EP0445340B1 - Soupape à commande piézoélectrique - Google Patents

Soupape à commande piézoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0445340B1
EP0445340B1 EP90104537A EP90104537A EP0445340B1 EP 0445340 B1 EP0445340 B1 EP 0445340B1 EP 90104537 A EP90104537 A EP 90104537A EP 90104537 A EP90104537 A EP 90104537A EP 0445340 B1 EP0445340 B1 EP 0445340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
leg
piezoelectric actuator
change
piezoceramic element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90104537A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0445340A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dipl.-Phys. Dostert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT90104537T priority Critical patent/ATE115683T1/de
Priority to EP90104537A priority patent/EP0445340B1/fr
Priority to DE59008025T priority patent/DE59008025D1/de
Priority to US07/652,541 priority patent/US5094429A/en
Priority to JP3069315A priority patent/JPH04224269A/ja
Publication of EP0445340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0445340A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0445340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0445340B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve with a piezoelectric drive.
  • valves with short response times are required.
  • injection valves with extremely short opening and closing times are required to achieve short injection times (less than 0.2 ms). Valves that close slowly tend to form droplets and offer low metering accuracy.
  • the injection valves designed according to the prior art generally have a valve drive based on the electromagnetic principle. Such a valve is opened by an electromagnet. A return spring closes the valve after the excitation current is switched off. In order to achieve a short opening time, such valves are briefly activated with a high pulse of high excitation current before switching to the lower holding current. In electromagnetic valves with a single solenoid coil, the closing process cannot be influenced electrically because of the quadratic current / force behavior. It depends only on the spring constant of the required return spring and the mass of the valve needle to be moved.
  • JP-A-62/22 86 64 which shows a generic valve, discloses a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines provided with a piezoelectric drive element. A corresponding lever is used to increase the valve lift.
  • the invention is based on the finding that by using a piezoelectric drive with an approximately linear relationship between the control voltage for a piezoelectric actuator and the deflection caused, the valve can be actively opened and closed in order to achieve short and defined opening and closing times. As a result, the desired proportionality of the injection quantity to the injection time can be achieved even with very short injection times.
  • a disadvantage of piezoelectric displacement sensors is that only relatively small deflections (1-2%) can be achieved, so that they cannot be used directly as an actuator for valves.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a valve of the type mentioned, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and meets the requirement of extremely short response times with defined achievable valve positions.
  • the valve is driven by a rod-shaped piezoceramic element 1 which acts as a piezoelectric actuator and which preferably has a square cross section and is formed with the dimensions 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 32 mm. It is controlled with a voltage of up to 150 V and achieves a deflection of 40 ⁇ m at 150 V.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is clamped on the inner side of a U-shaped spring-hard steel fork 2, cf. the figure. When the piezoelectric actuator is deflected, the free ends of the steel fork 2 are pressed apart by the lever action that occurs.
  • the steel fork 2 is preferably designed such that the change in distance between the free ends thereof is higher by a factor of 4 than the change in surface distance in question of the piezoelectric actuator.
  • a 100 mm long valve stem 4 at the front end of which the valve seat is located, is firmly attached to a bushing.
  • a valve tappet 1 which is inserted through the bushing and is guided in the valve stem 4 and at the front end of which there is a valve needle.
