for the member 31 for regulating the movement of the walls 30 and the blank holder lower 7.
  • This lower blank holder 7 also comprises air inlet ducts 18 between the sheet blank 20 and the cushion 2 and is secured to the walls 30 by suitable means, not shown.
  • the support plate 32 also serves as a guide for the walls 30 when they slide.
  • the side walls and the lower blank holder form a single piece 40 comprising a lower peripheral ring 40a bearing on the member 31 for regulating the displacement and an upper plate 40b forming the lower blank holder and ensuring the support of the blank sheet metal 20.
  • the upper plate 40b also includes air inlet ducts 18 between the sheet metal blank 20 and the cushion 2.
  • the cushion 2 has on its upper face and between the lower blank holder an elastic element 50 for forming the sheet blank 20 and whose Shore hardness is greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion 2.
  • the elastic forming element 50 may consist of at least two layers of different thickness and hardness.
  • the elastic forming element 50 can also be interchangeable.
  • the elastic forming element 50 comprises means of connection with the cushion 2 in a localized area of the upper face of said cushion.
  • These connecting means are constituted by at least one rivet 51 comprising two flat heads of small thickness and large area or by at least one nail comprising a flat head.
  • the elastic forming element 50 can also be glued to the upper side of cushion 2.
  • the elastic element 50 makes it possible to avoid subjecting said cushion to large deformations and to high pressures and to obtaining a marking of the details, in particular of small radii.
  • this elastic element 50 can have any shape such as for example that of the blank or the finished part to be obtained.
  • the elastic forming element 50 undergoes a very low elongation and a sliding is essential between this element and the skin 6 of the cushion 2.
  • the elastic forming element 50 can be located in at least one angular zone of the cushion 2 and can be made up of different pieces of different hardness.
  • This elastic forming element 50 may comprise, on its face in contact with the cushion 2, a rounding lip of said cushion.
  • the side walls 30 may be covered with an anti-friction material 14 obtained by spraying a suitable product on said walls or consisting of at least one plastic sheet or a rubber sheet, and this in all the embodiments .
  • an interchangeable work mat 15 can be interposed between the skin 6 of the upper face of the cushion 2 and the lower blank holder 7 (Fig. 6) or the upper plate 40b of the piece 40 as in the illustrated variants in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • This work mat 15 made of an elastic material has a Shore hardness substantially equal to the Shore hardness of the skin 6 of the cushion 2 and can be fixed to the lower blank holder 7 or to the upper plate 40b of the single piece 40.
  • the device comprises an elastic element 50 for forming the sheet blank 20 as shown in FIG. 6, this element 50 is linked to the mat 15 in a localized area by an appropriate means such as for example a rivet 51 or a nail.
  • the work mat 15 can be formed from at least two superimposed layers, possibly locally bonded.
  • At least one of the layers of this work mat can be made of an elastic textile and / or have substantially parallel slots.
  • the anti-friction material 14 placed on the walls 1b or 30 of the enclosure 1 or the walls of the part 40, as well as the work mat 15 can replace the skin 6 of the cushion 2.
  • modular wall elements 60 are interposed between the side walls 1b of the enclosure 1 and the peripheral jacket 8 so as to reduce the suction phenomenon.
  • the modulation of the volume of the enclosure 1 and therefore of the dimensions of the cushion 2 ensures a ratio of the surface of said cushion to the surface of the room next to two, and a control of the suction effect, and this for all dimensions pieces.
  • the modular and interchangeable wall elements 60 are made of an almost incompressible material, such as for example machinable boards for building models.
  • the number of wall elements used allows great freedom of dimension of the enclosure 1 and of the cushion 2 for a single tool and frame.
  • the lower blank holder 7 or the upper plate 40b of the piece 40 can be made of two sheets of machined sheets providing between them an air inlet.
  • One of the plates may be made of an incompressible elastic material.
  • the plate of the lower blank holder 7 or 40b, in contact with the sheet blank 30 may have grooves on its vertical inner face to improve the passage of air towards the upper part of the part to be formed.
  • This lower clamp plate 7 or 40b, in contact with the sheet blank 20 may be made up of an assembly of boards.
  • the lower blank holder may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained.
  • the lower blank holder 7 or the upper plate 40b of the single piece 40 makes it possible, with the upper blank holder 11, to tighten the sheet blank 20 at least in localized areas.
  • the support plate 32 may include an internal recess to contain the cushion 2 or be made in one piece with the base 33.
  • a means of regulating the pressure generated in the cushion 2 during the forming of the part can be interposed between the part support 32 and base 33.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage of significantly reducing any pinching and rolling phenomenon of the cushion and of improving the efficiency and the longevity of this cushion for large series stampings.

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is a device for press-forming sheet materials, especially metal blanks (20), comprising a pad (2) made from an elastic material housed in an enclosure (1), means for forming the metal blank which consist of a die (10) whose peripheral part forms an upper blank holder (11), and a lower blank holder (7) forming a support and holding member of at least one part of the metal blank (20) placed directly over the pad (2) made from elastic material and interacting with the upper blank holder (11) in order to grip the metal blank at least in localised zones. <??>The lower blank holder (7) bears on a sliding element (8) arranged around the lateral faces of the pad (2) made from an elastic material. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille, notamment de flans de tôle mince ou extra-mince.The subject of the present invention is a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular blanks of thin or extra-thin sheet metal.

On sait que l'emboutissage de flans de tôle se fait généralement avec des presses qui comportent des moyens de formage du flan de tôle constitués, d'une part, par une matrice dont la partie périphérique forme un serre-flan et, d'autre part, par un autre serre-flan entourant un poinçon.It is known that the stamping of sheet metal blanks is generally done with presses which include means for forming the sheet blank, formed, on the one hand, by a matrix whose peripheral part forms a blank holder and, on the other hand part, by another blank holder surrounding a punch.

Ce dispositif classique ne permet pas l'emboutissage de tôles minces ou extra-minces, car la rigidité de la matrice ainsi que le serrage de la tôle par le serre-flan génèrent des déformations non homogènes se traduisant dans certaines zones par des allongements suceptibles de provoquer un amincissement excessif et dans d'autres zones par des rétreints tendant à provoquer un épaississement du flan de tôle, qui conduisent à la formation de plis.This conventional device does not allow stamping of thin or extra-thin sheets, because the rigidity of the matrix as well as the tightening of the sheet by the blank holder generate non-homogeneous deformations resulting in some areas by lengthening likely cause excessive thinning and in other areas by shrinking tends to cause thickening of the sheet blank, which lead to the formation of folds.

De plus, pour des aciers à haute limite élastique, cette technique classique d'emboutissage nécessite, pour éviter la formation de plis sous le serre-flan, que l'on excerce sur le flan de tôle une pression très élevée que la plupart des machines ne peuvent fournir.In addition, for steels with high elastic limit, this conventional drawing technique requires, to avoid the formation of folds under the blank holder, that a very high pressure is exerted on the sheet blank than most machines cannot provide.

On connait également, dans le FR-A-2 564 339, un procédé d'emboutissage sur un poinçon formé par un coussin en matériau élastique.We also know, in FR-A-2 564 339, a method of stamping on a punch formed by a cushion of elastic material.

