EP0380894B1 - Device for deep-drawing sheet materials - Google Patents

Device for deep-drawing sheet materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0380894B1
EP0380894B1 EP89403591A EP89403591A EP0380894B1 EP 0380894 B1 EP0380894 B1 EP 0380894B1 EP 89403591 A EP89403591 A EP 89403591A EP 89403591 A EP89403591 A EP 89403591A EP 0380894 B1 EP0380894 B1 EP 0380894B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
sheet
supporting
constituted
holding element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89403591A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0380894A1 (en
Inventor
Gabriel De Smet
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Isoform SNC
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Isoform SNC
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Priority to AT89403591T priority Critical patent/ATE75640T1/en
Publication of EP0380894A1 publication Critical patent/EP0380894A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular extra-thin sheets of large dimensions.
  • FR-A-2 564 339 discloses a drawing process on an elastic cushion.
  • the sheet to be formed is placed on an elastic cushion, an external slider is applied supporting a blank holder on the peripheral part of the sheet so as to cause the mass of the elastic cushion to creep in order to deform the central part of the sheet by giving it, at the end of the preforming step, a surface substantially equal to the surface of the finished part to be obtained, then a central slide acting by a punch is applied to the central part of the sheet to conform the part to its final form.
  • This process allows the drawing of a sheet material, in particular of a material with low elongation, which can in particular be a metal sheet, for example of steel, although this process is not limited to the drawing of metallic foil, but can be applied to plastic materials and any other composite material.
  • the cushion of elastic material is described as being in particular a composite support consisting of a substantially parallelepiped mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness, which can be covered on its upper face and on all or part of its faces. sides of relatively thin skin made of a more resistant and harder material.
  • FR-A-2,590,814 is a drawing process on an elastic cushion, according to which the sheet metal blank to be formed is placed on a support constituting a retention tank for the elastic cushion, a clamp is applied.
  • blank on the peripheral part of the sheet blank so as to achieve, in localized areas the falling of the edge of the sheet blank and to cause the creep of the mass of the elastic cushion to deform the central part of the sheet blank, then apply a punch on the central part of the sheet blank to form the part in its final shape.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and to improve the efficiency and the longevity of the cushion of elastic material and possibly favors the falling of the edge of the blank of sheet metal, total or partial, to obtain deep-drawn parts of medium depth, but of large dimensions and in large series such as automobile parts, the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but represent complex shapes which cannot be developed.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet blanks, comprising a cushion made of an elastic material housed in a retention tank, means for preforming the sheet blank consisting of an external slide. carrying an upper blank holder, and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank formed by a central slide acting on a punch, characterized in that it comprises a lower blank holder constituted by a support and holding member at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the elastic cushion and cooperating with the upper blank clamp to clamp at least in localized areas the sheet blank.
  • the device includes compensation elements.
  • the stamping device shown in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a tank 1, the central part of which constitutes a housing for a cushion 2 in one elastic material.
  • a frame 3 On the upper face of the elastic cushion 2 is disposed a frame 3 with a closed contour which constitutes a lower peripheral blank holder and which substantially follows the contour of the internal housing of the container 1 so as to be able to penetrate into said housing when the room.
  • the stamping device comprises a body 5 fixed to an extension 11 carried by an external slide 28.
  • the lower part 6 of the body constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder.
  • the upper peripheral blank holder 6 has an outside diameter slightly smaller than the outline of the internal housing of the container 1 so as to cooperate with the frame 3 and to penetrate into said housing.
  • the body 5 has a central well 7 inside which penetrates a punch 8 comprising at its upper part a sole 9.
  • the extension 11 also includes a central well for the passage of a punch 8 and the sole 9.
  • the underside of the punch 8 has an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.
  • the forming of a sheet blank 10 is carried out as follows.
  • the sheet metal blank 10 is placed on the frame 3, then the external slide 28 of the press (FIG. 2) comes into contact with the extension 11.
  • the external slide 28 descends gradually, which causes, by the intermediary of the elevation 11, the descent of the body 5 and therefore of the upper peripheral blank holder 6.
  • the latter comes into contact with the sheet blank 10 whose peripheral part is progressively clamped between the upper blank holder 6 and the frame 3 to avoid its scalloping and simultaneously compresses by reaction the elastic cushion 2.
  • the elastic cushion 2 under the effect of this peripheral compression action acts on the central zone of the sheet blank 10 and causes the preforming of said blank.
  • the swelling of the central part of the sheet blank is limited by the bottom of the punch 8 in order to avoid uncontrolled erratic deformations.
  • the descent of the riser 11 is limited by balusters 12.
