EP0483101A1 - Method and apparatus for tufting - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for tufting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0483101A1
EP0483101A1 EP91870170A EP91870170A EP0483101A1 EP 0483101 A1 EP0483101 A1 EP 0483101A1 EP 91870170 A EP91870170 A EP 91870170A EP 91870170 A EP91870170 A EP 91870170A EP 0483101 A1 EP0483101 A1 EP 0483101A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
needles
hooks
bench
tufting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91870170A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Gustave Emile Job
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Anonyme des Ateliers Houget Duesberg Bosson
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Societe Anonyme des Ateliers Houget Duesberg Bosson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Anonyme des Ateliers Houget Duesberg Bosson filed Critical Societe Anonyme des Ateliers Houget Duesberg Bosson
Publication of EP0483101A1 publication Critical patent/EP0483101A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C15/00—Making pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features by inserting loops into a base material
    • D05C15/04—Tufting
    • D05C15/08—Tufting machines
    • D05C15/26—Tufting machines with provision for producing patterns
    • D05C15/30—Tufting machines with provision for producing patterns by moving the tufting tools laterally
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C15/00—Making pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features by inserting loops into a base material
    • D05C15/04—Tufting
    • D05C15/08—Tufting machines
    • D05C15/14—Arrangements or devices for holding or feeding the base material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C15/00—Making pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features by inserting loops into a base material
    • D05C15/04—Tufting
    • D05C15/08—Tufting machines
    • D05C15/16—Arrangements or devices for manipulating threads
    • D05C15/22—Loop-catching arrangements, e.g. loopers; Driving mechanisms therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tufting method and a device for implementing this method.
  • the tufting technique applied particularly in the production of carpets intended for flooring, consists of stitching linearly through a weft fabric of needles carrying the thread, which is held by swivel hooks during each stitching, needles and hooks being located on either side of the weft fabric.
  • the unwinding to the fabric is done in a continuous and regular way.
  • the needles and the hooks are placed in series in modules which together constitute respectively the bench of needles and the bench of hooks.
  • the bench of needles can move along the longitudinal axis thereof relative to the (transverse) direction of advancement of the fabric, but the hook bench remains fixed.
  • the movement of the needle bank is limited, since each hook a hook must be in front of a needle.
  • the displacement of the needle bank is a function of the distance between two successive needles (designated in the tufting technique as a gauge) and must correspond to one or a multiple of the gauge.
  • Another possibility is to change the gauge pitch, but switching from one gauge to another requires changing and adjusting the banks of needles and the banks of hooks. And the modification of the gauge requires the adjustment of the control devices, cams, hydraulic equipment, etc ... These adjustments are long and tedious, so that the tufting looms are generally left at a standstill when the workshop does not have to not produce the gauge and the pile height for which they have been set.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a tufting method and a device for implementing this method avoiding the drawbacks mentioned.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method and a device for the implementation of this method making it possible to produce a large possibility of variant designs.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to propose a tufting process allowing movements of the needles independent of the gauge.
  • a series of needles arranged one beside the other with a given spacing, each carrying a thread, prick through a weft fabric which unwinds normally, while that a series of hooks, located on the other side of the fabric, retain the thread, characterized in that several stitching operations are carried out according to successive and simultaneous movements in the lateral position of the needles and the hooks in both directions while the unwinding of the weft fabric is interrupted, the fabric being kept fixed and stretched during these lateral displacements.
  • the device which is the subject of the invention consists of a bench of needles, a bench of hooks, means for unwinding a weft fabric between the needle bank and the hook bank, means for stitching the needles carrying the thread through the fabric and means for pivoting the hooks to hold the thread passing through the fabric, characterized by means for controlling the advancement of the weft fabric by jerking at variable speed and for keeping this fabric fixed during successive lateral stitchings, as well as means for controlling the lateral movement of the bank of hooks synchronously with the displacement of the bench of needles.
  • FIG. 1 which schematically shows the stitching according to the state of the art, it shows a weft fabric (a) which unwinds around a roller (b) and is in a horizontal plane (arrow c) below a bench (d), the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the direction of unwinding of the fabric (a).
  • the bench (d) carries the needles (e) according to a fixed gauge (f).
  • the bench (d) can move in a back and forth movement (arrow g) allowing a zigzag design (h).
  • the wire (i) is supplied from a battery of coils (not shown).
  • the hooks, placed on a bench of hooks in a fixed way, are below the fabric and are not visible on the diagram.
  • FIG 2 shows a diagram of the same type as that of Figure 1 but according to the technique of the invention.
  • a weft fabric 1 unwinds along a vertical plane (arrow 13) between a bench 3 of needles 4 and a bench 10 of hooks 6 ( Figure 3).
  • the needles 4 carrying the thread 11 are placed by modules 8 on the bench 3, just as the hooks 6 are placed by modules 9 on the bench 10.
  • the fabric 1 moves in a variable manner, therefore the distance 15 between two neighboring nozzles in a distinct horizontal plane is also variable depending on the variation in the displacement of the fabric.
  • the hooks 6 move synchronously with the needles 4 and there is no longer any reason to have uniform gauges; the distance 14 between two neighboring taps in the same horizontal plane can therefore also be variable.
  • the arrows 5 and 7 respectively represent the stitching direction and the horizontal positioning direction of the needles 4.
  • FIG. 2 clearly shows that the design 2 obtained can be complex and present an almost unlimited variety.
