EP0648997B1 - Hoch-energetische Zünder - Google Patents

Hoch-energetische Zünder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0648997B1
EP0648997B1 EP19940402273 EP94402273A EP0648997B1 EP 0648997 B1 EP0648997 B1 EP 0648997B1 EP 19940402273 EP19940402273 EP 19940402273 EP 94402273 A EP94402273 A EP 94402273A EP 0648997 B1 EP0648997 B1 EP 0648997B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
detonator
firing device
energy
energy firing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940402273
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0648997A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Coussens
Bruno Gamby
Christophe Riviere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
Original Assignee
TDA Armements SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by TDA Armements SAS filed Critical TDA Armements SAS
Publication of EP0648997A1 publication Critical patent/EP0648997A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0648997B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648997B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/008—Power generation in electric fuzes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a firing device of the high energy type.
  • a privileged field of application of the invention relates to high energy detonators grouping, on the one hand devices with projected element or DEP, and on the other hand, devices with exploded wire or EBW (EBW being the initials English- Saxons put for Exploding Bridge Wire).
  • EBW being the initials English- Saxons put for Exploding Bridge Wire.
  • Such devices can be used in particular as detonators to trigger the operation of military charges, rocket propellants, missiles, or even gas generators (in this case, we speak rather of igniters).
  • Figure 1 illustrates the electrical diagram of a conventional high energy firing device.
  • the means 2 are for example made up of: 'a spark gap.
  • the capacitor 1 is used to store the quantity of energy necessary for the operation of the ignition. It is charged under a high voltage V HT , and must have a relatively large capacity, typically around 0.15 ⁇ F.
  • V G is delivered on the trigger of the spark gap 2, so that the capacitor can discharge as quickly as possible.
  • the discharge of the capacitor will cause, in the case of a DEP, the cutting and the projection of a pellet on a secondary explosive, or, in the case of an detonator with exploded wire, the explosion of a placed wire in an explosive.
  • FIG. 2 briefly illustrates the coaxial structure of the DEP, without going into detail of the operation of the DEP itself:
  • the detonator 4 with a coaxial structure essentially comprises a cylindrical metallized anvil 40 carrying a fuse bridge 41, a socket of revolution 42 made of dielectric material, and a substantially cylindrical confinement 43 placed on the fuse bridge along the longitudinal axis of symmetry XX ′ of the detonator, and kept in contact with the internal walls of the sleeve 42.
  • This confinement 43 comprises in particular a secondary explosive and a barrel (not visible) positioned between the explosive and the fuse bridge 41 for cutting and guiding the element projected onto the explosive.
  • the socket 42 is connected to the anvil 40 by means of a cylindrical ring with flange 44.
  • a flexible cylindrical contact piece 45 comprising a cylindrical part 46 in contact with the ring 44, and folded flexible tabs 47.
  • These flexible tabs 47 perform the role of first electrical connection of the detonator. They are in fact electrically connected to one end of the fuse bridge 41 via the cylindrical ring 44 and a conductive surface not visible in FIG. 2 located on the periphery of the upper face of the anvil 40 in electrical contact with one end of the fuse bridge 41.
  • the other end of the fuse bridge is electrically connected to a second connection 48 of the detonator located on the opposite face of the anvil 40, by means of an electrical bushing 49 produced in the anvil.
  • the second connection 48 is for example a metal disc centered on the longitudinal axis XX 'of the detonator 4.
  • the structure of the detonator is said to be coaxial due to the position of the two connections 47 and 48 placed coaxially on the longitudinal axis XX 'of the detonator. From an electrical point of view, the only existing asymmetry comes from the electrical bushing 49 which is eccentric with respect to the longitudinal axis XX '. Thus, the coaxial structure by its connections, also behaves almost like a coaxial element, and therefore has a very low equivalent inductance.
  • the above coaxial structure is advantageous in that it has a reduced bulk.
  • a capacitor with armatures of parallelepiped shape having two connection tabs and mounted on an electronic card, is used.