Selon ce procédé, on dispose la tôle à former, sur le coussin en matériau élastique, on applique à l'aide d'un coulisseau extérieur un serre-flan sur la partie périphérique du flan de tôle de façon à comprimer la périphérie du coussin et déformer la partie centrale dudit flan de tôle en lui conférant, en fin d'étape de préformage, une surface sensiblement égale à la surface de la pièce finie à obtenir, puis on applique à l'aide d'un coulisseau central agissant par un poinçon sur la partie centrale du flan de tôle pour conformer la pièce à sa forme définitive.According to this process, the sheet metal to be formed is placed on the cushion of elastic material, a blank clamp is applied to the peripheral part of the sheet blank using an external slider so as to compress the periphery of the cushion and deforming the central part of said sheet blank giving it, at the end of the preforming step, a surface substantially equal to the surface of the finished part to be obtained, then applied using a central slide acting by a punch on the central part of the sheet blank to conform the part to its final shape.

Ce procédé permet l'emboutissage d'un matériau en feuille, en particulier d'un matériau à faible allongement, qui peut être notamment une tôle métallique, par exemple d'acier.This process allows the stamping of a sheet material, in particular of a material with low elongation, which can in particular be a metal sheet, for example of steel.

Le coussin en matériau élastique est décrit comme étant constitué d'une masse sensiblement parallèlépipédique à base d'un élastomère de silicone de faible dureté Shore.The cushion of elastic material is described as consisting of a substantially parallelepiped mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness.

Cette technique où le flan de tôle est posé directement sur le coussin en matériau élastique permet des emboutissages à épaisseur pratiquement constante et est en particulier utilisable pour des tôles minces ou extra-minces.This technique where the sheet blank is placed directly on the cushion of elastic material allows stampings of practically constant thickness and is in particular usable for thin or extra-thin sheets.

Mais ce procédé ne permet pas de lutter efficacement contre la formation des plis dans les zones à fort rétreint, en particulier les zones anguleuses.However, this method does not make it possible to fight effectively against the formation of folds in areas with strong constrictions, in particular angular areas.

En effet, l'emboutissage des pièces de formes complexes entraîne dans les zones anguleuses un rétreint important dont la tendance à former des plis ne peut être diminuée que par un accroissement de la pression du serre-flan sur le flan de tôle.Indeed, the stamping of parts of complex shapes causes in the angular areas a significant constriction whose tendency to form folds can be reduced only by an increase in the pressure of the blank holder on the sheet blank.

Or, avec la technique décrite dans le FR-A-2 564 339, la tôle n'est pas suffisamment maintenue dans la zone sous serre-flan, c'est à dire entre le serre-flan et le coussin en matériau élastique qui ne possède pas en lui même une rigidité suffisante.However, with the technique described in FR-A-2 564 339, the sheet is not sufficiently maintained in the area under the blank holder, that is to say between the blank holder and the cushion of elastic material which does not does not in itself have sufficient rigidity.

Un autre inconvénient de cette technique connue réside dans la dégradation superficielle du matériau constituant le coussin au niveau de la zone sous serre-flan, ce qui est préjudiciable pour la réalisation de pièces en grande série.Another drawback of this known technique lies in the surface degradation of the material constituting the cushion at the level of the blank holder, which is detrimental for the production of parts in large series.

Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, on connait dans le FR-A-2 641 215 un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille notamment de flans de tôle comprenant un coussin en matériau élastique logé dans un bac de rétention, des moyens de préformage du flan de tôle constitués par un coulisseau extérieur portant un serre-flan supérieur, et des moyens de formage définitif dudit flan de tôle constitués par un coulisseau central agissant sur un poinçon.To remedy these drawbacks, there is known in FR-A-2 641 215 a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet metal blanks comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in a retention tank, means for preforming the blank sheet metal formed by an external slide carrying an upper blank holder, and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank formed by a central slide acting on a punch.

Ce dispositif comporte également un serre-flan inférieur constitué par un organe de support et de maintien d'au moins une partie du flan de tôle, placé directement sur le coussin et coopérant avec le serre-flan supérieur pour serrer au moins dans des zones localisées le flan de tôle.This device also includes a lower blank holder formed by a support and holding member for at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the cushion and cooperating with the upper blank holder to tighten at least in localized areas. the sheet metal blank.

Pour le formage du flan de tôle, le serre-flan inférieur pénètre dans le bac de rétention et comprime par réaction le coussin en matériau élastique.For forming the sheet blank, the lower blank holder enters the retention tank and compresses the cushion of elastic material by reaction.

Ainsi, le coussin sous l'effet de cette action de compression périphérique agit sur la zone centrale du flan de tôle et provoque le formage dudit flan.Thus, the cushion under the effect of this peripheral compression action acts on the central area of the sheet blank and causes the forming of said blank.

Mais, ce dispositif présente des inconvénients.However, this device has drawbacks.

En effet, les zones anguleuses constituées notamment par les angles du serre-flan inférieur provoquent à chaque coulissement dudit serre-flan un pincement et un laminage du matériau élastique du coussin avec les parois du bac de rétention si bien qu'après un certain nombre de mise en forme de flans de tôle, le coussin se dégrade ce qui est préjudiciable pour la réalisation de pièces en grande série.Indeed, the angular zones formed in particular by the angles of the lower blank holder cause each sliding of said blank holder to pinch and laminate the elastic material of the cushion with the walls of the retention tank so well that after a certain number of shaping of sheet blanks, the cushion degrades which is detrimental for the production of parts in large series.

Ce phénomène de pincement et de laminage est encore accentué lorsque le dispositif comporte un organe de régulation du déplacement du fond du bac de rétention pour absorber le volume excédentaire du coussin par rapport à celui déterminé par la surface de la pièce finie à obtenir, comme décrit dans le FR-A-2 641 217.This pinching and rolling phenomenon is further accentuated when the device comprises a member for regulating the movement of the bottom of the retention tank to absorb the excess volume of the cushion relative to that determined by the surface of the finished part to be obtained, as described in FR-A-2 641 217.

En effet, les déplacements successifs du fond du bac de rétention entrainent avec les parois latérales de ce bac, un pincement et un laminage du matériau élastique du coussin.Indeed, the successive displacements of the bottom of the retention tank cause with the side walls of this tank, pinching and rolling of the elastic material of the cushion.

Par ailleurs, il se produit au moment du retour à l'état d'équilibre du coussin en matériau élastique, c'est à dire au moment de la remontée du serre-flan inférieur un effet de succion dudit coussin sur la pièce formée ce qui peut provoquer l'effondrement de ladite pièce, notamment dans le cas de pièces de grandes dimensions.Furthermore, when the cushion made of elastic material returns to a state of equilibrium, that is to say at the time of the raising of the lower blank holder, a suction effect of said cushion on the formed part which may cause the collapse of said part, in particular in the case of large parts.

Le retour à l'état initial du coussin s'effectue du centre vers la périphérie ce qui accroît l'effet de succion.The return to the initial state of the cushion takes place from the center towards the periphery which increases the suction effect.

De plus, l'effet de succion est d'autant plus important que le rapport de la surface du coussin sur la surface de la pièce est grand.In addition, the suction effect is all the more important the greater the ratio of the surface of the cushion to the surface of the part.

