EP0460392A1 - Procédé pour la production d'un corps en mousse métallique - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production d'un corps en mousse métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0460392A1
EP0460392A1 EP91106755A EP91106755A EP0460392A1 EP 0460392 A1 EP0460392 A1 EP 0460392A1 EP 91106755 A EP91106755 A EP 91106755A EP 91106755 A EP91106755 A EP 91106755A EP 0460392 A1 EP0460392 A1 EP 0460392A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
blowing agent
temperature
powder
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91106755A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0460392B1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Dr.-Ing. Schrader
Joachim Dipl.-Phys. Baumeister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904018360 external-priority patent/DE4018360C1/de
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0460392A1 publication Critical patent/EP0460392A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0460392B1 publication Critical patent/EP0460392B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for producing foamable metal bodies and their use.
  • porous metal materials can be produced.
  • a simple method for producing these materials is the mixing of gas-releasing substances in molten metals.
  • the blowing agent decomposes with the release of gas due to the effect of temperature. This process leads to the foaming of the molten metal.
  • After completion of the process there is a foamed metal material which has an irregular, random shape.
  • This material can be further processed into bodies of the desired shape by appropriate processes.
  • only separation processes are suitable as processes for further processing, and consequently not every metal body can be formed from such a metal material.
  • Other processes for the production of porous metal materials also have similar disadvantages, such as, for. B. impregnation of an existing plastic foam with a slurry of metal powder and a carrier medium and a subsequent burning out or evaporation of the plastic foam after drying.
  • this method is very complex.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of foamable metal bodies which is inexpensive, simple to use, can be carried out without high forming outlay and at the same time can be used for blowing agents with a low decomposition temperature.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a use of the foamable bodies produced in this way.
  • metal hydrides such as titanium hydride, carbonates, e.g. calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, hydrates, e.g. B. aluminum sulfate hydrate, alum, aluminum hydroxide or easily evaporating substances, such as mercury compounds or powdered organic substances.
  • This intensely mixed powder mixture is compressed by hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing into a compact, gas-tight body. In the compacting process, it is of crucial importance according to the invention that the temperature is selected so high that the connection between the individual metal powder particles is predominantly made by diffusion.
  • the pressure is chosen so high that the decomposition of the propellant is prevented and a compact body is formed in which the metal particles are in a fixed connection with one another and form a gas-tight seal for the gas particles of the propellant.
  • the blowing agent particles are thus "trapped" between the interconnected metal particles, so that they only release gas in a later step of foaming. So can also be used with blowing agents whose decomposition temperature is below the compacting temperature. By applying the high pressure, these blowing agents do not decompose.
  • This measure according to the invention allows the use of blowing agents, the selection of which can only be chosen on the basis of compatibility with the selected metal powder or on the basis of the efficiency of the method.
  • the suitable choice of the process parameters temperature and pressure ensures that a body is produced which has a gas-tight structure. Furthermore, the fact that the propellant gas remains “trapped” between the metal particles prevents it from escaping prematurely from the compacted body. Accordingly, the amounts of blowing agent required are small. Blowing agent proportions of the order of a few tenths of a percent by weight are sufficient because the compacted body is completely compressed and the propellant gas cannot escape. Amounts of blowing agent from 0.2 to 1% have proven to be particularly favorable. Only the amount of blowing agent that is necessary to produce a foam structure has to be added. This leads to cost savings. Furthermore, it is advantageous that, due to the selected high temperature and the application of the high pressure, the compacting process takes place in a short time
  • An advantageous feature of the method according to the invention is that after the hot compaction process has ended, both the heat and the pressure are released simultaneously.
  • the still hot metal body keeps its shape even though there is no longer any pressure. This means that the metal particles form such a tight seal for the blowing agent powder particles that there is no expansion of the blowing agent, even at elevated temperature.
  • the metal body produced in this way is dimensionally stable and retains its shape even under elevated temperature and without the action of pressure.
