EP0464446B1 - Lampe électrique ayant une couche réflectrice - Google Patents

Lampe électrique ayant une couche réflectrice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464446B1
EP0464446B1 EP91109916A EP91109916A EP0464446B1 EP 0464446 B1 EP0464446 B1 EP 0464446B1 EP 91109916 A EP91109916 A EP 91109916A EP 91109916 A EP91109916 A EP 91109916A EP 0464446 B1 EP0464446 B1 EP 0464446B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
reflecting layer
layer
electric lamp
bulb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91109916A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0464446A2 (fr
EP0464446A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Preissner
Peter Stadahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0464446A2 publication Critical patent/EP0464446A2/fr
Publication of EP0464446A3 publication Critical patent/EP0464446A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0464446B1 publication Critical patent/EP0464446B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/20—Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/35—Vessels; Containers provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
    • H01K1/32—Envelopes; Vessels provided with coatings on the walls; Vessels or coatings thereon characterised by the material thereof
    • H01K1/325—Reflecting coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric lamp with reflector bulb according to the preamble of claim 1, as is widely used in many private and commercial applications today.
  • mirrored lamps are in many embodiments, e.g. Available in pear shape, in teardrop shape or in teardrop shape with pointed tip.
  • Reflector lamps with a mushroom-shaped bulb and a light-reflecting layer on the bulb neck and / or the area near the base, but with a free bulb tip, produce focused light.
  • Reflector light bulbs are e.g. used for effective and invigorating accent lighting.
  • Reflector incandescent lamps in which the dome is designed as a red filter due to special pigmentation of the bulb glass, and which thereby radiate in the therapeutically particularly effective short-wave infrared range, are known as medicinal heat radiators.
  • Ultraviolet radiation lamps for producing tanning effects are reflector lamps which emit a radiation mixture which corresponds to the natural solar radiation in the high mountains.
  • They contain a high pressure mercury burner and a tungsten filament; the bulb is made of a special glass that only allows the proportion of radiation that is also contained in natural sunlight to pass through.
  • Reflector lamps for the growth-promoting irradiation of plants contain a high-pressure mercury burner to generate radiation.
  • the bulb top is coated here with fluorescent material, which generates the red component missing from the spectrum of the high-pressure mercury discharge from the radiation emitted by the burner in the ultraviolet.
  • reflector discharge lamps which deliver bundled white light with good color rendering with high efficiency.
  • the radiation emitted by these lamps comes from a high-pressure discharge burner in which not only mercury but also other i.a. metals filled in the form of their halides are excited to emit visible radiation.
  • the light-reflecting layer has hitherto been produced on the inner surface of the bulb by thermal evaporation of aluminum or aluminum bronze from a tungsten evaporator filament heated by direct current passage or a tungsten evaporator boat in a high vacuum.
  • a flawless and flawless coating requires, among other things. clean, dust-free pistons, which must therefore be washed, rinsed and dried with a hydrofluoric acid preparation before processing, as this can lead to poor adhesion of the layer, unevenness in the layer thickness and holes in the layer.
  • the temperature of the evaporator sources is kept within narrow tolerances in order to maintain the specified layer thicknesses and to avoid color differences, particularly in the case of the gold-colored aluminum bronze layers.
  • suitable covering measures e.g. inert granules filled by mechanical shaders or in the flask up to a certain height, e.g. Aluminum granules - ensure that the piston parts to be kept free are not reached by the evaporated metal atoms or it must be subsequently, e.g. by chemical processes, the evaporated coating is partially removed again.
  • the inside of the entire bulb is first thermally vapor-coated with a metal layer under high vacuum, and then in a subsequent step the bulb neck and bulb down to the dome area by detaching the vapor-deposited metal layer, e.g. with a Hydrofluoric acid batch, exposed again.
  • the coated pistons must be further processed in a dry atmosphere after short storage, as the metal layers are sensitive to moisture and discoloration and detachment can easily occur.
  • JP-A-1054663 discloses a reflector lamp with a light-reflecting aluminum layer on the outside of the bulb, which is protected by a protective layer made of a heat-resistant and transparent plastic, e.g. a fluorocarbon.
  • JP-A-2109003 discloses the possibility of the adhesion of light reflecting layers to e.g. a glass base through intermediate layers of suitable metal oxides or nitrides, e.g. To improve chromium oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide or tin oxide and, if necessary, cover the light-reflecting layer with a protective layer.
  • Claim 3 specifies a method for producing an electric lamp with a light-reflecting layer.
  • a light-reflecting layer according to the invention of excellent mechanical and chemical stability is a layer made of titanium nitride. This applies in particular if the titanium nitride layer was applied in a plasma-assisted coating process is:
  • the layer quality, ie the adhesion of a layer to its base, the density of the layer and its homogeneity increases with increasing mobility, ie with increasing energy of the condensing particles forming the layer cf. "Plasma-assisted vacuum coating processes - process variants and development trends ", G. Kienel, Vacuum in Practice (1990), Mr. 1, pp. 16-20).