  • Figure 4 shows the final shaping stage of the part.
  • the central slide 30 of the press comes into contact with the sole 9 of the punch 8 and causes the descent of said punch to its low position which at the same time drives the upper peripheral blank holder 6 via the rods 13 (FIG. 4) for the final forming of the sheet blank 10, preformed during the previous step.
  • the combination of the upper peripheral blank holder 6 and the lower peripheral blank holder formed by the frame 3 makes it possible to have sufficient rigidity to maintain the sheet blank in the area under blank holder during the preforming and shaping steps. .
  • Release stage of finished part is carried out by simultaneously raising the central slide 30 and the external slide 28 which drives the body 5 by means of the extension 11, in turn driving the punch 8 via the rods 13 and the sole 9.
  • the lower peripheral blank holder arranged on the elastic cushion 2 is constituted by a frame 21 with a closed contour which has an appropriate part in shape 21a corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part. to obtain.
  • the device also comprises, as in the previous variant, a body 22 carried by an external slide 28 and the lower part of which constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder 23.
  • the body 22 is provided with a well 24 inside which penetrates a punch 25 having on its lower face an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.
  • the punch 25 has a sole 26 at its upper part.
  • An extension 27 is integral with the body 22 and also includes a central well for the passage of the punch 25.
  • the forming of a sheet blank 20 is carried out as follows.
  • the sheet blank 20 is placed, which rests on the zones 1a and on the connected part 21a of the frame 21.
  • the external slide 28 of the press acts on the body 22 by means of the riser 27.
  • the descent of the external slide 28 is progressively continued so that the upper blank holder 23 of the body 22 causes in localized areas 1a , the falling of the edge of the sheet blank which folds back.
  • the swelling of the central part of the sheet blank is limited by the bottom of the punch 25 in order to avoid uncontrolled erratic deformations.
  • the descent of the riser 27 and of the outer slide 28 is limited by small columns 29.
  • the central slide 30 of the press comes into contact with the sole 26 of the punch 25 and causes the descent of said punch which at the same time drives the upper peripheral blank holder 23 via the rods 13 (FIG. 8) for the final forming of the central part of the sheet blank 20.
  • the lower peripheral blank holder disposed on the elastic cushion 2 is formed by a frame 41 which has on two opposite branches an appropriate shape 41a in convex relief whose height corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part 40 obtained after forming.
  • the device comprises, as for the previous variants, a body 42, the lower part of which forms the upper blank holder 43, a punch 44 and an extension 45.
  • the preforming and the forming of the sheet are carried out in the same way.
  • the lower peripheral blank holder arranged in the tray 1 above the elastic cushion 2 is constituted by a frame 51 having a cross-section.
  • This frame 51 also has on two opposite branches an appropriate shape 51a in convex relief.
  • the device also includes at least one compensation element.
  • This compensating element is to reduce the volume between the upper surface of the elastic cushion 2 and that of the sheet blank pinched between the upper blank holder and the lower blank holder formed by the frame, so as to cause initiation. of the preforming phase from the start of the descent of the upper blank holder.
  • a form of compensation 52 is interposed between the bottom of the tank 1 and the elastic cushion 2.
  • the form of compensation 52 is in this case formed by an incompressible block and has a profile corresponding substantially to the frame profile 51.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to preform the elastic cushion 2 so that it matches the shape of the frame 51 and thus to avoid excessive deformation of said elastic cushion during the preforming and the forming of the part 50.
  • the device obviously includes a body 53, the lower part of which forms the upper blank holder 54, a punch 55, and an extension 56.
  • the lower peripheral blank holder also consists of a frame 51 having a cross-section. But in this case, the volume between the upper face of the elastic cushion 2 and the frame 51 is filled by a compensation element 60.
  • This compensation element consists of a small cushion of elastic material of the same nature as the cushion 2.
  • the compensation elements 52 and 60 therefore have the purpose of reducing the volume between the sheet and the elastic cushion, and thus causing the initiation of the preforming phase from the start of the action of upper blank holder on the ring. .
  • the lower peripheral blank holder according to the invention has a shaped surface profile corresponding substantially to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained and a section of constant thickness in shape or not. . It can also be used as an ejection system for the finished part.
  • this lower blank holder can be constituted by judiciously independent elements. distributed around the periphery of the elastic cushion and in areas where the peripheral area of the sheet blank must be tight.
  • the device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to effectively maintain the peripheral zone of the part during the forming operations and to improve the efficiency and the longevity of the cushion of elastic material for producing deep-drawn parts of medium depth, but of large dimensions.
  • the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but represent complex shapes which cannot be developed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille, notamment de tôles extra-minces de grandes dimensions.The present invention relates to a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular extra-thin sheets of large dimensions.

