EP0468155B1 - Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion de gaz combustible avec gaz oxygéné - Google Patents

Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion de gaz combustible avec gaz oxygéné Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0468155B1
EP0468155B1 EP91107864A EP91107864A EP0468155B1 EP 0468155 B1 EP0468155 B1 EP 0468155B1 EP 91107864 A EP91107864 A EP 91107864A EP 91107864 A EP91107864 A EP 91107864A EP 0468155 B1 EP0468155 B1 EP 0468155B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
gas
suction
tube
combustion
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EP91107864A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0468155A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dr. Stutzenberger
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Lissack
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for burning fuel gas with oxygen gas, in particular with a low-pressure fuel gas supply ( ⁇ 100 mbar) using the Coanda effect, i.e. that low-pressure fuel gas is supplied to a suction-mixing tube over the entire cross-section except for an annular gap adjacent to the wall of the suction-mixing tube, while at the same time oxygen gas is fed in via the annular gap at a higher pressure, thereby causing fuel gas to be sucked in.
  • the oxygen gas required for combustion is supplied in several steps.
  • Fuels relevant according to the invention are in principle all gaseous fuels, but in particular the invention relates to fuel gases which, for technical reasons, are often only available at low pressure, such as natural gas.
  • oxygen gas includes air, oxygen-enriched air and, above all, pure oxygen.
  • Propulsion nozzle burners are primarily known from oxyfuel technology.
  • the injection burners used there have the main objective of achieving a good mixing of fuel and oxygen gas and are also used there for safety reasons.
  • An essential point in the case of propellant jet burners is, however, that one of the two media necessary for combustion, namely the fuel gas and the oxygen gas, can be introduced to an increased extent by the other by means of the known suction effect.
  • the suction effect of a compact, centrally flowing jet on its surroundings and the Coanda effect are known (see textbook '' Industrial furnace and burner construction '' JHBrunklaus, Vulkan Verlag Essen, 4th edition, Jan. 1975, pages 101 to 103, especially pictures 100 and 101).
  • a method according to the preamble of the main claim is known from DD-A-212 305, where, however, solid fuels, which are conveyed by a gas with the lowest flow pressure, are to be burned with a reduction in the generation of NO x .
  • This is achieved there by gradual combustion with swirling, the first step being to take advantage of the known Coanda effect by the primary air sucking in the gas containing the solid fuel in the first combustion stage.
  • the swirling is carried out by means of swirl internals through which the secondary and tertiary air of the further combustion stages flow.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide an efficient, safe and easily controllable combustion process for a low-pressure fuel gas supply.
  • This object is achieved according to the present invention on the basis of the Coanda effect and the high pressure availability of the oxygen gas, in that a primary part of the oxygen gas required for combustion is supplied via the Coanda annular gap within the suction-mixing tube, the primary part of the Oxygen gas is dimensioned such that the ignition limit of the gas mixture which forms remains below, while a secondary part is first fed to the gas mixture leaving the suction-mixing tube, the values for the pressure and amount of the primary and secondary oxygen gas depending on the available fuel gas pressure desired setting of the combustion and the combustion performance as well as the application and basic safety data.
  • the gas mixture in the suction-mixing tube contains at most as much oxygen that the ignition limit remains below.
  • a further possibility of developing the method according to the invention is that the size of the annular gap required for producing the Coanda effect is also varied. In addition to the parameters mentioned in the main claim, this results in a further influencing variable for optimizing a corresponding combustion process.
  • v ⁇ v G * Z * (1/100-Z) must obey, where v g is the total gas volume flow and Z are the ignition limit in% if the above-mentioned protective function should still be present.
  • the equation must be reinterpreted accordingly for oxygen-enriched air.
  • the pressure of the primary oxygen gas is advantageously set between 0.3 and 15 bar, preferably between 0.5 and 4 bar.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention consists of an outer tube forming the outer shell, in which a second tube, the so-called suction-mixing tube, is arranged, leaving an annular channel, which is provided for the supply of the secondary oxygen gas, and has Within this second tube, also with the release of a further ring channel, an inner tube, this inner tube already ending well in front of the outlet-side ends of the outer tube and the approximately equally extending second tube, thus resulting in a mixing chamber in the front, outlet-side region of the burner head formed in this way which the primary oxygen gas from the inner ring channel and the fuel gas from the central channel enter with the formation of the Coanda effect and wherein facilities are provided, whereby the pressure and quantity adjustment of the primary and the secondary oxygen gas is possible.
  • two separate supply lines are provided for the supply of primary and secondary oxygen gas to the corresponding ring channels, and suitable pressure adjustment valves are arranged in each of these supply lines.
  • only one supply line for the oxygen gas is provided with an adjusting valve arranged therein, the oxygen gas being divided into two suitable fractions by means of flow-determining internals in the ring channels.
  • the method according to the invention can in each case be operated successfully with the two device variants just mentioned, the first variant providing the possibility of changing the two essential process parameters even during operation, while in the latter variant after suitable installations, e.g. Congestion rings in the ring channels, there is a fixed basic setting with an oxygen gas supply at a certain pressure level.
  • the suction-mixing tube is constructed in several parts, namely from a front-side diffuser, a connecting piece with a threaded area and a base tube.
  • the inner tube is also advantageously composed in two parts from a base tube with an attached, externally beveled nozzle lip.
  • This multi-part design of the suction-mixing tube makes it possible to vary the width of the annular gap which allows the propellant oxygen gas to escape.
  • Advantageous gap widths are between 0.05 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 1 mm.
  • the diffuser has an opening angle of between 4 and 15 °, preferably 6 and 9 °, on the output side and a length L which is preferred with the equation L ⁇ 0.75d / 2 * sin (10-x) obeys, where d is the diffuser diameter at the narrowest point and x is the opening angle to the axis.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combustion or firing device according to the invention with a burner B and a gas supply G.