  • the valve stem 4 and the valve lifter 1 can be displaced relative to one another.
  • the valve tappet 3 is sealed at the bushing.
  • the fuel inlet is at the rear end of the valve stem 4.
  • the valve needle When the piezoelectric actuator is not deflected, the valve needle is on the valve seat and thus closes the valve. If the piezoelectric actuator is deflected (40 ⁇ m maximum), the valve needle experiences a stroke of up to 160 ⁇ m due to the amplitude transformation of the steel fork 2 and opens the valve.
  • the spring constant of the steel frame namely the steel fork 2
  • the spring constant of the steel frame can be selected to be so high that the actuator is constantly under the mechanical prestress of the steel frame, even in the event of contraction. This means that the valve can also be actively closed.
  • opening and closing times of less than 100 ⁇ s can be achieved. This behavior is sufficient even at an engine speed of 10,000 rpm. Due to the extremely short injection times ( ⁇ 0.2 ms), multiple injections per working cycle can advantageously be implemented, which can be used to optimize the combustion process as desired.
  • the valve also has the advantage that the injection quantity can be controlled via the valve lift which is variable by the control voltage. This provides an additional possibility of fuel metering compared to injectors with only two fixed end positions of the valve needle.
  • the drive system can be long Valve stem must be arranged relatively far (100 mm) from the valve seat in order to gain space for other components close to the engine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Soupape comportant une tige de soupape (4) possédant un siège de soupape, un poussoir de soupape (1) retenu de manière à être déplaçable par rapport à la tige de soupape (4), et un mécanisme à levier qui agit sur le poussoir de soupape (1) et contient un organe de réglage piézoélectrique (3),
    caractérisée par le fait
    que le mécanisme à levier comprend un cadre (2) en forme de U, que l'organe de réglage piézoélectrique (3) est serré entre des première et seconde branches du cadre (2), que la tige de soupape (4) est disposée sur l'extrémité libre de la première branche et que le poussoir de soupape (1) est fixé sur l'extrémité libre de la seconde branche et pénètre dans un passage ménagé dans la première branche.
  2. Soupape suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'un élément piézocéramique (3) possédant une caractéristique consistant en une relation approximativement linéaire entre une tension de commande et une variation de la distance entre les surfaces de cet élément, provoquée par cette tension, est utilisé en tant qu'organe de réglage piézoélectrique et par conséquent est utilisé pour déplacer le poussoir de soupape (1).
  3. Soupape suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le cadre (2) en forme U est en acier et est agencé de telle sorte que la variation de distance entre les extrémités libres des deux branches est supérieure, du facteur 4, à la variation de la distance entre les surfaces de l'élément piézocéramique (3).
  4. Soupape suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que l'élément piézocéramique (3) est réalisé sous la forme d'un corps en forme de barreau possédant une section transversale carrée et ayant pour dimensions 10 mm x 10 mm x 32 mm, et subit une variation de longueur de 40 µm lors de l'application d'une tension de 150 volts.
  5. Utilisation d'une soupape suivant l'une des revendications précédentes en tant que soupape d'injection de carburant.
EP90104537A 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Soupape à commande piézoélectrique Expired - Lifetime EP0445340B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90104537T ATE115683T1 (de) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Ventil mit piezoelektrischem antrieb.
EP90104537A EP0445340B1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Soupape à commande piézoélectrique
DE59008025T DE59008025D1 (de) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Ventil mit piezoelektrischem Antrieb.
US07/652,541 US5094429A (en) 1990-03-09 1991-02-08 Valve having piezoelecrtric drive
JP3069315A JPH04224269A (ja) 1990-03-09 1991-03-08 圧電駆動装置付き弁