  • FIG. 3 shows the particular positioning of the needles 4 and the hooks 6.
  • the needles 4 have a flattened part 21, called a blade, carrying the eye 22 through which the thread 11 passes.
  • the longitudinal axis of each needle is rotated so that the blade 21 forms with the vertical plane 23 (on the direction of advance 13 of the fabric) an angle 24 which is 30 ° in the example considered.
  • the part of the hooks 6 which retains the wire 11 forms with the vertical plane 23 an identical angle 24 of 30 °, represented in FIG. 3 by the plane 25.
  • This plane 25 also illustrates the plane of crossing of the needle with its hook.
  • the arrow 26 represents the movement of the hooks 6.
  • the spacing 12 between two neighboring hooks (and two neighboring needles) is not fixed and may have multiple gauges.
  • the element 27 constitutes the support structure of the fabric. Together with the tension roller 28 and the fabric press element 29 (FIG. 4), it forms the device for permanent tension of the weft fabric 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of unwinding of the weft fabric 1.
  • the fabric proceeds through a delivery cylinder 31 controlled by a stepping motor 32 for controlling the advance of the fabric and equipped with a electromechanical fabric locking system 33.
  • This system 32-33 makes it possible to stop the weft fabric during the stitchings and to control its advance according to variable steps.
  • the fabric 1 is stretched in the stitching area using the tensioning cylinder 28 controlled by a permanent tensioning motor 34 equipped with an electromagnetic coupler 35 voltage regulator. In the stitching area, the fabric passes through the support structure 27 and the fabric press element 29.
  • a conventional digital electronic control device for the machine is intended for general control of the trade. It must allow the longitudinal positioning of the benches and the control of the unwinding of the weft at a speed such that the stitching can be carried out at, for example, 600-700 strokes / minute. It also takes care of the automatic adjustments of the different tufting parameters: needle stroke, loop height, thread delivery, thread tension, weft fabric tension.
  • This conventional electronic device is known to those skilled in the art and the application of it does not come within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 An example of longitudinal guidance of the needle bank and the hook bank is shown in FIG. 4 by the references 38 and 39 respectively, it will be described in more detail below.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 which describe an example of positioning of the banks of needles and hooks and of displacement of these, there is a motor 51 for stepping control, turning an endless screw 52 which carries a nut 53, which is connected by means of a ball joint 54 to the connection head 55 in communication with the bank 3 of needles 4 by means of a guide fitting 56 and in communication with the bank 10 of hooks 6 by means of a guide fitting 57.
  • the guiding of the movement of the hands 4 is schematically presented by the broken line 58, while the reference 59 shows the plane of the weft fabric 1.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows the movement 69 of the hooks 6.
  • This movement is controlled by a twin cam 61 which rotates (arrow 62) and causes tilting (arrow 63) using the rollers 64, which press on its smooth profile, a head rocker 65.
  • This movement 70 is transmitted by the rod 66 to intermediate rockers 67 (two of which are shown), the movement 71 of which determines the guidance 68 of the movement 69 of the hooks 6.
  • the longitudinal guidance of the bench 10 of hooks is shown by the reference 39, the longitudinal guide of the bench 3 of needles is shown in FIG. 4 by the reference 38.
  • the device allows the positioning of the benches 3 and 10 with an accuracy of less than 0.1 mm.
  • the hooks are moved synchronously with the needles so that each needle forms a pair with its hook.
  • Moving a needle and its hook synchronously allows variable movements of value independent of the gauge. More, each pair (needle-hook) can be definitively adjusted and adjusted before the device is put into operation.
  • the weft fabric is unwound at a variable speed allowing a variation of designs.
  • the unwinding of the weft fabric is stopped during the stitching action.
  • the unwinding of the fabric is also stopped during certain movements of the pairs (needle-hooks) so that nozzles in the same longitudinal plane (relative to the transverse direction of advancement of the fabric) can be produced by the same pair.
  • each needle is always opposite the same hook whatever their position allows long longitudinal displacements without constraint of the needles which, combined with the stop or advance control of the weft fabric, leads to a possibility of wider color or design transfer. This technique makes it possible to "break" the repetitive alignment effect of the belt loops in the warp direction.
  • This advantage allows the adaptation of the number of needles and hooks; many more drawings with fewer pairs (needle-hooks) become possible.
  • the distance between the needles will be chosen according to the size of the design, the desired production and the rotation of the different qualities to be tufted.
  • needles are used having a flattened part, called a blade, comprising the eye of the needle, and the needles are mounted in the modules with the longitudinal axis (of each needle) turned so that the blade forms an angle with the vertical plane in the direction of advancement of the weft fabric.
  • This angle will preferably be between 15 ° and 45 °.
  • the hooks are also mounted in the modules so that the oscillation movement of each hook forms the same angle as that of the needle with which it forms a pair. This characteristic allows the thread to be cleared from the tip of the needle in order to avoid over-stitching of the latter.
  • the weft fabric is unwound during the stitching along a vertical plane and the bank of needles and the bank of hooks are placed in a horizontal plane on either side of the fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves either unwinding the fabric at a variable speed between each pricking or keeping this fabric stationary during a plurality of successive prickings according to lateral positionings, and displacing the hooks in synchronism with the needles. The apparatus consists of a bed (3) of needles (4), a bed (10) of hooks (6), means (31-28) for unwinding a weft fabric (1), means (58) for causing the needles carrying the yarn (11) to prick through the fabric (1), and means (61-67) for holding the yarn (11) which passes through the fabric (1), and comprises a stepping motor, means (34-35) for tensioning the fabric and a means (51-53-54-55) for displacing the hook bed synchronously with the displacement of the needle bed. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de tuftage et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a tufting method and a device for implementing this method.

