EP0458778B1 - Tubular reusable and inflatable moulding form of elastic material - Google Patents
Tubular reusable and inflatable moulding form of elastic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0458778B1 EP0458778B1 EP91890110A EP91890110A EP0458778B1 EP 0458778 B1 EP0458778 B1 EP 0458778B1 EP 91890110 A EP91890110 A EP 91890110A EP 91890110 A EP91890110 A EP 91890110A EP 0458778 B1 EP0458778 B1 EP 0458778B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- inflatable
- cavities
- inflated
- substantially cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
- E04G11/045—Inflatable forms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reusable, inflatable, tubular formwork hollow body made of elastic material, which in the inflated state has an essentially egg-shaped cross section and can be placed on a channel-shaped base plate, the tubular formwork hollow body having an outer formwork skin and several, its interior in each along the Outline of the formwork cross-section in pairs adjacent, inflatable cavities dividing inner walls that the inflated formwork hollow body over its entire length into a larger, upper, substantially cylindrical cavity, a smaller, lower, substantially cylindrical cavity and two lateral, substantially equally large, prismatic Subdivide cavities, wherein all inflatable cavities together form at least two separately inflatable pressure chambers via their own valves arranged at one end of the formwork hollow body.
- the two superposed, essentially cylindrical cavities are the Larger upper cavity and the smaller, lower cavity, which determines the shape of the formwork section lying against the channel-shaped base plate, via one or more openings in the inner wall separating the two cavities to form a single pressure chamber with the same internal pressure and the two lateral cavities also to form a single one Pressure chamber connected to each other with the same internal pressure.
- the pressure chamber formed by the upper and lower cavity is only inflated to such an extent that the filling of the Hollow formwork surrounding space with filler concrete does not lead to any deformation of the formwork cross-section in the area of the upper cavity.
- the internal pressure in the lower cavity is not large enough to press the formwork shell sufficiently firmly against the channel-shaped base plate through the inflated hollow formwork in the area of the lower cavity to prevent concrete from penetrating between the base plate and the hollow formwork. The concrete that has penetrated there has to be removed after extensive demoulding.
- FR-A-1 279 634 is another formwork hollow body for the production of pipelines or channels with an egg-shaped Cross-section known, in which two superimposed cylindrical cavities, a larger upper cavity and a smaller lower cavity, to a separate pressure chamber with the same internal pressure and two lateral, crescent-shaped cavities laterally enclosing the two stacked cylindrical cavities each also with its own pressure chamber same internal pressure are interconnected.
- the form of the formwork skin section abutting the channel-shaped base plate is not formed by the cylindrical lower cavity, but by the lower end regions of the two crescent-shaped cavities connected to one another.
- the internal pressure of this pressure chamber is not sufficient. in order to press the formlining sufficiently firmly against the channel-shaped base plate through the two lower end regions of the crescent-shaped cavities in order to prevent concrete from penetrating between the base plate and the hollow formwork body in all cases.
- inflatable tubular formwork hollow bodies such as are used to cut out an egg-shaped pipeline cross section in a cradle in which concrete is filled and compacted by shaking
- other inflatable formwork hollow bodies made of flexible material are also known.
- FR-A-2 088 097 is an inflatable formwork hollow body to be arranged lying in the lying forms of the precast concrete slab elements with a , corresponding to a flat rectangle with semicircles attached to the narrow sides
- Cross-section known, in which an outer tubular formlining is held taut by four inflated, cylindrical tubes arranged horizontally next to one another inside the formlining, which release between them six, each delimited by two adjacent tubes and the outer formlining, approximately triangular, non-inflatable cavities .
- all four cylindrical hoses must be inflated to the same internal pressure in order to ensure the contour corresponding to the desired cross section.
- Such formwork hollow bodies have the disadvantage that, in the case of components with larger wall thicknesses in the area of the non-inflatable cavities of the hollow formwork body, there are non-negligible cross-sectional constrictions which are undesirable in the case of pipes or ducts and would require expensive reworking after demoulding.
- inflatable formwork hollow bodies made of flexible material are also known for producing monolithic concrete structures outdoors.
- formwork hollow bodies are supported with their underside, which is not designed as a formlining, on the level floor or foundation on which they rest and on which they are anchored, and only form a formwork for the concrete structure to be erected with their curved top the concrete is sprayed on from the outside.
- formwork hollow bodies it is known, for example from SU-A1-1 315 584, to inflate the air from the formwork skin arranged above the floor of the building to be erected, anchored to the building foundation and sealed at the lower edge by means of an annular container to the outside by means of lines guided through the floor and spray concrete onto the inflated hollow formwork.
- the ring-shaped container is filled with water to prevent the inflated formwork skin from deforming when the concrete hardens.
- Such a hollow formwork body that is open at the bottom and is supported on the floor can be divided according to SU-A1-1 399 517 by a membrane attached to the top of the annular container into an upper closed pressure chamber and a lower pressure chamber open towards the bottom.