Enfin, le dispositif décrit dans le FR-A-2 641 215 présente un autre inconvénient.Finally, the device described in FR-A-2 641 215 has another drawback.

Lorsque le volume de déformation du flan de tôle est important, le coussin est soumis à de grandes déformations et à de fortes pressions si bien que les rayons de déformation du flan de tôle sont limités et trop importants pour certaines applications.When the volume of deformation of the sheet blank is large, the cushion is subjected to large deformations and high pressures so that the deformation radii of the sheet blank are limited and too large for certain applications.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients et à améliorer l'efficacité et la longévité du coussin en matériau élastique pour obtenir des pièces embouties en grande série telles que des pièces automobiles dont les parties centrales ne sont pratiquement jamais des formes de révolution, mais présentent des formes complexes non développables et de dimensions variables pour un même bâti d'outil comportant en particulier un bac de volume fixe.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and to improve the efficiency and longevity of the cushion of elastic material for obtaining deep-drawn parts in large series such as automobile parts, the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but have complex shapes which cannot be developed and of variable dimensions for the same tool frame comprising in particular a fixed volume tray.

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille notamment de flans de tôle comportant un coussin en matériau élastique logé dans une enceinte, des moyens de formage du flan de tôle constitués par une matrice dont la partie périphérique forme un serre-flan supérieur, et un serre-flan inférieur formant un organe de support et de maintien d'au moins une partie du flan de tôle, placé directement sur le coussin en matériau élastique et coopérant avec le serre-flan supérieur pour serrer au moins des zones localisées ledit flan de tôle, caractérisé en ce que le serre-flan inférieur est en appui sur un élément coulissant disposé autour des faces latérales du coussin en matériau élastique.The subject of the invention is a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet blanks comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in an enclosure, means for forming the sheet blank consisting of a matrix, the peripheral part of which forms a greenhouse. - upper blank, and a lower blank holder forming a support and holding member for at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the cushion of elastic material and cooperating with the upper blank holder to tighten at least localized areas said sheet blank, characterized in that the lower blank holder is supported on a sliding element disposed around the lateral faces of the cushion of elastic material.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • l'élément coulissant est formé par une chemise périphérique disposée entre les parois latérales de l'enceinte et les faces latérales du coussin, ladite chemise périphérique et ledit serre-flan inférieur étant solidaires, entre eux et coulissant dans ladite enceinte,
  • des éléments de parois modulables sont intercalés entre les parois latérales de l'enceinte et la chemise périphérique,
  • la chemise périphérique et le serre-flan inférieur sont soumis à une force de rappel par au moins un organe élastique,
  • en périphérie du serre-flan inférieur est ménagé au moins un espace pour un passage d'air entre les parois latérales de l'enceinte et ledit serre-flan inférieur,
  • l'élément coulissant est formé par les parois latérales de l'enceinte, lesdites parois coopérant avec au moins un organe de régulation du déplacement de ces parois et du serre-flan inférieur,
  • les parois latérales et le serre-flan sont solidaires entre eux,
  • les parois latérales et le serre-flan forment une pièce monobloc comportant un anneau périphérique inférieur en appui sur un organe de régulation du déplacement et une plaque supérieure formant ledit serre-flan inférieur et assurant le support du flan de tôle,
  • les parois latérales de l'enceinte ou de la pièce sont couvertes d'un matériau antifriction formé par au moins une feuille en matière plastique ou en caoutchouc,
  • le serre-flan inférieur comporte au moins un conduit d'entrée d'air entre le flan de tôle et le coussin,
  • ledit conduit d'air est relié à une arrivée d'air sous pression,
  • le serre-flan inférieur est constitué d'au moins deux plaques usinées, superposées et ménageant entres elles ledit conduit d'entrée d'air,
  • l'une des plaques du serre-flan inférieur est en un matériau élastique incompressible,
  • la plaque du serre-flan inférieur, en contact avec le flan de tôle, comporte sur sa face intérieure verticale des rainures,
  • la plaque du serre-flan inférieur, en contact avec le flan de tôle, est constituée d'un assemblage de planches usinables,
  • l'organe de régulation du déplacement est formé par un système à ressorts,
  • le coussin en matériau élastique comporte, sur sa face supérieure et contenu dans l'ouverture du serre-flan inférieur, un élément élastique de formage du flan de tôle et dont la dureté Shore est supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin,
  • l'élément élastique de formage est localisé dans au moins une zone anguleuse du coussin,
  • l'élément élastique de formage est constitué d'au moins deux couches d'épaisseur et de dureté différentes,
  • l'élément élastique de formage est composé de différents morceaux de dureté différente,
  • l'élément élastique de formage comporte, sur sa face en contact avec le coussin, une lèvre d'arrondissement dudit coussin,
  • l'élément élastique de formage est interchangeable,
  • le coussin comporte, sur sa face supérieure, un tapis de travail interchangeable en un matériau élastique,
  • le tapis de travail est solidaire du serre-flan inférieur,
  • le tapis de travail est formé d'au moins deux couches superposées,
  • les couches du tapis de travail sont localement liées,
  • au moins une des couches du tapis de travail est constituée d'un textile élastique,
  • au moins une des couches du tapis de travail comporte des fentes sensiblement parallèles,
  • l'élément élastique de formage comporte des moyens de liaison avec le coussin, dans une zone localisée de la face supérieure dudit coussin,
  • l'élément élastique de formage comporte des moyens de liaison avec le tapis de travail, dans une zone localisée de la face supérieure dudit tapis de travail,
  • les moyens de liaison sont constitués par au moins un clou comportant une tête plate,
  • les moyens de liaison sont constitués par au moins un rivet comportant deux têtes plates,
  • le coussin comporte sur sa face inférieure en contact avec le fond de l'enceinte une semelle élastique incompressible de dureté Shore supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin,
  • la semelle élastique est en forme d'anneau.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the sliding element is formed by a peripheral jacket disposed between the side walls of the enclosure and the side faces of the cushion, said peripheral jacket and said lower blank holder being integral with each other and sliding in said enclosure,
  • modular wall elements are interposed between the side walls of the enclosure and the peripheral jacket,
  • the peripheral jacket and the lower blank holder are subjected to a restoring force by at least one elastic member,
  • at the periphery of the lower blank holder is provided at least one space for an air passage between the side walls of the enclosure and said lower blank holder,
  • the sliding element is formed by the side walls of the enclosure, said walls cooperating with at least one member for regulating the movement of these walls and the lower blank holder,
  • the side walls and the blank holder are integral with each other,
  • the side walls and the blank holder form a single piece comprising a lower peripheral ring bearing on a member for regulating the displacement and an upper plate forming said lower blank holder and ensuring the support of the sheet blank,
  • the side walls of the enclosure or of the part are covered with an anti-friction material formed by at least one sheet of plastic or rubber,
  • the lower blank holder comprises at least one air inlet duct between the sheet blank and the cushion,
  • said air duct is connected to a pressurized air inlet,
  • the lower blank holder consists of at least two machined plates, superimposed and forming between them said air inlet duct,
  • one of the plates of the lower blank holder is made of an incompressible elastic material,
  • the lower blank holder plate, contact with the sheet blank, has grooves on its vertical inner face,
  • the plate of the lower blank holder, in contact with the sheet blank, consists of an assembly of machinable boards,
  • the movement regulating member is formed by a spring system,
  • the cushion of elastic material comprises, on its upper face and contained in the opening of the lower blank holder, an elastic element for forming the sheet blank and whose Shore hardness is greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion,
  • the elastic forming element is located in at least one angular zone of the cushion,
  • the elastic forming element consists of at least two layers of different thickness and hardness,
  • the elastic forming element is composed of different pieces of different hardness,
  • the elastic forming element comprises, on its face in contact with the cushion, a rounding lip of said cushion,
  • the elastic forming element is interchangeable,
  • the cushion has, on its upper face, an interchangeable work mat made of an elastic material,
  • the work mat is integral with the lower blank holder,
  • the work mat is formed from at least two superimposed layers,
  • the layers of the work mat are locally linked,
  • at least one of the layers of the carpet work consists of an elastic textile,
  • at least one of the layers of the work mat has substantially parallel slots,
  • the elastic forming element comprises means of connection with the cushion, in a localized area of the upper face of said cushion,
  • the elastic forming element comprises means of connection with the work mat, in a localized area of the upper face of said work mat,
  • the connection means consist of at least one nail comprising a flat head,
  • the connection means consist of at least one rivet comprising two flat heads,
  • the cushion has on its lower face in contact with the bottom of the enclosure an incompressible elastic sole of Shore hardness greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion,
  • the elastic sole is in the form of a ring.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée montrant les différents éléments constituant le dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 2-2 de la Fig. 1,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe d'une première variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue en coupe d'une seconde variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue en coupe d'une troisième variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue en coupe d'une quatrième variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la Fig. 7 est une vue en coupe d'une cinquième variante du dispositif d'emboutissage.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the various elements constituting the stamping device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line 2-2 of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a first variant of the stamping device,
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a second variant of the stamping device,
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a third variant of the stamping device,
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a fourth variant of the stamping device,
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a fifth variant of the stamping device.