La technique de tuftage, appliquée tout particulièrement dans la production de tapis destiné au revêtement de sol, consiste à piquer linéairement au travers d'un tissu de trame des aiguilles portant le fil, qui est retenu par des crochets pivotants lors de chaque piquage, les aiguilles et les crochets étant situés de part et d'autre du tissu de trame. Le déroulement au tissu se fait d'une façon continue et régulière.The tufting technique, applied particularly in the production of carpets intended for flooring, consists of stitching linearly through a weft fabric of needles carrying the thread, which is held by swivel hooks during each stitching, needles and hooks being located on either side of the weft fabric. The unwinding to the fabric is done in a continuous and regular way.

Selon les dispositifs connus les aiguilles et les crochets sont placés en série dans des modules qui constituent ensemble respectivement le banc d'aiguilles et le banc de crochets. Afin de pouvoir former des dessins, le banc d'aiguilles peut se déplacer suivant l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci par rapport à la direction (transversale) d'avancement du tissu, mais le banc de crochet reste fixe.According to known devices, the needles and the hooks are placed in series in modules which together constitute respectively the bench of needles and the bench of hooks. In order to be able to form designs, the bench of needles can move along the longitudinal axis thereof relative to the (transverse) direction of advancement of the fabric, but the hook bench remains fixed.

Le mouvement du banc d'aiguilles est limité, étant donné qu'à chaque piquage un crochet doit se trouver en face d'une aiguille. Le déplacement du banc d'aiguilles est fonction de la distance entre deux aiguilles successives (désignée dans la technique de tuftage comme jauge) et doit correspondre à une ou un multiple de la jauge.The movement of the needle bank is limited, since each hook a hook must be in front of a needle. The displacement of the needle bank is a function of the distance between two successive needles (designated in the tufting technique as a gauge) and must correspond to one or a multiple of the gauge.

Cela implique que les seuls piquages réalisables avec un banc d'aiguilles sont:

  • le piquage en ligne sans déplacement des aiguilles;
  • le piquage en zigzag avec déplacement des aiguilles par pas d'une jauge;
  • le piquage en zigzag double pour autant que la machine soit équipée d'un deuxième banc d'aiguilles parallèle au premier;
  • le piquage en ligne avec déplacement va et vient du tissu.
This implies that the only tappings achievable with a bench of needles are:
  • line stitching without moving needles;
  • zigzag stitching with movement of the needles in gauge steps;
  • double zigzag stitching provided that the machine is equipped with a second bank of needles parallel to the first;
  • in-line stitching with movement back and forth from the fabric.

Une autre possibilité consiste à changer de pas de jauge, mais le passage d'une jauge à une autre nécessite le changement et le réglage des bancs d'aiguilles et des bancs de crochets. Et la modification de la jauge requiert le réglage des dispositifs de commande, cames, équipement hydrauliques, etc... Ces réglages sont longs et fastidieux, si bien que les métiers à tufter sont généralement laissés à l'arrêt lorsque l'atelier ne doit pas produire la jauge et la hauteur de poil pour lesquels ils ont été réglés.Another possibility is to change the gauge pitch, but switching from one gauge to another requires changing and adjusting the banks of needles and the banks of hooks. And the modification of the gauge requires the adjustment of the control devices, cams, hydraulic equipment, etc ... These adjustments are long and tedious, so that the tufting looms are generally left at a standstill when the workshop does not have to not produce the gauge and the pile height for which they have been set.

La présente invention a pour objet de proposer un procédé de tuftage et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé évitant les inconvénients cités.The object of the present invention is to propose a tufting method and a device for implementing this method avoiding the drawbacks mentioned.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé permettant de réaliser une large possibilité de variantes de dessins.Another object of the invention is to propose a method and a device for the implementation of this method making it possible to produce a large possibility of variant designs.

Encore un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé de tuftage permettant des déplacements des aiguilles indépendants de la jauge.Yet another object of the invention is to propose a tufting process allowing movements of the needles independent of the gauge.

Selon le procédé objet de l'invention, une série d'aiguilles , disposées l'une à côté de l'autre avec un écartement donné, portant chacune un fil, piquent au travers d'un tissu de trame qui se déroule normalement, tandis qu'une série de crochets, se trouvant de l'autre côté du tissu, retiennent le fil, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise plusieurs opérations de piquages selon des déplacements en position latérale successifs et simultanés des aiguilles et des crochets dans les deux sens pendant que le déroulement du tissu de trame est interrompu, le tissu étant maintenu fixe et tendu pendant ces déplacements latéraux.According to the process which is the subject of the invention, a series of needles, arranged one beside the other with a given spacing, each carrying a thread, prick through a weft fabric which unwinds normally, while that a series of hooks, located on the other side of the fabric, retain the thread, characterized in that several stitching operations are carried out according to successive and simultaneous movements in the lateral position of the needles and the hooks in both directions while the unwinding of the weft fabric is interrupted, the fabric being kept fixed and stretched during these lateral displacements.