  • the invention provides the addition of reinforcing components in the form of fibers or particles made of suitable materials, such as Ceramics before. These are advantageously added to the starting powders.
  • the starting materials and the foaming parameters in particular should be selected so that a good wetting of the reinforcement components by the metal matrix is guaranteed. It is advantageous if the fibers or particles are coated (e.g. with nickel). This ensures that the forces from the metal matrix are introduced into the particle / fiber.
  • Another method for producing foamable metal bodies is rolling at an elevated temperature of a powder mixture consisting of at least one metal powder and at least one blowing agent powder. This creates a connection between the metal and blowing agent powder particles in the roll gap.
  • the peculiarity of the person skilled in the art applies here that the diffusion between the particles occurs to a sufficient extent even at lower temperatures, in the temperature range around 400 ° C. for aluminum. These processes occur particularly in the surface layers.
  • the temperature range between 350 ° C and 400 ° C has proven to be particularly advantageous with aluminum rollers.
  • the measure of intermediate heating of the pre-rolled material after the individual roll passes is important, since this largely prevents the occurrence of edge cracks.
  • the method according to the invention provides that if the reinforcement is to be aligned along a preferred direction, this can be brought about by reshaping the foamable body. This transformation can e.g. by extrusion or rolling.
  • the invention provides that two or more blowing agents with different decomposition temperatures are mixed into the metal powder. If a foamable body produced from this powder mixture is heated, the blowing agent with the lower temperature first decomposes and causes foaming. If the temperature is increased further, the blowing agent decomposes at the next higher decomposition temperature and causes further foaming. The foaming takes place in two or more stages. Such gradually expanding foamable metal bodies have a particular application, e.g. in fire protection.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it is now possible to produce bodies which have a continuously or discontinuously changing density over their cross section, so-called graded materials.
  • An increase in density toward the edge of the foamable body is preferred since this is where the primary stress occurs.
  • a foamable body with a solid cover layer or a cover layer with a higher density offers advantages in terms of joining and joining with materials of the same or a different type. If the process of hot compacting is carried out in a mold, the powder mixture being wholly or partly surrounded by a metal or metal powder free of blowing agent, the blowing agent-free metal layers form fen.
  • the blowing agent-free metal layers each form a solid, less porous outer layer or bottom layer or cover layer, between which there is a layer which, after a foaming process, is a highly porous one Metal foam layer forms.
  • the foamable metal body produced by the method according to the invention can be used to produce a porous metal body. This is done by heating the foamable body to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, which releases the same gas, and then cooling the body so foamed. It is advantageous if the heating temperature is in the temperature range of the melting point of the metal used or above or in the solidus-liquidus interval of the alloy used.
  • the heating rates of the semi-finished product during the foaming process are within normal limits, i.e. they are about 1 - 5 ° C per sec. High heating rates are not necessary because the gas cannot escape anyway. These usual heating speeds are a further feature of the invention which leads to cost reduction. It goes without saying that in individual cases, e.g. to achieve small pore size, a high heating rate is advantageous.
  • the inventive method further provides that after the foaming, the cooling rate must be selected so that no further foaming takes place from the inside of the body. With larger parts, the cooling rate must be chosen higher than with smaller ones, it must be adapted to the sample volume.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the density of the porous metal body can be varied by suitable selection of the foaming parameters time and temperature. If the foaming process is interrupted after a certain time at constant temperature, a certain density results. If the foaming process is continued for a longer period, this leads to different density values. It is important that certain limit values are observed: A maximum permissible foaming time, after which the already foamed material collapses, should be observed.
  • Foaming of the semi-finished product is free if no final shape is specified.
  • the foaming can also take place in a mold.
  • the finished porous metal body takes on the predetermined shape. It is therefore possible according to the method according to the invention to also produce molded parts from porous metallic material.
  • the metal body produced by foaming the semi-finished product obtained in this way has a predominantly closed porosity; the metal bodies float in the water.
