EP0488863B1 - Pyrotechnischer Detonator mit Koaxialverbindungen - Google Patents

Pyrotechnischer Detonator mit Koaxialverbindungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0488863B1
EP0488863B1 EP91403158A EP91403158A EP0488863B1 EP 0488863 B1 EP0488863 B1 EP 0488863B1 EP 91403158 A EP91403158 A EP 91403158A EP 91403158 A EP91403158 A EP 91403158A EP 0488863 B1 EP0488863 B1 EP 0488863B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
socket
anvil
detonator
detonator according
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91403158A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0488863A1 (de
Inventor
Thierry Aureal
Joel Bansard
Gérard Humily
Christophe Riviere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Publication of EP0488863A1 publication Critical patent/EP0488863A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/195—Manufacture
    • F42B3/198—Manufacture of electric initiator heads e.g., testing, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/124—Bridge initiators characterised by the configuration or material of the bridge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pyrotechnic detonator with coaxial connections, of the sprayed layer type.
  • Such detonators can be used in particular to trigger the operation of military charges or rocket propellants, missiles and any other guided projectile or gas generators (in this case, the detonators are called igniters because of their use).
  • the invention relates more particularly to the first type of process in which a conductive element is used on which the material to be projected has been placed.
  • an electrical discharge of very short duration but of very high intensity, is sent into the electrical element.
  • the material is then projected against the intermediate load and causes its initiation.
  • a first category of this type of detonator described in French patent application No. 87 08813 filed on June 23, 1987, is equipped with an electrical element consisting two strands connected at their ends and placed close enough to each other to form a conductor with little inductive effect.
  • This electrical element exits laterally at least on one of the walls of the device to connect to an external electrical supply.
  • This flat connection is difficult to implement and is very fragile.
  • the realization of such a system poses problems of integration, size, tightness and hermeticity.
  • detonators Another category of detonators, described in the same patent application, has an electrical element, the power supply of which is carried out using two electrodes, placed perpendicularly to the electrical element.
  • the space requirement even if it is reduced compared to the production of the first type of detonator, is always significant.
  • sealing and hermeticity problems which are not resolved in this system and which can promote events, for example corrosion of the conductive element, tending to deteriorate the system.
  • the present invention relates to a detonator starting from the same principles but notably improving the previous device from the point of view in particular of simplicity, robustness and cost, thanks to a lighter and more compact structure.
  • the detonator according to the invention is a projected layer detonator ("slapper detonator” or even EFI “Exploding Foil Initiator” in Anglo-Saxon literature). It comprises in known manner, as was briefly indicated above, an electrical circuit such that a current pulse of a few thousand amps generated in a few tens of nanoseconds causes the volatilization of part of a metallic conductor ( fuse bridge) and the formation of a metallic plasma. The very brutal expansion of the confined metallic plasma is used to project onto the face of a secondary explosive charge a projectile consisting of a disc of plastic material a few tens of micrometers thick and with a diameter of the order of millimeter. The detonation of the secondary explosive charge of the detonator is triggered by the impact of the projectile on the explosive with a very high impact speed.
  • FIG. 1 shows in section an embodiment of a detonator according to the invention based on these principles of operation.
  • This detonator essentially comprises a metallic cylindrical anvil 1 carrying a fusible bridge 112, a socket 2 of revolution made of dielectric material, electrical control means with a sprayed layer comprising the fusible bridge, a layer of material 13 and a mechanical confinement obtained at using a barrel 3 comprising a hole 30, pyrotechnic means 4, 5, 6 and a cover 8 closing the assembly.
  • the socket-anvil assembly is assembled using a part 12 in the form of a cylindrical ring with a flange.
  • the anvil 1 is for example a cylindrical piece of alumina which has on its bottom a conductive surface 10 in the form, for example, of a disc, serving as an electrical contact zone.
  • a conductive surface 10 in the form, for example, of a disc, serving as an electrical contact zone.
  • the fuse bridge 112 On the opposite face of the anvil 1 is formed, as shown in FIG. 2, the fuse bridge 112, one end 111 of which is connected to a peripheral circular conductive surface 110 and the other end of which is connected to the conductive surface 10 of contact by at least one hermetic electrical crossing 14, constituted for example by a metallized hole filled or closed by a conductive element.
  • the assembly 11 of the conductive surface 110 and the fuse bridge 111, 112 is obtained for example by metallization.
  • the sleeve 2 (FIG. 1) is a part of revolution, in alumina for example, having a cylindrical body and a guide shoulder 20.
  • the sleeve 2 is connected to the anvil 1 by the cylindrical collar ring 12, for example by brazing, the flange being brazed on the surface 110 of the anvil 1.
  • the upper face (in the position shown in FIG. 1) of the guide shoulder 20 carries a bearing surface 21 intended to transmit the contact pressure necessary for the flat connection 10 of the detonator with an external box, not shown.
  • a closing cylinder 7 In the opening of the sleeve 2 on the side of the shoulder 20 is fixed, for example by brazing, a closing cylinder 7.
  • This cylinder can in particular be made of stainless steel.
  • a disc of material 13 for example polyimide (disc called “flyer” in English literature). This disc is held in place against the fuse bridge on the anvil 1 by the barrel 3 which can also be made of alumina.
  • the pyrotechnic means consist of a cylindrical case 4, for example of stainless steel, in which an explosive charge composed of two secondary explosives 5 and 6 is contained.