- the necessary air lines are first laid in the floor of the building to be erected, the annular container and the upper pressure chamber are inflated and the concrete is applied to the inflated formwork skin.
- the pressure in the annular container is increased and a negative pressure is generated in the pressure chamber which is open towards the bottom.
- AT-B-359 733 Another such downwardly open, bottom-supporting, inflatable formwork hollow body is known from AT-B-359 733, which differs from that of SU-A1-1 399 517 practically only in that the formwork skin is anchored to the building foundation and the use of the downwardly open chamber on the underside of the formwork hollow body is dispensed with.
- AT-B-359 733 a mutual stabilization is achieved by a higher pressure in the annular container compared to the pressure chamber delimited by the formwork skin, which makes further anchoring of the formwork hollow body unnecessary.
- All these inflatable formwork hollow bodies for the erection of monolithic concrete buildings have in common that in the inflated state they each form a one-sided effective formwork body that has a bottom that cannot be used as formwork, which must be placed on a flat surface to support the formwork body. They also differ from the inflatable formwork hollow bodies to be used for pipe formwork in that the annular container which is in each case placed on the flat surface runs along the lower edge of the formwork skin and, with its cross-sectional shape, has no influence on the cross-sectional shape of the hollow formwork body.
- a formwork for elongated, large-nave buildings with a vault which consists of a foundation plate with upstanding struts and a tubular inflatable formwork hollow body, which is supported on the foundation plate and is arranged between the struts, for the vaulted ceiling of the building.
- This formwork hollow body consists of an outer soft steering arm, which is anchored on the foundation plate, and an inflatable torus which is located inside the steering arm and which, when inflated, is displaced within the steering arm to where concreting begins, as well as to the Side surfaces of the steering arm attached removable and inflatable balloons.
- the object of the invention is to ensure the shape accuracy of its cross-sectional contour and its secure contact with the respective base plate in the case of a tubular, inflated formwork hollow body provided with an essentially egg-shaped cross section.
- a formwork hollow body of the type mentioned at the outset in that at least the lower cavity of the two, one above the other, essentially cylindrical cavities is designed as a separate pressure chamber which is separately inflatable from the other cavities via a separate valve.
- the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the lower cavity can be increased to such an extent that the outer formlining lies sealingly along the channel-shaped base plate, while the pressure in the upper cavity and in the two lateral cavities can be selected independently of this without to change the outline shape of the formwork cross-section.
- both the lower cavity and the upper cavity can each be designed as a separate pressure chamber which can be inflated separately from the other cavities via a separate valve.
- the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the upper cavity can be designed for the lowest possible risk of damage to the formwork skin, while the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the lower cavity is designed for optimal sealing of the formwork skin with respect to the soleplate.
- the separation of the two cylindrical cavities also makes it easier to find leaks in the formlining caused by damage.
- An inflatable formwork hollow body consists of an outer tubular formwork skin 1 which extends essentially over the entire length of the formwork hollow body. Inside the formlining 1, there are inner walls 2, 3, 4, 5 that extend over the entire length of the formwork hollow body and extend into its end sections, each of which in pairs and together with a longitudinal strip 6, 7, 8, 9 of the formwork 1 limit cavity 10, 11, 12, 13 extending over the entire length of the formwork hollow body.
- the substantially egg-shaped cross-section of the formwork hollow body in the inflated state is made up of a, essentially cylindrical, upper cavity 10, which is delimited by the longitudinal strip 6 and the two inner walls 2 and 3, a, smaller, essentially cylindrical, lower cavity 12, which of the Longitudinal formwork strips 8 and the two inner walls 4 and 5 is limited, and formed by the two, lateral, substantially equally sized, prismatic cavities 11 and 13, which are formed by the formwork longitudinal strips 7 and the two inner walls 2 and 4 or by the formwork longitudinal strips 9 and the two inner walls 3 and 5 are limited.
- the upper cavity 10 has a larger cross-sectional area than the lower cavity 12.
- Each of the two cavities 10 and 12 forms a pressure chamber which is separate from the other and which is in each case inflated via a valve arranged in the end section of the formwork hollow body.
- the pressure chamber of the lower cavity 12, the outer formwork strip 8 of which lies against the sole plate 14, is inflated to a higher pressure than the pressure chamber of the upper cavity 10.
- the two lateral cavities 11 and 13 are interconnected and are inflated via only one further valve arranged in the end section of the formwork hollow body. If desired, the two lateral cavities 11 and 13 can each also form their own pressure chambers which can be inflated via their own valve.