On connaît, dans le FR-A-2 564 339, un procédé d'emboutissage sur coussin élastique. Selon ce procédé, on dispose la tôle à former sur un coussin élastique, on applique un coulisseau extérieur supportant un serre-flan sur la partie périphérique de la tôle de façon à provoquer le fluage de la masse du coussin élastique pour déformer la partie centrale de la tôle en lui conférant, en fin d'étape de préformage, une surface sensiblement égale à la surface de la pièce finie à obtenir, puis on applique un coulisseau central agissant par un poinçon sur la partie centrale de la tôle pour conformer la pièce à sa forme définitive.FR-A-2 564 339 discloses a drawing process on an elastic cushion. According to this method, the sheet to be formed is placed on an elastic cushion, an external slider is applied supporting a blank holder on the peripheral part of the sheet so as to cause the mass of the elastic cushion to creep in order to deform the central part of the sheet by giving it, at the end of the preforming step, a surface substantially equal to the surface of the finished part to be obtained, then a central slide acting by a punch is applied to the central part of the sheet to conform the part to its final form.

Ce procédé permet l'emboutissage d'un matériau en feuille, en particulier d'un matériau à faible allongement, qui peut être notamment une tôle métallique, par exemple d'acier, bien que ce procédé ne soit pas limité à l'emboutissage de feuille métallique, mais puisse s'appliquer à des matériaux plastiques et à tout autre matériau composite.This process allows the drawing of a sheet material, in particular of a material with low elongation, which can in particular be a metal sheet, for example of steel, although this process is not limited to the drawing of metallic foil, but can be applied to plastic materials and any other composite material.

Le coussin en matériau élastique est décrit comme étant notamment un support composite constitué d'une masse sensiblement parallélépipédique à base d'un élastomère de silicone de faible dureté Shore, pouvant être recouvert sur sa face supérieure et sur la totalité ou une partie de ses faces latérales d'une peau relativement mince en un matériau plus résistant et plus dur.The cushion of elastic material is described as being in particular a composite support consisting of a substantially parallelepiped mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness, which can be covered on its upper face and on all or part of its faces. sides of relatively thin skin made of a more resistant and harder material.

Cette technique où la tôle est posée directement sur le coussin en matériau élastique permet des emboutissages à épaisseur pratiquement constante, et est en particulier utilisable pour des tôles extra-minces ; mais ce procédé ne permet pas de lutter efficacement contre la formation des plis dans les zones à fort rétreint, en particulier les zones anguleuses.This technique where the sheet is placed directly on the cushion of elastic material allows stampings of practically constant thickness, and is in particular usable for extra-thin sheets; but this method does not make it possible to fight effectively against the formation of folds in the zones with strong constriction, in particular the angular zones.

En effet, pour former par emboutissage des pièces de formes diverses et anguleuses, il est nécessaire de réaliser dans ces zones un rétreint important dont la tendance à former des plis ne peut être diminuée que par un accroissement de la pression du serre-flan sur la tôle. Or, avec la technique décrite dans le FR-A-2 564 339, la tôle n'est pas suffisamment maintenue dans la zone sous serre-flan, c'est-à-dire entre le serre-flan et le coussin en matériau élastique qui ne possède pas en lui-même une rigidité suffisante.Indeed, to form by stamping parts of various and angular shapes, it is necessary to achieve in these areas a significant constriction whose tendency to form folds can only be reduced by increasing the pressure of the blank holder on the sheet metal. However, with the technique described in FR-A-2 564 339, the sheet is not sufficiently maintained in the area under the blank holder, that is to say between the blank holder and the cushion of elastic material which does not in itself have sufficient rigidity.

Un autre inconvénient de cette technique connue réside dans la dégradation superficielle du matériau constituant le coussin élastique au niveau de la zone sous serre-flan, ce qui est préjudicable pour la réalisation de pièces en grande série.Another drawback of this known technique lies in the surface degradation of the material constituting the elastic cushion in the area under the blank holder, which is detrimental for the production of parts in large series.

On connaît également dans le FR-A-2.590.814, un procédé d'emboutissage sur coussin élastique, selon lequel on dispose le flan de tôle à former sur un support constituant un bac de rétention pour le coussin élastique, on applique un serre-flan sur la partie périphérique du flan de tôle de façon à réaliser, dans des zones localisées le tombage du bord du flan de tôle et à provoquer le fluage de la masse du coussin élastique pour déformer la partie centrale du flan de tôle, puis on applique un poinçon sur la partie centrale du flan de tôle pour former la pièce à sa forme définitive.Also known from FR-A-2,590,814 is a drawing process on an elastic cushion, according to which the sheet metal blank to be formed is placed on a support constituting a retention tank for the elastic cushion, a clamp is applied. blank on the peripheral part of the sheet blank so as to achieve, in localized areas the falling of the edge of the sheet blank and to cause the creep of the mass of the elastic cushion to deform the central part of the sheet blank, then apply a punch on the central part of the sheet blank to form the part in its final shape.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients et à améliorer l'efficacité et la longévité du coussin en matériau élastique et favorise éventuellement le tombage du bord du flan de tôle total ou partiel, pour obtenir des pièces embouties de moyenne profondeur, mais de grandes dimensions et en grande série telles que des pièces automobiles dont les parties centrales ne sont pratiquement jamais des formes de révolution, mais représentent des formes complexes non développables.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and to improve the efficiency and the longevity of the cushion of elastic material and possibly favors the falling of the edge of the blank of sheet metal, total or partial, to obtain deep-drawn parts of medium depth, but of large dimensions and in large series such as automobile parts, the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but represent complex shapes which cannot be developed.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille, notamment de flans de tôle, comprenant un coussin en un matériau élastique logé dans un bac de rétention, des moyens de préformage du flan de tôle constitués par un coulisseau extérieur portant un serre-flan supérieur, et des moyens de formage définitif dudit flan de tôle constitués par un coulisseau central agissant sur un poinçon, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un serre-flan inférieur constitué par un organe de support et de maintien d'au moins une partie du flan de tôle, placé directement sur le coussin élastique et coopérant avec le serre-flan supérieur pour serrer au moins dans des zones localisées le flan de tôle.The subject of the invention is therefore a device for stamping sheet materials, in particular sheet blanks, comprising a cushion made of an elastic material housed in a retention tank, means for preforming the sheet blank consisting of an external slide. carrying an upper blank holder, and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank formed by a central slide acting on a punch, characterized in that it comprises a lower blank holder constituted by a support and holding member at least part of the sheet blank, placed directly on the elastic cushion and cooperating with the upper blank clamp to clamp at least in localized areas the sheet blank.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention,