Le dispositif d'emboutissage représenté aux Figs. 1 et 2 comporte une enceinte 1 qui constitue un logement pour un coussin 2 en un matériau élastique.The stamping device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an enclosure 1 which constitutes a housing for a cushion 2 made of an elastic material.

L'enceinte 1 repose sur une table de presse 9 tandis que le coussin 2 repose sur une plaque support 3.The enclosure 1 rests on a press table 9 while the cushion 2 rests on a support plate 3.

Entre cette plaque support 3 et le fond la de l'enceinte 1 peut être interposé un moyen de régulation de la pression engendrée dans le coussin 2 au moment du formage de la pièce.Between this support plate 3 and the bottom of the enclosure 1 can be interposed a means of regulating the pressure generated in the cushion 2 during the forming of the part.

Ce moyen peut être constitué par exemple par des ressorts 4 ou par un vérin.This means can be constituted for example by springs 4 or by a jack.

Par ailleurs, la face inférieure du coussin 2 en contact avec la plaque support 3 est munie d'une semelle élastique 5 incompressible de dureté Shore supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin. Cette semelle élastique peut avoir la forme d'un anneau.Furthermore, the underside of the cushion 2 in contact with the support plate 3 is provided with an incompressible elastic sole 5 of Shore hardness greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion. This elastic sole can have the shape of a ring.

La face supérieure et les faces latérales du coussin 2 sont revêtues d'une peau 6 en un matériau élastique pouvant être éventuellement antifriction.The upper face and the lateral faces of the cushion 2 are coated with a skin 6 made of an elastic material which may possibly be anti-friction.

Sur la face supérieure du coussin 2 est disposé un serre-flan périphérique inférieur 7 constitué par un cadre, par exemple à contour fermé et qui épouse sensiblement la forme du logement interne de l'enceinte 1 de façon à pouvoir pénétrer dans ledit logement au moment du formage de la pièce.On the upper face of the cushion 2 is disposed a lower peripheral blank holder 7 constituted by a frame, for example with a closed contour and which substantially matches the shape of the internal housing of the enclosure 1 so as to be able to penetrate said housing at the time the forming of the part.

D'autre part, le serre-flan inférieur 7 est également en appui sur un élément coulissant par exemple verticalement formé par une chemise périphérique 8 disposée entre les faces latérales du coussin 2 et les parois latérales 1b de l'enceinte 1.On the other hand, the lower blank holder 7 is also supported on a sliding element, for example vertically formed by a peripheral jacket 8 disposed between the side faces of the cushion 2 and the side walls 1b of the enclosure 1.

Le serre-flan inférieur 7 et la chemise 8 sont reliés entre eux par des moyens appropriés, non représentés, et l'ensemble constitué par ce serre-flan inférieur 7 et cette chemise 8 ainsi que par le coussin 2 et la plaque support 3 coulisse à l'intérieur du logement interne de l'enceinte 1.The lower blank holder 7 and the jacket 8 are interconnected by suitable means, not shown, and the assembly constituted by this lower blank holder 7 and this jacket 8 as well as by the cushion 2 and the support plate 3 slides. inside the internal housing of enclosure 1.

Le serre-flan inférieur 7 et la chemise 8 sont soumis à une force de rappel par au moins un organe élastique 13 constitué par exemple par des ressorts interposés entre ladite chemise 8 et le fond la de l'enceinte 1.The lower blank holder 7 and the jacket 8 are subjected to a restoring force by at least one elastic member 13 constituted for example by springs interposed between said jacket 8 and the bottom 1a of the enclosure 1.

Au-dessus de l'enceinte 1, le dispositif d'emboutissage comporte une matrice 10 sur laquelle agit un coulisseau 12 d'une presse.Above the enclosure 1, the stamping device comprises a matrix 10 on which a slide 12 of a press acts.

La partie inférieure 11 de la matrice 10 constitue un serre-flan périphérique supérieur.The lower part 11 of the matrix 10 constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder.

La face inférieure de la matrice 10 comporte une empreinte 10a (Fig. 2) correspondant au profil de la pièce finie à obtenir.The underside of the matrix 10 has an imprint 10a (Fig. 2) corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.

Le serre-flan inférieur 7 et le serre-flan supérieur 11 ont des dimensions extérieures inférieures au contour du logement de l'enceinte 1 de façon à ménager au moins un espace 17 pour le passage d'air entre un flan de tôle 20 posé sur ledit serre-flan inférieur, le coussin 2 et l'extérieur par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un petit conduit 18 formé dans le serre-flan inférieur 7.The lower blank holder 7 and the upper blank holder 11 have external dimensions smaller than the outline of the housing of the enclosure 1 so as to provide at least one space 17 for the passage of air between a sheet blank 20 placed on said lower blank holder, the cushion 2 and the outside by means of at least one small duct 18 formed in the lower blank holder 7.

Le formage du flan de tôle 20 est réalisé de la manière suivante.The sheet blank 20 is formed in the following manner.

Tout d'abord, on pose le flan de tôle 20 sur le serre-flan inférieur 7, puis la matrice 10 et le coulisseau 12 descendent progressivement.First of all, the sheet blank 20 is placed on the lower blank holder 7, then the die 10 and the slider 12 descend progressively.