- the inner walls 2, 3, 4, 5 can be formed as separate sheets of elastic material, or can be formed from parts of hoses enveloping the upper cavity 10 or the lower cavity 12, which in turn are encased by the tubular formlining 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen wiederverwendbaren, aufblasbaren, schlauchförmigen Schalungshohlkörper aus elastischem Material, welcher im aufgeblasenen Zustand einen im wesentlichen eiförmigen Querschnitt besitzt und auf eine rinnenförmige Sohlplatte aufsetzbar ist, wobei der schlauchförmige Schalungshohlkörper eine außenliegende Schalhaut und mehrere, seinen Innenraum in jeweils entlang dem Umriß des Schalkörperquerschnittes paarweise aneinandergrenzende, aufblasbare Hohlräume unterteilende Innenwände aufweist, die den aufgeblasenen Schalungshohlkörper über seine ganze Länge in einen größeren, oberen, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlraum, einen kleineren, unteren, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlraum und zwei seitliche, im wesentlichen gleich große, prismatische Hohlräume unterteilen, wobei alle aufblasbaren Hohlräume zusammen zumindest zwei über eigene, an einem Ende des Schalungshohlkörpers angeordnete Ventile getrennt aufblasbare Druckkammern bilden.The invention relates to a reusable, inflatable, tubular formwork hollow body made of elastic material, which in the inflated state has an essentially egg-shaped cross section and can be placed on a channel-shaped base plate, the tubular formwork hollow body having an outer formwork skin and several, its interior in each along the Outline of the formwork cross-section in pairs adjacent, inflatable cavities dividing inner walls that the inflated formwork hollow body over its entire length into a larger, upper, substantially cylindrical cavity, a smaller, lower, substantially cylindrical cavity and two lateral, substantially equally large, prismatic Subdivide cavities, wherein all inflatable cavities together form at least two separately inflatable pressure chambers via their own valves arranged at one end of the formwork hollow body.
Bei bekannten Schalungshohlkörpern dieser Art (US-A-3 973 749 AT-B-312 899), wie sie für die Herstellung von Rohrleitungen oder Kanälen mit eiförmigem Querschnitt in Ortsbeton verwendet werden, sind die beiden übereinander angeordneten, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlräume, der größere obere Hohlraum und der, die Form des an der rinnenförmigen Sohlplatte anliegenden Schalhautabschnittes bestimmende, kleinere, untere Hohlraum über eine oder mehrere Öffnungen in der die beiden Hohlräume voneinander trennenden Innenwand zu einer einzelnen Druckkammer mit gleichem Innendruck und die beiden seitlichen Hohlräume ebenfalls zu einer einzelnen Druckkammer mit gleichem Innendruck miteinander verbunden. Beim praktischen Einsatz solcher Schalungshohlkörper hat sich gezeigt, daß es im Bereich seiner prismatischen Hohlräume sehr leicht zu Deformationen beim Verfüllen und Rütteln des Füllbetones kommt, weshalb der Innendruck sehr genau abgewogen werden muß, um die Formgenauigkeit der Querschnittskontur des aufgeblasenen Schalungshohlkörpers sicherzustellen.In known formwork hollow bodies of this type (US-A-3 973 749 AT-B-312 899), such as are used for the production of pipelines or ducts with an egg-shaped cross section in in-situ concrete, the two superposed, essentially cylindrical cavities are the Larger upper cavity and the smaller, lower cavity, which determines the shape of the formwork section lying against the channel-shaped base plate, via one or more openings in the inner wall separating the two cavities to form a single pressure chamber with the same internal pressure and the two lateral cavities also to form a single one Pressure chamber connected to each other with the same internal pressure. In practical use of such formwork hollow bodies, it has been shown that deformations in the area of its prismatic cavities very easily occur when filling and shaking the filling concrete, which is why the internal pressure is weighed very accurately must to ensure the shape accuracy of the cross-sectional contour of the inflated formwork hollow body.
Um die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der Schalhaut in dem, vom oberen Hohlraum gebildeten, zufolge des größeren Durchmessers stärker gefährdeten Bereich des Schalungshohlkörpers so gering wie möglich zu halten, wird die vom oberen und unteren Hohlraum gebildete Druckkammer nur so weit aufgeblasen, daß das Verfüllen des den Schalungshohlkörper umgebenden Raumes mit Füllbeton zu keiner Verformung des Schalungskörperquerschnittes im Bereich des oberen Hohlraumes führt. Dabei ist der Innendruck im unteren Hohlraum aber nicht groß genug, um die Schalhaut durch den aufgeblasenen Schalungshohlkörper im Bereich des unteren Hohlraumes ausreichend fest gegen die rinnenförmigen Sohlplatte zu drücken, um in allen Fällen ein Eindringen von Beton zwischen Sohlplatte und Schalungshohlkörper zu verhindern. Der dort eingedrungene Beton muß nach dem Entschalen durch aufwendige Nacharbeiten entfernt werden.In order to minimize the risk of damage to the formwork skin in the area of the formwork hollow body formed by the upper cavity, which is more at risk due to the larger diameter, the pressure chamber formed by the upper and lower cavity is only inflated to such an extent that the filling of the Hollow formwork surrounding space with filler concrete does not lead to any deformation of the formwork cross-section in the area of the upper cavity. However, the internal pressure in the lower cavity is not large enough to press the formwork shell sufficiently firmly against the channel-shaped base plate through the inflated hollow formwork in the area of the lower cavity to prevent concrete from penetrating between the base plate and the hollow formwork. The concrete that has penetrated there has to be removed after extensive demoulding.
