EP0473954A1 - Spannvorrichtung für Werkstücke - Google Patents

Spannvorrichtung für Werkstücke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0473954A1
EP0473954A1 EP91113233A EP91113233A EP0473954A1 EP 0473954 A1 EP0473954 A1 EP 0473954A1 EP 91113233 A EP91113233 A EP 91113233A EP 91113233 A EP91113233 A EP 91113233A EP 0473954 A1 EP0473954 A1 EP 0473954A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
clamping device
base plate
holding
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91113233A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Datron Electronic GmbH
Original Assignee
Datron Electronic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Datron Electronic GmbH filed Critical Datron Electronic GmbH
Publication of EP0473954A1 publication Critical patent/EP0473954A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/061—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/18—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws motor driven, e.g. with fluid drive, with or without provision for manual actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/005—Vacuum work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/16—Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments
    • B25B5/163—Jaws or jaw attachments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping device for workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a base plate is always provided which, either directly in the form of a machine table or in the form of a plate placed on such a plate in a regular coordinate spacing pattern, has vacuum suction openings connected to a distributor line. Furthermore, such a base plate has a lattice-like pattern of longitudinal and transverse grooves, into which, depending on the shape of the workpiece to be held by the vacuum, the workpiece is to be placed, with seals left outside of the seals Vacuum suction openings then have to be closed one after the other by screw inserts to avoid negative pressure losses.
  • Corresponding holding forces are generated by suctioning the support blocks through vacuum suction openings in the base plate, for which purpose the support block lower surface can have its own ring seal if seals in the base plate are dispensed with or take place upwards relative to the workpiece in that additional supports are provided in the support block inner channels run that conduct the vacuum suction from the base plate to the interface between the support block and the workpiece surface. Therefore, it is also necessary to position the support blocks very precisely, so that the inner connecting channels also come to lie in each case via a vacuum outlet opening of the base plate, since a vacuum effect between the surface of the support blocks and the tool is not achieved in any other way can. This reduces the degree of freedom in the positioning of the support blocks, so that at least where the support blocks must necessarily be located, no piercing of the workpiece surface can be carried out.
  • these lateral holding blocks to suitable vertical workpiece surfaces then takes place in that these holding blocks are supplied with negative pressure from an external distributor line even via separate hose connections, so that the lateral holding blocks can suck onto corresponding counter surfaces of the workpiece.
  • these lateral holding blocks cannot apply sufficiently large holding forces in the transverse direction, since they slide on the surface of the base plate.
  • auxiliary fastening elements are also provided, which simply secure the workpieces placed on the base plate by means of screw bolts at their ends via intermediate pieces, so that it does not matter that the lateral holding blocks cannot apply any transverse stresses.
  • Front panels require a larger number of cutouts in order to switch, lights, indicators and. to be able to record; furthermore, engravings, grinding work and the like. The like.
  • the machining or other processing of such a front plate in normal cases poses problems because clamping such a flat plate-like workpiece leads to bulging only on opposite sides, for example, and uncontrolled vibration behavior can often occur, in particular during processing. for example when a high-speed milling cutter produces certain cutouts.
  • the vacuum clamping devices already mentioned at the beginning mainly known for the machining of larger workpieces, from which it is known to use negative pressure for holding and positioning workpieces, possibly in conjunction with further mechanically operating hold-down devices, lateral clamping claws, do not help here either. interposed spacer blocks, which may even forward the negative pressure effect from the base plate upwards to a corresponding interface with the workpiece.
  • These known vacuum clamping devices are constructed too complicated, require a lot of time to change over and are not able to provide the free space underneath the workpiece that is absolutely necessary for machining.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of a problem-free, fast and, if desired, reproducible mounting of workpieces with any To allow processing operations, in particular the machining deformation.
  • the invention solves this problem with the characterizing features of claim 1 and has the advantage that even flat, plate-like workpieces can be stored and clamped in the area of a machine table without problems for any machining operations, in particular for machining deformation, without great effort and without the need for any screwing work , whereby the holding forces that come into effect can be considerable to extreme depending on the number of holding suction blocks used.
  • the machine table or the base plate formed by it forms a flat, smooth surface, or that a flat, smooth plate is placed on the machine table with grooves or grooves where retaining suction blocks are arranged, and optionally fastened (by screwing) is, since with the help of the suction blocks acting on both sides, any workpiece shape is no problem, can be clamped securely and inexpensively.
  • the shape and structure of the vacuum clamping device according to the invention is particularly uncomplicated and also inexpensive, since it is the holding suction blocks themselves that form the clamping device - it is therefore not necessary to be difficult with an otherwise always available, complicated vacuum groove guidance system and sealing distributions having clamping device and the most difficult to deal with. If necessary, the clamping device can be used on any table, in addition to the holding suction blocks, an arrangement for generating negative pressure is necessary.