A cet effet, le dispositif objet de l'invention est constitué d'un banc d'aiguilles, d'un banc de crochets, des moyens pour pour dérouler un tissu de trame entre le banc d'aiguilles et le banc de crochets, des moyens pour faire piquer les aiguilles portant le fil au travers du tissu et des moyens pour faire pivoter les crochets pour maintenir le fil qui traverse le tissu, caractérisé par des moyens pour contrôler l'avancement du tissu de trame par à-coups à vitesse variable et pour maintenir ce tissu fixe lors de piquages latéraux successifs, ainsi que des moyens pour contrôler le déplacement latéral du banc des crochets de façon synchrone avec le déplacement du banc des aiguilles.To this end, the device which is the subject of the invention consists of a bench of needles, a bench of hooks, means for unwinding a weft fabric between the needle bank and the hook bank, means for stitching the needles carrying the thread through the fabric and means for pivoting the hooks to hold the thread passing through the fabric, characterized by means for controlling the advancement of the weft fabric by jerking at variable speed and for keeping this fabric fixed during successive lateral stitchings, as well as means for controlling the lateral movement of the bank of hooks synchronously with the displacement of the bench of needles.

L'invention sera décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide des dessins qui représentent des exemples de mise en application:

  • la figure 1 représente un schéma de tuftage suivant l'état de la technique;
  • la figure 2 représente un schéma de tuftage suivant l'invention;
  • la figure 3 montre une vue en perspective de la zone de tuftage d'un exemple de mise en application de l'invention;
  • la figure 4 donne une coupe schématique verticale de l'exemple de la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 donne une vue en plan d'un exemple de dispositif de positionnement synchrone des bancs d'aiguilles et crochets;
  • la figure 6 donne une vue de profil d'une partie du dispositif suivant la figure 5 montrant le mouvement des crochets.
The invention will be described below in more detail with the aid of the drawings which represent examples of application:
  • FIG. 1 represents a tufting diagram according to the state of the art;
  • FIG. 2 represents a tufting diagram according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the tufting area of an exemplary implementation of the invention;
  • Figure 4 gives a vertical schematic section of the example of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 gives a plan view of an example of a synchronous positioning device for the benches of needles and hooks;
  • Figure 6 gives a side view of part of the device according to Figure 5 showing the movement of the hooks.

En se référant à la figure 1, qui représente schématiquement le piquage suivant l'état de la technique, celle-ci montre un tissu de trame (a) qui se déroule autour d'un rouleau (b) et se présente dans un plan horizontal (flèche c) en dessous d'un banc (d), dont l'axe est perpendiculaire à l'axe de la direction de déroulement du tissu (a). Le banc (d) porte les aiguilles (e) selon une jauge fixe (f). La banc (d) peut se déplacer suivant un mouvement de va et vient (flèche g) permettant un dessin zigzag (h). Le fil (i) est alimenté à partir d'une batterie de bobines (non représentée). Les crochets, placés sur un banc de crochets d'une façon fixe, se trouvent en dessous du tissu et ne sont pas visibles sur le schéma. Etant donné que le tissu se déroule de façon régulière et les aiguilles (e) ne peuvent se déplacer que par pas de jauge (f), les crochets étant fixes, et que les aiguilles (e) doivent se trouver toujours en face d'un crochet, le dessin ne pourra être en ligne si le banc (d) ne bouge pas ou en zigzag (h) si le banc d'aiguilles (d) se déplace suivant un pas de jauge (f) et selon un mouvement de va et vient (g).Referring to Figure 1, which schematically shows the stitching according to the state of the art, it shows a weft fabric (a) which unwinds around a roller (b) and is in a horizontal plane (arrow c) below a bench (d), the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the direction of unwinding of the fabric (a). The bench (d) carries the needles (e) according to a fixed gauge (f). The bench (d) can move in a back and forth movement (arrow g) allowing a zigzag design (h). The wire (i) is supplied from a battery of coils (not shown). The hooks, placed on a bench of hooks in a fixed way, are below the fabric and are not visible on the diagram. Since the fabric unwinds evenly and the needles (e) can only move in steps of gauge (f), the hooks are fixed, and the needles (e) must always be in front of a hook, the drawing cannot be in line if the bench (d) does not move or in a zigzag (h) if the bench of needles (d) moves according to a gauge step (f) and according to a going and comes (g).

La figure 2 montre un schéma du même type que celui de la figure 1 mais suivant la technique de l'invention. Un tissu de trame 1 se déroule suivant un plan vertical (flèche 13) entre un banc 3 d'aiguilles 4 et un banc 10 de crochets 6 (figure 3). Les aiguilles 4 portant le fil 11 sont placées par modules 8 sur le banc 3, de même que les crochets 6 sont placés par modules 9 sur le banc 10.Figure 2 shows a diagram of the same type as that of Figure 1 but according to the technique of the invention. A weft fabric 1 unwinds along a vertical plane (arrow 13) between a bench 3 of needles 4 and a bench 10 of hooks 6 (Figure 3). The needles 4 carrying the thread 11 are placed by modules 8 on the bench 3, just as the hooks 6 are placed by modules 9 on the bench 10.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le tissu 1 se déplace de façon variable, donc la distance 15 entre deux piquages voisins dans un plan horizontal distinct est également variable en fonction de la variation du déplacement du tissu.According to a characteristic of the invention, the fabric 1 moves in a variable manner, therefore the distance 15 between two neighboring nozzles in a distinct horizontal plane is also variable depending on the variation in the displacement of the fabric.