Um die Formgenauigkeit der Querschnittskontur des aufgeblasenen Schalungshohlkörpers zu stabilisieren und dadurch eine unpräzisere und rauhere Handhabung des Schalungshohlkörpers auszugleichen, ist es aus der AT-B-320 946 bekannt, den größeren oberen Hohlraum und den, die Form des an der rinnenförmigen Sohlplatte anliegenden Schalhautabschnittes bestimmenden, kleineren, unteren Hohlraum jeweils mit einem kreissegmentförmigen Querschnitt zu versehen und die die beiden Hohlräume zu einer einzigen Druckkammer miteinander verbindenden Öffnungen in die, die beiden Hohlräume trennende, ebene Innenwand des Schalungshohlkörpers zu verlegen. Dies führt zwar zu einer Stabilisierung des Querschnittes des Schalungshohlkörpers, beseitigt aber nicht die sich durch den zu geringen Anpreßdruck gegen die rinnenförmige Sohlplatte ergebenden Nachteile der bekannten schlauchförmigen Schalungshohlkörper.In order to stabilize the shape accuracy of the cross-sectional contour of the inflated formwork hollow body and thereby compensate for an imprecise and rougher handling of the formwork hollow body, it is known from AT-B-320 946 to determine the larger upper cavity and the shape of the formwork section lying against the trough-shaped base plate to provide the smaller, lower cavity with a circular segment-shaped cross-section and to move the openings connecting the two cavities to a single pressure chamber into the flat inner wall of the formwork hollow body separating the two cavities. Although this leads to a stabilization of the cross-section of the hollow formwork body, it does not eliminate the disadvantages of the known tubular hollow formwork body resulting from the insufficient contact pressure against the channel-shaped base plate.
Aus der FR-A-1 279 634 ist ein weiterer Schalungshohlkörper für die Herstellung von Rohrleitungen oder Kanälen mit eiförmigem Querschnitt bekannt, bei welchem zwei übereinander angeordnete zylindrische Hohlräume, ein größerer oberer Hohlraum und ein kleinerer unterer Hohlraum, zu einer eigenen Druckkammer mit gleichem Innendruck und zwei seitliche, die beiden übereinander angeordneten zylindrischen Hohlräume jeweils seitlich umschließende, sichelförmige Hohlräume ebenfalls zu einer eigenen Druckkammer mit gleichem Innendruck miteinander verbunden sind. Bei diesem Schalungshohlkörper wird die Form des an der rinnenförmigen Sohlplatte anliegenden Schalhautabschnittes nicht vom zylindrischen unteren Hohlraum, sondern von den unteren Endbereichen der beiden miteinander verbundenen sichelförmigen Hohlräume gebildet. Wird bei diesem Schalungshohlkörper zur Schonung der Schalhaut die von den beiden sichelförmigen Hohlräumen gebildete Druckkammer nur so weit aufgeblasen, daß das Verfüllen des den Schalungshohlkörper umgebenden Raumes mit Füllbeton zu keiner Verformung im oberen Bereich des Schalungskörperquerschnittes führt, so reicht der Innendruck dieser Druckkammer nicht aus, um die Schalhaut durch die beiden unteren Endbereiche der sichelförmigen Hohlräume ausreichend fest gegen die rinnenförmige Sohlplatte zu drücken, um in allen Fällen ein Eindringen von Beton zwischen Sohlplatte und Schalungshohlkörper zu verhindern.From FR-A-1 279 634 is another formwork hollow body for the production of pipelines or channels with an egg-shaped Cross-section known, in which two superimposed cylindrical cavities, a larger upper cavity and a smaller lower cavity, to a separate pressure chamber with the same internal pressure and two lateral, crescent-shaped cavities laterally enclosing the two stacked cylindrical cavities each also with its own pressure chamber same internal pressure are interconnected. In the case of this formwork hollow body, the form of the formwork skin section abutting the channel-shaped base plate is not formed by the cylindrical lower cavity, but by the lower end regions of the two crescent-shaped cavities connected to one another. If the pressure chamber formed by the two crescent-shaped cavities in this formwork hollow body is only inflated to the extent that the filling of the space surrounding the formwork hollow body with filling concrete does not lead to any deformation in the upper area of the formwork body cross section, the internal pressure of this pressure chamber is not sufficient. in order to press the formlining sufficiently firmly against the channel-shaped base plate through the two lower end regions of the crescent-shaped cavities in order to prevent concrete from penetrating between the base plate and the hollow formwork body in all cases.
Neben diesen aufblasbaren schlauchförmigen Schalungshohlkörpern, wie sie zum Aussparen eines eiförmigen Rohrleitungsquerschnittes in einer Künette, in der Beton eingefüllt und durch Rütteln verdichtet wird, verwendet werden, sind auch andere aufblasbare Schalungshohlkörper aus flexiblem Material bekannt.In addition to these inflatable tubular formwork hollow bodies, such as are used to cut out an egg-shaped pipeline cross section in a cradle in which concrete is filled and compacted by shaking, other inflatable formwork hollow bodies made of flexible material are also known.