  • the condensing particles In thermal evaporation, the condensing particles have an average energy of only 0.2 to 0.3 eV; in plasma-assisted coating processes, particles which are vaporized thermally in a high vacuum ("ion plating") or brought into the vapor phase by sputtering (“sputtering”) are first ionized, accelerated in an electrical DC or AC field and condensed with average energies of a few 10 eV, in reactive, plasma-assisted coating process in reaction to a chemical compound. Layers of titanium nitride applied in this way have an astonishingly high level of adhesion and scratch resistance and are also resistant to oxidation and moisture. They can therefore be applied to the outside of the lamp bulb, since they survive handling and lamp operation without damage, even in aggressive environments and at elevated temperatures.
  • a further advantage is the elimination of the chemical cleaning of the piston surface, which is problematic for reasons of environmental protection and occupational safety, with a hydrofluoric acid preparation before the coating, since in the case of the plasma-supported coating, the cleaning required for the adhesion of the layer by plasma etching in an argon glow discharge immediately before the coating process can be carried out.
  • the plasma-supported coating is carried out, for example, in an argon / nitrogen atmosphere at a pressure between 5-50 Pa, ie with average free path lengths of a few cm.
  • the particles forming the layer therefore suffer impacts on the way to the lamp bulb, which means that, within certain limits, it is also possible to coat curved surfaces with a constant layer thickness and constant layer quality.
  • the dome-mirrored general-purpose incandescent lamp 7 (100 W) shown in FIG. 1 consists of a pear-shaped lamp provided with an E 27 screw base 1 and having an inert gas mixture of argon (85-88%) and nitrogen (15-12%) of approximately 700 hPa Pressure-filled glass bulb 2. It contains an incandescent filament 3, which is mounted on two current leads 4 which are melted gas-tight in the glass bulb and is additionally supported by two holders 5.
  • the adhesive and scratch-resistant light-reflecting layer on the outside of the piston crown 6 consists of titanium nitride, which was applied in a reactive, plasma-supported coating process with sputtering ("sputtering") of a titanium cathode in an argon / nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the gold-colored layer has a thickness of approx. 40 nm; even after 2000 hours of operation of the lamp, it showed no change in its appearance.
  • the reflector lamp 7 '(150 W) shown in FIG. 2 for general lighting consists of a mushroom-shaped E 27 screw base 1' and an inert gas mixture of argon (85-88%) and nitrogen (15-12%) about 1100 hPa pressure-filled glass bulb 2 '. It also contains one Incandescent filament 3 ', which is mounted on two current leads 4' which are melted gas-tight in the glass bulb and is additionally supported by two holders 5 '.
  • the adhesive and scratch-resistant light-reflecting layer on the outside of the piston in the tapering piston region 6 ' consists of titanium nitride, which was also applied in a reactive, plasma-assisted coating process with atomization of a titanium cathode in an argon / nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the gold-colored layer also has a thickness of approx. 40 nm here; it also showed practically no change in its appearance after 2000 hours of operation of the lamp.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Formation Of Various Coating Films On Cathode Ray Tubes And Lamps (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Lampe électrique (7, 7') comportant une ampoule (2,2') de verre étanche, qui renferme un filament (3,3') et/ou un tube de décharge comportant des entrées (4,4') de courant scellées de manière étanche aux gaz, et qui est munie d'une couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière et de grande stabilité mécanique et chimique, caractérisé en ce que la couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière est en nitrure de titane et est déposée directement sur le côté extérieur de l'ampoule (2,2') de verre.
  2. Lampe électrique (7,7') suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la couche (6,6') de nitrure de titane a une épaisseur comprise entre 5 nm et 100 nm.
  3. Procédé de fabrication d'une lampe électrique (7,7') comportant une ampoule (2,2') de verre étanche, qui renferme un filament (3,3') et/ou un tube de décharge comportant des entrées (4,4') de courant scellées de manière étanche aux gaz dans l'ampoule (2,2') de verre, et qui est munie d'une couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière et de grande stabilité mécanique et chimique, caractérisé en ce que la couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière est en nitrure de titane et on la dépose directement sur le côté extérieur de l'ampoule (2,2') de verre au cours d'un procédé de revêtement sous vide par plasma.
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'une lampe électrique (7,7') suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose la couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière directement sur le côté extérieur de l'ampoule (2,2') de verre de la lampe finie de scellement.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'une lampe électrique (7,7') suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose la couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière par pulvérisation cathodique.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'une lampe électrique (7,7') suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose la couche (6,6') réfléchissant la lumière par placage d'ions.
EP91109916A 1990-06-28 1991-06-17 Lampe électrique ayant une couche réflectrice Expired - Lifetime EP0464446B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4020595A DE4020595A1 (de) 1990-06-28 1990-06-28 Elektrische lampe mit lichtreflektierender schicht
DE4020595 1990-06-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464446A2 EP0464446A2 (fr) 1992-01-08
EP0464446A3 EP0464446A3 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0464446B1 true EP0464446B1 (fr) 1996-10-16