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90104537A EP0445340B1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Soupape à commande piézoélectrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0445340A1 EP0445340A1 (fr) 1991-09-11
EP0445340B1 true EP0445340B1 (fr) 1994-12-14

Family

ID=8203739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90104537A Expired - Lifetime EP0445340B1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Soupape à commande piézoélectrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5094429A (fr)
EP (1) EP0445340B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04224269A (fr)
AT (1) ATE115683T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59008025D1 (fr)

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US5271226A (en) * 1992-04-24 1993-12-21 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce High speed, amplitude variable thrust control
DE4220177A1 (de) * 1992-06-19 1993-12-23 Marco Systemanalyse Entw Vorrichtung zur Betätigung eines Ventilelementes
DE4302457A1 (de) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-04 Schlattl Werner Bavaria Tech Punktschweißzange und Betätigungselement für eine solche Zange
US20030193413A1 (en) * 1993-05-18 2003-10-16 Jones M. Kelly Business methods for notification systems
DE4323148B4 (de) * 1993-07-10 2004-04-22 Audi Ag Vorrichtung zum Widerstandsschweißen von Blechen
DE4411569C1 (de) * 1994-04-02 1995-07-20 Itw Dynatec Gmbh Klebetechnik Auftragskopf zur dosierten Abgabe von strömenden Medien
TW479773U (en) * 1996-12-01 2002-03-11 Tadahiro Ohmi Fluid control valve and fluid supply/exhaust system
GB9811649D0 (en) * 1998-05-29 1998-07-29 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector
JP4064527B2 (ja) * 1998-06-02 2008-03-19 Ｎｅｃトーキン株式会社 アクチュエータ装置
DE19843578A1 (de) * 1998-09-23 2000-03-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6157115A (en) * 1998-10-13 2000-12-05 Nordson Corporation Mechanical amplifier
DE19905413A1 (de) 1999-02-10 2000-08-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Injektor mit Piezo-Mehrlagenaktor für Einspritzsysteme
US6836056B2 (en) 2000-02-04 2004-12-28 Viking Technologies, L.C. Linear motor having piezo actuators
US6437226B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2002-08-20 Viking Technologies, Inc. Method and system for automatically tuning a stringed instrument
US6548938B2 (en) * 2000-04-18 2003-04-15 Viking Technologies, L.C. Apparatus having a pair of opposing surfaces driven by a piezoelectric actuator
US6717332B2 (en) 2000-04-18 2004-04-06 Viking Technologies, L.C. Apparatus having a support structure and actuator
US6879087B2 (en) * 2002-02-06 2005-04-12 Viking Technologies, L.C. Apparatus for moving a pair of opposing surfaces in response to an electrical activation
US6759790B1 (en) 2001-01-29 2004-07-06 Viking Technologies, L.C. Apparatus for moving folded-back arms having a pair of opposing surfaces in response to an electrical activation
US20030168057A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2003-09-11 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Electronically controllable aerosol delivery
JP4758098B2 (ja) * 2002-06-21 2011-08-24 バイキング テクノロジィーズ エル．シー． 単体圧電モータ
US7368856B2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2008-05-06 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Apparatus and process for optimizing work from a smart material actuator product
DE10326707B3 (de) * 2003-06-11 2005-01-27 Westport Germany Gmbh Ventilvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einblasen von gasförmigem Kraftstoff
CN100406750C (zh) * 2004-02-23 2008-07-30 北京航空航天大学 一种压电陶瓷伺服阀
US7077379B1 (en) 2004-05-07 2006-07-18 Brunswick Corporation Fuel injector using two piezoelectric devices
US7594502B1 (en) 2005-12-07 2009-09-29 Anderson Joel A Projectile loading, firing and warning system
US8074625B2 (en) 2008-01-07 2011-12-13 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel injector actuator assemblies and associated methods of use and manufacture
DE102010051742A1 (de) 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Christoph Miethke Hebelventil mit Piezo-Aktor-Antrieb
US10519946B2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2019-12-31 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Peristaltic pump and method of transporting material with a peristaltic pump
US9091238B2 (en) 2012-11-12 2015-07-28 Advanced Green Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing motion amplification and compensation by fluid displacement
US9309846B2 (en) 2012-11-12 2016-04-12 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Motion modifiers for fuel injection systems
US11028810B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2021-06-08 Cummins, Inc. Injector method of switching between injection state and drain state

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB507617A (en) * 1937-06-21 1939-06-19 Audi Ag Improvements in or relating to the control of fuel injection valves in internal combustion engines
DE1751543A1 (de) * 1968-06-15 1970-08-27 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Elektrisch steuerbares Einspritzventil
US3614486A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-10-19 Physics Int Co Lever motion multiplier driven by electroexpansive material
US4022166A (en) * 1975-04-03 1977-05-10 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Piezoelectric fuel injector valve
US4158368A (en) * 1976-05-12 1979-06-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetostrictive transducer
US4340083A (en) * 1978-11-30 1982-07-20 Carleton Controls Corporation Deflectable beam valve
US4435666A (en) * 1981-05-26 1984-03-06 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Lever actuator comprising a longitudinal-effect electroexpansive transducer and designed to prevent actuation from degrading the actuator
JPS62157274A (ja) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-13 Aisan Ind Co Ltd 燃料噴射弁

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE115683T1 (de) 1994-12-15
US5094429A (en) 1992-03-10
JPH04224269A (ja) 1992-08-13
EP0445340A1 (fr) 1991-09-11
DE59008025D1 (de) 1995-01-26

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