EP0453596A1 - Commutateur à température - Google Patents

Commutateur à température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453596A1
EP0453596A1 EP90107825A EP90107825A EP0453596A1 EP 0453596 A1 EP0453596 A1 EP 0453596A1 EP 90107825 A EP90107825 A EP 90107825A EP 90107825 A EP90107825 A EP 90107825A EP 0453596 A1 EP0453596 A1 EP 0453596A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molded part
injection molded
contact
resistance
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90107825A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0453596B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrika Hofsäss
Marcel Peter Hofsäss
Denise Petra Hofsäss
Henrik Peter Hofsäss
Carola Rika Hofsäss
Benjamin Michael Hofsäss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOFSAESS, BENJAMIN MICHAEL
HOFSAESS, CAROLA RIKA
HOFSAESS, DENISE PETRA
HOFSAESS, HENRIK PETER
HOFSAESS, MARCEL PETER
HOFSAESS, ULRIKA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90107825T priority Critical patent/ATE120303T1/de
Priority to DE59008766T priority patent/DE59008766D1/de
Priority to DK90107825.3T priority patent/DK0453596T3/da
Priority to ES90107825T priority patent/ES2071697T3/es
Priority to EP90107825A priority patent/EP0453596B1/fr
Publication of EP0453596A1 publication Critical patent/EP0453596A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0453596B1 publication Critical patent/EP0453596B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/504—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by thermal means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H2037/5463—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting the bimetallic snap element forming part of switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5418—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting using cantilevered bimetallic snap elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a temperature switch with spaced stationary, externally contactable contact parts, a bimetallic spring, in particular - snap disk, and a movable contact member which can be switched by the bimetallic spring between a closed and an interrupted position and in the closed position a low-resistance electrical contact caused between the contact parts.
  • PTC plates have the advantage that they have a high resistance at the opening temperature of the switch caused by damage to the device to be monitored, so that only a small current flow and little heat generation allow, while when the device cools the current flow and its heat generation increased, an equilibrium state being set such that the resistance itself can keep the bimetal element in its high temperature position even at low temperatures without the supply of external heat.
  • Conventional ceramic PTC plates are delicate and, in particular, easily fragile so that they can be easily damaged. They are also relatively expensive and their use, in particular their electrical contacting, is complicated.
  • all known bridging resistors must be provided as additional parts in the known switches, since the plates have a necessarily plate-shaped cuboid shape.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages, to further develop a generic temperature switch into a reliable and inexpensive self-holding temperature switch.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved in the case of the temperature switch of the type mentioned in the introduction, that at least between the contact parts, both at least touching, an injection molded part made of plastic with a finite electrical resistance is arranged, which has a high resistance to the electrical resistance between the contact parts via the contact element in the closed position thereof is.
  • the two stationary contacts are generally provided with parts which isolate one another and which consist of a functionally shaped part which hitherto was usually selected from Luroplast or other materials.
  • the invention provides for these structural parts, which either keep the stationary contact parts at a distance or keep them, for example by enclosing them, are sprayed around them or the like to be replaced by an injection molded part made of plastic, which itself has a finite, albeit relatively high Resistance, which preferably has a positive temperature coefficient.
  • an injection molded part made of plastic which itself has a finite, albeit relatively high Resistance, which preferably has a positive temperature coefficient.
  • the holding resistance thus formed by the injection molded part therefore causes self-stabilization when the switch contact is open.
  • the high-resistance injection molded part according to the invention can be produced essentially at the same cost as the part it replaces, so that a self-holding temperature switch can be created without increased costs, as are incurred in the previously known self-holding temperature switches.
  • An extremely preferred embodiment is characterized in that at least one connecting part for connecting the switch to an external voltage source is extrusion-coated by the injection molded part. This has the advantage of better contact making.
  • Also preferred embodiments of the temperature switch according to the invention are characterized in that at least one of the stationary contact parts is injection-molded around and held by the injection molded part and in particular that both stationary contact parts are encapsulated by the injection molded part and are held by this.
  • the injection molded part has a thermoplastic, it being possible in particular to provide that the injection molded part consists of a high-degree of crystallinity, optionally glass fiber-reinforced, preferably plastic, doped with conductive material.
  • the plastic can preferably be polyphenylene sulfide, oxide, polyethylene or PE compounds or the like.
  • the conductive material can be carbon, such as carbon black, graphite, carbon fibers or a non-oxidizing or poorly oxidizing metal.
  • the molded part can consist of self- or intrinsically conductive polymer, such as polypyrrole, a charge transfer complex based on TCNQ or the like, preferably material with preferred conductivity devices, so that the conductivity or the resistance of the injection molded part in different directions in even can be designed differently as desired.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that the injection molded part closes a housing receiving the contact and switching parts as a lid, a further development being characterized in that the injection molded part keeps the stationary contacts at a distance from one another.
  • the temperature switch 1 designed according to the invention has a housing 2, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is made of metal to improve the heat transfer into the interior of the housing; instead, the housing can also be made of plastic, which is possibly noted at least as a heat conductor.
  • a holding part 3 which does not consist of metal, but can be a plastic injection-molded part made of high-temperature-resistant plastic, in particular thermoplastic.
  • the part 3 accommodates stationary contact parts 4, 6 in mutually opposite grooves, between which a plastic injection part 7 made of high-temperature-resistant thermoplastic is arranged, which mechanically also keeps the two stationary contacts 4, 6 at a distance from one another.