Suivant l'invention les crochets 6 se déplacent de façon synchrone avec les aiguilles 4 et il n'y a plus de raison d'avoir des jauges uniformes; la distance 14 entre deux piquages voisins dans un même plan horizontal peut donc également être variable. Les flèches 5 et 7 représentent respectivement le sens de piquage et le sens de positionnement horizontal des aiguilles 4. La figure 2 montre clairement que le dessin 2 obtenu peut être complexe et présenter une variété presque illimitée.According to the invention the hooks 6 move synchronously with the needles 4 and there is no longer any reason to have uniform gauges; the distance 14 between two neighboring taps in the same horizontal plane can therefore also be variable. The arrows 5 and 7 respectively represent the stitching direction and the horizontal positioning direction of the needles 4. FIG. 2 clearly shows that the design 2 obtained can be complex and present an almost unlimited variety.

Dans l'exemple montré à la figure 3, les mêmes éléments de la figure 2 portent les mêmes chiffres de référence. Cette figure montre le positionnement particulier des aiguilles 4 et des crochets 6. Les aiguilles 4 présentent une partie aplatie 21, appelée lame, portant le chas 22 par lequel passe le fil 11. L'axe longitudinal de chaque aiguille est tourné de façon que la lame 21 forme avec le plan vertical 23 (sur la direction d'avancement 13 du tissu) un angle 24 qui est de 30° dans l'exemple considéré. La partie des crochets 6 qui retient le fil 11 forme avec le plan vertical 23 un angle identique 24 de 30°, représenté sur la figure 3 par le plan 25. Ce plan 25 illustre aussi le plan de croisement de l'aiguille avec son crochet. La flèche 26 représente le mouvement des crochets 6. L'écartement 12 entre deux crochets voisins (et deux aiguilles voisines) n'est pas fixe et peut présenter de multiples jauges. L'élément 27 constitue la structure d'appui du tissu. Il forme ensemble avec le rouleau tendeur 28 et l'élément de presse tissu 29 (figure 4) le dispositif de tension permanent du tissu de trame 1.In the example shown in Figure 3, the same elements in Figure 2 have the same reference numbers. This figure shows the particular positioning of the needles 4 and the hooks 6. The needles 4 have a flattened part 21, called a blade, carrying the eye 22 through which the thread 11 passes. The longitudinal axis of each needle is rotated so that the blade 21 forms with the vertical plane 23 (on the direction of advance 13 of the fabric) an angle 24 which is 30 ° in the example considered. The part of the hooks 6 which retains the wire 11 forms with the vertical plane 23 an identical angle 24 of 30 °, represented in FIG. 3 by the plane 25. This plane 25 also illustrates the plane of crossing of the needle with its hook. The arrow 26 represents the movement of the hooks 6. The spacing 12 between two neighboring hooks (and two neighboring needles) is not fixed and may have multiple gauges. The element 27 constitutes the support structure of the fabric. Together with the tension roller 28 and the fabric press element 29 (FIG. 4), it forms the device for permanent tension of the weft fabric 1.

La figure 4 montre un exemple de déroulement du tissu de trame 1. Provenant d'un rouleau de stockage, le tissu passe par un cylindre délivreur 31 commandé par un moteur pas à pas 32 de commande d'avance du tissu et équipé d'un système 33 de verrouillage électromécanique d'arrêt du tissu. Ce système 32-33 permet d'arrêter le tissu de trame lors des piquages et de commander son avance selon des pas variables. Le tissu 1 est tendu dans la zone de piquage à l'aide du cylindre tendeur 28 commandé par un moteur tendeur permanent 34 équipé d'un coupleur électromagnétique 35 régulateur de tension. Dans la zone de piquage le tissu passe par la structure d'appui 27 et l'élément presse tissu 29.FIG. 4 shows an example of unwinding of the weft fabric 1. Coming from a storage roller, the fabric passes through a delivery cylinder 31 controlled by a stepping motor 32 for controlling the advance of the fabric and equipped with a electromechanical fabric locking system 33. This system 32-33 makes it possible to stop the weft fabric during the stitchings and to control its advance according to variable steps. The fabric 1 is stretched in the stitching area using the tensioning cylinder 28 controlled by a permanent tensioning motor 34 equipped with an electromagnetic coupler 35 voltage regulator. In the stitching area, the fabric passes through the support structure 27 and the fabric press element 29.

Un appareillage électronique digital classique de commande de la machine est destiné au contrôle général du métier. Il doit permettre le positionnement longitudinal des bancs et la commande du déroulement de la trame à une vitesse telle que le piquage puisse s'effectuer à, par exemple, 600-700 coups/minute. Il prend également en charge les réglages automatiques des différents paramètres du tuftage: course d'aiguille, hauteur de boucle, délivraison du fil, tension du fil, tension du tissu de trame. Cet appareillage électronique classique est connu de l'homme du métier et la mise en application de celui-ci ne rentre pas dans le cadre de l'invention.A conventional digital electronic control device for the machine is intended for general control of the trade. It must allow the longitudinal positioning of the benches and the control of the unwinding of the weft at a speed such that the stitching can be carried out at, for example, 600-700 strokes / minute. It also takes care of the automatic adjustments of the different tufting parameters: needle stroke, loop height, thread delivery, thread tension, weft fabric tension. This conventional electronic device is known to those skilled in the art and the application of it does not come within the scope of the invention.