  • Another advantageous embodiment is that even very thin and flexible workpieces can be held safely and without deformation by the holding suction blocks, since these are provided with support ribs upwards in deviation from an otherwise possible suction cup-like design, which also with a larger expansion of the block surface , whereby a greater holding force can of course also be achieved, ensure that the workpiece placed on it is not pulled into the middle of the suction area of the holding block shape, that is to say it is arched downward.
  • a further embodiment, which can also be used independently of the holding suction blocks for clamping workpieces, is that in addition to the clamping effects on the workpiece caused vertically downward by the negative pressure effects, the holding suction blocks also act obliquely or horizontally, for example from machining originating gravitational forces can be absorbed by an additional movable clamping element in the form of a short-stroke clamping jaw device, which is attached to the base plate, but also on a normal grooved work surface in any manner and the respective workpiece in the manner of a vise z.
  • a pressure effect eg negative pressure
  • a pressure effect can be used for the primary generation of force, since corresponding pressure supply sources with assigned supply lines are provided anyway.
  • the negative pressure can either be generated by conventional vacuum pumps - it is advantageous to use means which are able to achieve a corresponding negative pressure effect from the pressure sources which are usually present in workshops or laboratories, preferably by means of conventional Venturi nozzles develop a certain vacuum effect from an air flow through bypass openings, which leads to a negative pressure of, for example, 0.9 atm.
  • a negative pressure is completely sufficient to be able to generate a total pressure of up to 25 kg and more for such a single holding suction block with the usual dimensions of holding suction blocks with a diameter of, for example, 60 mm, in order to name a few numerical numerical values for better orientation, to which, however, the present invention is not limited.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the laterally acting clamping element then consists in the fact that this can exert very strong lateral clamping pressures on the clamped workpiece via a single-acting force reinforcement via a lever, the lateral clamping element itself on the base plate, for. B. is held only by negative pressure.
  • the basic idea is to position the workpiece by means of holding suction blocks that develop a vacuum on both sides, the holding suction blocks being placed on a smooth surface and having suitable sealants on both sides to prevent loss of vacuum.
  • the base plate for a workpiece processing device is designated 10; only schematically above the base plate at 11 is the milling spindle of a machine tool performing a machining deformation.
  • the base plate 10 can be part of the machine tool table or placed and fastened thereon be; it preferably has a base plate 11 with a smooth, uninterrupted surface 11a, the usual fastening means such as T-slots, fixing or holding bores u. The like. makes superfluous, and via a stationary, at right angles extending upward side surface 12 which carries a clamping jaw 12a - this will be discussed further below.
  • suction blocks 14a, 14b, 14c of basically any shape are provided, which, in the manner of spacers, between the upper surface 11a of the base plate 10 and the lower surface of the workpiece 13 are arranged.
  • Both the height of these holding suction blocks and their shape are basically arbitrary; it is only essential that the holding suction blocks develop a vacuum effect on both sides, so that on the one hand they sit firmly with their lower surface on the facing surface 11a of the base plate 10 and also adhere to it by means of corresponding vacuum-induced suction forces and at the same time are able to do so due to vacuum-related conditions effective suction forces above to fix the workpiece 13 in the desired position for the respective, preferably also computer-controlled, machining process and to hold it immovably.
  • the holding suction blocks can in principle have any shape, height and dimensions, in particular it is possible that these blocks also have different surface dimensions at the top and bottom.
  • the holding suction blocks do not need to be rotationally symmetrical, but can, for example, starting from the lower base, assume an elongated oval shape at the top or even be shaped so that there are certain fixing patterns for the workpiece, virtually bypassing the machining surfaces in it.
  • the lower and upper sides each have a closed annular groove 17, 17 'at the edge, in which a closed O-ring is inserted or another suitable seal.
  • the negative pressure then passes from suitable cross bores 18, 18 '(not shown) provided with connecting nipples to pressure outlets 19, 19' directed upwards and downwards (see FIG. 5) and then distributes itself over the upper and lower surfaces to the edges in the Ring grooves 17, 17 'inserted upper and lower seals 20, 20'.
  • the seal inserted into the ring grooves 17, preferably O-ring 20, 20 'in the initial state i.e. when the suction suction block is not under vacuum, protrudes slightly beyond the ring groove, so that the seal is then compressed under the action of vacuum and then additionally to the sealing effect between the respective block and the facing surface due to the seal to a metallic contact between the facing surfaces of the holding suction block on the one hand and surface 11a of the base plate 10 or the lower surface of the workpiece 13 on the other hand.
  • annular grooves 26 are provided in this case, with inner material rings 25 lying otherwise at the same height as the outer peripheral edge 24.
  • inner support means for the workpiece placed on it the rest of the inner ring grooves 26 being all connected to one another and, of course, to the upper vacuum outlet opening 21, for example through one or more transverse channels 27 to the outer seal.
  • a further measure is advantageous, which consists in that the negative pressure as usual also by means of suitable pumps u.