  • the assembly formed of the material 13, of the barrel 3 and of the pyrotechnic means 4, 5, 6 is put in compression against the anvil 1 thanks to the cover 8 made integral with the closing cylinder 7.
  • a flexible cylindrical contact part 9 comprises a cylindrical part in contact or brazed to the ring 12 and flexible folded tabs. The part 9 is therefore electrically connected to the end 111 of the fuse bridge via the ring 12 and the conductive surface 110 on the anvil 1.
  • the assembled detonator can be very easily introduced into a cylindrical case comprising at the bottom and on its internal lateral face two conductive surfaces constituting the electrical supply inlets of the initiation system, and which are in contact respectively with the contact surface 10 and the tabs of part 9 of the detonator. It is also very easy to remove the detonator from the housing, for example to carry out tests.
  • the anvil 1 is obtained from a large alumina substrate.
  • the substrate is pierced with holes which are plugged with copper to make the watertight bushings 14.
  • To plug these holes one can either braze a copper pin in each hole after the inner surface of the holes has been metallized, or fill the holes by suction of a screen printing paste.
  • After rectification of the two faces of the alumina substrate these are metallized by sputtering.
  • the metallization preferably comprises, in addition, a layer of gold of a few micrometers for the protection of the contacts 10.
  • the desired geometry for the circuits of the two faces is then obtained by chemical etching. Finally, each anvil is cut by laser in the substrate.
  • the sleeve 2 is also made of alumina which can be machined in the mass or obtained by sintering then rectification. The sleeve is metallized on its external lateral face and on its internal diameter at the level of the guide shoulder.
  • the closing cylinder 7 is brazed at high temperature on the bushing then the flange ring 12 is brazed at low temperature on the bushing.
  • the cylindrical contact piece 9 can be obtained from a strip of copper-beryllium alloy from which the contact tabs are cut. The tabs are then curved by forming and the strip is rolled up and cut to the correct length. The open ring thus obtained is annealed to stabilize its mechanical properties, in particular its elasticity. It can be browned to ensure better resistance to corrosion.
  • the pyrotechnic means comprise a cylindrical case 4 of stainless steel in which the explosive charge is placed.
  • the loading of these two explosives is carried out by compression at constant height in the case 4.
  • the use of two secondary explosives is given only by way of example.
  • the mounting of the detonator according to the invention is carried out in two stages: assembly of the inert body (anvil, contact piece socket, closing cylinder) then mounting of the plastic material 13, of the barrel and of the loaded case and closing of the thanks to the cover.
  • the closing cylinder 7 is first brazed on the sleeve 2 at high temperature and then the cylindrical ring 12 is brazed at low temperature on the sleeve.
  • the assembly is then brazed to the metallized anvil (brazing of the collar of the ring 12 on the surface 110).
  • the cylindrical contact part 9 (open ring) is then transferred to the body of the sleeve 2 and of the ring 12 where it is kept in contact simply by its elasticity or by soldering.
  • the plastic material disc 13, the barrel 3 and the loaded case 4 are successively introduced into the assembly assembled during the first step.
  • the cover 8 covers the assembly and ensures sufficient compression of the elements 13, 3 and 4, 5, 6 against the anvil 1 for the confinement of the copper plasma during the operation of the detonator.
  • the cover 8 is made integral with the closing cylinder 7 by laser welding.
  • one of the major advantages of the detonator according to the invention is total airtightness. This hermeticity is ensured by the soldering of the ring 12 on the anvil 1 and the sleeve 2, of the closing cylinder 7 on the sleeve 2, by the laser welding of the cover 8 on the cylinder 7 and by the hermetic electrical bushings 14.
  • the active parts of the detonator fuse bridge 112, plastic material 13 and explosive charge 4, 5, 6) are thus protected from corrosion and aging due to the ambient atmosphere, which allows prolonged storage.
  • the architecture of the detonator allows, as already mentioned, easy installation and disassembly, which allows maintenance operations and testing of electronic ignition means.
  • the lightness of the detonator and its particularly compact architecture make it able to withstand the mechanical stresses that it is likely to encounter in various types of ammunition.
  • Another major advantage of the detonator according to the invention is the possibility of automating its production, therefore of reducing its cost.
  • FIG. 3 an alternative embodiment of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve 2 ′, the closing cylinder 7 ′ and the ring 12 ′ are produced and assembled in a single operation.
  • the socket 2 ′ is produced from a plastic material, by injection, the cylinder 7 ′ and the ring 12 ′ being inserts embedded in the socket.
  • FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, possible shapes for the ring 12 ′, bent at 120 inwards on the side opposite the flange, and for the cylinder 7 ′ having beads 70 outwards at the level of its insertion in the socket 2 ′.
  • This includes, like the sleeve 2 of Figure 1, a guide shoulder 20 'with a pressure surface 21'.
  • the sleeve 2 ′ with the cylinder 7 ′ and the ring 12 ′ fulfills exactly the same functions as the alumina sleeve 2 assembled with the closing cylinder 7 and the ring 12 of FIG. 1.
  • the sleeve 2 ′ can be made of high-performance polymer material, for example by injection of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) loaded with glass fibers for a good mechanical resistance.
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PET Polyethersulfone
  • the chosen material must withstand high temperatures (minimum 200 ° C) and be waterproof even when thin.
  • the anvil 1 can also be produced with the same materials according to the same technique.
  • the sealed bushings 14 and the planar contact surface 10 are then produced in the form of inserts. Only the fuse circuit and the conductive surface 110 are produced by sputtering and chemical etching.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Claims (17)