  • l'organe de support et de maintien a un profil de surface en forme correspondant au profil de la zone périphérique de la pièce finie à obtenir,
  • l'organe de support et de maintien a une section d'épaisseur constante en forme ou non,
  • l'organe de support et de maintien a une section d'épaisseur variable,
  • l'organe de support et de maintien est constitué par un cadre à contour fermé,
  • l'organe de support et de maintien est constitué par des éléments indépendants disposés dans les zones de serrage du flan de tôle,
  • l'organe de support et de maintien a une section en forme d'équerre.
According to other features of the invention,
  • the support and holding member has a shaped surface profile corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained,
  • the support and holding member has a section of constant thickness, whether shaped or not,
  • the support and holding member has a section of variable thickness,
  • the support and holding member is constituted by a frame with closed contour,
  • the support and holding member is consisting of independent elements arranged in the clamping areas of the sheet blank,
  • the support and holding member has a cross-section.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif comporte des éléments de compensation.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the device includes compensation elements.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée montrant les différents éléments constituant le dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2 à 4 sont des vues en coupe selon la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1, au cours des étapes successives de formage d'une pièce,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe en perspective éclatée d'une première variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • les figures 6 à 8 sont des vues en coupe selon la ligne 6-6 de la figure 5, au cours des étapes successives de formage d'une pièce,
  • la figure 9 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une seconde variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une troisième variante du dispositif d'emboutissage,
  • la figure 11 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une quatrième variante du dispositif d'emboutissage.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the various elements constituting the stamping device according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are sectional views along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, during the successive stages of forming a part,
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective sectional view of a first variant of the stamping device,
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 are sectional views along line 6-6 of FIG. 5, during the successive stages of forming a part,
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a second variant of the stamping device,
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a third variant of the stamping device,
  • Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of a fourth variant of the stamping device.

Le dispositif d'emboutissage représenté aux figures 1 à 4 comporte un bac 1 dont la partie centrale constitue un logement pour un coussin 2 en un matériau élastique.The stamping device shown in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a tank 1, the central part of which constitutes a housing for a cushion 2 in one elastic material.

Sur la face supérieure du coussin élastique 2 est disposé un cadre 3 à contour fermé qui constitue un serre-flan périphérique inférieur et qui épouse sensiblement le contour du logement interne du bac 1 de façon à pouvoir pénétrer dans ledit logement au moment du formage de la pièce.On the upper face of the elastic cushion 2 is disposed a frame 3 with a closed contour which constitutes a lower peripheral blank holder and which substantially follows the contour of the internal housing of the container 1 so as to be able to penetrate into said housing when the room.

Au-dessus du bac 1, le dispositif d'emboutissage comporte un corps 5 fixé à une rehausse 11 portée par un coulisseau extérieur 28. La partie inférieure 6 du corps constitue un serre-flan périphérique supérieur.Above tank 1, the stamping device comprises a body 5 fixed to an extension 11 carried by an external slide 28. The lower part 6 of the body constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder.

Le serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6 a un diamètre extérieur légèrement inférieur au contour du logement interne du bac 1 de façon à coopérer avec le cadre 3 et à pénétrer dans ledit logement.The upper peripheral blank holder 6 has an outside diameter slightly smaller than the outline of the internal housing of the container 1 so as to cooperate with the frame 3 and to penetrate into said housing.

Le corps 5 comporte un puits central 7 à l'intérieur duquel pénètre un poinçon 8 comportant à sa partie supérieure une semelle 9. La rehausse 11 comporte également un puits central pour le passage d'un poinçon 8 et la semelle 9.The body 5 has a central well 7 inside which penetrates a punch 8 comprising at its upper part a sole 9. The extension 11 also includes a central well for the passage of a punch 8 and the sole 9.