Le serre-flan supérieur 11 entre en contact avec le flan de tôle 20 dont la partie périphérique est progressivement serrée entre ledit serre-flan supérieur 11 et le serre-flan inférieur 7.The upper blank holder 11 comes into contact with the sheet blank 20 whose peripheral part is progressively clamped between said upper blank holder 11 and the lower blank holder 7.

La descente progressive du coulisseau 12 et de la matrice 10 entraîne l'ensemble : serre-flan supérieur 11, serre-flan inférieur 7 et la chemise périphérique 8 et simultanément provoque la compression par réaction du coussin 2.The progressive descent of the slide 12 and the matrix 10 drives the assembly: upper blank holder 11, lower blank holder 7 and the peripheral jacket 8 and simultaneously causes compression by reaction of the cushion 2.

Le coussin 2 sous l'effet de cette action de compression périphérique agit par fluage sur la zone centrale du flan de tôle 20 et provoque le formage dudit flan.The cushion 2 under the effect of this peripheral compression action acts by creep on the central area of the sheet blank 20 and causes the forming of said blank.

Au cours du formage, les ressorts 4 régulent le déplacement de la plaque support 3 et de ce fait régulent la pression engendrée dans le coussin 2 au moment du formage de la pièce.During forming, the springs 4 regulate the movement of the support plate 3 and therefore regulate the pressure generated in the cushion 2 during the forming of the part.

D'autre part, le coulissement de la chemise périphérique 8 simultanément au serre-flan inférieur 7 évite un pincement et un laminage du coussin 2.On the other hand, the sliding of the peripheral jacket 8 simultaneously with the lower blank holder 7 avoids pinching and rolling of the cushion 2.

La semelle 5 évite également un laminage de ce coussin 2 dans sa partie inférieure.The sole 5 also prevents the cushion 2 from rolling in its lower part.

Les ressorts 13 régulent le déplacement du serre-flan inférieur 7 et de la chemise 8, provoqué par le coulisseau 12.The springs 13 regulate the movement of the lower blank holder 7 and of the jacket 8, caused by the slide 12.

L'étape de libération de la pièce finie s'effectue par la remontée simultanée du coulisseau 12 et de la matrice 10.The step of releasing the finished part is carried out by the simultaneous ascent of the slide 12 and of the matrix 10.

Lors de cette étape de libération, le décollement du coussin 2 de la pièce formée s'effectue de la périphérie vers le centre, parce que l'air pénètre entre la pièce et la face supérieure du coussin par l'intermédiaire de l'espace 17 et des conduits 18 évitant ainsi les effets de succion.During this release step, the separation of the cushion 2 from the formed part takes place from the periphery towards the center, because the air enters between the part and the upper face of the cushion via the space 17 and conduits 18 thus avoiding the suction effects.

De préférence, les conduits 18 sont reliés à des arrivées d'air sous pression pour réduire l'effet de succion et permettre une cadence d'au moins vingt coups par minute, en assurant un débit d'air d'au moins deux fois le volume de la pièce à chaque seconde.Preferably, the conduits 18 are connected to pressurized air inlets to reduce the suction effect and allow a rate of at least twenty strokes per minute, ensuring an air flow of at least twice the room volume every second.

L'arrivée d'air est coupée dès le retour du coussin 2 en sa position d'équilibre. Cette arrivée d'air est de préférence située à l'endroit de plus faible profondeur de la pièce emboutie.The air supply is cut off when the cushion 2 returns to its equilibrium position. This air inlet is preferably located at the shallower depth of the stamped part.

Selon une variante illustrée à la Fig. 3, l'élément coulissant verticalement disposé autour des faces latérales du coussin 2 est constitué directement par les parois latérales 30 de l'enceinte 1 sur lesquelles est en appui le serre-flan inférieur 7.According to a variant illustrated in FIG. 3, the vertically sliding element disposed around the lateral faces of the cushion 2 is constituted directly by the lateral walls 30 of the enclosure 1 on which the lower blank holder 7 is supported.

Les parois latérales 30 coopèrent avec un organe 31 de régulation du déplacement de ces parois 30 et du serre-flan inférieur 7.The side walls 30 cooperate with a member 31 for regulating the movement of these walls 30 and of the lower blank holder 7.

Cet organe 31 de régulation est formé par exemple par un système à ressorts ou un vérin.This regulating member 31 is formed for example by a spring system or a jack.

Le coussin 2 repose, par l'intermédiaire de la semelle 5, sur une plaque support 32 qui est elle même en appui sur un socle 33 servant également de support à l'organe 31 de régulation du déplacement des parois 30 et du serre-flan inférieur 7.The cushion 2 rests, by means of the sole 5, on a support plate 32 which is itself supported on a base 33 also serving as support for the member 31 for regulating the movement of the walls 30 and the blank holder lower 7.

Ce serre-flan inférieur 7 comporte également des conduits 18 d'entrée d'air entre le flan de tôle 20 et le coussin 2 et est solidaire des parois 30 par des moyens appropriés non représentés.This lower blank holder 7 also comprises air inlet ducts 18 between the sheet blank 20 and the cushion 2 and is secured to the walls 30 by suitable means, not shown.

La plaque support 32 sert également de guidage aux parois 30 lors du coulissement de celles-ci.The support plate 32 also serves as a guide for the walls 30 when they slide.

Les autres éléments du dispositif sont identiques au précédent mode de réalisation et le formage de la pièce est réalisé de la même façon.The other elements of the device are identical to the previous embodiment and the Forming of the part is carried out in the same way.

Selon une autre variante illustrée à la Fig. 4, les parois latérales et le serre-flan inférieur forment une pièce monobloc 40 comportant un anneau périphérique inférieur 40a en appui sur l'organe 31 de régulation du déplacement et une plaque supérieure 40b formant le serre-flan inférieur et assurant le support du flan de tôle 20.According to another variant illustrated in FIG. 4, the side walls and the lower blank holder form a single piece 40 comprising a lower peripheral ring 40a bearing on the member 31 for regulating the displacement and an upper plate 40b forming the lower blank holder and ensuring the support of the blank sheet metal 20.

La plaque supérieure 40b comporte également des conduits 18 d'entrée d'air entre le flan de tôle 20 et le coussin 2.The upper plate 40b also includes air inlet ducts 18 between the sheet metal blank 20 and the cushion 2.

Les autres éléments du dispositif sont identiques et le formage de la pièce est réalisé de la même façon.The other elements of the device are identical and the forming of the part is carried out in the same way.

Selon encore une autre variante illustrée à la Fig. 5, le coussin 2 comporte sur sa face supérieure et entre le serre-flan inférieur un élément élastique 50 de formage du flan de tôle 20 et dont la dureté Shore est supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin 2.According to yet another variant illustrated in FIG. 5, the cushion 2 has on its upper face and between the lower blank holder an elastic element 50 for forming the sheet blank 20 and whose Shore hardness is greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion 2.

L'élément élastique 50 de formage peut être constitué d'au moins deux couches d'épaisseur et de dureté différentes.The elastic forming element 50 may consist of at least two layers of different thickness and hardness.