  • the plastic injection molded part 7 has a low but finite electrical conductivity, it is high-resistance with a finite resistance.
  • a bimetallic spring 8 is fixedly connected to the stationary contact part 6, for example soldered to the contact part 6, which carries at its free end (at 9) a movable contact member 11, which in a closed position produces a low-resistance between the stationary contact parts 4, 6 via the bimetal spring 8 and opens this low-resistance contact in an open position (not shown).
  • the plastic injection molded part 7 has a positive temperature characteristic of the electrical resistance.
  • the temperature switch shown is a so-called self-holding temperature switch as used for monitoring electrical devices, such as transformers or the like, in relation to temperature.
  • the switch 1 At normal low temperature, the switch 1 is in its closed position, so that an electrical current can flow from one of the stationary contact parts 4, 6 to the other contact part and through the device to be monitored, such as the primary winding of a transformer, without the invention Switch the current is a noticeable resistance, since the electrical parts forming the main current path have a low resistivity. If the device to be monitored stops here for some reason, the temperature in the switch 1 rises above a switching temperature specified for the bimetallic element 8, so that this then lifts the contact member 11 from the stationary contact 4 and thus the low-impedance current path via it and the contact member 11 interrupts between the stationary contact parts 4, 6.
  • the molded part 7 Since the molded part 7 has a finite, albeit relatively high resistance, a small current still flows between the stationary contact parts 4, 6 via the molded part 7 even when the contact member and the bimetal element 8 are in the open position. Due to the resistance of the molded part 7, current flows generated by this heat, which is sufficient to maintain the open position of the bimetal element 8 and the contact member 11, even if that The device to be monitored cools down again due to the opening position of the bimetallic element 8 and the contact member 11.
  • the closed position can only be reached again by disconnecting the contacts 4, 6 from the voltage source, so that no current can flow through the molded part 7, so that heat can no longer be generated, so that the temperature is the switch-back temperature of the bimetal element 8 can differentiate again and this can thus return to its closed position.
  • the injection molded part 7 has a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, so that it allows only a small current flow at high temperatures, so that immediately after opening the switch contact due to high temperature, the current flow through the injection molded part 7 does not increase leads to a further excessive temperature increase in the part to be monitored, but the injection molded part 7 itself only permits a higher current flow and thus generates a larger amount of heat necessary for maintaining the opening point when the part to be monitored continues to cool due to the power interruption.
  • FIG. 2 shows a miniature bimetal switch designed according to the invention with a bimetal snap disk 8.
  • the injection molded part 7 with finite electrical resistance is characterized by cross-hatching, as in the figure and also in the other figures.
  • the one stationary contact part 6 is in the design 2 is formed by a rivet which is encapsulated by the spray chamber part 7. This sits in a metal turned part 4, which simultaneously forms the housing 2 of the switch and holds it together with a curved edge 12.
  • the movable contact member 11 is formed by a button provided with a collar, the bimetallic spring 8 acting on the contact member 11 facing the stationary contact part 8 of the collar, which is designed as a snap disk, while a prestressed spring 13 acts on the opposite side of the collar , which presses the movable contact member 11 over the collar against the stationary contact part 6.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the low-temperature position, in which the bimetallic spring 8 is relieved. If the device in which the switch 1 of FIG. 2 is used exceeds the switching temperature of the bimetallic spring 8, it snaps over and urges the contact member 11 from the contact part 6, so that the electrical connection between them is released.
  • both stationary contact parts 6 are formed by rivets 4, 6 overmolded by injection molding 7, on the inner skin of which the movable contact member 11, which has the form of a bridge, engages in the closed position.
  • the movable contact member 11 which has the form of a bridge, engages in the closed position.
  • a sufficiently heat-producing current can flow between the contacts 4 and 6 via the injection molded part 7, the heat generated being the bimetallic spring 8, which in turn is a snap disk, in which the high temperature position is maintained.
  • the invention is implemented in a switch according to the structure of the switch according to D-US 3122899.
  • This configuration corresponds essentially to that of Figure 2, except that a further spring 15 is provided in addition to the spring 13.
  • a heat-generating current flow which holds the bimetallic disc 8 in the open position, can also be maintained from the contact part 6 or its connecting plate 6a via the injection molded part 7 to the further stationary contact 4 in the form of the housing 2.
  • the injection molded part 7 is extrusion-coated around the connecting lug 6a and a further lug 6b, the former carrying the stationary contact 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a bimetal switch that is remotely similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the high-resistance injection molded part 7 of finite resistance is cross-hatched. It envelops the stationary contact part 4 and carries the further stationary contact part 6, which forms a cutting support for the movable contact member 11, which can be pressed under the action of a spring 13 against the stationary contact part 4 and can be lifted off by the bimetallic spring 8. 5 shows the open or interrupt position.
  • the stationary contact part 6 is held by a rivet 16, which does not contact the contact part 4, but rather by an opening of the same at a distance from the edges of the opening itself, like the rest of the contact parts 4, 6 in area A, by being in a Lying plane, run at a finite distance from each other, for example, in that the contact part 4 is formed there slot, so that the contact part 6 can be guided in the slot at a distance from the contact part 4.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
EP90107825A 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Commutateur à température Expired - Lifetime EP0453596B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90107825T ATE120303T1 (de) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Temperaturschalter.
DE59008766T DE59008766D1 (de) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Temperaturschalter.
DK90107825.3T DK0453596T3 (da) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Temperaturomskifter
ES90107825T ES2071697T3 (es) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Interruptor termico.
EP90107825A EP0453596B1 (fr) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Commutateur à température