La face inférieure du poinçon 8 comporte une empreinte correspondant au profil de la pièce finie à obtenir.The underside of the punch 8 has an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.

Le formage d'un flan de tôle 10 est réalisé de la manière suivante.The forming of a sheet blank 10 is carried out as follows.

Tout d'abord, on pose le flan de tôle 10 sur le cadre 3, puis le coulisseau extérieur 28 de la presse (figure 2) vient en contact avec la rehausse 11. Le coulisseau extérieur 28 descend progressivement, ce qui provoque, par l'intermédiaire de la rehausse 11 , la descente du corps 5 et par conséquent du serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6. Celui-ci entre en contact avec le flan de tôle 10 dont la partie périphérique est progressivement serrée entre le serre-flan supérieur 6 et le cadre 3 pour éviter son festonnage et simultanément comprime par réaction le coussin élastique 2.First of all, the sheet metal blank 10 is placed on the frame 3, then the external slide 28 of the press (FIG. 2) comes into contact with the extension 11. The external slide 28 descends gradually, which causes, by the intermediary of the elevation 11, the descent of the body 5 and therefore of the upper peripheral blank holder 6. The latter comes into contact with the sheet blank 10 whose peripheral part is progressively clamped between the upper blank holder 6 and the frame 3 to avoid its scalloping and simultaneously compresses by reaction the elastic cushion 2.

Le coussin élastique 2 sous l'effet de cette action de compression périphérique (figure 3) agit sur la zone centrale du flan de tôle 10 et provoque le préformage dudit flan.The elastic cushion 2 under the effect of this peripheral compression action (FIG. 3) acts on the central zone of the sheet blank 10 and causes the preforming of said blank.

Le gonflement de la partie centrale du flan de tôle est limité par le fond du poinçon 8 afin d'éviter les déformations erratiques incontrôlées. La descente de la rehausse 11 est limitée par des colonnettes 12.The swelling of the central part of the sheet blank is limited by the bottom of the punch 8 in order to avoid uncontrolled erratic deformations. The descent of the riser 11 is limited by balusters 12.

La figure 4 représente l'étape de conformation finale de la pièce. Le coulisseau central 30 de la presse vient en contact avec la semelle 9 du poinçon 8 et provoque la descente dudit poinçon à sa position basse qui entraîne en même temps le serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6 par l'intermédiaire des tiges 13 (figure 4) pour le formage final du flan de tôle 10, préformé au cours de l'étape précédente.Figure 4 shows the final shaping stage of the part. The central slide 30 of the press comes into contact with the sole 9 of the punch 8 and causes the descent of said punch to its low position which at the same time drives the upper peripheral blank holder 6 via the rods 13 (FIG. 4) for the final forming of the sheet blank 10, preformed during the previous step.

Les contraintes de compression dues à l'appui du poinçon 8 sur le sommet du flan de tôle se transforment sous l'action du coussin élastique 2, agissant sur la face opposée du flan de tôle, en contraintes de traction exercées sur toute la surface dudit flan de tôle et provoquent le déplacement de cette tôle dans tout le volume disponible.The compressive stresses due to the support of the punch 8 on the top of the sheet blank turn under the action of the elastic cushion 2, acting on the opposite face of the sheet blank, into tensile stresses exerted on the entire surface of said sheet. sheet blank and cause this sheet to move throughout the available volume.

La combinaison du serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6 et du serre-flan périphérique inférieur constitué par le cadre 3 permet d'avoir une rigidité suffisante pour maintenir le flan de tôle dans la zone sous serre-flan au cours des étapes de préformage et de conformation.The combination of the upper peripheral blank holder 6 and the lower peripheral blank holder formed by the frame 3 makes it possible to have sufficient rigidity to maintain the sheet blank in the area under blank holder during the preforming and shaping steps. .

L'étape de libération de la pièce finie s'effectue par remontée simultanée du coulisseau central 30 et du coulisseau extérieur 28 qui entraîne par l'intermédiaire de la rehausse 11 le corps 5 entraînant à son tour le poinçon 8 par l'intermédiaire des tiges 13 et de la semelle 9.Release stage of finished part is carried out by simultaneously raising the central slide 30 and the external slide 28 which drives the body 5 by means of the extension 11, in turn driving the punch 8 via the rods 13 and the sole 9.

Selon une variante illustrée aux figures 5 à 8, le serre-flan périphérique inférieur disposé sur le coussin élastique 2 est constitué par un cadre 21 à contour fermé qui présente une partie appropriée en forme 21a correspondant au profil de la zone périphérique de la pièce finie à obtenir.According to a variant illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8, the lower peripheral blank holder arranged on the elastic cushion 2 is constituted by a frame 21 with a closed contour which has an appropriate part in shape 21a corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part. to obtain.