  • the resulting pores are evenly distributed throughout the metal body, they are also approximately uniform in size.
  • the pore size can be adjusted during the foaming process by the time in which the metal foam can expand.
  • the density of the porous metal body can be adapted to the requirements. As already described, this can be done not only by a suitable choice of the foaming parameters, but also by a suitable addition of the blowing agent.
  • the strength and ductility of the porous metal body can be varied by selecting the parameters of temperature and time at which the foaming takes place. The two properties mentioned are influenced anyway by setting the desired pore size. It goes without saying that the properties of the finished metallic body depend above all on the choice of the starting materials.
  • the deformability of the compacted semi-finished product is comparable to that of the solid starting metal.
  • the semifinished product does not differ in appearance from that of the starting metal.
  • the semifinished product can therefore be processed into semifinished products of any geometry by known forming processes. It can be formed into sheets, profiles, etc. It can be used in almost any deformation process that takes the decomposition temperature into account. Only when the semi-finished product is heated to temperatures above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent used does the foaming take place.
  • a body produced according to the embodiment according to claim 11 is used to produce a porous metal body, after the foaming, a slightly porous outer layer surrounds a core made of highly porous foamed metal.
  • Another use of the foamable body is the production of metal foams with a solid outer layer.
  • the foamable body first becomes a cylindrical one by suitable shaping processes Formed rod, which touches the walls in an initially freely expanding foam, the pores near the surface are flattened by the internal pressure of the material foaming from the inside, thus compressing the initially highly porous outer edge of the molded part.
  • the thickness of this outer edge which has an increased density in relation to the inside of the workpiece, can be controlled via the period of time in which after contact with the walls the material can foam further from the inside before the molded part is finally cooled, as a result of which the foaming is stopped.
  • the surface of the foamable body according to the invention or of the expanding foam is prevented by cooling from foaming as much as in the non-cooled areas.
  • the cooling can be effected by suitable cooling media or by contact with cold materials.
  • the cooling can act on the entire surface or only on partial areas.
  • Integral foam-like metal bodies can be produced by pasting a metal foam with identical or alien materials. In addition to gluing, other joining methods and fastening methods (soldering, welding, screwing) can also be used. Finally, a metal foam can also be cast with metal melts or other materials that are initially liquid and then solidify or harden.
  • a powder mixture of the composition AIMg1 with 0.2% by weight of titanium hydride was placed in a hot pressing device and heated to a temperature of 500 C under a pressure of 60 MPa. After a holding time of 30 minutes, the sample was relieved, removed and cooled. Foaming was carried out by heating the sample in a laboratory oven preheated to 800 ° C. The density of the resulting aluminum foam was approximately 0.55 g / cm 3 .
  • a powder mixture of the composition AIMg2 with 0.2 percent by weight titanium hydride was compacted in the hot pressing device under a pressure of 100 MPa and a temperature of 550 ° C. and relieved and removed after a holding time of 29 minutes.
  • the subsequent foaming of the sample was carried out by heating the sample in a laboratory oven preheated to 800 ° C. and resulted in a foam with a density of 0.6 g / cm 3.
  • a powder mixture of pure aluminum powder and 1.5 percent by weight sodium bicarbonate (NaHCOa) was placed in a hot press and heated to a temperature of 500 ° C. under a pressure of 150 MPa. After a holding time of 20 minutes, the sample was removed and foamed in an oven preheated to 850 C. The density of the resulting aluminum foam was 1.3 g / cm 3 .
  • a powder mixture of pure aluminum powder and 2 percent by weight aluminum hydroxide was filled into the hot press device and heated to a temperature of 500 ° C. under a pressure of 150 MPa. After a holding time of 25 minutes, the sample was removed and foamed in an oven preheated to 850 C. The density of the resulting aluminum foam was 0.8 g / cm3.