  • the negative pressure as usual also by means of suitable pumps u.
  • Can be generated but preferably small Venturi nozzles are used in their own housing, which are subjected to excess pressure, for example of 6 Atü, everywhere in workshops or laboratories and which thereby produce a suction effect on a parallel bore due to the amount of air flowing past, as this is known for such devices, which is in the order of a negative pressure of up to 0.9 Atü.
  • Venturi nozzles can preferably be used for the generation of vacuum, which has the further advantage that the venturi nozzle can be temporarily closed by simply closing the overpressure outflow opening can reverse whole effect; because in this case the connection opening, at which the negative pressure normally builds up, is now put under positive pressure so that the pressure effect is reversed.
  • a device that mechanically grips here in a certain area can be used, which is referred to below as the lateral clamping element 28 and in FIG. 1 is shown.
  • Such a lateral clamping element 28 consists of a part which is held on the base plate 10, preferably by means of a vacuum, which is brought laterally against the workpiece 13 against a stop and which clamps in the transverse direction, i.e. horizontally, by means of a mechanically reinforced lever action, which is ultimately also due to a further pressure action ; -
  • a vacuum which is brought laterally against the workpiece 13 against a stop and which clamps in the transverse direction, i.e. horizontally, by means of a mechanically reinforced lever action, which is ultimately also due to a further pressure action ;
  • the lateral clamping element 28 consists of a lower bearing part 29 and an upper pressure part 30, which is displaced in a pressure-dependent (pneumatic) manner and, in the embodiment shown, generates strong laterally acting forces by means of a mechanical lever action.
  • the lower bearing part 29 as well as the upper pressure part 30 are both L-shaped and so against each other placed that there is a rectangular cross-sectional shape, as shown in Fig. 1, wherein a hinge effect is formed at 31 between these two parts, for example, by attaching a resilient metal strip or a spring strip 32 stationary on both parts.
  • the upper pressure part 30 is able, according to the double arrow A, to move up and down with its rear end region at 30a relative to the bearing part 29, because of the hinge effect at 31, with the result that the front, the The workpiece 13 facing edge of the pressure part 30 at 30b produces a pressure effect which acts in the direction of arrow B and which is mechanically considerably increased in accordance with the L-shape of the lever formed in this way, which acts on the facing lateral edge of the workpiece 13 via an intermediate clamping jaw 31.
  • the workpiece can then also be held and clamped by the clamping jaw 12a, which is stationary here, of the lateral flank 12 of the base plate 10 which projects upwards.
  • the primary movement of the lateral tensioning element 28 can then be derived from a pneumatic or hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 32, which works with overpressure or, since available everywhere here, with underpressure and has a small piston 32a which, when underpressure is applied, into the space in which the piston rod is accommodated Cylinders undergoes an upward shift when the lower working chamber is vented. Since the lever effect achieved in this way is enormous, the piston-cylinder unit 32 need not have any larger dimensions in order to exert a force of 50 kg or more laterally on the clamped workpiece 13, for example.
  • the reaction force caused by this pressure effect on the lateral clamping element is absorbed by its attachment to the base plate or a grooved worktop, for example by screwing the lower bearing part 29 to the worktop or otherwise bringing it to a stop.
  • a possible attachment of the lateral clamping element on a non-grooved base plate, particularly in the context of use in connection with the holding suction blocks, can also be carried out in such a way that the bearing part 29 is placed over a large area with its entire surface and the lower surface 29a of the bearing part in the same manner, but if desired , with a larger area and therefore also with a correspondingly greater pressure by means of the supply of negative pressure, also against lateral slipping, as has been explained in detail above with regard to the fastening of the holding suction blocks on the smooth, continuous base plate.
  • the dimensions of the peripheral seal or the peripheral O-ring are dimensioned such that the O-ring is not fully compressed even under the strongest negative pressure, so that it does not yet become a metallic contact comes between the lower surface of the bearing part 29 and the surface 11a of the base plate 10.
  • the rubber-like material of the seal then exerts such a strong adhesive and claw effect, reinforced by the full suction pressure of, for example, 50 or 60 or even more kg, that it is no longer possible to slide sideways - any elastic yielding that occurs here is no problem caught by a correspondingly stronger pressing in the area of the pressure part 30. It can be seen that the horizontal forces exerted or absorbed by the lateral tensioning element are balanced.
  • slightly inclined incisions 33 can be provided on the facing lateral clamping jaws 12a or 31, so that the workpiece is securely and immovably positioned and fixed in all directions.
  • the procedure is therefore such that the clamping element 28 is first pushed sideways to the stop against the workpiece 13, then the vacuum effect for fixing the bearing part 29 is switched on and thereupon there is pneumatic positive or negative pressure on the piston-cylinder unit 32, so that the pressure part 30 is tilted about its hinge bearing 31, laterally presses with great force against the workpiece 13 and holds it immovably.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
EP91113233A 1990-09-07 1991-08-07 Spannvorrichtung für Werkstücke Withdrawn EP0473954A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904028446 DE4028446C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-09-07 1990-09-07
DE4028446 1990-09-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0473954A1 true EP0473954A1 (de) 1992-03-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91113233A Withdrawn EP0473954A1 (de) 1990-09-07 1991-08-07 Spannvorrichtung für Werkstücke