Le dispositif comprend également, comme dans la variante précédente, un corps 22 porté par un coulisseau extérieur 28 et dont la partie inférieure constitue un serre-flan périphérique supérieur 23. Le corps 22 est muni d'un puits 24 à l'intérieur duquel pénètre un poinçon 25 comportant sur sa face inférieure une empreinte correspondant au profil de la pièce finie à obtenir. Le poinçon 25 comporte à sa partie supérieure une semelle 26.The device also comprises, as in the previous variant, a body 22 carried by an external slide 28 and the lower part of which constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder 23. The body 22 is provided with a well 24 inside which penetrates a punch 25 having on its lower face an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained. The punch 25 has a sole 26 at its upper part.

Une réhausse 27 est solidaire du corps 22 et comporte également un puits central pour le passage du poinçon 25.An extension 27 is integral with the body 22 and also includes a central well for the passage of the punch 25.

De plus, sur la face supérieure du bac 1 sont ménagées des zones déterminées 1a qui coopèrent avec le serre-flan périphérique supérieur 23 pour réaliser dans des zones localisées un tombage du bord de flan de tôle 20.In addition, on the upper face of the tank 1 are provided specific zones 1a which cooperate with the upper peripheral blank holder 23 to produce in localized areas a falling off of the sheet blank edge 20.

Le formage d'un flan de tôle 20 est réalisé de la manière suivante.The forming of a sheet blank 20 is carried out as follows.

Tout d'abord, on pose le flan de tôle 20, qui repose sur les zones 1a et sur la partie reliée 21a du cadre 21.First of all, the sheet blank 20 is placed, which rests on the zones 1a and on the connected part 21a of the frame 21.

Dans un premier temps, le coulisseau extérieur 28 de la presse (figure 6) agit sur le corps 22 par l'intermédiaire de la rehausse 27. On poursuit progressivement la descente du coulisseau extérieur 28 de telle sorte que le serre-flan supérieur 23 du corps 22 provoque dans des zones localisées 1a, le tombage du bord du flan de tôle qui se replie.At first, the external slide 28 of the press (FIG. 6) acts on the body 22 by means of the riser 27. The descent of the external slide 28 is progressively continued so that the upper blank holder 23 of the body 22 causes in localized areas 1a , the falling of the edge of the sheet blank which folds back.

Par conséquent, au cours de cette première étape, des zones localisées de la partie périphérique du flan de tôle 20, qui sont soumises à fort rétreint, sont maintenues entre les zones déterminées 1a et le serre-flan 23, afin de réaliser dans ces zones le tombage du bord du flan de tôle, permettant ainsi de réduire le volume de métal à rétreindre.Consequently, during this first step, localized zones of the peripheral part of the sheet blank 20, which are subjected to strong shrinkage, are maintained between the determined zones 1a and the blank holder 23, in order to produce in these zones falling off the edge of the sheet blank, thereby reducing the volume of metal to be shrunk.

Ensuite, on poursuit la descente du coulisseau extérieur 28 pour maintenir et former le flan de la tôle 20 entre le serre-flan supérieur 23 et le serre-flan inférieur constitué par le cadre 21. Simultanément, le coussin élastique 2 est comprimé, et, sous l'effet de cette action de compression périphérique (figure 7), agit par fluage de la zone centrale du flan de tôle 20 et provoque le préformage dudit flan.Then, the lowering of the outer slide 28 is continued to maintain and form the blank of the sheet 20 between the upper blank holder 23 and the lower blank holder formed by the frame 21. Simultaneously, the elastic cushion 2 is compressed, and, under the effect of this peripheral compression action (FIG. 7), acts by creep of the central zone of the sheet blank 20 and causes the preforming of said blank.

Le gonflement de la partie centrale du flan de tôle est limité par le fond du poinçon 25 afin d'éviter les déformations erratiques incontrôlées. Comme pour la variante précédente, la descente de la réhausse 27 et du coulisseau extérieur 28, est limitée par des colonnettes 29.The swelling of the central part of the sheet blank is limited by the bottom of the punch 25 in order to avoid uncontrolled erratic deformations. As with the previous variant, the descent of the riser 27 and of the outer slide 28 is limited by small columns 29.

Ensuite, le coulisseau central 30 de la presse vient en contact avec la semelle 26 du poinçon 25 et provoque la descente dudit poinçon qui entraîne en même temps le serre-flan périphérique supérieur 23 par l'intermédiaire des tiges 13 (figure 8) pour le formage final de la partie centrale du flan de tôle 20.Then, the central slide 30 of the press comes into contact with the sole 26 of the punch 25 and causes the descent of said punch which at the same time drives the upper peripheral blank holder 23 via the rods 13 (FIG. 8) for the final forming of the central part of the sheet blank 20.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 9, le serre-flan périphérique inférieur disposé sur le coussin élastique 2 est formé par un cadre 41 qui présente sur deux branches opposées une forme appropriée 41a en relief convexe dont la hauteur correspondant au profil de la zone périphérique de la pièce finie 40 obtenue après formage.According to another embodiment illustrated in Figure 9, the lower peripheral blank holder disposed on the elastic cushion 2 is formed by a frame 41 which has on two opposite branches an appropriate shape 41a in convex relief whose height corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part 40 obtained after forming.