Par ailleurs, l'élément élastique 50 de formage peut également être interchangeable.Furthermore, the elastic forming element 50 can also be interchangeable.

Pour cela, l'élément élastique 50 de formage comporte des moyens de liaison avec le coussin 2 dans une zone localisée de la face supérieure dudit coussin.For this, the elastic forming element 50 comprises means of connection with the cushion 2 in a localized area of the upper face of said cushion.

Ces moyens de liaison sont constitués par au moins un rivet 51 comportant deux têtes plates de faible épaisseur et de grande surface ou par au moins un clou comportant une tête plate.These connecting means are constituted by at least one rivet 51 comprising two flat heads of small thickness and large area or by at least one nail comprising a flat head.

L'élément élastique 50 de formage peut également être collé sur la face supérieure du coussin 2.The elastic forming element 50 can also be glued to the upper side of cushion 2.

Lorsque la profondeur d'emboutissage du flan de tôle 20 est importante, l'élément élastique 50 permet d'éviter de soumettre ledit coussin à de grandes déformations et à de fortes pressions et d'obtenir un marquage des détails notamment de faibles rayons.When the drawing depth of the sheet blank 20 is large, the elastic element 50 makes it possible to avoid subjecting said cushion to large deformations and to high pressures and to obtaining a marking of the details, in particular of small radii.

Par ailleurs, cet élément élastique 50 peut avoir une forme quelconque comme par exemple celle de l'ébauche ou de la pièce finie à obtenir.Furthermore, this elastic element 50 can have any shape such as for example that of the blank or the finished part to be obtained.

L'élément 50 élastique de formage subit un très faible allongement et un glissement est indispensable entre cet élément et la peau 6 du coussin 2.The elastic forming element 50 undergoes a very low elongation and a sliding is essential between this element and the skin 6 of the cushion 2.

L'élément élastique 50 de formage peut être localisé dans au moins une zone anguleuse du coussin 2 et peut être constitué de différents morceaux de dureté différente.The elastic forming element 50 can be located in at least one angular zone of the cushion 2 and can be made up of different pieces of different hardness.

Cet élément élastique 50 de formage peut comporter, sur sa face en contact avec le coussin 2, une lèvre d'arrondissement dudit coussin.This elastic forming element 50 may comprise, on its face in contact with the cushion 2, a rounding lip of said cushion.

Selon une autre variante illustrée à la Fig. 6, les parois latérales 30 peuvent être recouvertes d'un matériau antifriction 14 obtenu par pulvérisation d'un produit adéquat sur lesdites parois ou constitué par au moins une feuille en matière plastique ou une feuille en caoutchouc, et cela dans tous les modes de réalisation.According to another variant illustrated in FIG. 6, the side walls 30 may be covered with an anti-friction material 14 obtained by spraying a suitable product on said walls or consisting of at least one plastic sheet or a rubber sheet, and this in all the embodiments .

D'autre part, un tapis de travail 15 interchangeable peut être interposé entre la peau 6 de la face supérieure du coussin 2 et le serre-flan inférieur 7 (Fig. 6) ou la plaque supérieure 40b de la pièce monobloc 40 comme dans les variantes illustrées aux Figs. 4 et 5.On the other hand, an interchangeable work mat 15 can be interposed between the skin 6 of the upper face of the cushion 2 and the lower blank holder 7 (Fig. 6) or the upper plate 40b of the piece 40 as in the illustrated variants in Figs. 4 and 5.

Ce tapis de travail 15 en un matériau élastique a une dureté Shore sensiblement égale à la dureté Shore de la peau 6 du coussin 2 et peut être fixé au serre-flan inférieur 7 ou à la plaque supérieure 40b de la pièce monobloc 40.This work mat 15 made of an elastic material has a Shore hardness substantially equal to the Shore hardness of the skin 6 of the cushion 2 and can be fixed to the lower blank holder 7 or to the upper plate 40b of the single piece 40.

Dans le cas où le dispositif comporte un élément 50 élastique de formage du flan de tôle 20 comme représenté sur la Fig. 6, cet élément 50 est lié au tapis 15 dans une zone localisée par un moyen approprié comme par exemple un rivet 51 ou un clou.In the case where the device comprises an elastic element 50 for forming the sheet blank 20 as shown in FIG. 6, this element 50 is linked to the mat 15 in a localized area by an appropriate means such as for example a rivet 51 or a nail.

Le tapis de travail 15 peut être formé d'au moins deux couches superposées, éventuellement localement liées.The work mat 15 can be formed from at least two superimposed layers, possibly locally bonded.

Au moins une des couches de ce tapis de travail peut être constituée d'un textile élastique et/ou comporter des fentes sensiblement parallèles.At least one of the layers of this work mat can be made of an elastic textile and / or have substantially parallel slots.

De plus, le matériau antifriction 14 disposé sur les parois 1b ou 30 de l'enceinte 1 ou les parois de la pièce 40, ainsi que le tapis de travail 15 peuvent remplacer la peau 6 du coussin 2.In addition, the anti-friction material 14 placed on the walls 1b or 30 of the enclosure 1 or the walls of the part 40, as well as the work mat 15 can replace the skin 6 of the cushion 2.

Selon encore une autre variante illustrée à la Fig. 7, des éléments de paroi modulables 60 sont intercalés entre les parois latérales 1b de l'enceinte 1 et la chemise périphérique 8 de façon à réduire le phénomène de succion.According to yet another variant illustrated in FIG. 7, modular wall elements 60 are interposed between the side walls 1b of the enclosure 1 and the peripheral jacket 8 so as to reduce the suction phenomenon.

La modulation du volume de l'enceinte 1 et donc des dimensions du coussin 2 assure un rapport de la surface dudit coussin sur la surface de la pièce voisin de deux, et un contrôle de l'effet de succion, et cela pour toutes les dimensions des pièces.The modulation of the volume of the enclosure 1 and therefore of the dimensions of the cushion 2 ensures a ratio of the surface of said cushion to the surface of the room next to two, and a control of the suction effect, and this for all dimensions pieces.

Les éléments de paroi 60 modulables et interchangeables sont en un matériau quasi incompressible, comme par exemple des planches usinables pour la construction de modèles.The modular and interchangeable wall elements 60 are made of an almost incompressible material, such as for example machinable boards for building models.

Le nombre d'éléments de paroi utilisé permet une grande liberté de dimension de l'enceinte 1 et du coussin 2 pour un seul outil et bâti.The number of wall elements used allows great freedom of dimension of the enclosure 1 and of the cushion 2 for a single tool and frame.

Les autres éléments du dispositif sont identiques et le formage de la pièce est réalisé de la même manière.The other elements of the device are identical and the forming of the part is carried out in the same way.

Dans tous les cas de figures, le serre-flan inférieur 7 ou la plaque supérieure 40b de la pièce monobloc 40 peut être réalisé de deux plaques de tôles usinées ménageant entres elles une entrée d'air. L'une des plaques peut être en un matériau élastique incompressible.In all cases, the lower blank holder 7 or the upper plate 40b of the piece 40 can be made of two sheets of machined sheets providing between them an air inlet. One of the plates may be made of an incompressible elastic material.