Für die Herstellung von Hohlräumen mit kleinen Querschnittsabmessungen, wie sie zur Gewichtserleichterung in armierten Beton-Fertigteil-Deckenelementen vorgesehen sind ist aus der FR-A-2 088 097 ein in den liegend angeordneten Formen der Beton-Fertigteil-Deckenelemente liegend anzuordnender aufblasbarer Schalungshohlkörper mit einem, einem flachen Rechteck mit an den Schmalseiten angefügten Halbkreisen entsprechenden Querschnitt bekannt, bei welchem eine äußere schlauchförmige Schalhaut durch vier aufgeblasene, im Inneren der Schalhaut horizontal nebeneinander angeordnete, zylindrische Schläuche gespannt gehalten wird, welche zwischen sich sechs, jeweils von zwei benachbarten Schläuchen und der äußeren Schalhaut begrenzte, etwa dreieckförmige, nicht aufblasbare Hohlräume freilassen. Bei diesem Schalungshohlkörper müssen alle vier zylindrischen Schläuche auf den gleichen Innendruck aufgeblasen werden, um die dem gewünschten Querschnitt entsprechende Kontur zu gewährleisten. Derartige Schalungshohlkörper haben den Nachteil, daß bei Bauteilen mit größeren Wandstärken im Bereich der nicht aufblasbaren Hohlräume des Schalungshohlkörpers nicht vernachlässigbare Querschnittsverengungen entstehen, die bei Rohrleitungen oder Kanälen unerwünscht sind und teure Nachbearbeitungen nach dem Entschalen erfordern würden.For the production of cavities with small cross-sectional dimensions, such as are provided for weight reduction in reinforced precast concrete slab elements, FR-A-2 088 097 is an inflatable formwork hollow body to be arranged lying in the lying forms of the precast concrete slab elements with a , corresponding to a flat rectangle with semicircles attached to the narrow sides Cross-section known, in which an outer tubular formlining is held taut by four inflated, cylindrical tubes arranged horizontally next to one another inside the formlining, which release between them six, each delimited by two adjacent tubes and the outer formlining, approximately triangular, non-inflatable cavities . In this formwork hollow body, all four cylindrical hoses must be inflated to the same internal pressure in order to ensure the contour corresponding to the desired cross section. Such formwork hollow bodies have the disadvantage that, in the case of components with larger wall thicknesses in the area of the non-inflatable cavities of the hollow formwork body, there are non-negligible cross-sectional constrictions which are undesirable in the case of pipes or ducts and would require expensive reworking after demoulding.
Neben diesen rundum von einer Schalhaut umhüllten schlauchförmigen aufblasbaren Schalungshohlkörpern sind auch aufblasbare Schalungshohlkörper aus flexiblem Material zum Herstellen von monolithischen Betonbauten im Freien bekannt.In addition to these tubular inflatable formwork hollow bodies encased by a formwork skin, inflatable formwork hollow bodies made of flexible material are also known for producing monolithic concrete structures outdoors.
Diese Schalungshohlkörper stützen sich mit ihrer Unterseite, die nicht als Schalhaut ausgebildet ist, auf dem ebenen Boden oder Fundament, auf dem sie aufliegen und an dem sie verankert sind, ab und bilden nur mit ihrer gewölbten Oberseite eine Verschalung für den zu errichtenden Betonbau, auf die der Beton von außen aufgespritzt wird. Bei solchen Schalungshohlkörpern ist es beispielsweise aus SU-A1-1 315 584 bekannt, die über dem Boden des zu errichtenden Gebäudes angeordnete, am Gebäudefundament verankerte und am unteren Rand mittels eines ringförmigen Behälters nach außen abgedichtete Schalhaut über durch den Boden geführte Leitungen mit Luft aufzublasen und Beton auf den aufgeblasenen Schalungshohlkörper aufzuspritzen. Um während des Erhärtens des Betons eine Deformierung der aufgeblasenen Schalhaut durch Windeinwirkung zu verhindern ist der ringförmige Behälter mit Wasser gefüllt. Ein solcher nach unten offener, sich am Boden abstützender Schalungshohlkörper kann gemäß SU-A1-1 399 517 durch eine auf der Oberseite des ringförmigen Behälters befestigte Membrane in eine obere geschlossene Druckkammer und eine untere zum Boden hin offene Druckkammer unterteilt sein. Bei dieser Konstruktion werden zuerst die erforderlichen Luftleitungen im Boden des zu errichtenden Gebäudes verlegt der ringförmige Behälter und die obere Druckkammer aufgeblasen und der Beton auf die aufgeblasene Schalhaut aufgebracht. Zur Aufrechterhaltung der Stabilität der Schalhaut bei Windeinflüssen während des Aushärtens des Betons wird der Druck im ringförmigen Behälter erhöht und in der zum Boden hin offenen Druckkammer ein Unterdruck erzeugt.These formwork hollow bodies are supported with their underside, which is not designed as a formlining, on the level floor or foundation on which they rest and on which they are anchored, and only form a formwork for the concrete structure to be erected with their curved top the concrete is sprayed on from the outside. In such formwork hollow bodies, it is known, for example from SU-A1-1 315 584, to inflate the air from the formwork skin arranged above the floor of the building to be erected, anchored to the building foundation and sealed at the lower edge by means of an annular container to the outside by means of lines guided through the floor and spray concrete onto the inflated hollow formwork. The ring-shaped container is filled with water to prevent the inflated formwork skin from deforming when the concrete hardens. Such a hollow formwork body that is open at the bottom and is supported on the floor can be divided according to SU-A1-1 399 517 by a membrane attached to the top of the annular container into an upper closed pressure chamber and a lower pressure chamber open towards the bottom. With this construction, the necessary air lines are first laid in the floor of the building to be erected, the annular container and the upper pressure chamber are inflated and the concrete is applied to the inflated formwork skin. In order to maintain the stability of the formlining in the event of wind influences during the hardening of the concrete, the pressure in the annular container is increased and a negative pressure is generated in the pressure chamber which is open towards the bottom.
