EP0465406B1 - Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Einschmelzen von festen oder dickflüssigen Stoffen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Einschmelzen von festen oder dickflüssigen Stoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0465406B1
EP0465406B1 EP91810417A EP91810417A EP0465406B1 EP 0465406 B1 EP0465406 B1 EP 0465406B1 EP 91810417 A EP91810417 A EP 91810417A EP 91810417 A EP91810417 A EP 91810417A EP 0465406 B1 EP0465406 B1 EP 0465406B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accordance
stage
preheating
melting
crucible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91810417A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0465406A3 (en
EP0465406A2 (de
Inventor
Niklaus Seiler
Martin Schaub
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Management AG
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Sulzer Management AG
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Publication of EP0465406A2 publication Critical patent/EP0465406A2/de
Publication of EP0465406A3 publication Critical patent/EP0465406A3/de
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Publication of EP0465406B1 publication Critical patent/EP0465406B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0273—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using indirect heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for continuous Melting of residues according to the generic term of Claim 1 and a device for performing the Procedure.
  • residues and residues Industry, trade and household, in particular also Residues with pollutants that are difficult to inert e.g. Filter ash and slags from energy generation and Incinerators, paint sludges from paint shops, Filter press and electroplating sludge and residues Flue gas cleaning.
  • pollutants especially heavy metals like Mercury, lead, zinc and cadmium and toxic, converted organic components like dioxins and furans, can be rendered inert or recycled.
  • a known method for inerting such Residual materials form the inclusion process in which e.g. Filter dust containing heavy metals Coal-fired power plants or other incineration plants with Cement and structural minerals mixed and into one concrete-like mass is incorporated.
  • This method however requires large amounts of additives; it requires correspondingly large landfill volumes, and the Long-term stability with regard to washing out integrated, harmful components is at least still unclear.
  • WO-A-9 003 856 describes a processing method of combustion residues in which the Residues are melted after preheating and then a fractionation into vaporizable Pollutants and melt is made. The melt is solidified into storable solid bodies. Also this method is suitable as the one mentioned above Glass melting does not, volatile components too inertize.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known methods and to provide a method and a device for the inertization of residues, which enables extensive and controllable integration of pollutants, in particular also heavy metals, and which also form an SO 2 sink can.
  • the chemical conversions and physical evaporation of residual material components corresponding to this temperature take place in a controlled manner in the preheating and fractionation stage. Undesired reactions and evaporation of components that occur above the preheating temperature T1 are thus avoided.
  • the remaining residues in the melting stage are then heated relatively quickly to at least their flow temperature, melted and solidified by cooling. This relatively rapid melting process largely prevents undesired further decomposition of the residues (eg CaSO4).
  • a substantial proportion of the sulfur contained in the flue gas gypsum is thus rendered inert or incorporated in slag, ie an SO 2 sink is formed.
  • the inerting method according to the invention is thus also much more comprehensive and effective than the previously known ones. A qualitatively and quantitatively larger spectrum of residues can be melted down and converted into an inert, landfill-capable solid final state.
  • the preheating temperature T1 preferably between 400 ° C and 1000 ° C, and they can be at least 200 ° C below the melting temperature T2 lie.
  • the preheating temperature Tl can also be corresponding the composition of the residues to a desired one Exhaust gas fraction and the softening temperature of the residues adjusted to match. In order good
  • the residence time in the melting stage can be an advantage less than 15 minutes, often even less than 5 minutes be.
  • the operating parameters are the temperatures and the dwell times of preheating stage and melting stage or their heating outputs and feed rates are controlled and regulated so that the desired proportions in the preheating stage fractionated and the remaining residues be melted completely.
  • the hot exhaust gases can pass through a further treatment stage Blowing in of cold gas or solid suddenly cooled so that e.g.
  • the device according to the invention can have several preheating stages with one fabric entrance, one heating and have an exhaust pipe, with individually adjustable and controllable operating parameters of the preheating levels, so that different inputs can be optimally treated are.
  • the volume of the melt in the crucible or melting vessel must be at least five times smaller than the volume of the preheat stage by a relatively short residence time to achieve in the melting stage.
  • the crucible can also be an adjustable or have an adjustable outlet siphon.
  • conductive crucibles made of refractory metals such as Molybdenum, tantalum and tungsten or other electrical conductive materials such as graphite and silicon carbide. It can also be a ceramic crucible wall with an electrically conductive Material. This allows electric crucible heaters realized as inductive or resistance heaters will. This results in a quick and easy to control Heating in the immediate vicinity of the melt. In case of inductive heating enables electrically conductive installations very good heat transfer in the crucible. The conductivity can also be caused by conductive residues or additives can be achieved. But the crucible can also be one have indirect gas or oil heating.
  • the preheating stage are also gas or oil heaters, resistance heaters or induction heating possible. As possible Simplification can also be used to heat the melting stage Heating the preheating level 4 may be used.
  • the inventive Device is particularly suitable as an integrated Part of disposal facilities in general and in particular in combination with a flue gas cleaning device.