Un exemple de guidage longitudinal du banc d'aiguilles et du banc des crochets est représenté sur la figure 4 par les références 38 et 39 respectivement, il sera décrit plus en détail ci-après.An example of longitudinal guidance of the needle bank and the hook bank is shown in FIG. 4 by the references 38 and 39 respectively, it will be described in more detail below.

La disposition des différents éléments et en particulier le déroulement vertical du tissu permet de loger les bobines de fil 11 dans la base de la machine, ce qui n'est pas possible avec un déroulement horizontal du tissu. Les éléments importants, tels aiguilles et crochets deviennent dès lors plus accessibles et la machine est plus facile à contrôler.The arrangement of the various elements and in particular the vertical unwinding of the fabric makes it possible to accommodate the spools of thread 11 in the base of the machine, which is not possible with a horizontal unwinding of the fabric. Important items such as needles and hooks become more accessible and the machine is easier to control.

En se référant aux figures 5 et 6, qui décrivent un exemple de positionnement des bancs d'aiguilles et de crochets et de déplacement de ceux-ci, on remarque un moteur 51 de commande pas à pas, faisant tourner une vis sans fin 52 qui porte un écrou 53, qui est relié au moyen d'une liaison à rotules 54 à la tête de liaison 55 en communication avec le banc 3 d'aiguilles 4 au moyen d'un raccord de guidage 56 et en communication avec le banc 10 des crochets 6 au moyen d'un raccord de guidage 57. Le guidage du mouvement des aiguilles 4 est schématiquement présenté par la ligne interrompue 58, tandis que la référence 59 montre le plan du tissu de trame 1.Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, which describe an example of positioning of the banks of needles and hooks and of displacement of these, there is a motor 51 for stepping control, turning an endless screw 52 which carries a nut 53, which is connected by means of a ball joint 54 to the connection head 55 in communication with the bank 3 of needles 4 by means of a guide fitting 56 and in communication with the bank 10 of hooks 6 by means of a guide fitting 57. The guiding of the movement of the hands 4 is schematically presented by the broken line 58, while the reference 59 shows the plane of the weft fabric 1.

La figure 6 montre schématiquement le mouvement 69 des crochets 6. Ce mouvement est commandé par une came jumelée 61 qui tourne (flèche 62) et fait basculer (flèche 63) à l'aide des rouleaux 64, qui appuient sur son profil lisse, une bascule de tête 65. Ce mouvement 70 est transmis par la tige 66 à des bascules intermédiaires 67 (dont deux sont représentées) dont le mouvement 71 détermine le guidage 68 du mouvement 69 des crochets 6. Le guidage longitudinal du banc 10 de crochets est représenté par la référence 39, le guidage longitudinal du banc 3 d'aiguilles est montré à la figure 4 par la référence 38. Le dispositif permet le positionnement des bancs 3 et 10 avec une précision de moins de 0,1 mm.FIG. 6 schematically shows the movement 69 of the hooks 6. This movement is controlled by a twin cam 61 which rotates (arrow 62) and causes tilting (arrow 63) using the rollers 64, which press on its smooth profile, a head rocker 65. This movement 70 is transmitted by the rod 66 to intermediate rockers 67 (two of which are shown), the movement 71 of which determines the guidance 68 of the movement 69 of the hooks 6. The longitudinal guidance of the bench 10 of hooks is shown by the reference 39, the longitudinal guide of the bench 3 of needles is shown in FIG. 4 by the reference 38. The device allows the positioning of the benches 3 and 10 with an accuracy of less than 0.1 mm.

Suivant le procédé objet de l'invention, on déplace les crochets de façon synchrone avec les aiguilles de façon que chaque aiguille forme avec son crochet une paire. Le déplacement d'une aiguille et de son crochet de façon synchrone permet des déplacements variables de valeur indépendante de la jauge. En plus, chaque paire (aiguille-crochet) peut être définitivement réglée et ajustée avant la mise en opération du dispositif.According to the process which is the subject of the invention, the hooks are moved synchronously with the needles so that each needle forms a pair with its hook. Moving a needle and its hook synchronously allows variable movements of value independent of the gauge. More, each pair (needle-hook) can be definitively adjusted and adjusted before the device is put into operation.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention on déroule le tissu de trame à une vitesse variable permettant une variation de dessins. De préférence on arrête le déroulement du tissu de trame pendant l'action de piquage. Avantageusement on arrête le déroulement du tissu également pendant certains déplacements des paires (aiguilles-crochets) de façon que des piquages dans un même plan longitudinal (par rapport à la direction transversale d'avancement du tissu) peuvent être réalisés par une même paire.According to another characteristic of the invention, the weft fabric is unwound at a variable speed allowing a variation of designs. Preferably, the unwinding of the weft fabric is stopped during the stitching action. Advantageously, the unwinding of the fabric is also stopped during certain movements of the pairs (needle-hooks) so that nozzles in the same longitudinal plane (relative to the transverse direction of advancement of the fabric) can be produced by the same pair.