  • the burner B consists of an outer tube 1, a suction-mixing tube 2 arranged concentrically therein and another one, likewise arranged concentrically Inner tube 4, these tubes being built on a base part 8 and annular channels 3, 5 being formed between the tubes.
  • Supply lines 11, 12 can be supplied with oxygen gas, while the central channel 7 is connected to a fuel gas supply via a supply line 13 (in FIG. 2, corresponding parts are designated with the same reference numbers).
  • Adjusting valves 15, 16 are arranged in the feed lines 11, 12 and can be adjusted via an adjusting unit 17.
  • the tubes forming the burner B can be stabilized in their mutual orientation by spacers 9.
  • the fact that the inner tube 4 is shorter than the two outer tubes 1, 2 results on the gas outlet side of the burner B in an inner chamber 6 into which the primary oxygen gas flowing in via the annular channel 5 and the inflowing or flowing out of the central channel 7 Intake fuel gas first.
  • the natural gas intake can be easily adjusted to the needs in the respective application, while on the other hand the oxygen still missing for combustion can be metered in without problems .
  • Typical distribution ratios between primary and secondary oxygen are between ratios of 1: 1 to 1: 5. Because of the quantity ratios that occur, the quantities to be supplied and the pressures and firing capacities to be provided, the method according to the invention can be carried out particularly advantageously with pure oxygen as the oxygen gas.
  • FIG. 2 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of a burner head according to the invention in detail.
  • the suction-mixing tube 2 and the inner tube 4 are made in several parts.
  • the suction-mixing tube 2 is composed of a diffuser 2a on the gas outlet side, a connecting piece 2b with a threaded region 10 and a base tube 2c, while the inner tube 4 is formed of a base tube 4a with a nozzle lip 4b which is tapered on the outside.
  • the present invention thus provides expanded possibilities for designing combustion and firing methods, the method according to the invention and the associated device particularly targeting application situations in which only a fuel gas supply at a low pressure level is available.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de combustion d'un gaz combustible à l'aide d'oxygène gazeux, en particulier en cas d'alimentation en gaz combustible à basse pression (< 100 mbar) par utilisation de l'effet Coanda, c'est-à-dire que du gaz combustible à basse pression est amené à un tube aspiration-mélange (2) sur la section transversale toute entière sauf pour ce qui est d'une fente annulaire voisine de la paroi du tube, alors que, simultanément, de l'oxygène gazeux à haute pression est injecté par la fente annulaire en ayant pour effet une augmentation de l'alimentation en gaz combustible, l'alimentation de l'oxygène gazeux nécessaire à la combustion se produisant en plusieurs étapes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une portion primaire de l'oxygène gazeux nécessaire à la combustion est amenée par l'intermédiaire de la fente annulaire Coanda (5') à l'intérieur du tube aspiration-mélange (2), la portion primaire de l'oxygène gazeux étant calculée de façon à ce que la limite d'inflammation du mélange gazeux qui se forme ne soit pas atteinte,
    alors qu'une portion secondaire est d'abord amenée au mélange gazeux quittant le tube aspiration-mélange (2),
    les valeurs pour la pression et la quantité de l'oxygène gazeux tant primaire que secondaire étant réglées en fonction de la pression de gaz combustible disponible, du réglage de la combustion et de la puissance de combustion souhaités ainsi que du but de l'application et des données techniques de sécurité.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en plus on fait varier la taille de la fente annulaire Coanda (5').
  3. Procédé selon l'une des deux revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la pression de l'oxygène gazeux primaire est ajustée entre 0,3 et 15 bar, de préférence entre 0,5 et 4 bar.
  4. Dispositif de combustion oxygène gazeux-gaz combustible pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications ci-dessus à l'aide de plusieurs éléments constitutifs de forme tubulaire disposés les uns dans les autres, caractérisé en ce que, dans un tube externe (1) formant l'enveloppe externe est disposé un deuxième tube, à savoir un tube aspiration-mélange (2), en laissant libre un canal annulaire (3), qui est prévu pour l'amenée de l'oxygène gazeux secondaire, et que, à l'intérieur du tube aspiration-mélange (2), un tube interne (4) est installé également en formant un canal annulaire (5) et une fente annulaire Coanda (5') fermant ce canal,
    ce tube interne se terminant déjà substantiellement avant les extrémités, du côté sortie, du tube externe (1) et du tube aspiration-mélange (2), approximativement aussi long, et une chambre interne (6) étant formée ainsi dans la zone avant de la tête de combustion ainsi formée, dans laquelle l'oxygène gazeux primaire amené à l'aide du canal annulaire interne (5) et le gaz combustible en provenance du canal central (7) pénètrent avec formation de l'effet Coanda et
    des équipements étant présents qui produisent ou rendent possible l'ajustage séparé en pression et en quantité de l'oxygène gazeux primaire et secondaire.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que deux conduites d'amenée séparées (11, 12) sont prévues pour la conduite de l'oxygène gazeux primaire et secondaire en direction des canaux annulaires (5,3) correspondants et en ce que des valves de réglage (15, 16) sont disposées dans ces conduites d'amenée.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il n'est prévu qu'une conduite d'amenée pour l'oxygène gazeux, conduite dans laquelle est disposée une valve de réglage, et en ce que l'oxygène gazeux est divisé en deux fractions appropriées dans les canaux annulaires (5,3) à l'aide de chicanes déterminant le débit.
  7. Dispositif selon les revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le tube aspiration-mélange (2) est composé d'un diffuseur du côté avant (2a), d'une pièce de raccordement (2b) avec une zone filetée (10), d'un tube de base (2c), et aussi en ce que le tube interne (4) est composé d'un tube de base (4a) ayant une lèvre de buse rapportée (4b) sous forme de biseau du côté externe.
  8. Dispositif selon les revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de la fente annulaire Coanda (5') est de 0,05 à 5 mm, de préférence de 0,1 à 1 mm.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le diffuseur présente du côté sortie un angle d'ouverture x compris entre 4 et 15°, de préférence entre 6 et 9° et une longueur L, qui obéit à l'équation
       L ≧ 0,75 d/2 * sin(10-x)
    Figure imgb0006
     , d étant le diamètre du diffuseur à l'endroit le plus étroit et x étant l'angle d'ouverture par rapport à l'axe.
EP91107864A 1990-05-19 1991-05-15 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion de gaz combustible avec gaz oxygéné Expired - Lifetime EP0468155B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4016180A DE4016180A1 (de) 1990-05-19 1990-05-19 Verfahren zum verbrennen von brenngas mit sauerstoffgas sowie zugehoeriger brenner
DE4016180 1990-05-19