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0473954A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE4028446C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5993302A (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-11-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Carrier head with a removable retaining ring for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
US6080050A (en) * 1997-12-31 2000-06-27 Applied Materials, Inc. Carrier head including a flexible membrane and a compliant backing member for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
CN111482830A (zh) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-04 深圳市鑫雨达珠宝有限公司 一种基于大气压强的珠宝加工用钻孔固定装置

Families Citing this family (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4221222A1 (de) * 1992-06-27 1994-01-05 Ottensteiner Kunststoff Gmbh Vakuum-Aufspannvorrichtung zur Halterung von Werkstücken
DE4343327C2 (de) * 1993-12-18 1997-09-11 Oxytechnik Ges Systemtech Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Werkstückkanten
EP0665100A1 (de) * 1993-12-28 1995-08-02 CARL AUG. PICARD GMBH & CO. KG. Arbeitsplatte
DE4404189C1 (de) * 1994-02-10 1995-05-11 Deutsche Aerospace Spannvorrichtung für rotationssymmetrische Hohlladungen
DE19629685C2 (de) * 1996-03-29 1999-07-22 Schmalz J Gmbh Blocksauger
DE10025641C2 (de) * 2000-05-24 2002-05-16 Schmalz J Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Fixieren von Werkstücken
DE10043242A1 (de) * 2000-09-02 2002-03-28 Karl Goeckel Modulare Vakuumspannvorrichtung
DE10124315C1 (de) * 2001-05-17 2002-07-11 Klessmann Ima Gmbh Holzbearbei Vakuumspanneinrichtung für Werkstücke für stationär bearbeitende Maschinen
DE10151635B4 (de) * 2001-10-17 2007-12-06 J. Schmalz Gmbh Unterdruckhaltevorrichtung
DE10346259B4 (de) * 2003-09-24 2006-11-02 J. Schmalz Gmbh Haltevorrichtung für Werkstücke
DE102009024567B4 (de) * 2009-06-08 2013-08-08 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Niederhalter für Wasserstrahlschneiden
CN104289943B (zh) * 2014-10-30 2017-01-25 芜湖杰诺科技有限公司 一种阀门端面加工用夹具
CN105643492B (zh) * 2016-03-29 2017-07-11 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院南通分院 安全阀液压夹紧拆装平台及其工作方法
IT201600095504A1 (it) * 2016-09-22 2018-03-22 Cms Spa Dispositivo di bloccaggio
IT202000003488A1 (it) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-20 F O M Ind S R L Centro di lavoro per la lavorazione di profilati, in particolare di alluminio, leghe leggere, pvc o simili