Le fait que chaque aiguille se trouve toujours en face du même crochet quelle que soit leur position permet de longs déplacements longitudinaux sans contrainte des aiguilles qui, combiné avec la commande d'arrêt ou d'avancement du tissu de trame, conduit à une possibilité de transfert de couleur ou de dessin plus large. Cette technique permet de "casser" l'effet d'alignement répétitif des boucles du tapis dans le sens de la chaîne.The fact that each needle is always opposite the same hook whatever their position allows long longitudinal displacements without constraint of the needles which, combined with the stop or advance control of the weft fabric, leads to a possibility of wider color or design transfer. This technique makes it possible to "break" the repetitive alignment effect of the belt loops in the warp direction.

De nombreuses possibilités de piquage deviennent possibles, également celles qui impliquent que les aiguilles et leurs crochets respectifs se déplacent longitudinalement vers la droite ou vers la gauche de pas variables.Numerous possibilities of stitching become possible, also those which imply that the needles and their respective hooks move longitudinally to the right or to the left by variable steps.

Cet avantage permet l'adaptation du nombre d'aiguilles et de crochets; beaucoup plus de dessins avec moins de paires (aiguilles-crochets) deviennent possibles. L'écart entre les aiguilles sera choisi en fonction de la grandeur du dessin, de la production désirée et de la rotation des différentes qualités à tufter.This advantage allows the adaptation of the number of needles and hooks; many more drawings with fewer pairs (needle-hooks) become possible. The distance between the needles will be chosen according to the size of the design, the desired production and the rotation of the different qualities to be tufted.

Pour un même type d'aiguille adopté, différents dessins peuvent être programmés avec des jauges et serrages différents. La rotation des coloris pouvant s'effectuer par cantres.For the same type of needle adopted, different designs can be programmed with different gauges and clamps. The colors can be rotated by canters.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on utilise des aiguilles ayant une partie aplatie, appelée lame, comportant le chas de l'aiguille, et on monte les aiguilles dans les modules avec l'axe longitudinal (de chaque aiguille) tourné de façon que la lame forme un angle avec le plan vertical sur la direction d'avancement du tissu de trame.According to another characteristic of the invention, needles are used having a flattened part, called a blade, comprising the eye of the needle, and the needles are mounted in the modules with the longitudinal axis (of each needle) turned so that the blade forms an angle with the vertical plane in the direction of advancement of the weft fabric.

Cet angle sera de préférence compris entre 15° et 45°. De même, les crochets sont également montés dans les modules de façon que le mouvement d'oscillation de chaque crochet forme un même angle que celui de l'aiguille avec lequel il forme une paire. Cette caractéristique permet un dégagement du fil hors de la pointe de l'aiguille afin d'éviter un surpiquage de celui-ci.This angle will preferably be between 15 ° and 45 °. Likewise, the hooks are also mounted in the modules so that the oscillation movement of each hook forms the same angle as that of the needle with which it forms a pair. This characteristic allows the thread to be cleared from the tip of the needle in order to avoid over-stitching of the latter.

Suivant une autre caractéristique encore de l'invention, le tissu de trame se déroule lors des piquages suivant un plan vertical et le banc d'aiguilles et le banc de crochets sont placés dans un plan horizontal de part et d'autre du tissu.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the weft fabric is unwound during the stitching along a vertical plane and the bank of needles and the bank of hooks are placed in a horizontal plane on either side of the fabric.

Du fait du positionnement longitudinal des aiguilles non limité par la jauge, l'application d'un peigne d'appui du tissu n'est plus possible mais son usage s'est avéré inutile car selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention on utilise un appui lisse fixe et un tendeur permanent du tissu, qui permet la maîtrise du piquage sans la mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif semblable à un peigne de jauge prédéterminée.Due to the longitudinal positioning of the needles not limited by the gauge, the application of a fabric support comb is no longer possible but its use has proved useless because according to another characteristic of the invention a fixed smooth support and a permanent tensioner of the fabric, which allows control of the stitching without the use of a device similar to a comb of predetermined gauge.

Il est clair que l'invention n'est nullement limitée à la mise en application décrite dans l'exemple et les figures. Il est du ressort de l'homme du métier d'utiliser la mécanique connue pour, par exemple, réaliser le mouvement synchrone des modules d'aiguilles avec les modules de crochets, ce mouvement pouvant être obtenu par de multiples moyens. De même, il existe de nombreuses possibilités pour régler et commander l'avancement irrégulier d'un tissu. La combinaison de l'avancement variable d'un tissu avec le déplacement des bancs d'aiguilles et de crochets tombant également dans le domaine de la mécanique et l'électronique classique.It is clear that the invention is in no way limited to the application described in the example and the figures. It is within the competence of a person skilled in the art to use known mechanics to, for example, carry out the synchronous movement of the needle modules with the hook modules, this movement being obtainable by multiple means. Likewise, there are many possibilities for adjusting and controlling the irregular advancement of a fabric. The combination of the variable advancement of a fabric with the displacement of the benches of needles and hooks also falling in the field of mechanics and classical electronics.