  • the melting device according to the invention can be one or have several preheating levels.
  • the schematic representation 1 shows three separate preheating and fractionation stages 4, 41, 42, in the various residues 3, 31, 32 can be fed (2, 21, 22).
  • the residues are by means of conveyors 7, 71, 72 in one Lead time tl, tll, t12 moved through the preheating stages and heated to the preheating temperatures T1, T11, T12 by means of the associated heaters 6, 61, 62.
  • Fractionated exhaust gases are generated in each stage, which discharged via lines 8, 81, 82 and any further treatment stages (9) are supplied.
  • the preheating temperatures T1, T11, T12 can be separately on the appropriate residue composition and the desired Fractionation effect can be set.
  • the melted can Phase in a cooling or quenching device 15 solidifies very quickly or with a controlled temperature gradient can be converted into a desired shape.
  • the exhaust gases of this stage 10 are also via an exhaust pipe 13 led away and any further treatment stages fed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a melting device with a screw conveyor 7, which is driven by a motor 29.
  • the throughput time or the dwell time tl can be set in preheating stage 4.
  • a gas oven 26 is used here to heat both stages 4 and 10.
  • a heating output 27 serves as heating 12 of the melting stage 10 and the heating output 28 as the heater 6 Preheating level 4.
  • the pipe 13 serves as the exhaust pipe of this stage 10.
  • the preheating stage 4 has two further exhaust pipes 81 and 82, which e.g. with slow warming different Can absorb exhaust fractions.
  • the melt 17 falls into a water bath as a quenching device 15.
  • the inertized can via a conveyor bath 25 Landfillable residues 20 of further use be fed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a melting stage with induction heating 35, power supply lines 36 and a water cooling 37, the directly heats an electrically conductive crucible 11. This gives a very concentrated heating, which is quick controllable temperature setting T2 enables.
  • An adjustable Outlet siphon 16 determines the desired height H the melt 17 in the crucible 11. This is the siphon drain pipe 40 via an adjusting rod 38 in an adjustment range 39 operated.
  • a setting of the desired Melting height H can also be replaced by interchangeable inserts Siphon drain pipe 40 take place. For a possibly occurring light slag layer on the melt can an additional drain must be installed in the crucible.
  • Fig. 4 shows a combined heating of both stages a gas furnace 26.
  • the melting stage 10 is heated directly, the preheating level 4 indirectly via a bypass 45 and adjustable e.g. through a flap 46.
  • the exhaust pipe 8 the preheating stage is a subsequent high-temperature treatment stage 92 fed, which also from Gas oven 26 is heated.
  • Toxic organic compounds, that are contained in the residue or at low preheating temperatures from 300 ° C to 500 ° C can occur in this high temperature level 92 are completely decomposed.
  • the high temperature stage can also be used in afterburning exist, whose thermal energy also for heating the preheating stage can be used.
  • the inclined arrangement of the Preheating level 4 simplifies the promotion of residues and also the preheating.
  • the funding can also done by a rotary kiln.
  • Fig. 5 shows a disposal system with an integrated Melting device 4, 10 according to the invention Incinerator 47, the flue gases 49 in one Dust removal stage 48 treated and the resulting Filter ash 32 together with the oven ash 33 and the filter cake 34 from a wastewater treatment plant for the preheating and fractionation stage 4 fed. Waste treatment takes place via the melting stages as described 10 to the resulting inert solid 20. If A floating slag layer may be required are deducted separately 66.
  • the exhaust gases 8 and 13 are a quench stage 91 fed as a further treatment stage 9 and cooled very quickly by blown air 59 and solidified.
  • the resulting concentrated Heavy metal salts 50 can be further used.
  • An exhaust gas outlet of the quench stage continues into Activated carbon filter 65, in which the toxic mercury and other volatile, toxic substances 51 excreted becomes.
  • Exhaust gas 58 is then returned to the incinerator.
  • the exhaust gases 55 of the dust separation 48 are a flue gas cleaning 56 supplied. Their exits are clean gas 54 and wastewater, which is in a wastewater treatment plant 57 into clean salts 52 (e.g. road salt), clean waste water 60 and a contaminated filter cake residue 34 is separated.
  • the filter residue 34 in turn, it is returned to preheating stage 4.
  • the inventive method is based on the temporal Temperature curve T (t) in Figures 6 to 8 and following examples further illustrated.
  • Example 2 Average preheating temperatures T1 of e.g. 600 ° C can be used for pyrolyzing organic components, for example of paint sludge with paint residues (Curve 72 in Fig. 7).
  • the correct preheating temperature T1 is important here because, on the one hand, at too low a temperature the pyrolysis does not take place completely, so that subsequently at the high melting temperature in the crucible violent reactions with sudden gas formation occur can what residues undesirably in the exhaust can get carried away. If the preheating temperatures are too high T1 on the other hand, rapid reactions can also occur and Sweep dust into the exhaust.