  1. Pyrotechnischer Detonator mit koaxialen Anschlüssen, der aufweist:
    - elektrische Steuermittel mit Schleuderschicht, die aus einer Strahlbüchse (3, 30), einem ersten, eine Rückstoßplatte bildenden zylindrischen Element (1) aus Isoliermaterial und einer von einer Schmelzbrücke gebildete Einheit (111, 112) bestehen, auf der eine dünne Schicht eines Materials (13) liegt und die zwischen dem ersten zylindrischen Element (1) und der Strahlbüchse (3, 30) angeordnet ist,
    - elektrische Speisemittel für die Steuermittel mit mindestens einer leitenden Fläche (10) auf der Rückseite der Rückstoßplatte (1) und mit hermetisch dichten elektrischen Durchlaßmitteln (14), die die leitende Fläche (10) und ein Ende der Schmelzbrücke (111, 112) durch die Rückstoßplatte hindurch miteinander verbinden,
    - pyrotechnische Mittel (4, 5, 6), die von den elektrischen Steuermitteln mit Schleuderschicht ausgelöst werden,
    - und ein zweites zylindrisches Element (2; 2') aus Isoliermaterial in Form einer Hülse sowie hermetisch dichte Montagemittel zwischen der Hülse und der Rückstoßplatte,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse mit einem Ende auf der Rückstoßplatte (1) aufliegt und an einem anderen Ende eine Führungsschulter (20; 20') enthält, daß außerdem ein elastisches zylindrisches Kontaktstück (9) vorgesehen ist, das die Hülse zwischen der Schulter und dem kreisförmigen Rand der Rückstoßplatte umgibt, und daß hermetisch dicht schließende Verschlußmittel (7, 8; 7') für den Detonator vorgesehen sind, die an dem Ende der Hülse (2; 2') befestigt sind, an dem die Schulter (20; 20') liegt, und die pyrotechnischen Mittel (4, 5, 6) im Inneren der Hülse gegen die Strahlbüchse (3, 30) drücken.
  2. Detonator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur hermetisch dichten Montage einen zylindrischen Metallring mit Kragen (12; 12') aufweisen, der am zylindrischen Mantel der Hülse (2; 2') und an der die Schmelzbrücke tragenden Oberfläche der Rückstoßplatte (1) befestigt ist.
  3. Detonator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Seite der Rückstoßplatte (1), auf der sich die Schmelzbrücke befindet, eine periphere kreisförmige leitende Oberfläche (110) besitzt, wobei diejenige Seite (111) der Schmelzbrücke, die nicht mit den elektrischen Durchlaßmitteln (14) verbunden ist, mit der peripheren leitenden Oberfläche (110) verbunden ist, und daß die Schmelzbrücke (111, 112) und die periphere leitende Oberfläche (110) aus einer auf die Rückstoßplatte (1) aufgebrachten Metallschicht bestehen.
  4. Detonator nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallring (12) auf die periphere leitende Oberfläche (110) und auf die Hülse (2) aufgelötet ist, deren Mantelfläche metallbeschichtet ist.
  5. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum hermetisch dichten Verschluß einen Verschlußzylinder (7; 7'), der in der Öffnung der Hülse (2) in Höhe der Führungsschulter (20; 20') befestigt ist, und einen Deckel (8) aufweisen, der auf den Verschlußzylinder paßt und die pyrotechnischen Mittel einschließt, die sich in der durch den Zylinder (7; 7') verlängerten Hülse (2) befinden, wobei der Deckel auf den Verschlußzylinder so aufgeschweißt ist, daß die pyrotechnischen Mittel, die Strahlbüchse und das Material (13) auf die Rückstoßplatte (1) gepreßt werden.
  6. Detonator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die pyrotechnischen Mittel ein zylindrisches Etui (4) aufweisen, in dem sich eine komprimierte Explosivladung (5, 6) befindet.
  7. Detonator nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Etui aus rostfreiem Stahl ist.
  8. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verschlußzylinder (7) auf die Hülse (2) aufgelötet ist, deren innere Oberfläche an ihrem der Führungsschulter (20) benachbarten Ende metallbeschichtet ist.
  9. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (2) und die Rückstoßplatte (1) aus Aluminiumoxid sind.