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90107825A EP0453596B1 (fr) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Commutateur à température

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0453596A1 true EP0453596A1 (fr) 1991-10-30
EP0453596B1 EP0453596B1 (fr) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=8203908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90107825A Expired - Lifetime EP0453596B1 (fr) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Commutateur à température

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0453596B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE120303T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59008766D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0453596T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2071697T3 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0557753A2 (fr) * 1992-02-25 1993-09-01 Erbengemeinschaft Peter Hofsäss Dispositif de protection d'un appareil
WO1994019815A1 (fr) * 1993-02-18 1994-09-01 Otter Controls Limited Ameliorations concernant des commutateurs electriques
EP0696810A1 (fr) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-14 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH ContrÔleur de température
EP0794546A2 (fr) * 1996-03-09 1997-09-10 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation sensible à la température
FR2750793A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-09 Ubukata Ind Co Ltd Dispositif de protection thermique pour moteurs electriques
EP0863527A2 (fr) * 1997-03-01 1998-09-09 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0887826A2 (fr) * 1997-06-26 1998-12-30 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0951041A2 (fr) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur à commande thermique
FR3006127A1 (fr) * 2013-05-22 2014-11-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Machine electrique tournante comprenant un module de protection thermique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009053258C5 (de) * 2009-11-05 2016-01-14 Tmc Sensortechnik Gmbh Thermobimetallschalter und Verfahren zu seiner Montage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2113388A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-14 Texas Instruments Inc Thermostat
DE3122899A1 (de) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-30 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Temperaturschalter
DE8617033U1 (de) * 1986-06-26 1986-08-14 Temtech-Temperatur-Technik Hans-Peter Bojer, 7530 Pforzheim Bimetallschalter
DE8703049U1 (de) * 1987-02-27 1987-04-16 Microtherm Gmbh, 7530 Pforzheim Temperaturwächter
US4862133A (en) * 1988-03-29 1989-08-29 Tobu Electric Co., Ltd. Thermal switch

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2113388A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-14 Texas Instruments Inc Thermostat
DE3122899A1 (de) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-30 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Temperaturschalter
DE8617033U1 (de) * 1986-06-26 1986-08-14 Temtech-Temperatur-Technik Hans-Peter Bojer, 7530 Pforzheim Bimetallschalter
DE8703049U1 (de) * 1987-02-27 1987-04-16 Microtherm Gmbh, 7530 Pforzheim Temperaturwächter
US4862133A (en) * 1988-03-29 1989-08-29 Tobu Electric Co., Ltd. Thermal switch

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0557753A2 (fr) * 1992-02-25 1993-09-01 Erbengemeinschaft Peter Hofsäss Dispositif de protection d'un appareil
EP0557753A3 (fr) * 1992-02-25 1994-01-05 Hofsaess Peter Erben
WO1994019815A1 (fr) * 1993-02-18 1994-09-01 Otter Controls Limited Ameliorations concernant des commutateurs electriques
GB2275823B (en) * 1993-02-18 1996-11-27 Otter Controls Ltd Improvements relating to electric switches
EP0696810A1 (fr) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-14 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH ContrÔleur de température
EP0794546A3 (fr) * 1996-03-09 1998-10-28 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation sensible à la température
EP0794546A2 (fr) * 1996-03-09 1997-09-10 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation sensible à la température
FR2750793A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-09 Ubukata Ind Co Ltd Dispositif de protection thermique pour moteurs electriques
US6100784A (en) * 1997-01-03 2000-08-08 Hofsaess; Marcel Temperature-dependent switch with contact bridge
EP0863527A2 (fr) * 1997-03-01 1998-09-09 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0863527A3 (fr) * 1997-03-01 1999-05-06 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0887826A2 (fr) * 1997-06-26 1998-12-30 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0887826A3 (fr) * 1997-06-26 1999-06-09 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur à commande thermique avec pont de contact
EP0951041A2 (fr) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur à commande thermique
EP0951041A3 (fr) * 1998-04-16 2000-08-02 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Interrupteur à commande thermique
FR3006127A1 (fr) * 2013-05-22 2014-11-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Machine electrique tournante comprenant un module de protection thermique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0453596B1 (fr) 1995-03-22
ES2071697T3 (es) 1995-07-01
ATE120303T1 (de) 1995-04-15
DE59008766D1 (de) 1995-04-27
DK0453596T3 (da) 1995-08-14

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