  • the high-energy spark gap and detonator are located on this card as close as possible to the capacitor in order to reduce, as far as possible, the equivalent resistance R e and the equivalent inductance L e of the firing device, and be therefore best suited to the operation of the detonator.
  • a first drawback associated with this parallelepiped capacitor is that it makes the detonator with a coaxial structure as described above lose some interest. Indeed, to ensure the connection of the detonator with a coaxial structure with the parallelepiped capacitor, it is necessary to produce an electrical interface.
  • This interface is produced in the form of a box in which the detonator with a coaxial structure is placed. This box has at its bottom and on its internal lateral face conductive surfaces in contact respectively with the connections 48 and 47 of the detonator.
  • the housing must also have external connections in the form of two tabs located under the housing, which are connected to the capacitor and to the spark gap via conductive tracks made on the electronic card.
  • current firing devices using a capacitor of the aforementioned type have an equivalent resistance R e and an equivalent inductance L e respectively of the order of 150 m ⁇ and 30 nH, values which should be reduced to optimize firing of the detonator.
  • the volume occupied by the capacitor should be increased. There is therefore an incompatibility between on the one hand, the space constraints and on the other hand, the reliability criteria imposed.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the various aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a high energy firing device occupying a small volume and having connections between elements much simpler to produce than in the prior art, and therefore , more easily industrializable.
  • the device according to the invention does not require any electronic card for mounting the various elements, and has an equivalent impedance and inductance reduced compared to those obtained hitherto.
  • the present invention relates to a high energy firing device as defined in claims 1 to 10.
  • the high energy firing device corresponds to the electrical diagram of FIG. 1, and therefore results from the placing in series of a storage capacitor 1, of control means 2 for discharging the capacitor 1, and a high energy detonator 3.
  • the important innovation of the device proposed here lies in the choice of particular structural elements, in particular as regards the capacitor and the detonator, as well as in the relative positioning of these elements.
  • the capacitor 1 used is produced in the form of a cylinder with a longitudinal axis X 1 X ′ 1 , having a hole or axial recess of shape substantially cylindrical.
  • cylinders and “cylindrical” must be taken in the geometric sense of the term, that is to say as defining any solid generated by a straight line which moves parallel to itself in s' pressing on a directing curve, the latter being able to be circular (cylinder of revolution), or not.
  • the capacitor 1 is preferably a capacitor with armatures produced, in a known manner, by the winding of films on a mandrel having the shape and the dimensions of the desired axial recess.
  • the capacitor 1 has two metal electrodes which can advantageously be located respectively on the upper and lower bases of the cylinder.
  • the dimensions of the axial recess are chosen so that the control means 2 can be placed inside this recess.
  • These for example consist of a spark gap made in the form of a cylinder comprising at each end, a connection electrode and, on one of the two electrodes, a trigger receiving the electric pulse V G controlling the discharge of the capacitor.
  • the spark gap 2 is advantageously positioned so that the axis joining the two spark gap electrodes is aligned with the longitudinal axis X 1 X ' 1 of the capacitor, the trigger being able to come out slightly from the recess.
  • the detonator 3 used has a coaxial structure of axis XX ', as described with reference to FIG. 2, that is to say comprising a first connection 48 located at its base, and a second connection 47, in the form of flexible tongues positioned on the periphery of the detonator, that is to say in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX 'of the detonator. It is placed relative to the capacitor 1 so that its axis XX 'is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis X 1 X' 1 of the capacitor, the first connection 48 being for example on the side of the capacitor.
  • the detonator 3 is then electrically connected to the control means by means of an electrical connection preferably passing partly or completely inside the recess, depending on whether the detonator is more or less distant from the capacitor.
  • the two electrodes of the capacitor 1 are metal rings placed respectively on the upper base and on the lower base of the cylinder.
  • the necessary connections between, on the one hand the capacitor 1 and the detonator 3, and, on the other hand the capacitor 1 and the spark gap 2 can be produced in the form of parts of revolution which are more easily industrializable.
  • the detonator 3 with a coaxial structure and the spark gap 2 are both located inside the axial recess 10 of the cylindrical capacitor 1 along the axis X 1 X ′ 1 of the capacitor 1.