  • a bronze powder of the composition 60% Cu and 40% Sn was mixed with 1% by weight of titanium hydride powder and this powder mixture was compacted at a temperature of 500 C and a pressure of 100 MPa for 30 minutes. The compacted sample was then heated in an oven preheated to 800 C and thereby foamed. The resulting bronze foam had a density of about 1.4 g / cm 3 .
  • a mixture of 70 percent by weight copper powder and 30 percent by weight aluminum powder was mixed with 1 percent by weight titanium hydride and this powder mixture was compacted at a temperature of 500 ° C. and a pressure of 100 MPa for 20 minutes.
  • the compacted sample was then heated in an oven preheated to 950 C and thereby foamed.
  • the density of this foamed copper alloy was less than 1 g / c m 3.
  • a powder mixture of pure aluminum powder and 1.5 percent by weight sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ) was placed in a hot pressing device and heated to a temperature of 500 ° C. under a pressure of 150 MPa. After a holding time of 20 minutes, the sample was removed and foamed in an oven preheated to 850 C. The density of the resulting aluminum foam was 1.3 g / cm 3 .
  • a powder mixture of pure aluminum powder and 2 weight percent aluminum hydroxide was filled in the hot press device and heated to a temperature of 500 ° C. under a pressure of 150 MPa. After a holding time of 25 minutes, the sample was removed and foamed in an oven preheated to 850 C. The density of the resulting aluminum foam was 0.8 g / cm3.
  • a bronze powder of the composition 60% Cu and 40% Sn was mixed with 1% by weight of titanium hydride powder and this powder mixture was compacted at a temperature of 500 C and a pressure of 100 MPa for 30 minutes. The compacted sample was then heated in an oven preheated to 800 ° C. and thereby foamed. The resulting bronze foam had a density of about 1.4 g / cm 3 .
  • a mixture of 70% by weight copper powder and 30% by weight aluminum powder was mixed with 1% by weight titanium hydride and this powder mixture was compacted at a temperature of 500 ° C. and a pressure of 100 MPa for 20 minutes.
  • the compacted sample was then heated in an oven preheated to 950 ° C. and thereby foamed.
  • the density of this foamed copper alloy was less than 1 g / cm 3.
  • a powder mixture of aluminum powder and 0.4 weight percent titanium hydride powder was heated to a temperature of 350 ° C. This heated powder mixture was then fed into the roll gap and shaped into 3 passes. The result was a sheet which was cooled in still air. Sections measuring 100m x 100mm were cut out of this sheet, the edge areas with cracks being removed. The foaming of these sections was carried out freely in an oven preheated to 850 ° C. and led to density values of approximately 0.8 g / cm 3 . In a modification of the method, intermediate heating was carried out at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes after the first stitch. This intermediate heating largely reduced the occurrence of edge cracks.
  • a layer 2 of propellant-free metal powder is filled into a hot-pressing device 1, then a layer of propellant-containing metal powder 3 and finally again a layer 2 'of propellant-free metal powder.
  • a compact 4 is obtained, which can optionally be shaped into a further body 5. This body can then also be foamed into a body 6.
  • the blowing agent-free metal layers each form a firm, slightly porous bottom layer 7 or cover layer 8, between which there is a highly porous metal foam layer 9.
  • FIG. 2 Another method for producing integral foams is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the opening 19 of an extrusion tool 11 is initially covered by a disk made of solid metal piece 12.
  • the pressing chamber of the tool is filled with metal powder 13 containing blowing agent and the powder mixture is pressurized to about 60 MPa.
  • the latter is compacted by heating the tool together with the powder mixture 13.
  • the pressing pressure is increased so that the central area of the solid metal plate 12, which closes the opening 10 of the tool, flows through this opening 10 and thus releases it.
  • the foamable semi-finished product 14 is pressed together with the solid material 12 through the opening 10, the solid material 12 surrounding the foamable body in the form of an outer layer 13 closes.
  • a slightly porous layer surrounds a core made of highly porous foamed metal.