Claims (10)

Procédé de tuftage selon lequel une série d'aiguilles (4), disposées l'une à côté de l'autre avec un écartement donné, portant chacune un fil (11), piquent au travers d'un tissu de trame (1) qui se déroule normalement, tandis qu'une série de crochets (6), se trouvant de l'autre côté du tissu, retiennent le fil, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise plusieurs opérations de piquages selon des déplacements en position latérale successifs et simultanés des aiguilles (4) et des crochets (6) dans les deux sens (7) pendant que le déroulement du tissu de trame est interrompu, le tissu étant maintenu fixe et tendu pendant ces déplacements latéraux.Tufting method according to which a series of needles (4), arranged one beside the other with a given spacing, each carrying a thread (11), prick through a weft fabric (1) which takes place normally, while a series of hooks (6), located on the other side of the fabric, hold the thread, characterized in that several stitching operations are carried out according to successive and simultaneous lateral position displacements of the needles (4) and hooks (6) in both directions (7) while the unwinding of the weft fabric is interrupted, the fabric being kept fixed and stretched during these lateral displacements. Procédé de tuftage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le déplacement en position latérale des aiguilles (4) et des crochets (6) n'est pas limité par l'écartement entre les aiguilles (4).Tufting method according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement in the lateral position of the needles (4) and the hooks (6) is not limited by the spacing between the needles (4). Procédé de tuftage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le déplacement en position latérale des aiguilles (4) et des crochets (6) n'est pas limité par la contrainte de jauge d'un peigne d'appui du tissu.Tufting method according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement in the lateral position of the needles (4) and the hooks (6) is not limited by the gauge constraint of a support comb of the fabric. Dispositif de tuftage constitué d'un banc (3) d'aiguilles (4), d'un banc (10) de crochets (6), des moyens (31-28) pour dérouler un tissu de trame (1) entre le banc (3) d'aiguilles et le banc (10) de crochets, des moyens (58) pour faire piquer les aiguilles portant le fil (11) au travers le tissu (1) et des moyens (61-67) pour faire pivoter les crochets pour maintenir le fil (11) qui traverse le tissu (1), caractérisé par des moyens (32-33) pour contrôler l'avancement du tissu de trame par à-coups à vitesse variable et pour maintenir ce tissu fixe lors de piquages latéraux successifs, ainsi que des moyens (51-53-54-55) pour contrôler le déplacement latéral du banc (10) des crochets (6) de façon synchrone avec le déplacement du banc (3) des aiguilles (4).Tufting device consisting of a bench (3) of needles (4), a bench (10) of hooks (6), means (31-28) for unwinding a weft fabric (1) between the bench (3) needles and the bench (10) of hooks, means (58) for stitching the needles carrying the thread (11) through the fabric (1) and means (61-67) for pivoting the hooks for holding the thread (11) passing through the fabric (1), characterized by means (32-33) for controlling the advancement of the weft fabric by jerking at variable speed and for keeping this fabric fixed during stitching successive lateral, as well as means (51-53-54-55) for controlling the lateral displacement of the bench (10) of the hooks (6) synchronously with the displacement of the bench (3) of the needles (4). Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par des moyens (34-35) pour maintenir constamment tendu le tissu de trame à l'arrêt, ainsi que par des moyens d'appui (27-29) du tissu à proximité de la zone de piquage.Tufting device according to claim 4, characterized by means (34-35) for constantly keeping the weft fabric stretched when stationary, as well as by means for supporting (27-29) the fabric near the area of stitching. Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque aiguille (4) comporte une lame (21), portant le chas (22), et que chaque aiguille (4) est montée dans le banc (3) avec l'axe longitudinal tourné de façon que la lame forme un angle (24), avec le plan vertical (23) sur la direction d'avancement du tissu, compris entre 15° et 45°.Tufting device according to claim 4, characterized in that each needle (4) comprises a blade (21), carrying the eye (22), and that each needle (4) is mounted in the bench (3) with the axis longitudinal rotated so that the blade forms an angle (24), with the vertical plane (23) on the direction of advancement of the fabric, between 15 ° and 45 °. Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les crochets (6) sont montés sur le banc (10) de façon que le mouvement linéaire de chaque crochet (6) forme un même angle (24) que celui de l'aiguille (4) avec lequel il forme une paire.Tufting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the hooks (6) are mounted on the bench (10) so that the linear movement of each hook (6) forms the same angle (24) as that of the needle (4) with which it forms a pair. Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour contrôler l'avancement du tissu de trame comprennent un moteur pas à pas (32) équipé d'un élément de verrouillage électronique (33) relié au cylindre délivreur (31) du tissu de trame.Tufting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for controlling the advancement of the weft fabric comprise a stepping motor (32) equipped with an electronic locking element (33) connected to the delivery cylinder (31) weft fabric. Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour contrôler le déplacement latéral du banc (10) de crochets (6) de façon synchrone avec le déplacement du banc (3) des aiguilles (4) sont constitués par un moteur (51) de commande pas à pas qui actionne une vis sans fin (52) portant un écrou (53) relié avec un mécanisme de liaison à rotules (54) avec respectivement le banc (10) des crochets (6) et le banc (3) d'aiguilles (4).Tufting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for controlling the lateral displacement of the bench (10) of hooks (6) synchronously with the displacement of the bench (3) of the needles (4) are constituted by a motor (51) of step control which actuates a worm (52) carrying a nut (53) connected with a ball joint mechanism (54) with respectively the bench (10) of the hooks (6) and the bench ( 3) needles (4). Dispositif de tuftage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour maintenir le tissu (1) constamment en état tendu sont constitués par un cylindre tendeur (28) commandé par un moteur (34) équipé d'un coupleur électromagnétique (35) régulateur de tension.Tufting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for holding the fabric (1) constantly in the stretched state are constituted by a tension cylinder (28) controlled by a motor (34) equipped with an electromagnetic coupler (35) voltage regulator.
EP91870170A 1990-10-26 1991-10-25 Method and apparatus for tufting Withdrawn EP0483101A1 (en)

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