  • the spark gap 2 is for example a cylinder provided at its two ends with electrodes 21 and 22, and with a trigger 23 on which an electric pulse V G is sent to control the discharge of the capacitor.
  • the detonator 3 with coaxial structure has, as we have seen with reference to FIG. 2, two connections 47 and 48 placed coaxially along the axis XX 'of the detonator. The necessary electrical connection between the detonator and the spark gap can therefore be achieved very simply by direct contact between the electrode 22 of the spark gap and the connection 48.
  • the electrodes of the capacitor 1 are preferably made on the upper and lower bases of the cylinder 1, for example by means of metal rings 11 and 12, each being connected to one of the two armatures (not visible ) of the capacitor 1. It is thus possible to optimize on the one hand, the electrical connection 5 between the electrode 11 of the capacitor and the electrode 21 of the spark gap, and on the other hand, the electrical connection 6 between l electrode 12 of the capacitor and the connection tabs 47 of the detonator.
  • the above-mentioned electrical connection 5 is for example a metal revolution part having a hole 50 to allow passage to the trigger 23 of the spark gap.
  • the electrical connection 6 shown in FIG. 3 is also a piece of metallic revolution, the shape of which is that of a hollow flared sleeve, consisting of a cylindrical part 60 which fits into the axial recess 10 over a length sufficient to be in contact with the tabs 47 of the detonator, and of a flared portion 61, substantially planar, which comes into contact with the electrode 12 of the capacitor.
  • the cylindrical part 60 simultaneously maintains the detonator and the necessary electrical contact.
  • the firing device in Figure 3 has many advantages:
  • the positioning of the spark gap inside the axial recess makes it possible to protect the spark gap against severe electromagnetic environments which risk unexpectedly triggering the ignition.
  • the device of Figure 3 has a coaxial structure whose equivalent resistance and inductance are reduced by 30 to 40 m ⁇ and 15 to 20 nanohenrys respectively compared to the devices of the prior art. It follows that the voltage V HT necessary for the operation of the device according to the invention can be lowered compared to that of a conventional device.
  • the device of FIG. 3 is particularly interesting in all systems where the initiation of a pyrotechnic element is carried out by the center.
  • the second possible embodiment of the device according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 4 is particularly advantageous in the case where the device is placed in a hermetic case 9, the detonator 3 being outside this case.
  • the device of FIG. 4 is almost identical to that of FIG. 3, except that the detonator 3 is located outside the axial recess 10 of the capacitor 1 and that the connection 7 between the electrode 22 of the 'spark gap 2 and the connection 48 of the detonator on the one hand and the connection 6' between the electrode 12 of the capacitor and the connection 47 of the detonator on the other hand form a hermetic coaxial connection, therefore of low inductance.
  • connection 6 ′ is a coaxial connection comprising a hollow cylindrical and metallic part 60 ′ into which the detonator 3 is inserted, so that the tabs 47 of the detonator are in contact with this part 60 ′, as well as a base in the form of a metal crown 61 which comes into contact with the electrode 12 of the capacitor.
  • the connection 7 is for example made up of an axial metal rod.
  • the connections 6 ′ and 7 are advantageously assembled together by a dielectric 8. This dielectric 8 also provides the connection between the hermetic connection and the housing 9.
  • the assembly thus produced according to FIG. 4 makes it possible to integrate the electronic part of the device in a hermetic housing, the detonator being outside and easily disconnected. It is then possible to easily test the electronic part.
  • the high energy firing device as just described in different embodiments is very flexible to use thanks to its modular nature.