  • Example 4 Flue gas gypsum originating from flue gas cleaning contains significant amounts of heavy metal contaminants, which have to be rendered inert. These heavy metals but can not at the necessary high temperatures are evaporated like this in conventional glazing systems the case is because these are high The calcium sulfate decomposes again at temperatures above 1000 ° C and the previously bound SO2 is released again.
  • the heavy metal fraction can be used in the preheating stage at a temperature T1 of e.g. 700 ° C can already be largely evaporated without unwanted Production of SO2 by decomposition of calcium sulfate, and organic substances can also be pyrolyzed will.
  • this can be undecomposed Calcium sulfate along with an appropriate one Residual and / or aggregate thanks to a very short lead time t2 can be melted down quickly.
  • the sensitive one The substance then remains inerted in the solidified melt back (curve 74 of FIG. 6) or is separated as a slag deducted.
  • T15 600 ° C
  • T16 1000 ° C (e.g. Evaporate heavy metals).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP91810417A 1990-07-06 1991-06-04 Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Einschmelzen von festen oder dickflüssigen Stoffen Expired - Lifetime EP0465406B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2267/90 1990-07-06
CH2267/90A CH680198A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-07-06 1990-07-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0465406A2 EP0465406A2 (de) 1992-01-08
EP0465406A3 EP0465406A3 (en) 1992-09-02
EP0465406B1 true EP0465406B1 (de) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=4229770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91810417A Expired - Lifetime EP0465406B1 (de) 1990-07-06 1991-06-04 Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Einschmelzen von festen oder dickflüssigen Stoffen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0465406B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH04256485A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE177833T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH680198A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE59109108D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0551057A1 (de) * 1992-01-07 1993-07-14 Sulzer Chemtech AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Einschmelzen von Reststoffen
DE4439939A1 (de) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-15 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Verfahren zur thermischen Entsorgung von Reststoffen
JP2004313936A (ja) * 2003-04-16 2004-11-11 Ngk Insulators Ltd 高温高圧処理装置用予熱装置
ITBS20070210A1 (it) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-22 Enzo Ranchetti Processo e impianto per lo smaltimento di rifiuti contenenti metalli, frazioni inerti e frazioni organiche
CH701352B1 (de) * 2009-06-24 2014-05-30 Niklaus Seiler Verfahren zur thermischen Aufbereitung von Verbrennungsrückständen, insbesondere von Filter-Asche, aus Müll- oder Kehrichtverbrennungsanlagen und zur Metall-Rückgewinnung.

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1138514B (de) * 1956-06-13 1962-10-25 Siemens Ag Tiegel zum Schmelzen hochreiner Halbleiterstoffe
US3162710A (en) * 1962-07-24 1964-12-22 Anderson Donald Jay Induction furnace with removable crucible
JPS5691118A (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-23 Daido Steel Co Ltd Treating method of city refuse
CA1239798A (en) * 1984-09-11 1988-08-02 Toshio Matsuoka Process for recovering valuable metals from an iron dust containing a higher content of zinc
JPS6249988A (ja) * 1985-08-27 1987-03-04 Daido Steel Co Ltd 廃棄物の溶融処理方法
DE8600893U1 (de) * 1986-01-16 1986-03-06 Otto Junker Gmbh, 5107 Simmerath Induktionsspule für Induktionstiegelöfen
AT385435B (de) * 1986-03-07 1988-03-25 Oesterr Forsch Seibersdorf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einbetten und gegebenenfalls ausreagieren von insbesondere toxischen und/oder radioaktiven stoffen bzw. abfaellen
JPS62237984A (ja) * 1986-04-08 1987-10-17 Meisei Kogyo Kk 石綿含有物の廃棄処理方法
DE3703984A1 (de) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-18 Stuttgart Tech Werke Einrichtung zur zerstoerung von halogenierten aromaten, wie chlorierte dibenzodioxine, chlorierte dibenzofurane oder dgl., in flugaschen aus abfallverbrennungsanlagen
JPH0648316B2 (ja) * 1987-06-18 1994-06-22 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 放射性廃液の処理方法
CH673956A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-10-30 1990-04-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE3827086A1 (de) * 1988-08-10 1990-02-15 Atzger Juergen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen entkontaminierung von filterstaeuben und anderen reststoffen
DE58903943D1 (de) * 1988-09-05 1993-05-06 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zur trennung von dampffoermigen schwermetallverbindungen von einem traegergas und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
EP0359003B1 (de) * 1988-09-10 1993-12-08 BETEILIGUNGEN SORG GMBH & CO. KG Verfahren zur Überführung von festen, weitgehend wasserfreien Abfallstoffen in Glasform sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CH687441A5 (de) * 1988-10-13 1996-12-13 Abb Management Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Schlacke aus Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
JPH077102B2 (ja) * 1988-10-21 1995-01-30 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 廃棄物処理用溶融炉及びその加熱方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH680198A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-07-15
ATE177833T1 (de) 1999-04-15
EP0465406A3 (en) 1992-09-02
JPH04256485A (ja) 1992-09-11
EP0465406A2 (de) 1992-01-08
DE59109108D1 (de) 1999-04-22

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