Publications (2)

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EP0468155A1 EP0468155A1 (fr) 1992-01-29
EP0468155B1 true EP0468155B1 (fr) 1995-07-19

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EP91107864A Expired - Lifetime EP0468155B1 (fr) 1990-05-19 1991-05-15 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion de gaz combustible avec gaz oxygéné

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EP (1) EP0468155B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE125345T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4016180A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2074606T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9410945D0 (en) * 1994-06-01 1994-07-20 Boc Group Plc Burners
AT402963B (de) * 1995-09-07 1997-10-27 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum verbrennen von brennstoff
JP5160139B2 (ja) * 2007-04-27 2013-03-13 株式会社パロマ 給湯器用バーナ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD207965A1 (de) * 1982-04-28 1984-03-21 Harald Bartzack Verfahren zum ansaugen und verbrennen gasfoermiger brennstoffe
DE3219105A1 (de) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-24 Horst Dr.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Gatzke Verwendung einer coanda-duese als brenner fuer industrieoefen
DD212305A1 (de) * 1982-12-17 1984-08-08 Inst Energetik Zre Wirbelbrenner zur no tief x-armen verbrennung
EP0141594A3 (fr) * 1983-10-21 1986-03-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Appareil de chauffage

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ES2074606T3 (es) 1995-09-16
DE4016180A1 (de) 1991-11-21
ATE125345T1 (de) 1995-08-15
EP0468155A1 (fr) 1992-01-29
DE59106013D1 (de) 1995-08-24

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