Ein weiterer solcher nach unten offener, sich am Boden abstützender, aufblasbarer Schalungshohlkörper ist aus der AT-B-359 733 bekannt, welcher sich von jenem der SU-A1-1 399 517 praktisch nur dadurch unterscheidet, daß auf eine Verankerung der Schalhaut am Gebäudefundament und auf die Nutzung der nach unten offenen Kammer auf der Unterseite des Schalungshohlkörpers verzichtet wird. Gemäß der AT-B-359 733 wird durch einen höheren Druck im ringförmigen Behälter gegenüber der von der Schalhaut nach oben begrenzten Druckkammer eine gegenseitige Stabilisierung erreicht, die eine weitere Bodenverankerung des Schalungshohlkörpers unnötig macht.Another such downwardly open, bottom-supporting, inflatable formwork hollow body is known from AT-B-359 733, which differs from that of SU-A1-1 399 517 practically only in that the formwork skin is anchored to the building foundation and the use of the downwardly open chamber on the underside of the formwork hollow body is dispensed with. According to AT-B-359 733, a mutual stabilization is achieved by a higher pressure in the annular container compared to the pressure chamber delimited by the formwork skin, which makes further anchoring of the formwork hollow body unnecessary.
All diesen aufblasbaren Schalungshohlkörpern für die Errichtung monolithischer Betonbauten ist gemeinsam, daß sie im aufgeblasenen Zustand jeweils einen nur einseitig wirksamen Schalkörper bilden, der eine nicht als Schalung verwendbare Unterseite besitzt, welche zur Abstützung des Schalkörpers auf eine ebene Unterlage aufgesetzt werden muß. Von den für Rohrschalungen zu verwendenden aufblasbaren Schalungshohlkörpern unterscheiden sie sich weiters dadurch, daß der jeweils am ebenen Untergrund zur Auflage kommende ringförmige Behälter entlang dem unteren Rand der Schalhaut verläuft und mit seiner Querschnittsform keinen Einfluß auf die Querschnittsform des Schalungshohlkörpers hat.All these inflatable formwork hollow bodies for the erection of monolithic concrete buildings have in common that in the inflated state they each form a one-sided effective formwork body that has a bottom that cannot be used as formwork, which must be placed on a flat surface to support the formwork body. They also differ from the inflatable formwork hollow bodies to be used for pipe formwork in that the annular container which is in each case placed on the flat surface runs along the lower edge of the formwork skin and, with its cross-sectional shape, has no influence on the cross-sectional shape of the hollow formwork body.
Aus SU-A1-1 206 419 ist eine Schalung für langgestreckte, großschiffige Bauten mit Gewölbe bekannt, welche aus einer Fundamentplatte mit aufragenden Streben und einem sich auf der Fundamentplatte abstützenden zwischen den Streben angeordneten schlauchförmigen aufblasbaren Schalungshohlkörper für die gewölbte Decke des Gebäudes besteht. Dieser Schalungshohlkörper besteht aus einem äußeren weichen Lenkarm, der auf der Fundamentplatte verankert wird, und aus einem im Inneren des Lenkarmes angeordneten, aufblasbaren Torus, der im aufgeblasenen Zustand innerhalb des Lenkarmes dorthin verlagert wird, wo mit dem Betonieren begonnen wird, sowie aus an den Seitenflächen des Lenkarmes befestigten abnehmbaren und aufblasbaren Ballons.From SU-A1-1 206 419 a formwork for elongated, large-nave buildings with a vault is known, which consists of a foundation plate with upstanding struts and a tubular inflatable formwork hollow body, which is supported on the foundation plate and is arranged between the struts, for the vaulted ceiling of the building. This formwork hollow body consists of an outer soft steering arm, which is anchored on the foundation plate, and an inflatable torus which is located inside the steering arm and which, when inflated, is displaced within the steering arm to where concreting begins, as well as to the Side surfaces of the steering arm attached removable and inflatable balloons.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, bei einem, schlauchförmigen, aufgeblasenen, mit im wesentlichen eiförmigem Querschnitt versehenen Schalungshohlkörper die Formgenauigkeit von dessen Querschnittskontur und dessen sichere Anlage an der jeweiligen Sohlplatte zu gewährleisten.The object of the invention is to ensure the shape accuracy of its cross-sectional contour and its secure contact with the respective base plate in the case of a tubular, inflated formwork hollow body provided with an essentially egg-shaped cross section.