Le dispositif comporte, comme pour les variantes précédentes, un corps 42 dont la partie inférieure forme le serre-flan supérieur 43, un poinçon 44 et une réhausse 45. Le préformage et le formage de la tôle sont réalisés de la même manière.The device comprises, as for the previous variants, a body 42, the lower part of which forms the upper blank holder 43, a punch 44 and an extension 45. The preforming and the forming of the sheet are carried out in the same way.

Selon une autre variante illustrée à la figure 10, le serre-flan périphérique inférieur disposé dans le bac 1 au-dessus du coussin élastique 2 est constitué par un cadre 51 ayant une section en forme d'équerre. Ce cadre 51 présente également sur deux branches opposées une forme appropriée 51a en relief convexe.According to another variant illustrated in Figure 10, the lower peripheral blank holder arranged in the tray 1 above the elastic cushion 2 is constituted by a frame 51 having a cross-section. This frame 51 also has on two opposite branches an appropriate shape 51a in convex relief.

Lorsque cela est nécessaire, le dispositif comporte également au moins un élément de compensation. Cet élément de compensation a pour objet de réduire le volume entre la surface supérieure du coussin élastique 2 et celle du flan de tôle pincée entre le serre-flan supérieur et le serre-flan inférieur constitué par le cadre, de façon à provoquer l'initiation de la phase de préformage dès le début de la descente du serre-flan supérieur.When necessary, the device also includes at least one compensation element. The purpose of this compensating element is to reduce the volume between the upper surface of the elastic cushion 2 and that of the sheet blank pinched between the upper blank holder and the lower blank holder formed by the frame, so as to cause initiation. of the preforming phase from the start of the descent of the upper blank holder.

Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 10, une forme de compensation 52 est interposée entre le fond du bac 1 et le coussin élastique 2. La forme de compensation 52 est dans ce cas formée par un bloc incompressible et a un profil correspondant sensiblement au profil du cadre 51.In the example shown in FIG. 10, a form of compensation 52 is interposed between the bottom of the tank 1 and the elastic cushion 2. The form of compensation 52 is in this case formed by an incompressible block and has a profile corresponding substantially to the frame profile 51.

Cette disposition permet de préformer le coussin élastique 2 pour qu'il épouse la forme du cadre 51 et d'éviter ainsi une déformation trop importante dudit coussin élastique au moment du préformage et du formage de la pièce 50.This arrangement makes it possible to preform the elastic cushion 2 so that it matches the shape of the frame 51 and thus to avoid excessive deformation of said elastic cushion during the preforming and the forming of the part 50.

Le dispositif comporte, bien évidemment, un corps 53 dont la partie inférieure forme le serre-flan supérieur 54, un poinçon 55, et une réhausse 56.The device obviously includes a body 53, the lower part of which forms the upper blank holder 54, a punch 55, and an extension 56.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de la variante de la figure 10, illustrée à la figure 11, le serre-flan périphérique inférieur est également constitué par un cadre 51 ayant une section en forme d'équerre. Mais dans ce cas, le volume compris entre la face supérieure du coussin élastique 2 et le cadre 51 est comblé par un élément de compensation 60. Cet élément de compensation est constitué par un petit coussin en matériau élastique de même nature que le coussin 2.According to another embodiment of the variant of Figure 10, illustrated in Figure 11, the lower peripheral blank holder also consists of a frame 51 having a cross-section. But in this case, the volume between the upper face of the elastic cushion 2 and the frame 51 is filled by a compensation element 60. This compensation element consists of a small cushion of elastic material of the same nature as the cushion 2.

On retrouve également dans cette variante le corps 53, le poinçon 55 et la réhausse 56.We also find in this variant the body 53, the punch 55 and the raiser 56.

Les éléments de compensation 52 et 60 ont donc pour objet de réduire le volume entre la tôle et le coussin élastique, et provoquer ainsi l'initiation de la phase de préformage dès le début de l'action de serre-flan supérieur sur l'anneau.The compensation elements 52 and 60 therefore have the purpose of reducing the volume between the sheet and the elastic cushion, and thus causing the initiation of the preforming phase from the start of the action of upper blank holder on the ring. .

D'une manière générale, le serre-flan périphérique inférieur, selon l'invention, a un profil de surface en forme correspondant sensiblement au profil de la zone périphérique de la pièce finie à obtenir et une section d'épaisseur constante en forme ou non. Il peut également être utilisé comme système d'éjection de la pièce finie.In general, the lower peripheral blank holder according to the invention has a shaped surface profile corresponding substantially to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained and a section of constant thickness in shape or not. . It can also be used as an ejection system for the finished part.