  10. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 oder 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (2') aus einem Kunststoffmaterial und der Ring (12') sowie der Verschlußzylinder (7') aus in die Hülse eingebetteten Einsätzen bestehen, wobei der Ring (12') auf die Rückstoßplatte (1) aufgelötet ist.
  11. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückstoßplatte (1) aus einem Kunststoffmaterial besteht und daß die hermetisch dichten Durchlaßmittel (14) und die leitende Fläche (10) auf der Rückseite der Rückstoßplatte als Einsätze ausgebildet sind.
  12. Detonator nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kunststoffmaterial aus Polyäther-Ätherketon mit Glasfasern besteht.
  13. Detonator nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kunststoffmaterial aus Polyäthersulfon mit Glasfasern besteht.
  14. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elastische zylindrische Kontaktstück (9) um den Ring (12) herumgerollt ist und mit diesem in elektrischem Kontakt steht.
  15. Detonator nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kontaktstück (9) auf die äußere Zylinderfläche des Rings (12) aufgelötet ist.
  16. Detonator nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungsschulter (20; 20') der Hülse (2; 2') auf ihrer der Rückstoßplatte (1) angewandten Seite eine Auflagefläche (21; 21') aufweist, um einen Kontaktdruck zu übertragen, der für den Anschluß des Detonators über die leitende Fläche (10) auf der Rückseite der Rückstoßplatte erforderlich ist.
  17. Verfahren zur Montage eines pyrotechnischen Detonators mit koaxialen Anschlüssen nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 oder 14 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Verfahrensschritte aufweist:
    - die Hülse (2) und ein Verschlußzylinder (7) werden durch Hochtemperatur-Lötung des Zylinders auf die metallbeschichtete Innenoberfläche der Hülse zusammengebaut,
    - die Hülse (2) und ein Ring (12) mit einem Kragen werden durch eine Niedertemperatur-Lötung des Rings auf der metallbeschichteten Manteloberfläche der Hülse montiert,
    - die montierte Hülse wird auf die Rückstoßplatte (1) über den Kragen des Rings (12) aufgelötet,
    - das flexible zylindrische Kontaktstück (9) wird auf der äußeren Manteloberfläche der Hülse (2) montiert,
    - in der Hülse werden nacheinander die Schleuderschicht (13), die Strahlbüchse (3, 30) und die pyrotechnischen Mittel (4, 5, 6) in die Hülse eingesetzt,
    - das Ganze wird durch einen Deckel (8) verschlossen, wobei die in die Hülse eingesetzten Elemente komprimiert werden, worauf der Deckel mit dem Verschlußzylinder (7) mittels Laserstrahl verschweißt wird.
EP91403158A 1990-11-27 1991-11-22 Pyrotechnischer Detonator mit Koaxialverbindungen Expired - Lifetime EP0488863B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9014785 1990-11-27
FR9014785A FR2669725B1 (fr) 1990-11-27 1990-11-27 Detonateur pyrotechnique a connexions coaxiales.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0488863A1 EP0488863A1 (de) 1992-06-03
EP0488863B1 true EP0488863B1 (de) 1995-09-13

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EP91403158A Expired - Lifetime EP0488863B1 (de) 1990-11-27 1991-11-22 Pyrotechnischer Detonator mit Koaxialverbindungen

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US (1) US5204491A (de)
EP (1) EP0488863B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2056170A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69113001T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2669725B1 (de)

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FR2438821A1 (fr) * 1978-10-13 1980-05-09 France Etat Dispositif d'allumage a fil chaud de securite
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FR2648223B1 (fr) * 1989-06-09 1994-03-25 Thomson Brandt Armements Inflammateur pyrotechnique pour charges militaires ou propulseur ou generateur de gaz

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DE69113001D1 (de) 1995-10-19
DE69113001T2 (de) 1996-02-01
FR2669725A1 (fr) 1992-05-29
CA2056170A1 (fr) 1992-05-28
EP0488863A1 (de) 1992-06-03
US5204491A (en) 1993-04-20
FR2669725B1 (fr) 1994-10-07

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