Family

ID=6409257

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91109916A Expired - Lifetime EP0464446B1 (fr) 1990-06-28 1991-06-17 Lampe électrique ayant une couche réflectrice

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0464446B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4020595A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUT57946A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8278823B2 (en) 2007-03-30 2012-10-02 General Electric Company Thermo-optically functional compositions, systems and methods of making

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19857079A1 (de) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-15 Volkswagen Ag Glühlampe
DE19857076A1 (de) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-15 Volkswagen Ag Glühlampe

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1035871B (de) * 1956-04-17 1958-08-07 Lampes Elect Fab Reunies Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer diffus reflektierenden Schicht auf den Kolben einer elektrischen Gluehlampe oder Entladungsroehre
JPH06100687B2 (ja) * 1983-08-22 1994-12-12 東芝ライテック株式会社 管 球
DE3425467A1 (de) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-23 Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur verbesserung des farbeindrucks von titannitrid-schichten
JPS63144379A (ja) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-16 Minolta Camera Co Ltd 定着装置
JPS63174262A (ja) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-18 Nec Home Electronics Ltd アパ−チヤ型蛍光ランプ
JPS63252944A (ja) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-20 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd 透明熱線反射板
JPH0762992B2 (ja) * 1987-08-26 1995-07-05 東芝ライテック株式会社 反射形メタルハライドランプ
JPH01143130A (ja) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-05 Ushio Inc 蛍光ランプ
JP2838525B2 (ja) * 1988-10-18 1998-12-16 コニカ株式会社 反射鏡
JP2993003B2 (ja) * 1989-03-10 1999-12-20 ソニー株式会社 パターン形成方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8278823B2 (en) 2007-03-30 2012-10-02 General Electric Company Thermo-optically functional compositions, systems and methods of making

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0464446A2 (fr) 1992-01-08
DE59108277D1 (de) 1996-11-21
EP0464446A3 (en) 1992-10-21
HUT57946A (en) 1991-12-30
DE4020595A1 (de) 1992-01-09

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