La plaque du serre-flan inférieur 7 ou 40b, en contact avec le flan de tôle 30 peut comporter sur sa face intérieure verticale des rainures pour améliorer le passage de l'air vers la partie supérieure de la pièce à former.The plate of the lower blank holder 7 or 40b, in contact with the sheet blank 30 may have grooves on its vertical inner face to improve the passage of air towards the upper part of the part to be formed.

Cette plaque du serre-flanc inférieur 7 ou 40b, en contact avec le flan de tôle 20 peut-être constituée d'un assemblage de planches.This lower clamp plate 7 or 40b, in contact with the sheet blank 20 may be made up of an assembly of boards.

Le serre-flan inférieur peut avoir une forme correspondant à la forme de la zone périphérique de la pièce finie à obtenir.The lower blank holder may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained.

Le serre-flan inférieur 7 ou la plaque supérieure 40b de la pièce monobloc 40 permet avec le serre-flan supérieur 11 de serrer au moins dans des zones localisées le flan de tôle 20.The lower blank holder 7 or the upper plate 40b of the single piece 40 makes it possible, with the upper blank holder 11, to tighten the sheet blank 20 at least in localized areas.

Enfin, la plaque support 32 peut comporter un évidement interne pour contenir le coussin 2 ou être réalisé en une seule pièce avec le socle 33.Finally, the support plate 32 may include an internal recess to contain the cushion 2 or be made in one piece with the base 33.

D'autre part, un moyen de régulation de la pression engendrée dans le coussin 2 au moment du formage de la pièce peut être interposé entre la pièce support 32 et le socle 33.On the other hand, a means of regulating the pressure generated in the cushion 2 during the forming of the part can be interposed between the part support 32 and base 33.

Le dispositif selon l'invention présente l'avantage de réduire de manière importante tout phénomène de pincement et de laminage du coussin et d'améliorer l'éfficacité et la longévité de ce coussin pour des emboutissages de grande série.The device according to the invention has the advantage of significantly reducing any pinching and rolling phenomenon of the cushion and of improving the efficiency and the longevity of this cushion for large series stampings.

Il présente également l'avantage de pouvoir régler facilement l'effort de soutien du serre-flan inférieur au cours du formage et d'obtenir sur la pièce formée des petits rayons.It also has the advantage of being able to easily adjust the support force of the lower blank holder during forming and to obtain small spokes on the part formed.

Claims (36)

Dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille notamment de flans de tôle (20) comportant un coussin (2) en un matériau élastique logé dans une enceinte (1) des moyens de formage du flan de tôle (20) constitués par une matrice (10) dont la partie périphérique forme un serre-flan supérieur (11), et un serre-flan inférieur (7, 40b) formant un organe de support et de maintien d'au moins une partie du flan de tôle, placé directement sur le coussin (2) en matériau élastique et coopérant avec le serre-flan supérieur (11) pour serrer au moins dans des zones localisées le flan de tôle (20), caractérisé en ce que le serre-flan inférieur (7-40b) est en appui sur un élément (8-30) coulisssant disposé autour des faces latérales du coussin (2) en un matériau élastique.Device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet metal blanks (20) comprising a cushion (2) made of an elastic material housed in an enclosure (1) means for forming the sheet blank (20) constituted by a matrix (10 ) the peripheral part of which forms an upper blank holder (11), and a lower blank holder (7, 40b) forming a support and holding member for at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the cushion (2) made of elastic material and cooperating with the upper blank holder (11) to clamp at least in localized areas the sheet blank (20), characterized in that the lower blank holder (7-40b) is in contact on a sliding element (8-30) arranged around the lateral faces of the cushion (2) made of an elastic material. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément coulissant est formé par une chemise périphérique (8) disposée entre les parois latérales (1b) de l'enceinte (1) et les faces latérales du coussin (2), ladite chemise périphérique (8) et ledit serre-flan inférieur (7) étant solidarisés entre eux et coulissant dans ladite enceinte.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding element is formed by a peripheral jacket (8) disposed between the side walls (1b) of the enclosure (1) and the side faces of the cushion (2), said jacket device (8) and said lower blank holder (7) being joined together and sliding in said enclosure. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de paroi modulables (60) sont intercalés entre les parois latérales (1b) de l'enceinte (1) et la chemise périphérique (8).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that modular wall elements (60) are interposed between the side walls (1b) of the enclosure (1) and the peripheral jacket (8). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la chemise périphérique (8) et le serre-flan inférieur (7) sont soumis à une force de rappel par au moins un organe élastique (13).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the peripheral jacket (8) and the lower blank holder (7) are subjected to a restoring force by at least one elastic member (13). Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'en périphérie du serre-flan inférieur (7) est ménagé au moins un espace (17) pour un passage d'air entre les parois latérales (1b) de l'enceinte (1) et ledit serre-flan inférieur (7).Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at the periphery of the blank holder lower (7) is provided at least one space (17) for an air passage between the side walls (1b) of the enclosure (1) and said lower blank holder (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément coulissant est formé par les parois latérales (30) de l'enceinte (1) lesdites parois (30) coopérant avec au moins un organe (31) de régulation du déplacement de ces parois (30) et du serre-flan inférieur (7).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding element is formed by the side walls (30) of the enclosure (1) said walls (30) cooperating with at least one member (31) for regulating the movement of these walls (30) and the lower blank holder (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (30) et le serre-flan inférieur (7) sont solidaires entre eux.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the side walls (30) and the lower blank holder (7) are integral with each other. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales et le serre-flan inférieur forment une pièce monobloc (40) comportant un anneau périphérique inférieur (40a) en appui sur un organe (31) de régulation du déplacement et une plaque supérieure (40b) formant ledit serre-flan inférieur et assurant le support du flan de tôle (20).Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the side walls and the lower blank holder form a single piece (40) comprising a lower peripheral ring (40a) bearing on a member (31) for regulating the displacement and an upper plate (40b) forming said lower blank holder and providing support for the sheet blank (20). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (1b, 30) de l'enceinte (1) ou de la pièce (40) sont couvertes d'un matériau antifriction (14).Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the side walls (1b, 30) of the enclosure (1) or of the part (40) are covered with an anti-friction material (14). Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau antifriction (14) est constitué par au moins une feuille en matière plastique.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-friction material (14) consists of at least one plastic sheet. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau antifriction (14) est constitué par au moins une feuille en caoutchouc.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-friction material (14) consists of at least one rubber sheet. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le serre-flan inférieur (7-40b) comporte au moins un conduit (18) d'entrée d'air entre le flan de tôle (20) et le coussin (2).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower blank holder (7-40b) comprises at least one air inlet duct (18) between the sheet blank (20) and the cushion (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ledit conduit (18) est relié à une arrivée d'air sous pression.Device according to claim 12, characterized in that said duct (18) is connected to an inlet for pressurized air. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le serre-flan inférieur (7-40b) est constitué d'au moins deux plaques usinées, superposées et ménageant entres elles ledit conduit (18) d'entrée d'air.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower blank holder (7-40b) consists of at least two machined plates, superimposed and forming between them said air inlet duct (18) . Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'une des plaques du serre-flan inférieur (7-40b) est en un matériau élastique incompressible.Device according to claim 14, characterized in that one of the plates of the lower blank holder (7-40b) is made of an incompressible elastic material. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la plaque du serre-flan inférieur (7-40b), en contact avec le flan de tôle (20), comporte sur sa face intérieure verticale des rainures.Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the plate of the lower blank holder (7-40b), in contact with the sheet blank (20), has grooves on its vertical inner face. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la plaque du serre-flan inférieur (7-40b) en contact avec le flan de tôle (20), est constituée d'un assemblage de planches usinables.Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the plate of the lower blank holder (7-40b) in contact with the sheet blank (20) consists of an assembly of machinable boards. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'organe (13-31) de régulation du déplacement est formé par un système à ressorts.Device according to claim 4 or 8, characterized in that the movement regulating member (13-31) is formed by a spring system. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (2) comporte sur sa face supérieure et contenu dans l'ouverture du serre-flan inférieur (7-40b), un élément (50) élastique de formage du flan de tôle (20) et dont la dureté Shore est supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cushion (2) has on its upper face and contained in the opening of the lower blank holder (7-40b), an elastic element (50) for forming the sheet blank ( 20) and whose Shore hardness is greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (50) de formage est localisé dans au moins une zone anguleuse du coussin (2).Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) is located in at least one angular zone of the cushion (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (50) de formage est constitué d'au moins deux couches d'épaisseur et de dureté différentes.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) consists of at least two layers of different thickness and hardness. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (50) de formage est composé de différents morceaux de dureté différente.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) is composed of different pieces of different hardness. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (50) de formage comporte, sur sa face en contact avec le coussin (2), une lèvre d'arrondissement dudit coussin.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) comprises, on its face in contact with the cushion (2), a rounding lip of said cushion. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (50) de formage est interchangeable.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) is interchangeable. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (2) comporte, sur sa face supérieure, un tapis de travail (15) interchangeable en un matériau élastique.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the cushion (2) comprises, on its upper face, a work mat (15) interchangeable with an elastic material. Dispositif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que le tapis de travail (15) est solidaire du serre-flan inférieur (7-40b).Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the work mat (15) is integral with the lower blank holder (7-40b). Dispositif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que le tapis de travail (15) est formé d'au moins deux couches superposées.Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the work mat (15) is formed from at least two superimposed layers. Dispositif selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce que les couches du tapis de travail (15) sont localement liées.Device according to claim 27, characterized in that the layers of the work mat (15) are locally linked. Dispositif selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des couches du tapis de travail (15) est constituée d'un textile élastique.Device according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one of the layers of the carpet work (15) consists of an elastic textile. Dispositif selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des couches du tapis de travail (15) comporte des fentes sensiblement parallèles.Device according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one of the layers of the work mat (15) has substantially parallel slots. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (50) élastique de formage comporte des moyens (51) de liaison avec le coussin (2), dans une zone localisée de la face supérieure dudit coussin.Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) comprises means (51) for connection with the cushion (2), in a localized area of the upper face of said cushion. Dispositif selon les revendications 19 et 25, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (50) élastique de formage comporte des moyens (51) de liaison avec le tapis de travail (15), dans une zone localisée de la face supérieure dudit tapis de travail.Device according to claims 19 and 25, characterized in that the elastic forming element (50) comprises means (51) for connection with the work mat (15), in a localized area of the upper face of said work mat . Dispositif selon les revendications 31 et 32, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (51) de liaison sont constitués par au moins un clou comportant une tête plate.Device according to claims 31 and 32, characterized in that the connecting means (51) consist of at least one nail comprising a flat head. Dispositif selon les revendications 31 et 32, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (51) de liaison sont constitués par au moins un rivet (51) comportant deux têtes plates.Device according to claims 31 and 32, characterized in that the connecting means (51) consist of at least one rivet (51) comprising two flat heads. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (2) comporte sur sa face inférieure en contact avec le fond de l'enceinte (1) de rétention une semelle (5) élastique incompressible de dureté Shore supérieure à la dureté Shore dudit coussin (2).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cushion (2) has on its lower face in contact with the bottom of the containment (1) a non-compressible elastic sole (5) of Shore hardness greater than the Shore hardness of said cushion (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 35, caractérisé en ce que la semelle (5) élastique est en forme d'anneau.Device according to claim 35, characterized in that the elastic sole (5) is in the form of a ring.
EP91403373A 1990-12-18 1991-12-12 Device for press-forming sheet materials and especially metal blanks Expired - Lifetime EP0491602B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9015866 1990-12-18
FR9015866A FR2670408A1 (en) 1990-12-18 1990-12-18 DEVICE FOR STITCHING SHEET MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY FLANGES OF SHEET.