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE729838C (de) * 1939-03-11 1943-01-04 Paul Forkardt Komm Ges Vorrichtung zum Spannen von Werkstuecken gegen einen Maschinentisch mittels Pressluft oder Druckfluessigkeit
US3520055A (en) * 1967-04-26 1970-07-14 Western Electric Co Method for holding workpieces for radiant energy bonding
US3711082A (en) * 1969-05-09 1973-01-16 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Fastening equipment with low pressure suction
EP0139824A2 (de) * 1983-10-22 1985-05-08 Horst Witte Entwicklungs- und Vertriebs-KG Vakuum-Spannvorrichtung zum Aufspannen von Werkstücken auf Werkzeugmaschinentischen oder dergleichen
DD225936A1 (de) * 1984-07-11 1985-08-14 Dkk Scharfenstein Veb Vakuumjustiervorrichtung
US4723766A (en) * 1986-10-01 1988-02-09 Ekstrom, Carlson & Co. Programmable vacuum pod system for chucking workpieces

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DE2232387C3 (de) * 1972-07-01 1980-01-10 Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werkefokker Gmbh, 2800 Bremen System zum Aufbau von Vorrichtungen zum Aufspannen von Werkstücken

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE729838C (de) * 1939-03-11 1943-01-04 Paul Forkardt Komm Ges Vorrichtung zum Spannen von Werkstuecken gegen einen Maschinentisch mittels Pressluft oder Druckfluessigkeit
US3520055A (en) * 1967-04-26 1970-07-14 Western Electric Co Method for holding workpieces for radiant energy bonding
US3711082A (en) * 1969-05-09 1973-01-16 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Fastening equipment with low pressure suction
EP0139824A2 (de) * 1983-10-22 1985-05-08 Horst Witte Entwicklungs- und Vertriebs-KG Vakuum-Spannvorrichtung zum Aufspannen von Werkstücken auf Werkzeugmaschinentischen oder dergleichen
DD225936A1 (de) * 1984-07-11 1985-08-14 Dkk Scharfenstein Veb Vakuumjustiervorrichtung
US4723766A (en) * 1986-10-01 1988-02-09 Ekstrom, Carlson & Co. Programmable vacuum pod system for chucking workpieces

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5993302A (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-11-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Carrier head with a removable retaining ring for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
US6080050A (en) * 1997-12-31 2000-06-27 Applied Materials, Inc. Carrier head including a flexible membrane and a compliant backing member for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
US6277009B1 (en) 1997-12-31 2001-08-21 Applied Materials, Inc. Carrier head including a flexible membrane and a compliant backing member for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
CN111482830A (zh) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-04 深圳市鑫雨达珠宝有限公司 一种基于大气压强的珠宝加工用钻孔固定装置
CN111482830B (zh) * 2020-05-18 2021-08-17 南京溧水高新产业股权投资有限公司 一种基于大气压强的珠宝加工用钻孔固定装置

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DE4028446C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-12-05

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