Dies wird bei einem Schalungshohlkörper der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß von den beiden, übereinander angeordneten, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlräumen zumindest der untere Hohlraum als eine eigene, über ein eigenes Ventil, von den anderen Hohlräumen getrennt aufblasbare Druckkammer ausgebildet ist. Durch diese Ausbildung kann der Druck in der vom unteren Hohlraum gebildeten Druckkammer so weit erhöht werden, daß die äußere Schalhaut entlang der rinnenförmigen Sohlplatte dichtend an dieser anliegt, während der Druck im oberen Hohlraum und in den beiden seitlichen Hohlräumen unabhängig davon gewählt werden kann, ohne die Umrißgestalt des Schalkörperquerschnittes zu verändern.This is achieved according to the invention in a formwork hollow body of the type mentioned at the outset in that at least the lower cavity of the two, one above the other, essentially cylindrical cavities is designed as a separate pressure chamber which is separately inflatable from the other cavities via a separate valve. With this design, the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the lower cavity can be increased to such an extent that the outer formlining lies sealingly along the channel-shaped base plate, while the pressure in the upper cavity and in the two lateral cavities can be selected independently of this without to change the outline shape of the formwork cross-section.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann von den beiden, übereinander angeordneten, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlräumen sowohl der untere Hohlraum als auch der obere Hohlraum jeweils als eine eigene, über ein eigenes Ventil, von den anderen Hohlräumen getrennt aufblasbare Druckkammer ausgebildet sein. Durch diese Ausbildung kann der Druck in der, vom oberen Hohlraum gebildeten Druckkammer auf eine möglichst geringe Gefahr der Beschädigung der Schalhaut ausgelegt werden, während der Druck in der vom unteren Hohlraum gebildeten Druckkammer für eine optimale Abdichtung der Schalhaut gegenüber der Sohlplatte ausgelegt wird. Durch die Trennung der beiden zylindrischen Hohlräume wird auch das Auffinden von durch Beschädigungen hervorgerufenen undichten Stellen in der Schalhaut erleichtert.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, of the two, essentially cylindrical cavities arranged one above the other, both the lower cavity and the upper cavity can each be designed as a separate pressure chamber which can be inflated separately from the other cavities via a separate valve. With this configuration, the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the upper cavity can be designed for the lowest possible risk of damage to the formwork skin, while the pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the lower cavity is designed for optimal sealing of the formwork skin with respect to the soleplate. The separation of the two cylindrical cavities also makes it easier to find leaks in the formlining caused by damage.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnung, die einen Querschnitt durch einen aufgeblasenen erfindungsgemäßen Schalungshohlkörper zeigt, näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing, which shows a cross section through an inflated formwork hollow body according to the invention.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer aufblasbarer Schalungshohlkörper besteht aus einer äußeren schlauchförmigen Schalhaut 1, die sich im wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge des Schalungshohlkörpers erstreckt. Im Inneren der Schalhaut 1 sind sich über die gesamte Länge des Schalungshohlkörpers erstreckende, bis in dessen Endabschnitte verlaufende Innenwände 2,3,4,5 vorgesehen, welche jeweils paarweise und zusammen mit einem Längsstreifen 6,7,8,9 der Schalhaut 1 je einen sich über die gesamte Länge des Schalungshohlkörpers erstreckenden Hohlraum 10, 11,12,13 begrenzen. Der im aufgeblasenen Zustand im wesentlichen eiförmige Querschnitt des Schalungshohlkörpers wird von einem, im wesentlichen zylindrischen, oberen Hohlraum 10, welcher vom Längsstreifen 6 und den beiden Innenwänden 2 und 3 begrenzt ist, einem, kleineren, im wesentlichen zylindrischen, unteren Hohlraum 12, welcher vom Schalhautlängsstreifen 8 und den beiden Innenwänden 4 und 5 begrenzt ist, und von den beiden, seitlichen, im wesentlichen gleichgroßen, prismatischen Hohlräumen 11 und 13 gebildet, welche vom Schalhautlängsstreifen 7 und den beiden Innenwänden 2 und 4 bzw. vom Schalhautlängsstreifen 9 und den beiden Innenwänden 3 und 5 begrenzt sind.An inflatable formwork hollow body according to the invention consists of an outer
Der obere Hohlraum 10 besitzt eine größere Querschnittsfläche als der untere Hohlraum 12. Jeder der beiden Hohlräume 10 und 12 bildet eine vom anderen getrennte Druckkammer, welche jeweils über ein, im Endabschnitt des Schalungshohlkörpers angeordnetes Ventil aufgeblasen wird. Die Druckkammer des unteren Hohlraumes 12, dessen außenliegender Schalhautstreifen 8 an der Sohlplatte 14 anliegt, wird auf einen höheren Druck aufgeblasen als die Druckkammer des oberen Hohlraumes 10.The