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EP0491602A1 true EP0491602A1 (en) 1992-06-24
EP0491602B1 EP0491602B1 (en) 1995-05-03

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US (1) US5255550A (en)
EP (1) EP0491602B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04305321A (en)
AT (1) ATE121975T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69109457T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2071954T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2670408A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2025169C1 (en)

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FR3018709A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa TOOLING FOR BONDING FOR CONFORMING A BENT PIECE
CN105414354A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-23 天津滨海高新区望越科技发展有限公司 Automobile stamping die workpiece support buffer device

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US6233989B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2001-05-22 Changing Paradigms, Llc Method and apparatus for stamping a metal sheet with an apertured design having rolled edges
JP5194582B2 (en) * 2007-06-20 2013-05-08 大日本印刷株式会社 Impression cylinder and embossing apparatus using the same
KR101197089B1 (en) 2011-04-19 2012-11-07 한국과학기술원 The forging device of asymmetry axial product
CN104249114B (en) * 2014-09-29 2016-06-29 江阴德玛斯特钻具有限公司 In-flanges type drilling rod protection set in-flanges production line
CN105537405A (en) * 2016-01-20 2016-05-04 常州协发机械制造有限公司 Edge turning-up die for edge turning-up inside sealing head
CN105665511B (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-07-28 山东多星电器有限公司 A kind of pot stretching-machine
US10773291B2 (en) * 2017-05-24 2020-09-15 Polyurethane Products Universal radius forming system
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US2796253A (en) * 1948-06-03 1957-06-18 Glenn L Martin Co Cushion control system for a press
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US2761405A (en) * 1953-12-14 1956-09-04 Svenska Aeroplan Ab Hydraulic forming attachment for presses
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FR2584956A1 (en) * 1985-07-22 1987-01-23 Courbis Technologies Die unit (block), especially for working metal sheets (foils)
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GB2208619A (en) * 1987-08-15 1989-04-12 Austin Rover Group A sheet metal forming tool and methods of making and using same
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3018709A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa TOOLING FOR BONDING FOR CONFORMING A BENT PIECE
CN105414354A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-23 天津滨海高新区望越科技发展有限公司 Automobile stamping die workpiece support buffer device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04305321A (en) 1992-10-28
FR2670408A1 (en) 1992-06-19
DE69109457D1 (en) 1995-06-08
ES2071954T3 (en) 1995-07-01
RU2025169C1 (en) 1994-12-30
FR2670408B1 (en) 1995-03-17
EP0491602B1 (en) 1995-05-03
DE69109457T2 (en) 1996-01-04
ATE121975T1 (en) 1995-05-15
US5255550A (en) 1993-10-26

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