  • the small volume of the firing module makes it possible to use a single central electronic module supplying in parallel, via high voltage cables, a plurality of firing devices.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung mit einem Kondensator (1) zur Energiespeicherung unter hoher Spannung VHT, mit Steuermitteln (2) für die Entladung des Kondensators und mit einem leistungsstarken Zünder (3), der durch die Entladung des Kondensators ausgelöst wird, wobei diese drei Elemente in einem geschlossenen Schaltkreis in Serie liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kondensator (1) in Form eines Zylinders mit einer Längsachse X1X'1 und mit einem zentralen Loch (10) vorliegt, in dem die Steuermittel (2) untergebracht sind, daß der Zünder (3) von einer koaxialen Struktur gebildet wird, deren Achse XX' im wesentlichen in Flucht mit der Längsachse X1X'1 des Kondensators (1) verläuft, und daß der Zünder (3) an die Steuermittel (2) über eine im wesentlichen zur Längsachse X1X'1 parallele elektrische Verbindung angeschlossen ist.
  2. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kondensator (1) zwei Metallelektroden (11 12) besitzt, die an der oberen bzw. unteren Basis des Zylinders liegen.
  3. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (11, 12) im wesentlichen kranzförmig sind.
  4. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel von einer Funkenstrecke gebildet werden, die im wesentlichen zylindrisch geformt und axial bezüglich der Achse X1X'1 des Kondensators (1) angeordnet ist sowie an jedem Ende eine Anschlußelektrode (21, 22) und auf der Anschlußelektrode (21), die der oberen Basis des Kondensators (1) am nächsten liegt, eine Zündelektrode (23) aufweist, die einen elektrischen Impuls VG zur Steuerung der Entladung des Kondensators (1) empfängt.
  5. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die der oberen Basis des Kondensators (1) nächstliegende Elektrode (21) der Funkenstrecke mit der kranzförmigen Elektrode an der oberen Basis des Kondensators über ein drehsymmetrisches und ein Loch (50) aufweisendes Metallteil (5) verbunden ist, durch das sich die Zündelektrode (23) erstreckt.
  6. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zünder (3) im Inneren des axialen Lochs (10) liegt.
  7. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zünder (3) einen Anschluß (48) in Form einer auf die Längsachse des Zünders zentrierten Metallscheibe besitzt und daß die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Zünder (3) und den Steuermitteln (2) über direkten Kontakt zwischen der Metallscheibe und einer Elektrode (22) der Steuermittel erfolgt.
  8. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 3 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zünder (3) einen Anschluß (47) aufweist, der umgebogene elastische Zungen enthält, und daß die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Zünder (3) und dem Kondensator (1) aus einem drehsymmetrischen Teil in Form einer hohlen und sich erweiternden Hülse mit einem zylindrischen Bereich (60), der in das axiale Loch (10) über eine ausreichende Länge hineingesteckt ist, um mit den Zungen (47) in Berührung zu kommen, und mit einem sich erweiternden Bereich (61) besteht, der im wesentlichen eben ist und mit dem Metallkranz (12) des Kondensators (1) an der unteren Basis des Kondensators in Berührung steht.
  9. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zünder außerhalb des axialen Lochs (10) liegt.
  10. Leistungsstarke Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Zünder (3) und den Steuermitteln (2) von einem Metallstab (7) gebildet wird.
EP19940402273 1993-10-13 1994-10-11 Hoch-energetische Zünder Expired - Lifetime EP0648997B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9312180A FR2711237B1 (fr) 1993-10-13 1993-10-13 Dispositif de mise à feu à haute énergie.
FR9312180 1993-10-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0648997A1 EP0648997A1 (de) 1995-04-19
EP0648997B1 true EP0648997B1 (de) 1997-11-19

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EP19940402273 Expired - Lifetime EP0648997B1 (de) 1993-10-13 1994-10-11 Hoch-energetische Zünder

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EP (1) EP0648997B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69406892T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2711237B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735705A (en) * 1971-07-15 1973-05-29 Amp Inc Filtered electro-explosive device
DE3637988A1 (de) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Anzuendbauteil
FR2669725B1 (fr) * 1990-11-27 1994-10-07 Thomson Brandt Armements Detonateur pyrotechnique a connexions coaxiales.

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Publication number Publication date
FR2711237A1 (fr) 1995-04-21
DE69406892T2 (de) 1998-03-26
EP0648997A1 (de) 1995-04-19
FR2711237B1 (fr) 1995-12-15
DE69406892D1 (de) 1998-01-02

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