Die beiden seitlichen Hohlräume 11 und 13 sind untereinander verbunden und werden über nur ein weiteres im Endabschnitt des Schalungshohlkörpers angeordnetes Ventil aufgeblasen. Falls gewünscht können auch die beiden seitlichen Hohlräume 11 und 13 jeweils eigene über ein eigenes Ventil aufblasbare Druckkammern bilden.The two
Die Innenwände 2,3,4,5 können als eigene Bahnen aus elastischem Material ausgebildet sein, oder von Teilen von den oberen Hohlraum 10 bzw. den unteren Hohlraum 12 umhüllenden Schläuchen gebildet sein, die ihrerseits von der schlauchförmigen Schalhaut 1 umhüllt sind.The
Claims (2)
- A re-usable inflatable tubular hollow shuttering body, which is made of elastic material and which in an inflated state has a substantially egglike cross-section and is adapted to be placed on a troughlike baseplate (14), which tubular hollow shuttering body comprises an exterior shuttering skin (1) and a plurality of interior walls (2, 3, 4, 5), which divide the interior space of the body into inflatable cavities, (10, 11, 12, 13), which adjoin each other in pairs along the contour of the cross-section of the shuttering body and divide the inflated hollow shuttering body throughout its length into a substantially cylindrical, larger upper cavity (10), a substantially cylindrical, smaller lower cavity (12) and two lateral prismatic cavities (11, 3) of substantially equal size, wherein all inflatable cavities (10, 11, 12, 13) together constitute at least two pressure chambers, which are separately inflatable through separate valves disposed at one end of the hollow shuttering body, characterized in that at least the lower cavity (12) of the two superimposed substantially cylindrical cavities (10, 12) consists of a separate pressure chamber, which is inflatable through a separate valve separately from the other cavities (10, 11, 13).
- A hollow shuttering body according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower cylindrical cavity (12) and the upper cavity (10) of the two superimposed substantially cylindrical cavities (10, 12) consist each of a separate pressure chamber, which is inflatable through a separate valve separately from the other cavities (11, 13).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT1125/90 | 1990-05-21 | ||
| AT0112590A AT396157B (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1990-05-21 | REUSABLE, INFLATABLE, TUBULAR SHIELDED HOLLOW COLLAR MADE OF ELASTIC MATERIAL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0458778A1 EP0458778A1 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| EP0458778B1 true EP0458778B1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
Family
ID=3507130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91890110A Expired - Lifetime EP0458778B1 (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1991-05-16 | Tubular reusable and inflatable moulding form of elastic material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0458778B1 (en) |
| AT (2) | AT396157B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59105077D1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU207366B (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB565392A (en) * | 1943-06-23 | 1944-11-08 | Charles Bernard Mathews | Improvements in inflatable cores for use in casting hollow concrete units |
| FR1121061A (en) * | 1955-02-01 | 1956-07-20 | Sonico | Process for the erection of constructions and the preparation of reinforced concrete construction elements |
| FR1279634A (en) * | 1960-12-28 | 1961-12-22 | Apparatus and method for constructing cement pipes with ovoid cross-section, more particularly for sewers | |
| FR2088097A1 (en) * | 1970-05-19 | 1972-01-07 | Epis Michelle | |
| AT320946B (en) * | 1972-01-13 | 1975-03-10 | Semperit Ag | Reusable, hollow shuttering body filled with a gaseous or liquid medium |
| US3973749A (en) * | 1971-05-05 | 1976-08-10 | Semperit Aktiengesellschaft | Hollow formwork elements for producing concrete structures |
| AT312899B (en) * | 1971-05-05 | 1974-01-25 | Semperit Ag | Reusable formwork hollow body made of elastic material and filled with a gaseous or liquid medium |
| GB1393404A (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1975-05-07 | Western William J T | Moulding apparatus |
| LU74384A1 (en) * | 1976-02-20 | 1977-09-12 |
-
1990
- 1990-05-21 AT AT0112590A patent/AT396157B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-05-14 HU HU911612A patent/HU207366B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-16 EP EP91890110A patent/EP0458778B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-16 AT AT91890110T patent/ATE120827T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-16 DE DE59105077T patent/DE59105077D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0458778A1 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| DE59105077D1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
| AT396157B (en) | 1993-06-25 |
| HU207366B (en) | 1993-03-29 |
| HU911612D0 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| ATA112590A (en) | 1992-10-15 |
| HUT60002A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
| ATE120827T1 (en) | 1995-04-15 |
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