De plus, ce serre-flan inférieur peut être constitué par des éléments indépendants judicieusement répartis sur le pourtour du coussin élastique et dans des zones où la zone périphérique du flan de tôle doit être serré.In addition, this lower blank holder can be constituted by judiciously independent elements. distributed around the periphery of the elastic cushion and in areas where the peripheral area of the sheet blank must be tight.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet donc de maintenir efficacement la zone périphérique de la pièce pendant les opérations de formage et d'améliorer l'efficacité et la longévité du coussin en matériau élastique pour réaliser des pièces embouties de moyenne pronfondeur, mais de grandes dimensions telles que des pièces automobiles dont les parties centrales ne sont pratiquement jamais des formes de révolution, mais représentent des formes complexes non développables.The device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to effectively maintain the peripheral zone of the part during the forming operations and to improve the efficiency and the longevity of the cushion of elastic material for producing deep-drawn parts of medium depth, but of large dimensions. such as automobile parts, the central parts of which are practically never forms of revolution, but represent complex shapes which cannot be developed.

Claims (12)

1. An apparatus for stamping materials in sheets, in particular sheet blanks (10, 20, 40, 50), comprising a pad (2) of a resilient material accommodated in a holder box (1), means for preforming the sheet blank constituted by an outer press ram (28) carrying an upper blank holder (6-23-43-54), and means for the final forming of the said sheet blank constituted by a central press ram (30) acting on a punch (8-25-44-55), characterized in that it includes a lower blank holder constituted by an element (3, 21, 41, 51) for supporting and holding at least one portion of the sheet blank (10, 20, 40, 50) placed directly on the resilient pad (2) and cooperating with the upper blank holder (6-23-43-54) for clamping the sheet blank at least in localized zones.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting and holding element (3, 21, 41, 51) has a surface profile in a shape corresponding to the profile of the peripheral zone of the finished part to be obtained.
3. An apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the supporting and holding element (3, 21, 41, 51) has a cross-section with a thickness that is constant in shape or not.
4. An apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the supporting and holding element (3, 21, 41, 51) has a cross-section with a variable thickness.
5. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting and holding element is constituted by a frame (3, 21, 41, 51) with a closed contour.
6. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting and holding element (3, 21, 41, 51) is constituted by independent elements disposed in the zones where the sheet blank is clamped.
7. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting and holding element (51) has a right-angled cross-section.
8. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes compensating elements (52, 60).
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the compensating elements (52) are disposed beneath the said resilient pad (2).
10. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the compensating elements (52) are constituted by an incompressible block.
11. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the compensating elements (60) are interposed between the supporting and holding element (51) and the resilient pad (2).
12. An apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the compensating elements are constituted by a small pad of a resilient material of the same kind as the pad (2).
EP89403591A 1988-12-30 1989-12-20 Device for deep-drawing sheet materials Expired - Lifetime EP0380894B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89403591T ATE75640T1 (en) 1988-12-30 1989-12-20 DEVICE FOR DEEP DRAWING SHEET MATERIALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817525A FR2641215A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 DEVICE FOR STAMPING SHEET MATERIALS
FR8817525 1988-12-30

Publications (2)

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EP0380894A1 EP0380894A1 (en) 1990-08-08
EP0380894B1 true EP0380894B1 (en) 1992-05-06

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US (1) US5067336A (en)
EP (1) EP0380894B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2680905B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1018528B (en)
AR (1) AR247122A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE75640T1 (en)
AU (1) AU628456B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8906860A (en)
CA (1) CA2006774C (en)
CZ (1) CZ283164B6 (en)
DD (1) DD294439A5 (en)
DE (1) DE68901457D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2033118T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2641215A1 (en)
GR (1) GR3005288T3 (en)
HU (1) HU205286B (en)
RO (1) RO106971B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2037353C1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA899910B (en)

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DD294439A5 (en) 1991-10-02
CN1043893A (en) 1990-07-18
US5067336A (en) 1991-11-26
ES2033118T3 (en) 1993-03-01
CA2006774A1 (en) 1990-06-30
AU628456B2 (en) 1992-09-17
CZ283164B6 (en) 1998-01-14
CA2006774C (en) 1997-03-04
GR3005288T3 (en) 1993-05-24
EP0380894A1 (en) 1990-08-08
HU205286B (en) 1992-04-28
AR247122A1 (en) 1994-11-30
DE68901457D1 (en) 1992-06-11
ZA899910B (en) 1991-08-28
RU2037353C1 (en) 1995-06-19
RO106971B1 (en) 1993-08-30
CS751489A3 (en) 1992-01-15
HUT54540A (en) 1991-03-28
JP2680905B2 (en) 1997-11-19
AU4730589A (en) 1990-07-05
FR2641215A1 (en) 1990-07-06
ATE75640T1 (en) 1992-05-15
HU896792D0 (en) 1990-03-28
BR8906860A (en) 1990-09-25
CN1018528B (en) 1992-10-07
JPH03198924A (en) 1991-08-30

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