  • a metal powder 15 is mixed intensively with a blowing agent powder 16.
  • the mixture 17 thus obtained is compacted in a press 18 under the influence of pressure and temperature.
  • a semifinished product 19 is produced.
  • the semifinished product 19 can, for example, be formed into a sheet 20.
  • the sheet 20 can then be foamed to a finished porous metal body 21 by the action of temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP91106755A 1990-06-08 1991-04-26 Procédé pour la production d'un corps en mousse métallique Expired - Lifetime EP0460392B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018360 1990-06-08
DE19904018360 DE4018360C1 (en) 1990-06-08 1990-06-08 Porous metal body prodn. - involves compaction at low temp. followed by heating to near melting point of metal
DE4101630A DE4101630A1 (de) 1990-06-08 1991-01-21 Verfahren zur herstellung aufschaeumbarer metallkoerper und verwendung derselben
DE4101630 1991-01-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0460392A1 true EP0460392A1 (fr) 1991-12-11
EP0460392B1 EP0460392B1 (fr) 1996-09-04

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Family Applications (1)

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EP91106755A Expired - Lifetime EP0460392B1 (fr) 1990-06-08 1991-04-26 Procédé pour la production d'un corps en mousse métallique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5151246A (fr)
EP (1) EP0460392B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2898437B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE142135T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2044120C (fr)
DE (2) DE4101630A1 (fr)

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DE19717894B4 (de) * 1996-05-02 2005-06-23 Mepura Metallpulvergesellschaft M.B.H. Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösen Matrixmaterialien, insbesondere Formkörper auf Basis von Metallen, und von Halbzeug dafür
WO2007101799A2 (fr) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-13 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Matériau composite métal-aérogel
WO2007128374A1 (fr) * 2006-05-04 2007-11-15 Alulight International Gmbh Procédé pour réaliser des corps composites et corps composites ainsi réalisés
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WO2011151193A1 (fr) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour produire une mousse métallique à pores fermés ainsi qu'élément comprenant une mousse métallique à pores fermés
WO2018130550A1 (fr) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Composant de véhicule présentant une structure électroconductrice renfermant un matériau expansé, et procédé de production correspondant

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DE19709672C2 (de) * 1997-03-11 1998-12-24 Koenig & Bauer Albert Ag Zylinder für Druckmaschinen
DE19717066C1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-02-26 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren zum Trennen stranggepreßter Hohlprofile und Strangpreßvorrichtung
ATE235336T1 (de) * 1997-06-10 2003-04-15 Goldschmidt Ag Th Schäumbarer metallkörper
WO1999011832A1 (fr) 1997-08-30 1999-03-11 Honsel Ag Alliage destine a la production de corps metalliques en mousse a l'aide d'une poudre ayant des adjuvants formant des germes
DE19746164B4 (de) * 1997-10-18 2005-09-15 Volkswagen Ag Materialverbund mit einem zumindest abschnittsweise hohlen Profil und Verwendung desselben
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EP2679564A1 (fr) 2009-09-04 2014-01-01 Manfred Jaeckel Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément à structure alvéolaire en céramique
WO2011151193A1 (fr) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour produire une mousse métallique à pores fermés ainsi qu'élément comprenant une mousse métallique à pores fermés
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WO2018130550A1 (fr) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Composant de véhicule présentant une structure électroconductrice renfermant un matériau expansé, et procédé de production correspondant

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DE59108133D1 (de) 1996-10-10
DE4101630A1 (de) 1991-12-12
EP0460392B1 (fr) 1996-09-04
DE4101630C2 (fr) 1992-04-16
US5151246A (en) 1992-09-29
CA2044120C (fr) 2001-05-01
JP2898437B2 (ja) 1999-06-02
JPH04231403A (ja) 1992-08-20
CA2044120A1 (fr) 1991-12-09
ATE142135T1 (de) 1996-09-15

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